CN113263345A - Ball screw double-nut pre-tightening device, pre-tightening method and numerically controlled lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本公开涉及滚珠丝杠螺母副技术领域，具体涉及一种用于数控车床工作台的滚珠丝杠双螺母预紧装置。本发明公开了一种用于数控车床工作台的滚珠丝杠双螺母预紧装置，包括底座，丝杠两端分别固定于底座两端；预紧机构，包括主螺母和副螺母，主螺母和副螺母套设于丝杠上；第二定位螺钉位于所述主螺母和副螺母之间且套设于丝杠上；第二定位螺钉外设置有同步带组件，同步带组件沿着第二定位螺钉轴向移动挤压碟形弹簧以调节主螺母与副螺母之间的预紧力。控制伺服电机带动同步带轴向移动实现对主螺母与副螺母产生预紧力，达到消除主螺母与副螺母传动间隙的目的。

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of ball screw nut pairs, in particular to a ball screw double nut pre-tightening device for a CNC lathe workbench. The invention discloses a ball screw double nut pre-tightening device for a CNC lathe workbench, comprising a base, two ends of the screw are respectively fixed on the two ends of the base; The auxiliary nut is sleeved on the lead screw; the second positioning screw is located between the main nut and the auxiliary nut and is sleeved on the lead screw; a timing belt assembly is arranged outside the second positioning screw, and the timing belt assembly is positioned along the second positioning screw. The axial movement of the screw squeezes the disc spring to adjust the preload between the main nut and the auxiliary nut. The servo motor is controlled to drive the synchronous belt to move axially to generate pre-tightening force on the main nut and the auxiliary nut, so as to eliminate the transmission gap between the main nut and the auxiliary nut.

Description

Ball screw double-nut pre-tightening device, pre-tightening method and numerically controlled lathe

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of ball screw nut pairs, in particular to a ball screw double-nut pre-tightening device, a pre-tightening method and a numerically controlled lathe.

Background

In the pretightening device for adjusting the screw rod nut in the prior art, a machine tool sliding plate nut and the screw rod clearance eliminating nut are respectively connected with a screw rod, a cylindrical spring sleeved in the screw rod is positioned between the two nuts, the peripheral wall of the screw rod clearance eliminating nut is provided with an axial groove, one end of a nut positioning strip is eliminated and is connected with the machine tool sliding plate nut through a screw, and the other end of the nut positioning strip is inserted into the axial groove of the screw rod clearance eliminating nut. The tightness of the screw is manually adjusted to cause the change of the axial pretightening force, but the method has a simple structure, needs manual intervention and cannot realize accurate pretightening.

The cka6150 flat-bed numerical control lathe controls the ball screw moving along the X axis and the Y axis of the workbench, the ball screw is located below the workbench, the space is narrow, the workbench needs to be detached when the pretightening force is adjusted, the process is troublesome, and the pretightening force is lost due to the problems of temperature, abrasion and the like in the working process and cannot be detected and pretightened in real time.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior technical scheme, the invention aims to provide a ball screw double-nut pre-tightening device, a workbench and a numerical control lathe.

In order to achieve the above object, one or more embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

the invention discloses a ball screw double-nut pre-tightening device for a numerical control lathe workbench, which comprises

The two ends of the lead screw are respectively fixed at the two ends of the base;

the pre-tightening mechanism comprises a main nut and an auxiliary nut, and the main nut and the auxiliary nut are sleeved on the lead screw; the second positioning screw is positioned between the main nut and the auxiliary nut and sleeved on the screw rod;

and a synchronous belt component is arranged outside the second positioning screw, and the synchronous belt component axially moves along the second positioning screw to press the belleville spring so as to adjust the pre-tightening force between the main nut and the auxiliary nut.

According to the further technical scheme, a second fixing plate, a disc spring and a second positioning screw are sequentially arranged from one end of the main nut to one end of the auxiliary nut.

Further technical scheme, first fixed plate bottom fixed connection is on main nut, and the top is through first set screw connection workstation.

According to a further technical scheme, the synchronous belt assembly comprises a large synchronous wheel, and the large synchronous wheel is connected with the small synchronous wheel through a synchronous belt; the large synchronous belt wheel and the small synchronous belt wheel are connected to the third fixing plate through bearings.

According to a further technical scheme, the second positioning screw is provided with an external thread, and the large synchronous belt pulley is provided with an internal thread; the large synchronous belt wheel is connected with the second positioning screw through threads.

According to a further technical scheme, one end of a wheel shaft of the small synchronous belt wheel is arranged on the third fixing plate through a bearing, and the other end of the wheel shaft of the small synchronous belt wheel is connected with the servo motor through a coupler; the servo motor is positioned on the third fixing plate.

According to a further technical scheme, one side of the outer circumferential surface of the large synchronous pulley is provided with a gear connecting synchronous belt, and the other side of the outer circumferential surface of the large synchronous pulley is provided with an optical axis and is arranged on a third fixing plate through a bearing.

According to a further technical scheme, one end, close to the main nut, of the top of the third fixing plate is provided with a guide rod.

According to the technical scheme, a round hole matched with the guide rod is formed in the guide plate, the guide rod is inserted into the round hole to be in plug-in connection with the guide plate and the third fixing plate, and one side, supporting the third fixing plate through the guide rod, is kept vertical.

According to the further technical scheme, one end of the nut seat is fixedly connected with the guide plate, the other end of the nut seat is fixedly connected with the main nut, and the top of the nut seat is fixedly connected with the workbench.

According to the further technical scheme, bearing seats are arranged at two ends of the base, and two ends of the lead screw are arranged in the bearing seats.

According to a further technical scheme, the disc spring is provided with a strain gauge.

According to the further technical scheme, the strain gauge is connected with the control device, the numerical value of the strain gauge is read through the control device, and the control device controls the starting of the servo motor.

Furthermore, one end of the lead screw is connected with a stepping motor, and the stepping motor is fixed on the base.

The disclosure further relates to a workbench and the double-nut pre-tightening device for the ball screw.

The utility model also relates to a numerical control lathe, including the workstation, the workstation adopts a ball screw double nut preloading device for numerical control lathe workstation of this application.

The beneficial effects of one or more technical schemes are as follows:

1. the synchronous belt assembly is adopted to extrude the disc spring, the extrusion area of the disc spring can be increased, the stress balance is realized, and the strain gauge can be attached.

2. The small synchronous belt wheel is driven to rotate by the servo motor, the small synchronous belt wheel drives the large synchronous belt wheel to rotate by the synchronous belt, and the large synchronous belt wheel generates axial displacement to extrude the disc spring to generate axial force under the action of the screw thread by the rotating motion of the large synchronous belt wheel, so that the gap between the main nut and the auxiliary nut is eliminated.

3. The strain gauge can reflect the axial pretightening force in real time, so that the servo motor is controlled to drive the synchronous belt to move axially to generate the pretightening force for the main nut and the auxiliary nut, and the purpose of eliminating the transmission gap between the main nut and the auxiliary nut is achieved.

4. The synchronous belt assembly is driven by the control device to extrude the disc spring to achieve automatic pre-tightening force adjustment, and the situation that the pre-tightening force can be adjusted only by disassembling the workbench when the traditional disassembly is inconvenient is avoided.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the pretensioning mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a structural cross-sectional view of the pretensioning mechanism according to the invention;

FIG. 4 is a strain gage installation view;

FIG. 5 is a view of the construction of a large synchronous pulley;

figure 6 is a view of a fine set screw.

In the figure, 1, a stepping motor; 2. a work table; 3. a guide rail; 4. a base; 5. a bearing seat; 6. a lead screw; 7. a first set screw; 8. a first fixing plate; 9. a secondary nut; 10. a servo motor; 11. a third fixing plate; 12. a coupling; 13. a small synchronous pulley; 14. a synchronous belt; 15. a second fixing plate; 16. a guide plate; 17. a large synchronous pulley; 18. a second set screw; 19. a disc spring; 20. a nut seat; 21. a main nut; 22. a strain gauge; 23. a bearing contact surface; 24. an inner diameter thread; 25. an outside diameter thread; 26. a first bearing; 27. a second bearing.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1-6, the invention discloses a self-adjusting device for pre-tightening force of aball screw 6 nut pair, which comprises abase 4, wherein thebase 4 is used for bearing aworkbench 2, a steppingmotor 1 for driving ascrew 6 to move, bearingseats 5 for fixing two ends of thescrew 6, thescrew 6 and a pre-tightening mechanism.

As shown in fig. 1, the orientation shown in the drawing is used for description, and is not limited to the orientation of the present embodiment. Bearing blocks 5 are fixed at the left end and the right end of thebase 4 respectively, the bearing blocks 5 are symmetrically arranged on thebase 4, and two ends of thescrew rod 6 are fixed on thebase 4 through the bearing blocks 5.

Guide rails 3 are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of thebase 4, and the two ends of the workbench are respectively connected to thebase 4 through theguide rails 3 in a sliding manner.

One end of thelead screw 6 is connected with a steppingmotor 1, and the steppingmotor 1 is fixed on thebase 4 and used for driving thelead screw 6 to rotate. Thelead screw 6 moves to drive themain nut 21 and theauxiliary nut 9 on thelead screw 6 to move to drive theworkbench 2 to translate on thebase 4.

The pre-tightening mechanism comprises asynchronous belt 14 assembly, amain nut 21, anauxiliary nut 9, afirst fixing plate 8, asecond fixing plate 15, athird fixing plate 11, adisc spring 19, aguide plate 16 and anut seat 20.

Thelead screw 6 is sleeved with amain nut 21 and anauxiliary nut 9. The top of themain nut 21 is fixedly connected with afirst fixing plate 8, and one end of thefirst fixing plate 8 is fixedly connected with one end of theworkbench 2 through afirst positioning screw 7.

One end of theworkbench 2 is connected with thefirst fixing plate 8, and the bottom of theworkbench 2 is fixedly connected with the top of thenut seat 20.

Thesecond fixing plate 15, thedisc spring 19, thesecond positioning screw 18 and thenut seat 20 are sequentially arranged between themain nut 21 and theauxiliary nut 9 from themain nut 21 side to theauxiliary nut 9 side, and thesecond fixing plate 15, thedisc spring 19, thesecond positioning screw 18 and thenut seat 20 are all sleeved on thelead screw 6.

Thesecond fixing plate 15 is sleeved on thescrew rod 6, one end of thesecond fixing plate 15 is fixedly connected with theauxiliary nut 9, and the other end of thesecond fixing plate 15 is contacted with thedisc spring 19.

Thedisc spring 19 is sleeved on thescrew rod 6, and one end of the disc spring is in contact connection with thesecond fixing plate 15, and the other end of the disc spring is in contact connection with thesecond positioning screw 18. Thedisc spring 19 is surface-mounted with astrain gauge 22 near one side of thelarge timing pulley 17. With this arrangement, thelarge timing pulley 17 presses thedisc spring 19, and the magnitude of the pressing force is reflected in thestrain gauge 22 at all times.

Thestrain gauge 22 is connected with a control device, and the control device reads data of thestrain gauge 22, so that theservo motor 10 is controlled to drive thesynchronous belt 14 to rotate to adjust the extrusion degree of thedisc spring 19.

As shown in fig. 3, for the sake of clarity, the description is based on the orientation shown in the drawing, which is only for the sake of simplicity and convenience in describing the structure of the present invention, and is not limited by the orientation description in the present embodiment. Thesecond positioning screw 18 is sleeved on thescrew rod 6, anexternal thread 25 is arranged on one side of the outer surface of the left end of thesecond positioning screw 18 close to thedisc spring 19, and theexternal thread 25 is not arranged on the other side of the left end. One side of the left end of thesecond positioning screw 18, which is provided with anexternal thread 25, is connected with aninternal thread 24 of a largesynchronous pulley 17 of thesynchronous belt 14 assembly, so that the largesynchronous belt 14 is in threaded connection with thesecond positioning screw 18. Due to the engagement of theinternal thread 24 and theexternal thread 25, an axial displacement along the threadedspindle 6 during the rotation of the largesynchronous pulley 17 is achieved.

The right end of thesecond positioning screw 18 is provided with a bulge, one side of the bulge is fixedly connected with theguide plate 16, and the other side of the bulge is fixedly connected with thenut seat 20.

Thenut seat 20 is sleeved on thelead screw 6, and amain nut 21 is sleeved in thenut seat 20; thenut seat 20 is used for fixing themain nut 21, and the top of thenut seat 20 is connected with theworkbench 2 and used for supporting theworkbench 2.

The synchronous belt assembly comprises a largesynchronous pulley 17, a smallsynchronous pulley 13, asynchronous belt 14 and athird fixing plate 11. The structure of the largesynchronous pulley 17 is shown in fig. 5, wherein one side is a gear surface, the outer circumferential surface of the other side is abearing contact surface 23, and the bearing contact surface is rotatably connected to thethird fixing plate 11 through afirst bearing 26, that is, the outer circumferential surface of the side provided with the gear is rotatably connected to one end of thesynchronous belt 14, the bearing contact surface is sleeved with thefirst bearing 26, thefirst bearing 26 is located in the third fixing plate, and one end of the large synchronous pulley is arranged in thethird fixing plate 11 through thefirst bearing 26.

One end of thesynchronous belt 14 is connected with a largesynchronous belt pulley 17, and the other end is rotatably connected with a smallsynchronous belt pulley 13. One end of the wheel shaft of the smallsynchronous belt wheel 13 is arranged in thethird fixing plate 11 through asecond bearing 27, and the other end of the wheel shaft is connected with theservo motor 10 through acoupler 12; the servo motor is fixed on the third fixing plate. Thelarge timing pulley 17 and the thirdfixed plate 11 are connected and held relatively fixed by afirst bearing 26. With this structural arrangement, thelarge timing pulley 17 and the thirdfixed plate 11 are relatively fixed, so that thelarge timing pulley 17 and thesmall timing pulley 13 are relatively fixed. The servo motor, the synchronous belt, the large synchronous belt wheel, the small synchronous belt wheel and the third fixing plate move axially along the second positioning screw together to extrude the disc spring, and the clearance between the main nut and the auxiliary nut is eliminated.

Thethird fixing plate 11 is an L-shaped structure, one end of thethird fixing plate 11 is vertically sleeved on thescrew rod 6, and the other end of the third fixing plate is parallel to thescrew rod 6. Aservo motor 10 is fixedly connected to the top surface of one end parallel to thescrew rod 6.

One end of thethird fixing plate 11 close to themain nut 21 is provided with a guide bar. Thesecond set screw 18 outside is located to thedeflector 16 cover, the one end fixed connection second setscrew 18 ofdeflector 16, the round hole has been seted up to the other end, the guide bar on the thirdfixed plate 11 inserts in the round hole ofdeflector 16, the guide bar realizes the fixed connection ofdeflector 16 and thirdfixed plate 11 with the round hole cooperation, the guide bar ofdeflector 16 sets up in the both ends ofdeflector 16 along the symmetry in the perpendicular direction oflead screw 6 axis, thereby play the supporting role to third fixedplate 11, the one end that keeps third fixedplate 11 is perpendicular to leadscrew 6 all the time.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: the small synchronous belt wheel 13 is driven to rotate by the servo motor 10, the small synchronous belt wheel 13 drives the large synchronous belt wheel 17 to rotate by the synchronous belt 14, the third fixing plate 11 is kept in a vertical state by the retaining action of the bearing and the guiding action realized by the matching of the guide rod on the third fixing plate 11 and the round hole arranged on the guide plate 16, the large synchronous belt 14 is in threaded connection with the second positioning screw 18, so that the large synchronous belt wheel 17 rotates under the action of the thread, the large synchronous belt wheel 17 generates axial displacement relative to the second positioning screw 18 to extrude the disc spring 19 to generate axial force, the strain gauge 22 can reflect the magnitude of axial pretightening force at any time, the large synchronous belt wheel 17 axially moves to generate axial force by extruding the disc spring 19, and the disc spring 19 deforms due to extrusion, and the strain gauge 22 also deforms to change the resistance value, the change of the resistance value of the strain gauge 22 is converted into the change of the bit current, the change is output to an external control end, the magnitude of the current is judged through the external control end, and then the extrusion degree of the large synchronous belt pulley 17 on the disc spring 19 is judged, so that the extrusion degree is fed back to the servo motor 10, the positive and negative rotation angle of the servo motor 10 is influenced, the extrusion degree of the large synchronous belt pulley 17 on the disc spring 19 is changed, and the purpose of automatically adjusting the pretightening force is achieved. Thereby, different pretightening forces are generated for themain nut 21 and theauxiliary nut 9 to achieve the purpose of eliminating the transmission clearance between themain nut 21 and theauxiliary nut 9.

Example 2

The disclosure further relates to a numerical control lathe workbench and the double-nut pre-tightening device of the ball screw. Has the technical effect of improvement.

The top of a nut seat in the ball screw double-nut pre-tightening device is fixedly connected with the bottom of the workbench; one end of a first fixing plate in the ball screw double-nut pre-tightening device is fixedly connected with one end of the workbench through a first positioning screw.

Example 3

The utility model discloses still relate to a numerical control lathe, including the workstation, the workstation adopts a ball screw double nut preloading device of this application. Has the technical effect of improvement.

In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is to be understood that numerous changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种滚珠丝杠双螺母预紧装置，其特征在于，包括1. A ball screw double nut pre-tightening device is characterized in that, comprising底座，丝杠两端分别固定于底座两端；The base, the two ends of the lead screw are respectively fixed on the two ends of the base;预紧机构，包括主螺母和副螺母，主螺母和副螺母套设于丝杠上；第二定位螺钉、碟形弹簧位于所述主螺母和副螺母之间且套设于丝杠上；碟形弹簧上设置有应变片；The pre-tightening mechanism includes a main nut and an auxiliary nut, and the main nut and the auxiliary nut are sleeved on the lead screw; the second positioning screw and the disc spring are located between the main nut and the auxiliary nut and sleeved on the lead screw; A strain gauge is arranged on the shape spring;第二定位螺钉外设置有同步带组件，控制装置根据应变片反馈驱动同步带组件沿着第二定位螺钉轴向移动挤压碟形弹簧以调节主螺母与副螺母之间的预紧力。A timing belt assembly is arranged outside the second positioning screw, and the control device drives the timing belt assembly to move axially along the second positioning screw to squeeze the disc spring according to the feedback of the strain gauge to adjust the pre-tightening force between the main nut and the auxiliary nut.2.如权利要求1所述的一种滚珠丝杠双螺母预紧装置，其特征在于，从所述主螺母一端至副螺母一端依次设置有第二固定板、碟形弹簧和第二定位螺钉。2 . The ball screw double nut pre-tightening device according to claim 1 , wherein a second fixing plate, a disc spring and a second positioning screw are arranged in sequence from one end of the main nut to one end of the auxiliary nut. 3 . .3.如权利要求1所述的一种滚珠丝杠双螺母预紧装置，其特征在于，同步带组件包括大同步轮，大同步带轮与小同步带轮通过同步带连接；大同步带轮与小同步带轮通过轴承连接于第三固定板上。3. A ball screw double nut pre-tightening device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the synchronous belt assembly comprises a large synchronous pulley, and the large synchronous pulley and the small synchronous pulley are connected by a synchronous belt; the large synchronous pulley The small synchronous pulley is connected to the third fixed plate through a bearing.4.如权利要求1所述的一种滚珠丝杠双螺母预紧装置，其特征在于，第二定位螺钉设置有外螺纹，大同步带轮设置有内螺纹；大同步带轮与第二定位螺钉通过螺纹连接。4. The ball screw double nut pre-tightening device according to claim 1, wherein the second positioning screw is provided with an external thread, and the large synchronous pulley is provided with an internal thread; The screws are connected by threads.5.如权利要求3所述的一种滚珠丝杠双螺母预紧装置，其特征在于，小同步带轮的轮轴一端通过轴承设置于第三固定板上，另一端通过联轴器与伺服电机连接；伺服电机位于第三固定板上。5. A ball screw double nut pre-tightening device as claimed in claim 3, wherein one end of the axle of the small synchronous pulley is arranged on the third fixed plate through a bearing, and the other end is connected to the servo motor through a coupling Connection; the servo motor is located on the third mounting plate.6.如权利要求3所述的一种滚珠丝杠双螺母预紧装置，其特征在于，大同步带轮的外圆周面一侧设置有齿轮连接同步带，另一侧设置为光轴且通过轴承设置于第三固定板上。6. A ball screw double nut pre-tightening device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that one side of the outer circumferential surface of the large synchronous pulley is provided with a gear to connect the synchronous belt, and the other side is provided as an optical axis and passes through The bearing is arranged on the third fixing plate.7.如权利要求1所述的一种滚珠丝杠双螺母预紧装置，其特征在于，第三固定板顶部靠近主螺母一端设置有导向杆；导向板上开设有与导向杆配合的圆孔，导向杆插入圆孔内将导向板与第三固定板插接连接，通过导向杆支撑第三固定板的一侧保持竖直。7 . The ball screw double nut pre-tightening device according to claim 1 , wherein a guide rod is provided on the top of the third fixing plate close to one end of the main nut; the guide plate is provided with a round hole that cooperates with the guide rod. 8 . , the guide rod is inserted into the circular hole to connect the guide plate with the third fixed plate, and the side of the third fixed plate supported by the guide rod is kept vertical.8.如权利要求1所述的一种滚珠丝杠双螺母预紧装置，其特征在于，螺母座的一端固定连接导向板，另一端固定连接主螺母，螺母座顶部固定连接工作台。8. The ball screw double nut pre-tightening device according to claim 1, wherein one end of the nut seat is fixedly connected to the guide plate, the other end is fixedly connected to the main nut, and the top of the nut seat is fixedly connected to the workbench.9.如权利要求1所述的一种工作台，其特征在于，采用权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的一种滚珠丝杠双螺母预紧装置。9 . The workbench according to claim 1 , wherein a ball screw double nut pre-tightening device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used. 10 .10.如权利要求1所述的一种数控车床，其特征在于，包括工作台，所述工作台采用权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的一种滚珠丝杠双螺母预紧装置。10 . The CNC lathe according to claim 1 , comprising a workbench, and the workbench adopts the ball screw double nut pre-tightening device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 . 11 .

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