CN113194153A - Data acquisition method and system for thermal adaptation behaviors of residents in building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of building energy-saving data acquisition, in particular to a data acquisition system and method for thermal adaptive behaviors of residents in a building. The invention aims to integrate and upgrade different sensors into a data acquisition system, and can realize the unified acquisition of the heat and humidity environmental parameters, the heat adaptation behaviors and the movement condition data of people in a building room; the life style and energy consumption regulation behavior characteristics of residents in the building are described and reflected by opening/closing various heating and refrigerating mechanical equipment data of doors and windows and people, and guarantee is provided for behavior energy-saving research and data acquisition of intelligent building design; the system provided by the invention is simple to operate, high in acquisition efficiency and guaranteed in data reliability, and avoids the complex operation of separate and independent testing of multiple instruments and errors generated in data integration of different testing systems; and the data are exported in the same system, so that the statistical analysis of the data at a later stage is facilitated.

Description

Data acquisition method and system for thermal adaptation behaviors of residents in building

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of building energy-saving data acquisition, in particular to a data acquisition system and method for thermal adaptive behaviors of residents in a building.

Background

With the development of economy, the living standard of people is continuously improved, and high-energy-consumption heating and refrigerating equipment such as air conditioners, mechanical ventilation and the like is gradually popularized to thousands of households. People usually adjust the indoor hot and humid environment in a combined mode of windowing ventilation and mechanical heating and cooling (air conditioners, fans and the like), but scientific guidance is lacked for the adjusting mode, the hot adaptation behaviors of people only depend on self-feeling, and the condition that the energy waste of the excessive use of the air conditioner is easily caused or the full-time windowing ventilation cannot meet the hot and humid environment requirements of people is easily caused. According to statistics, the energy consumption of the buildings in 2018 in the operation stage of China is as high as 10 hundred million tce, the energy consumption accounts for 21.7% of national energy consumption, and the operation energy consumption of the buildings gradually rises. The unscientific thermal adaptation behavior regulation is the main reason causing high energy consumption of building operation, so that accurate and systematic monitoring and data acquisition of thermal adaptation regulation behaviors of people in a building are the guarantee of deeply exploring the mechanism of thermal adaptation behaviors of residents so as to reduce the energy consumption of building operation, and are important basic works for realizing building design optimization, energy consumption simulation and formulating behavior energy-saving standard.

At present, the data acquisition work of thermal adaptation behaviors such as opening/closing windows and opening/closing heating and cooling equipment for residents in buildings is usually carried out in a manual recording mode, and the data acquisition method is large in workload and large in data error. And other resident regulation behavior data are acquired separately and independently through different testing instruments, the operation of the data acquisition process is complex, the function is single, and other special monitoring equipment is required to be assembled on parameters (temperature and humidity, movement conditions of residents in different spaces of a building and the like) related to the resident thermal adaptation behaviors. After data acquisition, the workload of integrating and counting all data is large, errors are easy to occur, the price of a testing instrument is high, and the testing cost is high. Therefore, in order to improve the data acquisition efficiency of the thermal adaptation behaviors of the residents in the building, reduce data errors and ensure data reliability, the invention provides a data acquisition method and a data acquisition system for the thermal adaptation behaviors of the residents in the building.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a data acquisition method and a data acquisition system for thermal adaptation behaviors of residents in a building, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:

a data acquisition method for thermal adaptation behaviors of residents in a building comprises the following steps:

s1: the method comprises the following steps that a host machine is in communication connection with a plurality of slave machines through a data transmission module, the slave machines are connected with a plurality of behavior data acquisition modules, and thermal adaptive behavior data of residents in a building room are acquired through the behavior data acquisition modules; the host collects temperature and humidity data and time data in a corresponding room; the data transmission unit sets a specific slave networking address for different behavior data acquisition modules;

s2: the plurality of behavior data acquisition modules transmit the acquired thermal adaptation behavior data to the corresponding slave machines, and the slave machines transmit the acquired thermal adaptation behavior data to the host machines through the data transmission modules;

s3: after receiving the thermal adaptation behavior data sent from the host, the host stores the collected temperature and humidity data, the thermal adaptation behavior data, and the time point and the time period of occurrence of the thermal adaptation behavior so as to be read by the computer.

Preferably, the behavior data acquisition module comprises a personnel acquisition module, a door and window switch acquisition module and a power consumption acquisition module, wherein the personnel acquisition module is arranged at an entrance and an exit in a building room and is used for acquiring the movement condition and the number condition of personnel in the building room; the door and window switch acquisition module is arranged at the door and door frame, the window and the window frame and is used for acquiring the door and window switch state data; the power consumption acquisition module is connected with heating and refrigerating equipment in the building room and used for acquiring the on-off state of the heating and refrigerating equipment in the building room and the power consumption of the heating and refrigerating equipment; the personnel acquisition module, the door and window switch acquisition module and the power consumption acquisition module are respectively connected with the corresponding host.

Preferably, the personnel acquisition module comprises a camera, a two-dimensional coordinate system is set for a fixed view under the camera, taking the intersection point position of the diagonal lines of the rectangular door frame as an origin (0,0), wherein the outdoor part of the fixed view is positioned in the y-axis positive half-axis area of the coordinate system, the indoor part is positioned in the y-axis negative half-axis area of the coordinate axis, when the human face appears in the fixed view, the movement of each face in the fixed view is assigned with a dynamic coordinate value (x, y), the camera judges the movement of the person by detecting the change of the y value in the (x, y) coordinate value of the face in the coordinate system, when a person is in a fixed view outdoors, the y value in the dynamic coordinate values (x, y) to which the person is given at this time is a positive value, when the y value is changed from a positive value to a negative value, a signal that people enter the room is transmitted, and the number of people in the room is the sum of the number of people in the room of the current building and the number of the people entering the room; on the contrary, when the people are in the fixed view of the indoor, the y value in the dynamic coordinate value (x, y) assigned to the people at the moment is a negative value, when the y value is changed from the negative value to a positive value, a signal that the people go out of the indoor is transmitted, and the number of the indoor people is the number of the people in the current building room minus the number of the faces going out of the building room, so that the number of the people in the building room is determined.

Preferably, personnel collection module includes two infrared sensor, is first infrared sensor and second infrared sensor respectively, and wherein first infrared sensor installs in the gate outside, and second infrared sensor installs inside the gate, and two infrared sensor are connected with the host computer respectively, and the host computer judges according to the order that first infrared sensor and second infrared sensor detected the signal and judges the indoor personnel of judgement building and remove the condition and the indoor number of people of building. When people enter, the first infrared sensor detects signals firstly, the second infrared sensor detects signals later, the host respectively receives the signals of the first infrared sensor and the second infrared sensor, and judges that the people enter according to the sequence of the signals, and the number of the indoor people is the number of the indoor people in the current building plus the number of the signals transmitted by the second infrared sensor received by the host processing module; when people leave the room, the second infrared sensor detects signals firstly, the first infrared sensor detects signals later, the host machine receives the signals of the second infrared sensor and the first infrared sensor respectively, and judges that the people leave according to the sequence of the signals, and the number of the indoor people is the number of the indoor people in the current building minus the number of the signals transmitted by the first infrared sensor.

Preferably, the door and window switch acquisition module comprises a first door magnetic induction switch installed at a window and a second door magnetic induction switch installed at a door frame; the slave machine judges whether the door is opened or closed or opened or closed by detecting the interface level of the first door magnetic induction switch and the second door magnetic induction switch.

Preferably, the power consumption collection module comprises an ammeter, the ammeter is respectively connected with the heating and cooling equipment and the slave machine, the slave machine judges whether the heating and cooling equipment is opened or not through collecting current data of the ammeter, and the power consumption data of the ammeter is collected to judge the power consumption condition of the heating and cooling equipment.

Preferably, the master stores the collected data of the slave, the temperature and humidity data, and the time point and the time period when the behavior occurs in the SD card.

Preferably, the host writes the collected data of the slave, the collected temperature and humidity data, and the time point and the time period when the behavior occurs into the SD card in an Excel format through the FatFs file system.

A data acquisition system for thermal adaptation behaviors of residents in a building comprises a host and a plurality of slave machines; the plurality of slave machines are respectively communicated with the host machine and realize data interaction;

the slave machine comprises a personnel acquisition module, a door and window switch acquisition module, a power consumption acquisition module, a slave machine processing module and a slave machine communication module; the personnel acquisition module, the door and window switch acquisition module, the power consumption acquisition module and the slave communication module are respectively connected with the slave processing module; the power consumption acquisition module is connected with indoor heating and refrigerating equipment of the building;

the personnel acquisition module is used for acquiring the movement condition and the number condition of personnel in the building and transmitting the acquired data to the slave computer processing module; the door and window switch acquisition module is used for acquiring state data of doors and windows in the building and transmitting the acquired data to the slave processing module; the power consumption acquisition module is used for acquiring the on-off state of heating and refrigerating equipment in the building and the power consumption of the heating and refrigerating equipment and transmitting the acquired data to the slave processing module; the slave processing module is used for judging the movement condition of personnel in a building room and the number of people in the building room through the data collected by the personnel collecting module, judging whether doors and windows are opened or closed through the data collected by the door and window opening and closing collecting module and judging whether heating and refrigerating equipment in the building room is opened or closed and power consumption data through the power consumption collecting module, and transmitting the collected data and the judgment result to the host through the slave communication module;

the host comprises a host communication module, a clock module, a temperature and humidity acquisition module, a host processing module and an SD card; the host communication module, the clock module and the temperature and humidity acquisition module are respectively connected with the host processing module;

the host communication module is used for communicating with the slave communication module and receiving data sent by the slave and a judgment result; the clock module is used for providing a clock source for the host processing module; the temperature and humidity acquisition module is used for acquiring temperature and humidity data in a building room and transmitting the acquired data to the host processing module; and the host module is used for storing the time point and the time period of the occurrence of the thermal adaptation behavior, the temperature and humidity data, the data collected from the slave and the judgment result into the SD card.

Preferably, the host computer further comprises a display screen, and the display screen is connected with the host computer processing module and used for displaying data and processing results acquired by the host computer.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the slave machine integrates and upgrades different sensors into one data acquisition system, and can realize the unified acquisition of the heat and humidity environmental parameters, the heat adaptation behaviors and the movement condition data of people in the building; the life style and energy consumption regulation behaviors of residents in the building are depicted and reflected by opening/closing various heating and refrigerating mechanical equipment data of doors, windows and people, so that the data acquisition of behavior energy-saving research and green intelligent building design is guaranteed; the system provided by the invention is simple to operate, high in acquisition efficiency and guaranteed in data reliability, and avoids the complex operation of separate and independent testing of multiple instruments and errors generated in data integration of different testing systems; and the data are exported in the same system, so that the statistical analysis of the data at a later stage is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an extended power supply, an indicator light, a display screen, a crystal oscillator, a host communication module, and an extended serial port of the host;

FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a self-locking switch, a temperature and humidity acquisition module, an expansion IO port, a voltage reduction circuit, a USB-to-serial port and a key module of a host;

FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a reset circuit and a download circuit of the host;

FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of the SD card memory module of the host;

FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a single-chip microcomputer of the host;

FIG. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a self-locking switch, an extended pin header and a download circuit of a slave;

FIG. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of USB to serial port, voltage step-down circuit and key of the slave;

FIG. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of an indicator light, a crystal oscillator, a door and window module and a 485 serial port of a slave;

fig. 10 is a circuit schematic diagram of a slave communication module, a reset circuit, an extended IO port, an extended peripheral interface, and a K210 interface of a slave;

FIG. 11 is a schematic circuit diagram of a lithium battery charging and power protection module and a boost module of a slave;

fig. 12 is a schematic circuit diagram of a single chip microcomputer of the slave.

Detailed Description

For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

a data acquisition method for thermal adaptation behaviors of residents in a building comprises the following steps:

s1: the method comprises the following steps that a host machine is in communication connection with a plurality of slave machines through a data transmission module, the slave machines are connected with a plurality of behavior data acquisition modules, and thermal adaptive behavior data of residents in a building room are acquired through the behavior data acquisition modules; the host collects temperature and humidity data and time data in a corresponding room; the data transmission unit sets a specific slave networking address for different behavior data acquisition modules.

S2: the plurality of behavior data acquisition modules transmit the acquired thermal adaptation behavior data to the corresponding slave machines, and the slave machines transmit the acquired thermal adaptation behavior data to the host machines through the data transmission modules; the behavior data acquisition module comprises a personnel acquisition module, a door and window switch acquisition module and a power consumption acquisition module, wherein the personnel acquisition module is arranged at an entrance and an exit in a building room and is used for acquiring the movement condition and the number condition of personnel in the building room; the door and window opening and closing acquisition module is arranged at the door, the door frame, the window and the window frame and is used for acquiring opening and closing state data of the door and the window; the power consumption acquisition module is connected with heating and refrigerating equipment in the building room and used for acquiring the on-off state of the heating and refrigerating equipment in the building room and the power consumption of the heating and refrigerating equipment; the personnel acquisition module, the door and window switch acquisition module and the power consumption acquisition module are respectively connected with the corresponding host.

The personnel acquisition module comprises a camera, a two-dimensional coordinate system is set for a fixed view under the camera, taking the intersection point position of the diagonal lines of the rectangular door frame as an origin (0,0), wherein the outdoor part of the fixed view is positioned in the y-axis positive half-axis area of the coordinate system, the indoor part is positioned in the y-axis negative half-axis area of the coordinate axis, when the human face appears in the fixed view, the movement of each face in the fixed view is assigned with a dynamic coordinate value (x, y), the camera judges the movement of the person by detecting the change of the y value in the (x, y) coordinate value of the face in the coordinate system, when a person is in a fixed view outdoors, the y value in the dynamic coordinate values (x, y) to which the person is given at this time is a positive value, when the y value is changed from a positive value to a negative value, a signal that people enter the room is transmitted, and the number of people in the room is the sum of the number of people in the room of the current building and the number of the people entering the room; on the contrary, when the people are in the fixed view of the indoor, the y value in the dynamic coordinate value (x, y) assigned to the people at the moment is a negative value, when the y value is changed from the negative value to a positive value, a signal that the people go out of the indoor is transmitted, and the number of the indoor people is the number of the people in the current building room minus the number of the faces going out of the building room, so that the number of the people in the building room is determined.

The door and window switch acquisition module comprises a first door magnetic induction switch arranged at a window and a second door magnetic induction switch arranged at a door frame; the slave machine judges whether the door is opened or closed or opened or closed by detecting the interface level of the first door magnetic induction switch and the second door magnetic induction switch. The first door magnetic induction switch and the second door magnetic induction switch are respectively MC-53 door magnetic induction switches, the MC-53 door magnetic induction switches are led out to form two input lines, a slave computer judges whether to open a window or close the door by detecting an interface level of the door magnetic induction switches, one of the two input lines is connected with an IO port of the slave computer, the other input line is grounded, the input line connected with the IO port is pulled up to be a high level by default, when a magnet on the window (door) is close to the IO port, the IO port is pulled down to be a low level, and when the singlechip detects that the IO port is the high level, the window (door) is opened, and when the IO port is the low level, the window (door) is closed.

The power consumption acquisition module comprises an RS-485 ammeter, the ammeter is respectively connected with the heating and refrigerating equipment and the slave machine, the slave machine judges whether the heating and refrigerating equipment is opened or not by acquiring current data of the ammeter, and the power consumption data of the ammeter is acquired to judge the power consumption condition of the heating and refrigerating equipment. The power plug of the heating and refrigerating equipment is connected with the RS-485 electric meter, the slave single chip microcomputer is communicated with the RS-485 electric meter through RS485, the communication adopts a national grid DLT645-2007 protocol, and the RS-485 electric meter is connected with the slave single chip microcomputer through a slave 485-to-serial port circuit module. The 485 serial port circuit adopts SP3485 chip, can realize the transmission rate of highest 2.5Mbps, and the singlechip reads power consumption and the on-off state of equipment through sending the read data request to the ammeter.

The single chip microcomputer sends a power consumption and current reading instruction to the RS-485 electric meter device at the frequency of once a second, and the RS-485 electric meter sends the current power consumption and current to the single chip microcomputer after receiving the instruction. When the read current is 0, the information fed back to the single chip microcomputer is that the equipment is in a closed state, and on the contrary, when the current is greater than 0, the information fed back to the single chip microcomputer is that the equipment is in an open state. When the equipment state changes, the singlechip compares the power consumption read at the closing moment with the power consumption read at the opening moment, and the difference of the two readings is the power consumption of the heating and refrigerating equipment at the stage; therefore, the data acquisition of the power consumption of the heating and refrigerating equipment and the real-time monitoring of the switching state of the heating and refrigerating equipment are realized.

The data transmission module selects one of the Bluetooth module, the 4G/5G module, the GPRS module and the WIFI module which are matched with each other. In this embodiment, the slave communication module and the host communication module select the JDY-24M bluetooth communication module, the working voltage is 1.9-3.6V, and the maximum MESH networking number supports 65536 device networking. The host communication module sets a specific networking address for different behavior data acquisition node single-chip microcomputers, and the data transmission principle of the host and the slave is as follows: the Bluetooth networking address of the main board is set to be 0001, the address of the camera node is 0002, the addresses of the two door magnetic induction switch nodes are 0003 and 0004, and the address of the heating and refrigerating equipment node is 0005. The node sends data to the host in an array form, the sending format is 41542 b 4d 45534800 + host address + data +0d 0a, and the data format received by the host is f1 dd + data length + slave address + host address + data +0d 0 a. The master monitors the nodes through the address and the data content of the received slave data.

S3: after receiving the thermal adaptation behavior data sent from the host, the host stores the collected temperature and humidity data, the thermal adaptation behavior data, and the time point and the time period of occurrence of the thermal adaptation behavior so as to be read by the computer. And the host writes the acquired data, the temperature and humidity data of the slave and the time point and the time period of behavior occurrence into the SD card in an Excel format through the FatFs file system.

A data acquisition system for thermal adaptation behaviors of residents in a building comprises a host and a plurality of slave machines; the plurality of slave machines are respectively communicated with the host machine and realize data interaction;

the slave machine comprises a personnel acquisition module, a door and window switch acquisition module, a power consumption acquisition module, a slave machine processing module and a slave machine communication module; the personnel acquisition module, the door and window switch acquisition module, the power consumption acquisition module and the slave communication module are respectively connected with the slave processing module; the power consumption acquisition module is connected with the indoor heating and refrigerating equipment of the building.

The personnel acquisition module is used for acquiring the movement condition and the number condition of personnel in the building and transmitting the acquired data to the slave computer processing module; the door and window switch acquisition module is used for acquiring the state data of doors and windows in the building and transmitting the acquired data to the slave processing module; the power consumption acquisition module is used for acquiring the on-off state of heating and refrigerating equipment in the building and the power consumption of the heating and refrigerating equipment and transmitting the acquired data to the slave processing module; the slave processing module is used for judging the movement condition of personnel in the building and the number of people in the building through the data collected by the personnel collecting module, judging whether doors and windows are opened or closed through the data collected by the door and window opening and closing collecting module, judging whether heating and refrigerating equipment in the building is opened or closed and power consumption data through the power consumption collecting module, and transmitting the collected data and the judgment result to the host through the slave communication module;

the host comprises a host communication module, a clock module, a temperature and humidity acquisition module, a host processing module and an SD card; the host communication module, the clock module and the temperature and humidity acquisition module are respectively connected with the host processing module;

the host communication module is used for communicating with the slave communication module and receiving data sent by the slave and a judgment result; the clock module is used for providing a clock source for the host processing module; the temperature and humidity acquisition module is used for acquiring temperature and humidity data in a building room and transmitting the acquired data to the host processing module; the host module is used for storing the time point and the time period of the occurrence of the thermal adaptation behavior, the temperature and humidity data, the data collected from the slave and the judgment result into the SD card.

The host computer also comprises a display screen which is connected with the host computer processing module and used for displaying the data collected by the host computer and the processing result.

The host subsystem comprises a host communication module, a clock module, a temperature and humidity acquisition module, a host processing module and an SD card; the host communication module, the clock module and the temperature and humidity acquisition module are respectively connected with the host processing module;

the host communication module is used for communicating with the slave communication module and receiving data sent by the slave and a judgment result; the clock module is used for providing a clock source for the host processing module; the temperature and humidity acquisition module is used for acquiring temperature and humidity data in a building room and transmitting the acquired data to the host processing module; the host module is used for storing the time point and the time period of the occurrence of the personnel behavior, the temperature and humidity data, the data collected from the slave subsystem and the judgment result into the SD card.

The host processing module adopts a single chip microcomputer minimum system and is used for receiving sensor signals transmitted back from the slave in real time and displaying the sensor signals in a display screen, and the SD card adopts a FatFs file system for reading and writing, so that different data are effectively classified and counted.

The host machine further comprises a host machine expansion power supply module, a host machine indicator lamp module, a host machine crystal oscillator module, a host machine expansion serial port module, a host machine self-locking switch module, a host machine expansion IO port module, a host machine voltage reduction circuit, a host machine USB-to-serial port circuit, a host machine key module, a host machine reset circuit and a host machine download circuit.

The host expansion power supply module can be externally connected with a power supply to provide a working power supply for the host. The host indicator light module comprises two red indicator lights, wherein the LED1 indicator light is on when the host works normally, and the LED2 can be used for abnormal debugging. The host machine crystal oscillator module comprises a crystal oscillator with the frequency of 8MHz, a serial port can be added to the host machine expansion serial port module, a plurality of external serial port devices are connected, the host machine self-locking switch module is used for keeping the host machine powered on after the self-locking switch is pressed down, the host machine starts to work, and after the self-locking switch is pressed down again, the host machine is powered off and stops working. Host computer extension IO bush piece can increase the IO mouth of host computer, connects a plurality of external device, for example temperature and humidity sensor etc. can adopt two temperature and humidity sensor mutual calibration, gets the average value according to the data that two temperature and humidity sensors gathered, improves data acquisition's accuracy. The host voltage reduction circuit mainly converts a 5V external power supply into a 3.3V power supply voltage to provide a working power supply for the host. The host USB-to-serial port module can realize the communication between the host and the computer. The key module is divided into a reset key and a debugging key, the system is reset after the reset key is pressed down, and the debugging key can be used for debugging programs. The SD card storage module can be inserted into an SD card to store data.

The slave processing module and the host processing module select the minimum system of the single chip microcomputer, the host processing module selects the minimum system of STM32F103RET6, and the slave processing module selects the minimum system ofSTM32F103C8T 6. The clock module includes a DS1302 clock chip. The temperature and humidity acquisition module selects a DHT22 temperature and humidity sensor module, the working voltage is 3.3V-5V, the humidity measurement range is 0-100% RH, and the humidity measurement error is as follows: . + -. 2% RH. The temperature measurement range is 0-80 ℃, the temperature measurement error is +/-0.5 ℃, and the output form is digital output. The host subsystem further comprises a display screen, and the display screen is connected with the host processing module and used for displaying data acquired by the host and processing results.

The slave machine also comprises a slave machine self-locking switch module, a slave machine extension pin header module, a slave machine downloading circuit module, a slave machine USB to serial port module, a slave machine voltage reduction circuit module, a slave machine key module, a slave machine indicator lamp module, a slave machine crystal oscillator module, a slave machine reset circuit module, a slave machine extension IO port module, a slave machine extension peripheral interface module, a slave machine lithium battery charging and power supply protection module and a slave machine voltage boosting module.

And the slave lithium battery charging and power supply protection module adopts TP4056 to charge the battery, when the battery is charged by adopting a USB, the red light is turned on, and after the charging is finished, the red light is turned off and the green light is turned on. The power protection module adopts a DW01 and FS8205A chip combination circuit to prevent the loss of the battery caused by overcharge during charging and overdischarge during use. The boost module uses an SX1308x chip to boost the nominal 4.2V to 5V battery voltage to power the circuit.

Example 2:

a personnel collection module adopted in the step S2 of the data collection method for the thermal adaptation behaviors of residents in a building room comprises two infrared sensors, namely a first infrared sensor and a second infrared sensor, wherein the first infrared sensor is installed outside a doorway, the second infrared sensor is installed inside the doorway, the two infrared sensors are connected with a host respectively, and the host judges and judges the movement condition of the personnel in the building room and the number of people in the building room according to the sequence of signals detected by the first infrared sensor and the second infrared sensor. When people enter, the first infrared sensor detects signals firstly, the second infrared sensor detects signals later, the host respectively receives the signals of the first infrared sensor and the second infrared sensor, and judges that the people enter according to the sequence of the signals, and the number of the indoor people is the number of the indoor people in the current building plus the number of the signals transmitted by the second infrared sensor received by the host processing module; when people leave the room, the second infrared sensor detects signals firstly, the first infrared sensor detects signals later, the host machine receives the signals of the second infrared sensor and the first infrared sensor respectively, and judges that the people leave according to the sequence of the signals, and the number of the indoor people is the number of the indoor people in the current building minus the number of the signals transmitted by the first infrared sensor. The rest is the same as example 1.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, which are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种建筑室内居民热适应行为的数据采集方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：1. a data collection method for building indoor residents thermal adaptation behavior, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:S1：将主机与若干从机通过数据传输模块建立通信连接，从机与多个行为数据采集模块连接，通过多个行为数据采集模块采集建筑室内居民的热适应行为数据；主机采集对应室内的温湿度数据及时间数据；数据传输单元通过给不同的行为数据采集模块设置特定的从机组网地址；S1: establish a communication connection between the host and several slaves through the data transmission module, the slaves are connected with multiple behavior data acquisition modules, and the thermal adaptation behavior data of the residents in the building is collected through the multiple behavior data acquisition modules; the host collects the corresponding indoor temperature Humidity data and time data; the data transmission unit sets specific slave network addresses for different behavior data acquisition modules;S2：多个行为数据采集模块将采集的热适应行为数据传输至对应从机，从机将采集的热适应行为数据通过数据传输模块传输至主机；S2: Multiple behavior data acquisition modules transmit the collected thermal adaptation behavior data to the corresponding slaves, and the slaves transmit the collected thermal adaptation behavior data to the host through the data transmission module;S3：主机接收到从机发来的热适应行为数据后，将采集的温湿度数据和热适应行为数据以及热适应行为发生的时间点和时间段进行存储以便计算机读取。S3: After the host computer receives the thermal adaptation behavior data sent from the slave, it stores the collected temperature and humidity data, thermal adaptation behavior data, and the time point and time period when the thermal adaptation behavior occurs so that the computer can read it.2.根据权利要求1所述的一种建筑室内居民热适应行为的数据采集方法，其特征在于：所述行为数据采集模块包括人员采集模块、门窗开关采集模块、用电量采集模块，所述人员采集模块设置在建筑室内的进出口处，用于采集建筑室内的人员的移动情况和人数情况；所述门窗开关采集模块设置在门和门框、窗和窗框处，用于采集门窗的开关状态数据；所述用电量采集模块与建筑室内的供暖制冷设备连接，用于采集建筑室内供暖制冷设备的开关状态以及供暖制冷设备的用电量；所述人员采集模块、门窗开关采集模块、用电量采集模块分别与对应主机连接。2. A data collection method for thermal adaptation behavior of building indoor residents according to claim 1, characterized in that: the behavior data collection module comprises a personnel collection module, a door and window switch collection module, and a power consumption collection module. The personnel collection module is arranged at the entrance and exit of the building, and is used to collect the movement and number of people in the building; the door and window switch collection module is arranged at the door and the door frame, the window and the window frame, and is used to collect the door and window switches. Status data; the electricity consumption collection module is connected to the heating and cooling equipment in the building, and is used to collect the switching state of the heating and cooling equipment in the building and the electricity consumption of the heating and cooling equipment; the personnel collection module, the door and window switch collection module, The power consumption acquisition modules are respectively connected with the corresponding hosts.3.根据权利要求2所述的一种建筑室内居民热适应行为的数据采集方法，其特征在于：所述人员采集模块包括摄像头，给摄像头下的固定视图设定一个二维坐标系，以长方形门框对角线的交点位置作为原点(0,0)，固定视图的室外部分处于坐标系的y轴正半轴区域，室内部分处于坐标轴的y轴负半轴区域，人脸出现在固定视图中时，每张人脸在固定视图中的移动都会被赋予一个动态的坐标值(x,y),摄像头通过检测人脸在坐标系中其(x,y)坐标值中的y值变化情况来判断人的移动情况，当人处在室外的固定视图中时，此时人被赋予的动态坐标值(x,y)中的y值为正值，当y值由正值转为负值时，传递出人进入室内的信号，室内人数为当前建筑室内人数加上进入的人脸个数；相反，当人处在室内的固定视图中时，此时人被赋予的动态坐标值(x,y)中的y值为负值，当y值由负值转为正值时，传递出人走出室内的信号，室内人数为当前建筑室内人数减去走出建筑室内的人脸个数，从而判定建筑室内的人数。3. The data collection method for thermal adaptation behavior of indoor residents in a building according to claim 2, wherein the personnel collection module comprises a camera, and a two-dimensional coordinate system is set for the fixed view under the camera, with a rectangular The intersection of the diagonal lines of the door frame is used as the origin (0,0). The outdoor part of the fixed view is in the positive half-axis region of the y-axis of the coordinate system, the indoor part is in the negative half-axis region of the y-axis of the coordinate axis, and the face appears in the fixed view. In the middle, the movement of each face in the fixed view will be given a dynamic coordinate value (x, y). The camera detects the change of the y value in the (x, y) coordinate value of the face in the coordinate system. To judge the movement of the person, when the person is in a fixed view outdoors, the y value in the dynamic coordinate value (x, y) given to the person at this time is a positive value, and when the y value changes from a positive value to a negative value When , the signal of people entering the room is transmitted, and the number of people in the room is the number of people in the current building plus the number of faces entering; on the contrary, when the person is in the fixed view of the room, the dynamic coordinate value (x ,y) in the y value is a negative value, when the y value changes from a negative value to a positive value, a signal of people walking out of the room is transmitted, and the number of people in the room is the number of people in the current building minus the number of faces who walked out of the building, thus Determine the number of people in the building.4.根据权利要求2所述的一种建筑室内居民热适应行为的数据采集方法，其特征在于：所述人员采集模块包括两个红外传感器，分别为第一红外传感器和第二红外传感器，其中第一红外传感器安装在门口外部，第二红外传感器安装在门口内部，两个红外传感器分别与主机连接，主机根据第一红外传感器和第二红外传感器检测到信号的顺序判断判断建筑室内的人员移动情况及建筑室内的人数。当有人员进入时，第一红外传感器先检测到信号，第二红外传感器后检测到信号，主机分别接收到第一红外传感器和第二红外传感器的信号，并根据信号的先后顺序判断是人员进入，则室内人数为当前建筑室内人数加上主机处理模块收到第二红外传感器传来的信号个数；当有人员走出室外时，第二红外传感器先检测到信号，第一红外传感器后检测到信号，主机分别接收到第二红外传感器和第一红外传感器的信号，并根据信号的先后顺序判断是人员走出，则室内人数为当前建筑室内人数减去第一红外传感器传来的信号个数。4 . The method for data collection of thermal adaptation behaviors of building indoor residents according to claim 2 , wherein the personnel collection module comprises two infrared sensors, respectively a first infrared sensor and a second infrared sensor, wherein The first infrared sensor is installed outside the doorway, the second infrared sensor is installed inside the doorway, and the two infrared sensors are respectively connected to the host. conditions and the number of people in the building. When a person enters, the first infrared sensor detects the signal first, the second infrared sensor detects the signal later, the host receives the signals from the first infrared sensor and the second infrared sensor respectively, and judges that the person enters according to the sequence of the signals. , the number of people in the room is the number of people in the current building plus the number of signals received by the host processing module from the second infrared sensor; when someone walks out of the room, the second infrared sensor detects the signal first, and then the first infrared sensor detects the signal. The host receives the signals of the second infrared sensor and the first infrared sensor respectively, and judges that people are walking out according to the sequence of the signals. The number of people in the room is the number of people in the current building minus the number of signals from the first infrared sensor.5.根据权利要求2所述的一种建筑室内居民热适应行为的数据采集方法，其特征在于：所述门窗开关采集模块包括安装在窗户处的第一门磁感应开关和安装在门框处的第二门磁感应开关；从机通过检测第一门磁感应开关和第二门磁感应开关的接口电平来判断是开窗或关窗，以及是开门或关门。5 . The data collection method for thermal adaptation behavior of residents in a building according to claim 2 , wherein the door and window switch collection module comprises a first door magnetic induction switch installed at the window and a second door frame installed at the door frame. 6 . Two-door magnetic induction switch; the slave machine judges whether to open or close the window, and to open or close the door by detecting the interface level of the first and second door magnetic induction switches.6.根据权利要求2所述的一种建筑室内居民热适应行为的数据采集方法，其特征在于：所述用电量采集模块包括电表，所述电表分别与供暖制冷设备和从机连接，所述从机通过采集电表的电流数据判断供暖制冷设备是否打开，采集电表的用电量数据判断供暖制冷设备的用电量情况。6 . The data collection method for thermal adaptation behavior of building indoor residents according to claim 2 , wherein the electricity consumption collection module comprises an electricity meter, and the electricity meter is respectively connected with the heating and cooling equipment and the slave machine, so the The slave machine judges whether the heating and cooling equipment is turned on by collecting the current data of the electricity meter, and judges the electricity consumption of the heating and cooling equipment by collecting the electricity consumption data of the electricity meter.7.根据权利要求1所述的一种建筑室内居民热适应行为的数据采集方法，其特征在于：所述主机将采集的从机的数据、温湿度数据以及行为发生的时间点和时间段储存在SD卡中。7 . The data collection method for thermal adaptation behavior of building indoor residents according to claim 1 , wherein the host stores the collected slave data, temperature and humidity data, and the time point and time period when the behavior occurs. 8 . in the SD card.8.根据权利要求7所述的一种建筑室内居民热适应行为的数据采集方法，其特征在于：所述主机将采集的从机的数据、温湿度数据以及行为发生的时间点和时间段通过FatFs文件系统以Excel格式写入到SD卡中。8 . The method for data collection of thermal adaptation behaviors of building indoor residents according to claim 7 , wherein the host passes the collected slave data, temperature and humidity data, and the time point and time period when the behavior occurs. 9 . The FatFs file system is written to the SD card in Excel format.9.一种建筑室内居民热适应行为的数据采集系统，其特征在于：包括主机、若干从机；若干所述从机分别与主机进行通信并实现数据交互；9. A data acquisition system for thermal adaptation behavior of indoor residents in a building, characterized in that: it comprises a host and several slaves; several of the slaves respectively communicate with the host and realize data interaction;所述从机包括人员采集模块、门窗开关采集模块、用电量采集模块、从机处理模块、从机通信模块；所述人员采集模块、门窗开关采集模块、用电量采集模块、从机通信模块分别与从机处理模块连接；所述用电量采集模块与建筑室内供暖制冷设备连接；The slave machine includes a personnel collection module, a door and window switch collection module, a power consumption collection module, a slave machine processing module, and a slave machine communication module; the personnel collection module, the door and window switch collection module, the electricity consumption collection module, and the slave machine communication module The modules are respectively connected with the slave processing modules; the power consumption acquisition module is connected with the building indoor heating and cooling equipment;所述人员采集模块用于采集建筑室内的人员的移动情况和人数情况，并将采集的数据传输至从机处理模块；所述门窗开关采集模块用于采集建筑室内门窗的状态数据，并将采集的数据传输至从机处理模块；所述用电量采集模块用于采集建筑室内供暖制冷设备的开关状态以及供暖制冷设备的用电量，并将采集的数据传输至从机处理模块；所述从机处理模块用于通过人员采集模块采集的数据判断建筑室内的人员移动情况及建筑室内的人数，通过门窗开关采集模块采集的数据判断门窗打开或关闭以及通过用电量采集模块判断建筑室内供暖制冷设备是打开或关闭和用电量数据，并将采集的数据和判断结果通过从机通信模块传输至主机；The personnel collection module is used to collect the movement and number of people in the building, and transmit the collected data to the slave processing module; the door and window switch collection module is used to collect the status data of the doors and windows in the building, and will The data is transmitted to the slave processing module; the power consumption acquisition module is used to collect the switching state of the heating and cooling equipment in the building and the power consumption of the heating and cooling equipment, and transmit the collected data to the slave processing module; the The slave processing module is used to judge the movement of people in the building and the number of people in the building through the data collected by the personnel collection module, judge the opening or closing of doors and windows through the data collected by the door and window switch collection module, and judge the indoor heating of the building through the power consumption collection module. The refrigeration equipment is turned on or off and the power consumption data, and the collected data and judgment results are transmitted to the host through the slave communication module;所述主机包括主机通信模块、时钟模块、温湿度采集模块、主机处理模块、SD卡；所述主机通信模块、时钟模块、温湿度采集模块分别与主机处理模块连接；The host includes a host communication module, a clock module, a temperature and humidity acquisition module, a host processing module, and an SD card; the host communication module, the clock module, and the temperature and humidity acquisition module are respectively connected with the host processing module;所述主机通信模块用于与从机通信模块进行通信，并接受从机发来的数据和判断结果；所述时钟模块用于给主机处理模块提供时钟源；所述温湿度采集模块用于采集建筑室内的温湿度数据，并将采集的数据传输至主机处理模块；所述主机模块用于将热适应行为发生的时间点和时间段、温湿度数据、从机采集的数据和判断结果存储至SD卡中。The host communication module is used to communicate with the slave communication module, and accepts data and judgment results sent by the slave; the clock module is used to provide a clock source to the host processing module; the temperature and humidity acquisition module is used to collect The temperature and humidity data in the building, and the collected data is transmitted to the host processing module; the host module is used to store the time point and time period of the thermal adaptation behavior, temperature and humidity data, data collected by the slave and judgment results in the in the SD card.10.根据权利要求9所述的一种建筑室内居民热适应行为的数据采集系统，其特征在于：所述主机还包括显示屏，所述显示屏与主机处理模块连接，用于显示主机采集的数据及处理结果。10. A data acquisition system for thermal adaptation behavior of building indoor residents according to claim 9, characterized in that: the host further comprises a display screen, and the display screen is connected to the host processing module for displaying the data collected by the host. data and processing results.

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