CN113143236B - A sphygmomanometer and blood pressure calibration method based on gallium-based liquid alloy - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a sphygmomanometer based on gallium-based liquid alloy and a blood pressure calibration method, relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to a sphygmomanometer which measures the blood pressure of a human body by using a gallium-based liquid alloy column as pressure sensing liquid for blood pressure test; an inert gas double-cavity pressure control system is provided and constructed, so that the pressure of a cavity is accurately controlled, and the measurement precision is improved while the gallium-based liquid alloy is prevented from being oxidized; the sphygmomanometer and the blood pressure calibration method provided by the invention can greatly reduce the dependence of society on harmful mercury metal, solve the problems of poor measurement precision and the like of the electronic thermometer, and are expected to be greatly popularized and applied.

Description

Sphygmomanometer based on gallium-based liquid alloy and blood pressure calibration method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a sphygmomanometer based on gallium-based liquid alloy and a blood pressure calibration method.

Background

A sphygmomanometer is an instrument for measuring blood pressure, and is also called as a blood pressure instrument. The sphygmomanometer mainly comprises an auscultation sphygmomanometer and an oscillometric sphygmomanometer. 1835 Ulipristan invented a sphygmomanometer that transmitted the pulse of the pulse to a narrow mercury column, and mercury jumped up and down accordingly as the pulse was pulsating, allowing physicians to measure pulse and blood pressure without cutting the artery. The main principle of the sphygmomanometer is a process of measuring the blood flow pressure during a period when the pressure is applied by pressurizing air to press a local artery and the pulsation of the local artery is stopped. The cuff air is adjusted to change the pressure and the sound of the pulsation is heard by the stethoscope, so as to obtain the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure. The mercury sphygmomanometer is of a desk type and a vertical type, and the desk type mercury sphygmomanometer has a reasonable structure, and is firm and reliable; the height of the vertical sphygmomanometer can be adjusted at will, and the vertical sphygmomanometer is most commonly used due to reliable results.

With the increasing understanding of the harmfulness of mercury, mercury products are prohibited in the civil field, and mercury sphygmomanometers are also in urgent need of replacement. The conventional electronic sphygmomanometer has the defect of large error, and the calibration is usually carried out based on a standard mercury column type sphygmomanometer.

Environmentally friendly, non-toxic gallium-based liquid alloys have been successfully used to replace the temperature sensing fluids in mercury thermometers. However, in the application process of the sphygmomanometer, since the liquid metal is in contact with air in the use process, once the gallium-based liquid alloy is used to replace mercury, the liquid alloy is easily oxidized, and oxides adhere to the surface of glass, so that the device fails.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a sphygmomanometer based on gallium-based liquid alloy and a blood pressure calibration method.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a sphygmomanometer based on gallium-based liquid alloy, comprising:

a liquid metal chamber;

an arm ring;

a glass capillary tube;

a one-dimensional pressure cavity;

a pressure control chamber;

the liquid metal cavity is used for storing gallium-based liquid alloy, and an air pressure bag is arranged on the inner side of the arm ring and communicated with the liquid metal cavity through an air pipeline; the liquid metal cavity, the arm ring and the vent pipeline form a closed space;

the glass capillary is arranged along the vertical direction, the bottom end of the glass capillary is communicated with the liquid metal cavity, and the top end of the glass capillary is communicated with the pressure maintaining cavity; the pressure maintaining cavity is filled with a first inert gas, and the pressure of the first inert gas is equal to the atmospheric pressure;

the pressure control cavity is controllably communicated with the closed space, the pressure control cavity is filled with second inert gas, and the pressure control cavity enables the closed space to have at least two working states: an inflation pressurization state and an exhaust depressurization state;

the inflation pressurization state is that second inert gas is pressed into a closed space to press gallium-based liquid alloy into the glass capillary to form a gallium-based liquid alloy column; the air pressure bag in the arm ring is pressed on the arm extending into the arm ring under the inflation and pressurization state;

the exhaust depressurization state is that the second inert gas is slowly released, the pressure in the closed space keeps a balance state with the atmospheric pressure, the air pressure in the arm ring is reduced, and the gallium-based liquid alloy column in the glass capillary tube descends and reflows to enter the liquid metal cavity; the exhaust and pressure reduction state is used for measuring the blood pressure of the human body.

Further, the volume of the pressure maintaining cavity is V1, the volume of the glass capillary is V2, and V1 is more than100V 2.

Furthermore, the pressure maintaining cavity is an elastic space with variable space volume; the top end of the glass capillary tube is connected with an elastic membrane in a sealing mode, and the elastic space is formed by the elastic membrane through deformation caused by gas compression in the glass capillary tube.

Further, the diameter of the glass capillary is defined as D1, the height is defined as H1, then D1 is larger than or equal to 1mm and smaller than or equal to 5mm, and H1 is larger than or equal to 300mm and smaller than or equal to 800 mm.

Furthermore, the upper limit of the pressure control cavity in the pressurization process of the closed space enables the height of the gallium-based liquid alloy column formed by the gallium-based liquid alloy entering the glass capillary to be H2, the preset value of the height of the gallium-based liquid alloy column formed by the gallium-based liquid alloy entering the glass capillary in the inflation pressurization state during the human body blood pressure measurement is H3, then H2 is more than or equal to 300mm and less than or equal to 500mm, H3 is more than or equal to 300mm and less than or equal to 500mm, and H2 is more than or equal to H3 and less than or equal to H1.

Further, the amount of the gallium-based liquid alloy stored in the liquid metal cavity at least enables the height of the gallium-based liquid alloy column formed in the glass capillary tube in the gas-filled and pressurized state to reach a preset value H3.

Further, a switch is arranged between the liquid metal cavity and the arm ring, and the switch is always in a closed state when the sphygmomanometer is not in use.

Furthermore, the descending speed of the gallium-based liquid alloy column in the glass capillary under the exhaust and pressure reduction state is 1-5 mm/min.

Further, the gallium-based liquid alloy is a gallium-indium binary alloy, a gallium-tin binary alloy, a gallium-indium-tin ternary alloy or a doped alloy material; the doped alloy material is an alloy material which takes three elements of gallium, indium and tin as main elements and is liquid at room temperature.

The invention also provides a blood pressure calibration method, which is used for calibrating the blood pressure of the sphygmomanometer under the exhaust and pressure reduction state according to the movement rule of the gallium-based liquid alloy column in the glass capillary.

According to the technical scheme, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention discloses a sphygmomanometer based on gallium-based liquid alloy, which comprises a liquid metal cavity, an arm ring, a glass capillary tube, a pressure maintaining cavity and a pressure control cavity; measuring the blood pressure of a human body by using a gallium-based liquid alloy column in a pressure control glass capillary as pressure sensing liquid for blood pressure test; meanwhile, the pressure maintaining cavity and the pressure control cavity are filled with inert gas to form an inert gas double-cavity pressure control system, so that the pressure of the cavity is accurately controlled, the gallium-based liquid alloy is prevented from being oxidized, and the measurement precision is improved. The sphygmomanometer of the invention adopts a testing principle similar to a mercury sphygmomanometer, detects the blood pressure value of a human body by a physical detection means of the height of the liquid metal column, is intuitive, simple and accurate in testing principle, avoids the interference of various environmental factors, is beneficial supplement in the field of sphygmomanometer products after water and silver are forbidden under public duty, greatly reduces the dependence of society on harmful mercury metal, and solves the problems of poor measuring precision of electronic thermometers and the like.

In addition, the sphygmomanometer disclosed by the invention can introduce a new blood pressure calibration method, namely the sphygmomanometer calibrates the blood pressure according to the movement rule of the gallium-based liquid alloy column in the exhaust and pressure reduction state, greatly reduces the difficulty of the original mercury sphygmomanometer calibration, improves the reading precision and can be better popularized and popularized in the whole society.

It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and additional concepts described in greater detail below can be considered as part of the inventive subject matter of this disclosure unless such concepts are mutually inconsistent.

The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments and features of the present teachings can be more fully understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Additional aspects of the present invention, such as features and/or advantages of exemplary embodiments, will be apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of specific embodiments in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.

Drawings

The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component that is illustrated in various figures may be represented by a like numeral. For purposes of clarity, not every component may be labeled in every drawing. Embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sphygmomanometer according to an embodiment of thepresent invention 1;

FIG. 2 is aschematic view 2 of a sphygmomanometer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, the specific meaning of each mark is:

1-liquid metal cavity, 2-arm ring, 3-glass capillary, 4-dimensional pressure cavity, 5-pressure control cavity and 6-gallium-based liquid alloy.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and claims of the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. Similarly, the singular forms "a," "an," or "the" do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or the like, mean that the elements or items listed before "comprises" or "comprising" encompass the features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components listed after "comprising" or "comprising," and do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

Based on the problem that the mercury sphygmomanometer in the prior art is not friendly to the environment and has great harm, the electronic sphygmomanometer which is generally adopted at present has the phenomenon that the error is large and the mercury sphygmomanometer is required to be adopted for calibration; the invention aims to provide a sphygmomanometer based on gallium-based liquid alloy, wherein a gallium-based liquid alloy column is adopted to replace a mercury column to serve as pressure sensing liquid for blood pressure testing, and a double-cavity pressure control system filled with inert gas is constructed at the same time, so that the accurate control of the pressure of a cavity is realized, the sphygmomanometer is environment-friendly, and the measurement accuracy is high.

The blood pressure meter and the blood pressure calibration method based on the gallium-based liquid alloy of the invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The sphygmomanometer based on gallium-based liquid alloy shown in fig. 1 includes: aliquid metal cavity 1, anarm ring 2, a glasscapillary tube 3, a one-dimensional pressure cavity 4 and apressure control cavity 5; as shown in the figure, the gallium-basedliquid alloy 6 is stored in theliquid metal cavity 1, thepressure maintaining cavity 4 and thepressure control cavity 5 form a double-cavity pressure control system, so that the pressure in theliquid metal cavity 1, thearm ring 2 and the glasscapillary tube 3 can be accurately controlled, the pressure at the side of thepressure control cavity 5 is controlled to press the gallium-basedliquid alloy 6 in theliquid metal cavity 1, a gallium-based liquid alloy column is formed in the glasscapillary tube 3, and the height of the gallium-based liquid alloy column can be directly read after calibration.

Specifically, the inner side of thearm ring 2 is provided with an air pressure bag which is communicated with theliquid metal cavity 1 through an air pipeline, and theliquid metal cavity 1, thearm ring 2 and the air pipeline form a closed space; the enclosed space ensures that the gallium-basedliquid alloy 6 is not contacted with the air, and the gallium-basedliquid alloy 6 is fully prevented from being oxidized and adhered to the surface of theliquid metal cavity 1. Theglass capillary 3 is arranged along the vertical direction, the bottom end of the glass capillary is communicated with theliquid metal cavity 1, and the top end of the glass capillary is communicated with thepressure maintaining cavity 4; thepressure maintaining cavity 4 is filled with a first inert gas, and the pressure of the first inert gas is equal to the atmospheric pressure; therefore, when the first inert gas in the glasscapillary tube 3 is compressed to thepressure maintaining cavity 4 by the gallium-based liquid alloy column, thepressure maintaining cavity 4 can ensure that the pressure cannot be obviously increased in the continuous pressing and increasing process of the upper side of the gallium-based liquid alloy column, so that the measurement precision is influenced. In order to ensure that the pressure in thepressure maintaining chamber 4 is maintained to be stable, the volume of thepressure maintaining chamber 4 is generally ensured to be more than 100 times of the volume of the glasscapillary tube 3, i.e. the volume of thepressure maintaining chamber 4 is V1, the volume of the glasscapillary tube 3 is V2, and V1 is more than100V 2.

Thepressure control cavity 5 is in controllable communication with the closed space, generally adopts a controllable air pressure valve to control the communication, thepressure control cavity 5 is filled with a second inert gas, and thepressure control cavity 5 enables the closed space to have at least two working states: an inflation pressurization state and an exhaust depressurization state; the inflation pressurization state is that the second inert gas is pressed into the closed space to press the gallium-basedliquid alloy 6 into theglass capillary 3 to form a gallium-based liquid alloy column; the air pressure bag in thearm ring 2 is pressed on the arm extending into thearm ring 2 under the inflation and pressurization state; the exhaust depressurization state is that the second inert gas is slowly released, the pressure in the closed space keeps a balance state with the atmospheric pressure, the air pressure in thearm ring 2 is reduced, and the gallium-based liquid alloy column in theglass capillary 3 descends and flows back to enter theliquid metal cavity 1; the exhaust decompression state is used for measuring the human blood pressure according to the descending rule of the gallium-based liquid alloy column.

When the sphygmomanometer product is applied specifically, parameters of each structure need to be further set, including the composition of the gallium-basedliquid alloy 6, the diameter and the height of theglass capillary tube 3, the diameter of thearm ring 2, the amount of the gallium-basedliquid alloy 6 and the descending rate of the gallium-based liquid alloy column in theglass capillary tube 3 in an exhaust and pressure reduction state, so that the product is ensured to have the optimal performance ratio.

Specifically, for example, the gallium-basedliquid alloy 6 is selected from a gallium-indium binary alloy, a gallium-tin binary alloy, a gallium-indium-tin ternary alloy, or a doped alloy material, and the doped alloy material is an alloy material which takes three elements of gallium, indium and tin as main elements and is liquid at room temperature.

The diameter of theglass capillary tube 3 is D1, the height is H1, D1 is more than or equal to 1mm and less than or equal to 5mm, and H1 is more than or equal to 300mm and less than or equal to 800 mm; the parameter setting of theglass capillary 3 is mainly characterized by the diameter, the capillary effect is obvious due to the excessively low diameter, the measurement precision is influenced, the gallium-basedliquid alloy 6 is wasted due to the excessively high diameter, thepressure maintaining cavity 4 needs to be enlarged, and the overall volume of the product is excessively large; the height of theglass capillary 3 can be selected according to the height range of the gallium-based liquid alloy column required by the blood pressure test, and the invention is not limited to the height range.

When thepressure control cavity 5 is designed and selected, the upper limit of thepressure control cavity 5 in the pressurizing process to the closed space is set so that the height of the gallium-based liquid alloy column formed by the gallium-basedliquid alloy 6 entering theglass capillary 3 is H2, the preset value of the height of the gallium-based liquid alloy column formed by the gallium-basedliquid alloy 6 entering theglass capillary 3 in the inflation pressurizing state during the measurement of the blood pressure of the human body is H3, then the requirements are that H2 is more than or equal to 300mm and less than or equal to 500mm, H3 is more than or equal to 300mm and less than or equal to 500mm, and H2 is more than or equal to H3 and less than H1; namely, the gallium-basedliquid alloy 6 is prevented from being excessively pressed into thepressure maintaining cavity 4 to cause measurement failure. In operation, certain embodiments directly connect the enclosed space with an inert gas cylinder to realize gas pressure control, and the controlled inert gas cylinder directly serves as thepressure control cavity 5.

The diameter of thearm ring 2 is D2, D2 is more than or equal to 60mm and less than or equal to 300mm, so that the arm ring is suitable for different arm diameters; when the human body blood pressure is tested, the arm of the tested human body is inserted into thearm ring 2, the air pressure bag at the inner side of thearm ring 2 is tightly pressed with the arm in an inflated state, and the pressure of the blood vessel of the human body is sensed.

The amount of the gallium-basedliquid alloy 6 in theliquid metal cavity 1 is set to ensure that the amount of the gallium-basedliquid alloy 6 stored in theliquid metal cavity 1 at least enables the height of a gallium-based liquid alloy column formed in theglass capillary 3 under an inflation and pressurization state to reach a preset value H3, otherwise, an accurate blood pressure value cannot be obtained during measurement. As shown in fig. 1, theliquid metal cavity 1 and thearm ring 2 are in a direct communication state, and in some embodiments, in order to prevent thepressure control cavity 5 from generating a pressure runaway suck-back phenomenon, a switch is directly arranged between theliquid metal cavity 1 and thearm ring 2, and the switch is always in a closed state in a non-application state of the sphygmomanometer, for example, the switch is arranged on one side of theliquid metal cavity 1, which is connected with thearm ring 2 through a pipeline, so as to ensure safety.

The dropping rate of the gallium-based liquid alloy column in theglass capillary 3 in the exhaust and pressure reduction state is set to be 1-5 mm/min, the exhaust and pressure reduction state is used for testing the blood pressure of a human body, the dropping rate of the gallium-based liquid alloy column is used as an index to indicate the pressure reduction rate, and the slow dropping rate can be used for clearly capturing the blood pressure fluctuation of the human body.

As shown in fig. 2, the invention also provides a sphygmomanometer, wherein thepressure maintaining cavity 4 of the sphygmomanometer is an elastic space with variable space volume; that is, the top end of theglass capillary 3 is hermetically connected with an elastic membrane, the elastic space is formed by the deformation of the elastic membrane through the gas compression in theglass capillary 3, and the pressure of the elastic space is consistent with the pressure of the atmospheric pressure.

The blood pressure can be calibrated by the sphygmomanometer in various ways, for example, the blood pressure is judged according to sound and the movement rule of the gallium-based liquid alloy column, and detection signals are directly converted into digital form through new sensing technologies such as sound and images, so that data reading of detection personnel is facilitated; the present invention is not limited to the exemplary calibration methods described above. For example, the conventional mercury sphygmomanometer uses a stethoscope to listen to the pulse of a test subject, and determines diastolic pressure and systolic pressure by starting and ending a special sound during a change in a pressure value, which requires a relatively rich experience of a tester. The invention also discloses a blood pressure calibration method, namely, the blood pressure is judged by the sphygmomanometer based on the gallium-based liquid alloy according to the motion rule of the gallium-based liquid alloy column, in the implementation, thepressure cavity 5 is controlled to control the linear stable reduction of the pressure, but the gallium-based liquid alloy column can generate the jitter phenomenon in the reduction process, the pressure corresponding to the beginning of jitter is expressed as systolic pressure, and the pressure corresponding to the end of jitter is expressed as diastolic pressure.

Examples

Gallium indium tin ternary alloy is used as pressure sensing liquid, and the weight ratio of gallium to indium to tin is 70: 20: 10; argon is selected as the first inert gas and the second inert gas respectively filled in thepressure maintaining cavity 4 and thepressure control cavity 5; the diameter D1 of theglass capillary tube 2 is set to be 2mm, the height H1 is 600mm, the diameter D2 of thearm ring 2 is 180mm, and the volume of thepressure maintaining cavity 4 is 0.2L;

after the arm goes deep into the arm ring, the arm is placed at a standard position for controllable pressurization; pressing inert gas into a closed space formed by thearm ring 2, the vent pipeline and theliquid metal cavity 1, pressing the gallium-basedliquid alloy 6 to enable the gallium-based liquid alloy column in theglass capillary 3 to be raised to 350mm, and meanwhile, extruding the arm by a pressure bag on the inner side of thearm ring 2, wherein the pressure is consistent and synchronous with the gallium-based liquid alloy column; the pressure is maintained for 3 seconds, and then stable and controllable pressure reduction is carried out, wherein the pressure reduction rate is 2 mm/min.

The blood pressure of a human body is judged according to the motion rule of the gallium-based liquid alloy column, and in the pressure reduction process, the gallium-based liquid alloy column is stably reduced from 350mm to 295mm and fluctuates until the stable reduction trend is recovered from 167 mm; the gallium-based liquid alloy column with the diameter of 295mm can be judged to be systolic pressure, and the gallium-based liquid alloy column with the diameter of 167mm is judged to be diastolic pressure. The measurement is repeated three times, and the data error is within 2 percent. Through density conversion, the ratio of the gallium-based liquid alloy column to the mercury column is 2.2: 1, the actual systolic and diastolic pressures measured were not 134 mm Hg and 76 mm Hg, respectively. Further through the comparison test of mercury sphygmomanometer, the data is accurate.

Therefore, the sphygmomanometer based on the gallium-based liquid alloy provided by the invention adopts a test principle similar to a mercury sphygmomanometer, utilizes a dual-cavity pressure control system to control pressure test with excellent precision, and is expected to directly replace the original mercury sphygmomanometer under the water guarantee constraint; in the embodiment, the accurate value is obtained by converting the height of the gallium-based liquid alloy column and the mercury column, and the comparison of the results shows that the measurement accuracy of the gallium-based liquid alloy column can be ensured, so that the gallium-based liquid alloy column can be directly used after calibration. In addition, the sphygmomanometer system is in a closed inert gas environment, oxidation is fully avoided, the gallium-basedliquid alloy 6 can be ensured to freely flow in theglass capillary 3 for a long time, and the testing accuracy is ensured. Meanwhile, a new blood pressure calibration method is introduced, reading convenience of the electronic sphygmomanometer and high accuracy of the mercury sphygmomanometer are collected, and the electronic sphygmomanometer is expected to be popularized better.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A sphygmomanometer based on a gallium-based liquid alloy, comprising:

a liquid metal chamber;

an arm ring;

a glass capillary tube;

a one-dimensional pressure cavity;

a pressure control chamber;

the liquid metal cavity is used for storing gallium-based liquid alloy, and an air pressure bag is arranged on the inner side of the arm ring and communicated with the liquid metal cavity through an air pipeline; the liquid metal cavity, the arm ring and the vent pipeline form a closed space;

the glass capillary is arranged along the vertical direction, the bottom end of the glass capillary is communicated with the liquid metal cavity, and the top end of the glass capillary is communicated with the pressure maintaining cavity; the pressure maintaining cavity is filled with a first inert gas, and the pressure of the first inert gas is equal to the atmospheric pressure;

the pressure control cavity is controllably communicated with the closed space, the pressure control cavity is filled with second inert gas, and the pressure control cavity enables the closed space to have at least two working states: an inflation pressurization state and an exhaust depressurization state;

the inflation pressurization state is that second inert gas is pressed into a closed space to press gallium-based liquid alloy into the glass capillary to form a gallium-based liquid alloy column; the air pressure bag in the arm ring is pressed on the arm extending into the arm ring under the inflation and pressurization state;

the exhaust depressurization state is that the second inert gas is slowly released, the pressure in the closed space keeps a balance state with the atmospheric pressure, the air pressure in the arm ring is reduced, and the gallium-based liquid alloy column in the glass capillary tube descends and reflows to enter the liquid metal cavity; the exhaust and pressure reduction state is used for measuring the blood pressure of the human body.

2. The gallium-based liquid alloy-based sphygmomanometer according to claim 1, wherein the pressure maintaining chamber has a volume capacity of V1, and the glass capillary has a volume capacity of V2, and V1 > 100V 2.

3. The gallium-based liquid alloy-based sphygmomanometer according to claim 1, wherein the pressure maintaining chamber is an elastic space with a variable spatial volume; the top end of the glass capillary tube is connected with an elastic membrane in a sealing mode, and the elastic space is formed by the elastic membrane through deformation caused by gas compression in the glass capillary tube.

4. The gallium-based liquid alloy-based sphygmomanometer according to claim 1, wherein the glass capillary has a diameter D1 and a height H1, such that D1 is 1mm or less and 5mm or less, and H1 is 300mm or less and 800mm or less.

5. The sphygmomanometer according to claim 1, wherein the upper limit of the pressure control chamber in the pressurization process to the closed space is such that the height of the gallium-based liquid alloy column formed by the gallium-based liquid alloy entering the glass capillary is H2, and when the height of the gallium-based liquid alloy column formed by the gallium-based liquid alloy entering the glass capillary in the inflation pressurization state in the human body blood pressure measurement is H3, then H2 is more than or equal to 300mm and less than or equal to 500mm, H3 is more than or equal to 300mm and less than or equal to 500mm, and H2 is more than H3 and less than or equal to H1.

6. The gallium-based liquid alloy sphygmomanometer according to claim 5, wherein the gallium-based liquid alloy is stored in the liquid metal cavity in an amount such that at least the height of the gallium-based liquid alloy column formed in the glass capillary tube in the inflated and pressurized state reaches a preset value H3.

7. The gallium-based liquid alloy-based sphygmomanometer according to claim 1, wherein a switch is disposed between the liquid metal chamber and the arm ring, and the switch is always closed in a non-application state of the sphygmomanometer.

8. The sphygmomanometer according to claim 1, wherein the rate of decrease of the gallium-based liquid alloy column in the glass capillary in the exhaust decompression state is 1-5 mm/min.

9. The gallium-based liquid alloy-based sphygmomanometer according to claim 1, wherein the gallium-based liquid alloy is a gallium-indium binary alloy, a gallium-tin binary alloy, a gallium-indium-tin ternary alloy or a doped alloy material; the doped alloy material is an alloy material which takes three elements of gallium, indium and tin as main elements and is liquid at room temperature.

10. A blood pressure calibration method, characterized in that the method is used for calibrating the blood pressure of the sphygmomanometer according to any one of claims 1 to 9 under the exhaust and pressure reduction state according to the movement rule of the gallium-based liquid alloy column in the glass capillary.

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