CN113100882A - Surgical knife - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a scalpel, comprising: the tool comprises a tool handle and a tool body, wherein the tool handle comprises a shell with a containing space, the containing space contains a first motor and a control module which are connected with each other, and the control module is connected with a key arranged on the surface of the shell; the tool rest is arranged on the tool handle, the first motor can drive the tool rest to rotate around the axis of the tool rest, and the tool rest is provided with a second motor connected with the control module; the cutter holder is hinged with the cutter frame, and the second motor can drive the cutter holder to rotate around the hinge shaft; and the blade is provided with a cutting edge and is arranged on the cutter holder. According to the scalpel, the angle of the blade is adjusted through the keys arranged on the surface of the scalpel handle, a doctor can quickly adjust the angle by himself or herself, and can adjust the angle with one hand, so that the time for replacing surgical instruments is greatly shortened, and the success rate of surgery is improved.

Description

Surgical knife

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of medical surgical instruments. And more particularly, to a scalpel.

Background

The scalpel is a special cutter consisting of a blade and a handle and used for cutting human or animal body tissues, and is an indispensable important surgical tool in surgical operations. The scalpel usually comprises blade and handle of a knife, and the blade usually has blade and the mounting groove of butt joint with the handle of a knife, and this type of scalpel blade is in same straight line with the handle of a knife, but needs the certain angle of blade rotation when cutting some operation position tissue, just can be convenient for the doctor to cut off the knife. Therefore, the blade of the scalpel is hinged with the scalpel handle at present, and the angle between the blade and the scalpel handle is adjusted through the mechanical code dividing disc, so that the discontinuous angle of the blade in a plane can be adjusted. In addition, there is a scalpel in which the angle between the blade and the handle is adjusted by means of a ball joint, but the locking mechanism for the ball joint is not reliable. The above two types of scalpels which mechanically adjust the angle between the blade and the handle of the scalpel limit the angle adjustment by the manufacturing process and cannot achieve ideal precision. In addition, patients are in anesthesia and blood loss states in the operation process, higher requirements are provided for the timeliness of the adjustment of the knife, and the two types of scalpels cannot be completed by one hand in the adjustment process and cannot rapidly adjust the angle of the knife blade.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a scalpel, which can rapidly and continuously adjust the position of a blade in a three-dimensional space by one hand.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a scalpel comprising:

the tool comprises a tool handle and a tool body, wherein the tool handle comprises a shell with a containing space, the containing space contains a first motor and a control module which are connected with each other, and the control module is connected with a key arranged on the surface of the shell;

the tool rest is arranged on the tool handle, the first motor can drive the tool rest to rotate around the axis of the tool rest, and the tool rest is provided with a second motor connected with the control module;

the cutter holder is hinged with the cutter frame, and the second motor can drive the cutter holder to rotate around the hinge shaft; and

the blade, the blade is equipped with the blade, just the blade set up in on the blade holder.

Optionally, the housing of the tool holder is substantially in the shape of an elongated cylinder, and the output shaft of the first motor extends to the outer side of the end of the housing to be connected with the tool rest.

Optionally, the tool holder is substantially cylindrical, one end of the cylindrical shape gradually transitions to a flat plate shape to form a first end portion, the other end of the cylindrical shape is a second end portion, one end of the tool apron is hinged to the first end portion, and an output shaft of the first motor is connected to the second end portion.

Optionally, the tool holder is arranged coaxially with the tool shank.

Optionally, the blade holder is of a plate-shaped structure, one end of the blade holder is hinged to the first end of the blade holder, the other end of the blade holder is provided with a fastening mechanism, and the fixing groove on the blade is connected with the fastening mechanism in a fastening manner.

Optionally, the second motor is arranged at the first end of the tool rest, an output shaft of the second motor is perpendicular to an output shaft of the first motor, and the output shaft of the second motor is connected with the tool apron.

Optionally, the number of the keys is four, and the keys are respectively used for controlling the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the first motor and the second motor.

Optionally, the four keys are respectively arranged close to the end part of the knife handle far away from the knife rest.

Optionally, the first motor is a coreless motor and the second motor is a disc motor.

Optionally, the first motor and the second motor are each a medical sterilizable motor.

Optionally, the control module includes a single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer controls the rotation angles of the first motor and the second motor respectively through pulse width modulation.

Optionally, the first motor and the second motor are respectively provided with an angle encoder.

Optionally, the surfaces of the tool shank and the tool holder are provided with a biocompatible silicone layer.

Optionally, a knurled texture is arranged on the surface of the silica gel layer.

Optionally, a rechargeable battery for supplying power to the first motor and the second motor is further accommodated in the accommodating space of the housing.

Optionally, the first motor, the second motor, and the connection between the key and the housing are sealed. The invention has the following beneficial effects:

the scalpel is characterized in that the first motor drives the knife rest to rotate around the axis of the scalpel, and the second motor is arranged on the knife rest and drives the knife rest to rotate around the hinge shaft between the knife rest and the knife rest, so that the knife blade arranged on the knife rest can rotate in a three-dimensional space by any angle. According to the scalpel, the angle of the blade is adjusted through the keys arranged on the surface of the scalpel handle, a doctor can quickly adjust the angle by himself or herself, and can adjust the angle with one hand, so that the time for replacing surgical instruments is greatly shortened, and the success rate of surgery is improved.

Drawings

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic of the structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows a partial schematic view of a first end of the inventive tool holder.

Detailed Description

In order to more clearly illustrate the invention, the invention is further described below with reference to preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Similar parts in the figures are denoted by the same reference numerals. It is to be understood by persons skilled in the art that the following detailed description is illustrative and not restrictive, and is not to be taken as limiting the scope of the invention.

Surgery can treat pathological conditions such as appendectomy, removal of cancerous tissue, etc., or repair of a ruptured organ, etc. In general, most surgical procedures fall into the category of open surgical procedures, in which a surgeon makes a long incision in the patient's body, introduces surgical instruments through the long incision, and observes the resection through the long incision, and the wounds formed by such procedures often require a long healing time and increase the risk of wound infection.

In recent years, with the progress of imaging technology, electronic devices, and robotics, minimally invasive surgery has become an increasing choice for surgeons, for example, minimally invasive surgery using endoscopic technology, in which a surgeon can observe internal images of a surgical site through an endoscopic camera. The endoscope is introduced into the operation position through a small incision, the operation instrument can enter the operation position from another small incision for operation, and the endoscope and the operation instrument can also be introduced simultaneously only through a single small incision. Because the incision of the endoscopic surgery is smaller, the wound healing time can be reduced, the hospitalization time can be shortened, and the infection risk of the surgery can be reduced at the same time.

When performing endoscopic surgery, a doctor operates a scalpel to perform operations such as excision by watching a surgical site through a display, and at the moment, the scalpel which is convenient for the doctor to quickly adjust the angle of the blade is needed. It will be appreciated that an endoscope is not the only means by which the internal tissues of a patient can be viewed, and that a physician may view the internal tissues by other means, such as an ultrasound system, a computed tomography scanner, a magnetic resonance imaging scanner, or the like.

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the scalpel of the present invention, which comprises ahandle 10, ablade holder 20, ablade holder 30 and ablade 40. Theknife handle 10 comprises ahousing 11, a containing space is formed in thehousing 11, afirst motor 12 and a control module are contained in the containing space, akey 13 is arranged on the surface of thehousing 11, and thefirst motor 12 and thekey 13 are respectively electrically connected with the control module.

Knife rest 20 sets up on handle of aknife 10, and the output shaft offirst motor 12 stretches out thecasing 11 outside and knife rest fixed connection, specifically, is equipped with the spline on the output shaft offirst motor 12, andknife rest 20 is equipped with the spline groove, and through the cooperation of spline and spline groove,first motor 12 can drive knife rest 20 rotatory around self axis. The output shaft of thefirst motor 12 may also be coupled to thetool holder 20 by other conventional mechanical coupling means, which will not be described in detail herein. Thetool holder 20 is provided with asecond motor 21.

Thetool apron 30 is hinged with thetool rest 20, an output shaft of thesecond motor 21 is connected with thetool apron 30, and thesecond motor 21 can drive thetool apron 30 to rotate around the hinged shaft.

A cutting edge is arranged on theblade 40, and theblade 40 is fixedly connected with thetool holder 30. Specifically, theblade 40 is provided with a mounting groove, and theblade 40 is fastened and inserted on thetool holder 30 through the mounting groove.

At least twobuttons 13 are provided for controlling the start and stop of thefirst motor 12 and thesecond motor 21, respectively. Specifically, thekey 13 is electrically connected to the control module, the control module is respectively connected to thefirst motor 12 and thesecond motor 21, when thekey 13 corresponding to thefirst motor 12 is pressed, thefirst motor 12 is started, when thekey 13 is released, thefirst motor 12 is stopped, when thekey 13 corresponding to thesecond motor 21 is pressed, thesecond motor 21 is started, and when thekey 13 is released, thesecond motor 21 is stopped. Since thefirst motor 12 drives thetool holder 20 to rotate about its axis, and thesecond motor 21 is provided on thetool holder 20 and drives thetool holder 30 to rotate about the hinge axis therebetween, theblade 40 provided on thetool holder 30 can rotate by any angle in a three-dimensional space. The angle of theblade 40 of the scalpel is adjusted by thekey 13 arranged on the surface of thescalpel handle 10, a doctor can quickly adjust the angle by himself or herself, and the angle can be adjusted by one hand, so that the time for replacing surgical instruments is greatly shortened, and the success rate of surgery is improved.

Referring further to fig. 1 and 2, thehousing 11 of thetool holder 10 is generally in the shape of an elongated cylinder, the free end of the output shaft of thefirst motor 12 is located outside one end of thehousing 11 and is connected to thetool holder 20, and thepush button 13 is located near the other end of thehousing 11. The cylindrical knife handle is convenient for a doctor to hold the scalpel, and the position of the key 13 is also convenient for the doctor to adjust the angle of the blade with one hand.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, thetool holder 20 is substantially cylindrical, one end of the cylindrical shape gradually transitions to a flat plate shape to form afirst end portion 22, the other end of the cylindrical shape is asecond end portion 23, an output shaft of thefirst motor 12 is connected with thesecond end portion 23, thetool shank 10 is coaxially arranged with thetool holder 20, and thefirst motor 12 drives thetool holder 20 to rotate around the axis. One end of thetool holder 30 is hinged to thefirst end 22, an output shaft of thesecond motor 21 is perpendicular to an output shaft of thefirst motor 12, and an output shaft of thesecond motor 21 is connected with thetool holder 30. Specifically, fig. 3 shows a partial schematic view of thefirst end portion 22 of thetool holder 20, thesecond motor 21 is fixedly disposed on thefirst end portion 22, an output shaft of thesecond motor 21 vertically penetrates thefirst end portion 22 and then is fixedly connected to thetool holder 30, and the output shaft of thesecond motor 21 can be connected to thetool holder 30 through a key fit.

Referring to fig. 2, the number of the fourbuttons 13 is four, and the four buttons are respectively used for controlling the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of thefirst motor 12 and thesecond motor 21, that is, twobuttons 13 respectively control the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of thefirst motor 12, the other twobuttons 13 respectively control the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of thesecond motor 21, and the fourbuttons 13 are respectively disposed near the end of thetool holder 10 on the side away from thetool holder 20. The arrangement of the fourkeys 13 is convenient to realize by the control of the ring finger and the little finger, and the thumb, the index finger and the middle finger are used for stable handle control of the scalpel, so that the structure is convenient for a doctor to press the keys with one hand to quickly rotate theblade 40 to a required angle.

Further, thefirst motor 12 is a coreless motor, which structurally breaks through the structural form of the rotor of the conventional motor and adopts a coreless rotor, also called a coreless rotor. The novel rotor structure completely eliminates the loss of electrical energy due to the formation of eddy currents in the core. Meanwhile, the weight and the moment of inertia of the rotor are greatly reduced, so that the mechanical energy loss of the rotor is reduced. The structure change of the rotor greatly improves the running characteristic of the motor, not only has the outstanding energy-saving characteristic, but also has the control and dragging characteristics which can not be achieved by the iron core motor. The coreless motor technology reduces volume, weight and heat generation, and is therefore an ideal choice for portable or small devices and similar applications.

Thesecond motor 21 is a disk motor, which is also called an axial permanent magnet motor, and has a compact structure, high efficiency and high power density. The axial dimension is small compared to a conventional electric motor disc motor, and therefore, as shown in fig. 3, thesecond motor 21 may be provided on the outer side surface of thetool holder 20.

Further, thefirst motor 12 and thesecond motor 21 are respectively medical sterilizable motors, and the two motors are respectively sealed structures so as to be conveniently isolated from the outside, so that the medical sterilizable motor can be repeatedly used after sterilization and adapted to the strict requirements of operations.

Furthermore, thefirst motor 12 and thesecond motor 21 are respectively provided with a 12-bit high-precision angle encoder, the control module comprises a MCU/51 single chip microcomputer which is matched with the encoder on the motor, the single chip microcomputer controls the positive and negative rotation of the motor through Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), the rotation angle correspondingly controlled by a single pulse can reach the precision of 0.08 degrees, the precision requirement is met, and therefore the purpose of adjusting the posture of theblade 40 is achieved through 4keys 13 distributed on the surface of the knife handle 10 by a single hand.

The common motor runs at a high speed under the working state, a speed reducer needs to be adopted to reduce the control rotating speed in order to obtain a low distribution speed, the rotating of two joints is adjusted at a low speed in the application scene of the scalpel, so that a proper angle is obtained, the size of the scalpel can be greatly increased by adopting a speed reducing mechanism, and the operation of a doctor is not facilitated. The invention applies PWM wave, outputs the PWM wave through the internal programming of the MCU/51 singlechip, and can achieve the purpose of speed reduction by controlling the duty ratio of the PWM wave of the output GPIO port, thereby avoiding the disadvantage of complex mechanical structure. And through the configuration of the control program, the proper control speed is adjusted according to the habit of each doctor, and then the rotating speeds of various adjusting blades can be adapted according to the use habits of different doctors. In addition, thefirst motor 12 and thesecond motor 21 are provided with a band-type brake, and when the motors stop rotating, the band-type brake locks the motor rotor, so that theblade 40 keeps a fixed angle and is not easy to change.

Furthermore, the surfaces of theknife rest 20 and the knife handle 10 are covered with biocompatible silica gel materials, silica gel layers are formed on the surfaces of theknife rest 20 and the knife handle 10 by the silica gel materials, the silica gel materials can be silicon rubber, butyl, acrylic ester, polyurethane and other anti-slip materials, the situation that the scalpel is difficult to hold after being splashed with blood is avoided, and the silica gel materials are provided with knurled textures, so that the holding damping feeling is further increased.

Furthermore, the joints of the keys 14 and theshell 11 and the joints of theknife handle 10 and theknife rest 20 are covered by a silica gel layer to realize a sealing effect, so that liquid is prevented from entering the shell from gaps, and the service life of the scalpel is prevented from being affected.

The scalpel of the present invention can supply power to thefirst motor 12, thesecond motor 21 and the control module through an external power cord, and can also supply power through a rechargeable battery. Specifically, a rechargeable battery is accommodated in thehousing 11, and a charging interface, such as a Micro USB interface, for charging the battery is provided on the surface of thehousing 11. The battery can be charged in a wireless charging mode, and the surface of the scalpel with the structure is not provided with an interface, so that the sealing performance of the scalpel is better.

It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other variations or modifications may be made on the basis of the above description, and all embodiments may not be exhaustive, and all obvious variations or modifications may be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (16)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种手术刀，其特征在于，包括：1. a scalpel, is characterized in that, comprises:刀柄，所述刀柄包括形成有容纳空间的壳体，所述容纳空间内收容有相互连接的第一电机和控制模块，所述控制模块与设置于所述壳体表面的按键连接；a tool handle, the tool handle includes a casing formed with an accommodation space, the accommodation space accommodates a first motor and a control module that are connected to each other, and the control module is connected to a button arranged on the surface of the casing;刀架，所述刀架设置在所述刀柄上，且所述第一电机能够驱动所述刀架围绕自身轴线旋转，所述刀架设有与所述控制模块连接的第二电机；a tool holder, the tool holder is arranged on the tool handle, and the first motor can drive the tool holder to rotate around its own axis, and the tool holder is provided with a second motor connected to the control module;刀座，所述刀座与刀架铰接，所述第二电机能够驱动所述刀座围绕铰接轴旋转；以及a tool holder, the tool holder is hinged with the tool holder, and the second motor can drive the tool holder to rotate around the hinge shaft; and刀片，所述刀片设有刃口，且所述刀片设置于所述刀座上。The blade is provided with a cutting edge, and the blade is arranged on the blade seat.2.根据权利要求1所述的手术刀，其特征在于，所述刀柄的壳体大致呈长圆柱型，所述第一电机的输出轴伸出到所述壳体端部的外侧与所述刀架连接。2 . The scalpel according to claim 1 , wherein the casing of the handle is substantially in the shape of a long cylinder, and the output shaft of the first motor protrudes to the outside of the end of the casing and the the knife holder connection.3.根据权利要求2所述的手术刀，其特征在于，所述刀架大致呈圆柱型，所述圆柱型的一端逐渐过渡到平板型形成第一端部，所述圆柱型的另一端为第二端部，所述刀座的一端与所述第一端部铰接，所述第一电机的输出轴与所述第二端部连接。3 . The scalpel according to claim 2 , wherein the knife holder is substantially cylindrical, one end of the cylindrical shape gradually transitions to a flat shape to form a first end, and the other end of the cylindrical shape is 3 . In the second end, one end of the knife seat is hinged with the first end, and the output shaft of the first motor is connected with the second end.4.根据权利要求3所述的手术刀，其特征在于，所述刀架与刀柄同轴设置。4. The scalpel according to claim 3, wherein the knife holder and the knife handle are arranged coaxially.5.根据权利要求3所述的手术刀，其特征在于，所述刀座为板状结构，且其一端与所述刀架的第一端部铰接，另一端设有卡扣机构，所述刀片上的固定槽与所述卡扣结构扣合连接。5 . The scalpel according to claim 3 , wherein the knife holder is a plate-like structure, one end of which is hinged with the first end of the knife holder, and the other end is provided with a buckle mechanism, and the The fixing groove on the blade is connected with the snap-fit structure.6.根据权利要求5所述的手术刀，其特征在于，所述刀架的第一端部上设有所述第二电机，所述第二电机的输出轴垂直于所述第一电机的输出轴，所述第二电机的输出轴与所述刀座连接。6 . The scalpel according to claim 5 , wherein the second motor is provided on the first end of the knife holder, and the output shaft of the second motor is perpendicular to the first motor. 7 . an output shaft, the output shaft of the second motor is connected with the tool seat.7.根据权利要求2所述的手术刀，其特征在于，所述按键的数量为四个，分别用于控制所述第一电机与第二电机的正、反转。7 . The scalpel according to claim 2 , wherein the number of the buttons is four, which are respectively used to control the forward and reverse rotation of the first motor and the second motor. 8 .8.根据权利要求7所述的手术刀，其特征在于，所述四个按键分别靠近所述刀柄远离所述刀架一侧的端部设置。8 . The scalpel according to claim 7 , wherein the four buttons are respectively disposed close to the ends of the knife handle on the side away from the knife holder. 9 .9.根据权利要求1所述的手术刀，其特征在于，所述第一电机为空心杯电机，所述第二电机为盘式电机。9 . The scalpel of claim 1 , wherein the first motor is a hollow cup motor, and the second motor is a disc motor. 10 .10.根据权利要求9所述的手术刀，其特征在于，所述第一电机和第二电机分别为医疗用可消毒的电机。10 . The scalpel according to claim 9 , wherein the first motor and the second motor are respectively sterilizable motors for medical use. 11 .11.根据权利要求1所述的手术刀，其特征在于，所述控制模块包括单片机，所述单片机通过脉宽调制分别控制所述第一电机、第二电机的旋转角度。11 . The scalpel according to claim 1 , wherein the control module comprises a single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip microcomputer controls the rotation angles of the first motor and the second motor respectively through pulse width modulation. 12 .12.根据权利要求11所述的手术刀，其特征在于，所述第一电机和第二电机上分别设有角度编码器。12 . The scalpel according to claim 11 , wherein angle encoders are respectively provided on the first motor and the second motor. 13 .13.根据权利要求1所述的手术刀，其特征在于，所述刀柄与刀架的表面设有生物兼容的硅胶层。13 . The scalpel of claim 1 , wherein a biocompatible silicone layer is provided on the surfaces of the handle and the blade holder. 14 .14.根据权利要求13所述的手术刀，其特征在于，所述硅胶层表面设有滚花纹理。14. The scalpel according to claim 13, wherein the surface of the silicone layer is provided with a knurled texture.15.根据权利要求1所述的手术刀，其特征在于，所述壳体的容纳空间内还收容有用于向所述第一电机和第二电机供电的可充电电池。15 . The scalpel according to claim 1 , wherein a rechargeable battery for supplying power to the first motor and the second motor is further accommodated in the accommodating space of the housing. 16 .16.根据权利要求1所述的手术刀，其特征在于，所述手第一电机、第二电机、以及所述按键与壳体的连接处均做密封处理。16 . The scalpel according to claim 1 , wherein the first motor, the second motor, and the connection between the button and the housing are all sealed. 17 .

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