CN113020643A - High-precision full-contact-surface chuck - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-precision full-contact-surface chuck, which comprises a main spindle box, a chuck assembly, a pull nail and a hydraulic device, wherein the main spindle box is provided with a hollow main spindle, one end of the main spindle is connected with the chuck assembly, the chuck assembly comprises a connecting disc, a tail disc, a middle disc, an outer disc, a tension spring and a spring chuck, the connecting disc, the tail disc, the middle disc and the outer disc are all annular and are sequentially connected, the tension spring is sleeved between the tail disc and the middle disc, one end of the tension spring is connected with the pull nail, the pull nail penetrates through the main spindle and is connected with the hydraulic device, the spring chuck is sleeved inside the outer disc, the tail of the spring chuck is clamped. According to the invention, the tension spring and the spring chuck are arranged in the chuck assembly, the tension spring is clamped with the spring chuck, so that workpieces with different sizes can be quickly replaced, and meanwhile, the hexagonal spring chuck is arranged, so that the contact area between the spring chuck and the workpieces can be increased, and therefore, the spring chuck is suitable for a high-speed cutting state, and the cutting precision is improved.

Description

High-precision full-contact-surface chuck

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of lathe fixtures, in particular to a high-precision full-contact-surface chuck.

Background

The lathe is a mechanical device for processing shaft workpieces, and the workpiece is clamped on a chuck in the using process, the workpiece is rotated along the axis at a high speed by using a main shaft of the lathe, and meanwhile, the workpiece is processed by using a cutter on the lathe. At present, the fixture of a lathe is difficult to realize that a workpiece is turned at a high spindle speed, so that the construction period is prolonged, the production efficiency is reduced, the reason is that the centrifugal force of the spindle is increased when the spindle rotates at a high speed, the clamping force of the fixture is reduced, the cutting precision is reduced, the machining risk is increased, the contact area between the existing fixture and the workpiece is limited, good concentricity is lacked, and the workpiece needs to be reworked easily. In addition, when workpieces of different diameters are produced, parts cannot be replaced quickly, and the time of each process is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-precision full-contact-surface chuck which can adapt to workpiece processing under the condition of high spindle rotation speed, is not influenced by centrifugal force and can realize quick assembly and disassembly of workpieces with different sizes.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a high-precision full-contact-surface chuck comprises a spindle box, a chuck assembly, a pull nail and a hydraulic device, wherein a hollow spindle is arranged in the spindle box, one end of the spindle is connected with the chuck assembly, the chuck assembly comprises a connecting disc, a tail disc, a middle disc, an outer disc, a tension spring and a spring chuck, the connecting disc, the tail disc, the middle disc and the outer disc are all annular and are sequentially connected, the tension spring is sleeved between the tail disc and the middle disc and comprises an integrally formed straight cylinder section, a conical cylinder section and a contraction section, one end of the conical cylinder section with a smaller diameter faces the contraction section, spring grooves penetrating through the conical cylinder section and the contraction section along an axis are uniformly processed in the middle of the straight cylinder section, a plurality of through grooves arranged along the axis are processed in the contraction section between the adjacent spring grooves, a clamping hook is processed in the outer wall of the contraction section, one end of the straight cylinder section, far away from the conical cylinder section, is in threaded connection with the pull nail, the pull nail penetrates, the processing of well dish inner wall has the pyramis with awl section adaptation, makes the awl section and the shrink section of extension spring tighten up, the collet chuck suit is inside outer dish, collet chuck afterbody processing have with trip complex draw-in groove, the one end processing that the well dish was kept away from to the outer dish has regular hexagon's oblique conical surface, and the less one end of oblique conical surface is towards the well dish, collet chuck's clamping part is the hexagon.

Collet chuck includes integrated into one piece's barrel portion and clamping part, barrel portion position circle, and the clamping part is hexagonal toper, and the middle part processing of clamping part has the clamping hole, the last processing of axis direction of following of clamping part has three springs that communicate with the clamping hole and passes the groove, and every spring crosses the edge that the aqueduct is located the clamping part is adjacent, excessive inslot installs the rubber pad, processing have on the barrel portion inner wall with the extension spring on the trip complex draw-in groove, processing has the pilot hole that three groups evenly set up on the terminal surface that barrel portion one end was kept away from to the clamping part, every group pilot hole is located between the aqueduct was crossed to adjacent spring, every group pilot hole comprises two blind holes.

Still include the clamping handle, the clamping handle is including supporting cover, fixed handle, fixed block, slider, movable handle, link structure, reset spring and staple, support cover one end and be connected with fixed handle, the other end is connected with the fixed block, the fixed block is kept away from and is processed the spout that has three even settings on the terminal surface of supporting the cover, all is provided with the slider that can slide in the spout in every spout, support the inside link structure who is connected with every slider that is equipped with of cover, it has movable handle to support cover middle part articulated, and movable handle keeps away from slider one end with link structure and is connected, and movable handle accessible link structure promotes that the slider is even opens, link structure outside cover is equipped with the reset spring of kicking block movable handle, install on the slider with the assembly hole aligned staple.

The connecting rod structure comprises a push rod and three sliding rods uniformly hinged on the outer wall of the push rod, and each sliding rod is connected with a corresponding sliding block.

The connecting disc is fixedly connected with the main shaft.

And one side of the main shaft box is provided with a motor, and an output shaft of the motor is connected with an input shaft of the main shaft box through a belt.

The high-precision full-contact-surface chuck provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the quick clamping device is characterized in that the chuck assembly is internally provided with the tension spring and the spring chuck, the tension spring is provided with the contraction section for hooking the spring chuck, the spring chucks with different specifications can be quickly replaced so as to quickly clamp workpieces with different sizes, and meanwhile, the hexagonal spring chuck is arranged and matched with the hexagonal outer disc, so that the contact area between the spring chuck and the workpieces can be increased, the spring chuck is suitable for a high-speed cutting state, the spring chuck is not influenced by centrifugal force in the high-speed cutting state, and the cutting precision is improved;

(2) through processing the pilot hole on collet chuck, the quick loading and unloading of collet chuck can be realized to the accessible clamping handle to realize the quick clamping to different specification work pieces, improve machining efficiency.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a chuck assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a tension spring provided in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a collet chuck according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a collet according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a clamping handle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1. a main spindle box; 11. a main shaft; 2. a chuck assembly; 21. a connecting disc; 22. a tail disc; 23. a middle disc; 231. a pyramid part; 24. an outer disc; 241. an oblique conical surface; 25. a tension spring; 251. a straight cylinder section; 252. a conical section; 253. a contraction section; 254. a spring slot; 255. a through groove; 256. a hook is clamped; 26. a collet chuck; 261. a barrel portion; 262. a card slot; 263. a clamping portion; 264. clamping holes; 265. a spring transition groove; 266. a rubber pad; 267. an assembly hole; 3. pulling nails; 4. a hydraulic device; 5. clamping a handle; 51. a support sleeve; 52. fixing a handle; 53. a fixed block; 531. a chute; 54. a slider; 55. a movable handle; 56. a connecting rod structure; 561. a push rod; 562. a slide bar; 57. a reset spring; 58. fixing nails; 6. an electric motor; 7. a belt.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or indirectly. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the high-precision full-contact-surface chuck provided by this embodiment includes a main spindle box 1, a chuck assembly 2, a rivet 3 and a hydraulic device 4, a motor 6 is disposed on one side of the main spindle box 1, an output shaft of the motor 6 is connected with an input shaft of the main spindle box 1 through a belt 7 to provide power for the main spindle box 1, a hollow spindle 11 is disposed in the main spindle box 1, one end of the spindle 11 is connected with the chuck assembly 2, the chuck assembly 2 includes a connecting disc 21, a tail disc 22, a middle disc 23, an outer disc 24, a tension spring 25 and a collet chuck 26, the connecting disc 21 is fixedly connected with the spindle 11, the connecting disc 21, the tail disc 22, the middle disc 23 and the outer disc 24 are all annular and sequentially connected, a hollow channel is formed in the middle portion of the connecting disc 21, the tail disc 22, the middle disc 23 and the collet chuck 26 are used for installing the tension, The taper cylinder section 252 and the contraction section 253, one end of the taper cylinder section 252 with a smaller diameter faces the contraction section 253, spring grooves 254 which penetrate through the taper cylinder section 252 and the contraction section 253 along the axis are uniformly processed in the middle of the straight cylinder section 251, a plurality of through grooves 255 which are arranged along the axis are processed on the contraction section 253 between the adjacent spring grooves 254, a clamping hook 256 is processed on the outer wall of the contraction section 253, one end of the straight cylinder section 251, which is far away from the taper cylinder section 252, is in threaded connection with a pull stud 3, the pull stud 3 passes through the hollow main shaft 11 and then is connected with a hydraulic device 4, the hydraulic device 4 is a hydraulic oil cylinder, the hydraulic device 4 pulls the tension spring 25 through the pull stud 3 to move in a channel in the connecting disc 21, the tail disc 22, the middle disc 23 and the outer disc 24, a taper part 231 which is matched with the taper cylinder section 252 is processed on the inner wall of the middle disc 23, so that the taper cylinder section 252 and the contraction section 253 of the tension spring 25 are tightened, and the clamping hook 256 on the contraction, the collet chuck 26 is sleeved inside the outer disc 24, a clamping groove 262 matched with a clamping hook 256 is processed at the tail of the collet chuck 26, a regular hexagonal oblique conical surface 241 is processed at one end, away from the middle disc 23, of the outer disc 24, a clamping portion 263 of the collet chuck 26 is hexagonal, the collet chuck 26 comprises a cylinder body portion 261 and a clamping portion 263 which are integrally formed, the cylinder body portion 261 is circular, the clamping portion 263 is hexagonal and conical and is matched with the oblique conical surface 241 on the outer disc 24, a clamping hole 264 is processed in the middle of the clamping portion 263, the collet chucks 26 can be multiple, the clamping holes 264 of each collet chuck 26 are different in size so as to adapt to processing of workpieces with different diameters, three spring transition grooves 265 communicated with the clamping holes 264 are processed on the clamping portion 263 along the axial direction, each spring transition groove is located on the adjacent edge of the clamping portion 263, the transition groove is internally provided with a rubber pad 266, the clamping part 263 has a damping effect when clamping a workpiece through the rubber pad 266, and can ensure a clamping force, the inner wall of the cylinder part 261 is provided with a clamping groove 262 matched with a clamping hook 256 on the tension spring 25, the clamping groove 262 is hooked by the clamping hook 256 on the tension spring 25, the collet chuck 26 can be driven to be matched with an oblique conical surface 241 on the outer disc 24 to clamp the workpiece, and simultaneously, the quick replacement of the collet chucks 26 with different calibers can be realized, when the replacement is carried out, the hydraulic device 4 enables the tension spring 25 to move towards the middle disc 23 through the pull nail 3, the contraction section 253 of the tension spring 25 is folded under the action of the conical part 231 of the middle disc 23, at the moment, the clamping hook 256 moves out of the clamping groove 262, the collet chuck 26 can be taken out to be replaced by the new collet chuck 26, three groups of uniformly arranged assembly holes 267 are processed on the end surface of one end, each set of assembly holes 267 is located between adjacent spring transition slots, each set of assembly holes 267 being composed of two blind holes.

As shown in fig. 6, in order to realize the quick replacement of the collet chuck 26, the quick replacement device further comprises a clamping handle 5, the clamping handle 5 comprises a support sleeve 51, a fixed handle 52, a fixed block 53, a slider 54, a movable handle 55, a connecting rod structure 56, a return spring 57 and a fixed nail 58, one end of the support sleeve 51 is connected with the fixed handle 52, the other end of the support sleeve 51 is connected with the fixed block 53, three sliding grooves 531 which are uniformly arranged are processed on the end surface of the fixed block 53 far away from the support sleeve 51, a slider 54 which can slide in the sliding groove 531 is arranged in each sliding groove 531, a connecting rod structure 56 connected with each slider 54 is arranged in the support sleeve 51, each connecting rod structure 56 comprises a push rod 561 and three sliding rods 562 which are uniformly hinged on the outer wall of the push rod 561, the push rod 561 moves in the support sleeve 51 along the vertical direction of the fixed block 53, each, the movable handle 55 is connected with one end of the connecting rod structure 56 far from the sliding block 54, the movable handle 55 can push the sliding block 54 to be uniformly opened through the connecting rod structure 56, the fixed nail 58 aligned with the assembly hole 267 is installed on the sliding block 54, when the movable handle 55 is used, the fixed nail 58 is inserted into the assembly hole 267, then the movable handle 55 is held to move towards the fixed handle 52, at this time, the movable handle 55 drives the push rod 561 to move towards the fixed block 53, when the fixed block 53 moves, the sliding rod 562 hinged on the push rod 561 is opened to push the sliding block 54 to be opened, at this time, the fixed nail 58 props open the assembly hole 267, the spring clamp 26 is fixed by using friction, then the spring clamp 26 in the outer disc 24 is replaced, the outer side of the connecting rod structure 56 is sleeved with the return spring 57 of the ejector block movable handle 55, the return spring 57 can be used for pushing the movable, at this time, the pull rod pushes the sliders 54 back into place through the slide rod 562, and it is noted that the position of the fixing pin 58 on each slider 54 is aligned with the position of the fitting hole 267 in the collet 26 in the unstressed state of the movable handle 55.

The using method of the invention is as follows:

when the clamping device is used, the rivet 3 is moved towards the chuck assembly 2 through the hydraulic device 4, at the moment, the rivet 3 pushes the tension spring 25 to move towards the outer disk 24, when the cone 231 of the middle disk 23 is contacted with the cone-shaped section 252 of the tension spring 25, the cone-shaped section 252 and the contraction section 253 of the tension spring 25 are folded under the action of the middle disk 23, then the corresponding collet chuck 26 is placed into the outer disk 24 of the chuck assembly 2 through the clamping handle 5, when the clamping handle 5 works, a worker inserts one end of the sliding block 54 with the fixing nail 58 into the assembly hole 267 of the collet chuck 26, then holds the movable handle 55 to move the movable handle 55 towards the fixed handle 52, the movable handle 55 pushes the push rod 561 to move towards the fixed block 53 in the moving process, the sliding rod 562 on the push rod 561 props the sliding block 54 open, after the sliding block 54 props open, the pushing force acts in the assembly hole 267 of the collet chuck 26, and clamps the collet chuck 26, then the collet chuck 26 is sent into the outer disc 24 and pushed towards the inside of the outer disc 24, after the collet chuck 26 is pushed to the right position, the barrel 261 of the collet chuck 26 is sleeved on the contraction section 253 of the tension spring 25, then the hydraulic device 4 drives the pull nail 3 to drive the tension spring 25 to move towards the reverse direction of the collet chuck 26, the cone-shaped barrel section 252 and the middle disc 23 are loosened during the overshoot of the movement of the tension spring 25, at this time, the contraction section 253 is not expanded under force, the hook 256 on the contraction section 253 hooks the slot 262 on the barrel section of the collet chuck 26, then the workpiece to be processed is put into the clamping hole 264 of the collet chuck 26, and the hydraulic device 4 is controlled to continue to drive the pull nail 3 to drive the tension spring 25 to move towards the reverse direction of the collet chuck 26, the hook 256 on the tension spring 25 hooks the slot 262 towards the inside of the chuck assembly 2, so that the collet chuck 26 moves towards the inside of the chuck assembly 2, during the movement of the collet chuck 26, the workpiece is clamped, then the workpiece is machined by the machine tool, and the rubber pad 266 is filled in the spring transition groove of the spring chuck 26 and has certain elastic deformation, so that the hexagonal spring chuck 26 can provide enough clamping force for the workpiece by matching with the hexagonal inclined conical surface 241, and the workpiece can be machined at high speed.

When the workpiece is replaced, thehydraulic device 4 pushes theblind rivet 3 to move a certain position towards thecollet chuck 26, so that the clampingpart 263 of thecollet chuck 26 is separated from the obliqueconical surface 241 of theouter disc 24, the machined workpiece is removed at the moment, a new workpiece is replaced, then thehydraulic device 4 reversely pulls theblind rivet 3, hooks the clampinggroove 262 on thecollet chuck 26 by using thehook 256 on thetension spring 25, drives thecollet chuck 26 to move inwards, clamps the clampingpart 263 of thecollet chuck 26 by using the obliqueconical surface 241 on theouter disc 24, and completes clamping of the workpiece again.

When thecollet chuck 26 is replaced, thehydraulic device 4 pushes theblind rivet 3 to move towards thecollet chuck 26, so that theconical cylinder section 252 of thetension spring 25 is in contact with theconical part 231 of themiddle disc 23, thecontraction section 253 of thetension spring 25 is folded, thehook 256 moves out of the clampinggroove 262 of thecollet chuck 26, a worker takes out thecollet chuck 26 on theouter disc 24 through theclamping handle 5 and replaces anew collet chuck 26, then thehydraulic device 4 moves reversely, thetension spring 25 is pulled through theblind rivet 3, so that theconical cylinder section 252 on thetension spring 25 is not stressed, thecontraction section 253 is expanded at the moment, and thehook 256 on thecontraction section 253 hooks the clampinggroove 262 on the replacedcollet chuck 26, and the replacement of thecollet chuck 26 is completed.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification and replacement based on the technical solution and inventive concept provided by the present invention should be covered within the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that structures or components illustrated in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, and descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques and procedures are omitted to avoid unnecessarily limiting the invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a high-accuracy full contact surface chuck which characterized in that: the tension device comprises a spindle box, a chuck assembly, a pull nail and a hydraulic device, wherein a hollow spindle is arranged in the spindle box, one end of the spindle is connected with the chuck assembly, the chuck assembly comprises a connecting disc, a tail disc, a middle disc, an outer disc, a tension spring and a spring chuck, the connecting disc, the tail disc, the middle disc and the outer disc are all annular and are sequentially connected, the tension spring is sleeved between the tail disc and the middle disc and comprises a straight cylinder section, a conical cylinder section and a contraction section which are integrally formed, one end of the conical cylinder section with a smaller diameter faces the contraction section, spring grooves penetrating through the conical cylinder section and the contraction section along the axis are uniformly processed in the middle of the straight cylinder section, a plurality of through grooves arranged along the axis are processed in the contraction section between the adjacent spring grooves, a clamping hook is processed on the outer wall of the contraction section, one end of the straight cylinder section, far away from the conical cylinder section, is in threaded connection with the pull nail, the, the processing of well dish inner wall has the pyramis with awl section adaptation, makes the awl section and the shrink section of extension spring tighten up, the collet chuck suit is inside outer dish, collet chuck afterbody processing have with trip complex draw-in groove, the one end processing that the well dish was kept away from to the outer dish has regular hexagon's oblique conical surface, and the less one end of oblique conical surface is towards the well dish, collet chuck's clamping part is the hexagon.

2. The high precision full interface chuck according to claim 1, wherein: collet chuck includes integrated into one piece's barrel portion and clamping part, barrel portion position circle, and the clamping part is hexagonal toper, and the middle part processing of clamping part has the clamping hole, the last processing of axis direction of following of clamping part has three springs that communicate with the clamping hole and passes the groove, and every spring crosses the edge that the aqueduct is located the clamping part is adjacent, excessive inslot installs the rubber pad, processing have on the barrel portion inner wall with the extension spring on the trip complex draw-in groove, processing has the pilot hole that three groups evenly set up on the terminal surface that barrel portion one end was kept away from to the clamping part, every group pilot hole is located between the aqueduct was crossed to adjacent spring, every group pilot hole comprises two blind holes.

3. The high precision full interface chuck according to claim 2, wherein: still include the clamping handle, the clamping handle is including supporting cover, fixed handle, fixed block, slider, movable handle, link structure, reset spring and staple, support cover one end and be connected with fixed handle, the other end is connected with the fixed block, the fixed block is kept away from and is processed the spout that has three even settings on the terminal surface of supporting the cover, all is provided with the slider that can slide in the spout in every spout, support the inside link structure who is connected with every slider that is equipped with of cover, it has movable handle to support cover middle part articulated, and movable handle keeps away from slider one end with link structure and is connected, and movable handle accessible link structure promotes that the slider is even opens, link structure outside cover is equipped with the reset spring of kicking block movable handle, install on the slider with the assembly hole aligned staple.

4. The high precision full interface chuck according to claim 3, wherein: the connecting rod structure comprises a push rod and three sliding rods uniformly hinged on the outer wall of the push rod, and each sliding rod is connected with a corresponding sliding block.

5. The high precision full interface chuck according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting disc is fixedly connected with the main shaft.

6. The high precision full interface chuck according to claim 1, wherein: and one side of the main shaft box is provided with a motor, and an output shaft of the motor is connected with an input shaft of the main shaft box through a belt.

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