Power plant boiler heat storage and carbon dioxide power generation integrated deep peak regulation system and methodTechnical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power generation of thermal power plants, and particularly relates to a power plant boiler heat storage and carbon dioxide power generation integrated deep peak shaving system and method.
Background
With the continuous development of economic society, the demand of energy is increasing day by day, the pollution of fossil energy is serious day by day, and the development of clean and renewable energy is imperative. By the end of 2019, the renewable energy power generation installation accounts for 40%, and the scale and the power generation capacity of the new energy installation are still further increased along with further adjustment of the energy structure. The power generation and heat supply of clean energy is encouraged nationwide, so that the thermal power plant inevitably develops the clean energy to give way, how to solve the problem of coordinated scheduling with the power generation of renewable energy sources and better enable the deep peak shaving of the thermal power plant to be the problem facing the thermal power plant at present. Clean, efficient and flexible operation becomes an important target for transformation development of the thermal power industry, and the market demand for flexible modification of the thermal power plant is continuously expanded.
At present, flexibility improvement of a thermal power plant mainly solves the problem that a heating power plant in the 'three north' area is insufficient in operation flexibility in a heating season, and improvement of peak shaving capacity of a heating unit is a main target of flexibility improvement. Domestic heat supply units are usually operated in a mode of 'fixing power by heat', and the operation mode limits the peak regulation flexibility of the heat supply units for meeting the requirements of heat users. The peak regulation flexibility of the heat supply unit can be increased by configuring the heat storage tank for the power plant to realize thermoelectric decoupling. At present, the flexibility peak regulation of a thermal power plant is realized in various forms, and the technologies and the schemes of fused salt heat storage, hot water tank heat storage, solid heat storage, phase change heat storage and the like are adopted.
The technical scheme of the flexibility transformation of the existing thermal power plant mainly comprises the following steps: firstly, increase unit heat supply ability, reduce unit output, mainly have steam turbine bypass heat supply technique, low pressure cylinder zero output heat supply technique and high back pressure heat supply technique etc.. Has strong peak regulation capability. But only can increase the low-load peak regulation capacity of the unit, and can not increase the top load capacity of the unit during the peak load, even the high-back-pressure heat supply transformation can reduce the top load capacity of the unit, and the method belongs to the flexible transformation technology of 'can not go up under the capacity'.
The second is an electric heating peak regulation technology, which converts the electric energy generated by the unit into heat energy for external heating, such as an electrode boiler technology and an electric boiler solid heat storage technology. The advantage does not need to reform transform steam turbine body equipment, and is less to normal operating influence. But has the defects of high investment and operation cost and is suitable for the requirement of the deep peak shaving market with higher initial benefit of the market.
And thirdly, a heat storage peak regulation technology, namely a peak regulation technology for storing steam heat energy in an energy storage medium, releasing the heat energy when needed and increasing the flexibility of the unit. When the power load is in a low valley, the boiler load and the output of the steam turbine are reduced, and when the power load is in a high peak, the top load capacity of the unit is enhanced. But still fails to achieve full flexibility peak shaving or operational goals. I.e., there is no flexible configuration and operation among heat sources, power sources, electrical loads, and thermal loads.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a power plant boiler heat storage and carbon dioxide power generation integrated deep peak regulation system and method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the integrated deep peak regulation system for the heat storage and the carbon dioxide power generation of the power plant boiler comprises the power plant boiler, a high-temperature flue gas heat exchanger, a low-temperature heat storage tank, a high-temperature flue gas heat exchanger, a high-temperature heat storage tank, a high-temperature heat storage steam heat exchanger, a steam turbine generator unit, a carbon dioxide heat exchanger, a low-temperature heat exchanger and a carbon dioxide turbine generator unit;
the flue gas pipeline that the power plant boiler draws links to each other with the shell side of high temperature flue gas heat exchanger, the output and the high temperature flue gas heat exchanger tube side below of low temperature heat accumulation jar are connected, the pipe side top of high temperature flue gas heat exchanger is connected to high temperature heat accumulation jar, the exit end of high temperature heat accumulation jar is connected to the pipe side entry of carbon dioxide heat exchanger, the pipe side exit linkage of carbon dioxide heat exchanger is to the pipe side entry of low temperature heat exchanger, the pipe side exit linkage of low temperature heat exchanger is to the input of low temperature heat accumulation jar, the shell side entry linkage of carbon dioxide heat exchanger is to the gas vent of carbon dioxide turbo generator set, the shell side exit linkage of carbon dioxide heat exchanger is to the entry of carbon dioxide turbo generator set, the shell side of low temperature heat exchanger is connected to the heat supply network return water, high temperature heat accumulation steam heat, the shell side outlet of the high-temperature heat storage steam heat exchanger is connected to a flue superheater arranged in a power plant boiler, the outlet of the flue superheater is connected to a steam inlet of a turbo generator set, a pipe side inlet of the high-temperature heat storage steam heat exchanger is connected with the low-temperature heat storage tank, and a pipe side outlet of the high-temperature heat storage steam heat exchanger is connected with the high-temperature heat storage tank.
Further, a shell side outlet of the high-temperature heat storage steam heat exchanger is connected to a flue superheater through a water feeding pump.
Furthermore, the steam outlet of the steam turbine generator unit is connected to the inlet of the feed pump through a condenser.
Further, the output end of the steam turbine generator unit is connected to an electric heating rod arranged in the high-temperature heat storage tank.
Further, the outlet end of the high-temperature heat storage tank is connected to the pipe side inlet of the carbon dioxide heat exchanger through a high-temperature heat storage pump.
Further, an exhaust port of the carbon dioxide turbo generator set is connected to a shell-side inlet of the carbon dioxide heat exchanger through a carbon dioxide pump.
Further, the outlet end of the low-temperature heat storage tank is connected to the tube side inlets of the high-temperature heat storage steam heat exchanger and the high-temperature flue gas heat exchanger through a low-temperature heat storage medium pump.
Further, the heat storage medium of the low-temperature heat storage tank adopts fused salt, heat conduction oil or heat conduction particles.
A method for integrating heat storage of a power plant boiler and carbon dioxide power generation to deeply adjust peak is characterized in that a flue gas pipeline led out from the power plant boiler is connected with the shell side of a high-temperature flue gas heat exchanger, the flue gas pipeline is discharged from the lower part of the shell side through heat exchange to heat a heat storage medium sent from a low-temperature heat storage tank, the heat storage medium is heated and then returns to the high-temperature heat storage tank for storage, meanwhile, the shell side of the high-temperature heat storage steam heat exchanger is connected with a steam extraction port of the turbo generator unit, the drained water subjected to heat exchange is connected to an inlet of a flue superheater, steam formed after passing through the flue superheater is communicated to a steam inlet of the turbo generator unit, a heat storage medium on the pipe side of the high-temperature heat storage steam heat exchanger is heated by the steam extracted from the turbo generator unit and then returns to the high-temperature heat storage tank, and the heat storage medium in the high-temperature heat storage tank sequentially passes through a carbon dioxide heat exchanger and a low-temperature heat exchanger to respectively and sequentially heat carbon dioxide of the carbon dioxide turbo.
Further, turbo generator set's output is connected to the electrical heating stick of setting in high temperature heat storage jar, high temperature heat storage jar utilizes the electric quantity that turbo generator set produced to supply power to the electrical heating stick, and the electrical heating stick heats the heat-retaining medium in the high temperature heat storage jar.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the independent electric field boiler is arranged beside the flue, so that the limitation of the heating surface of the existing thermal power plant boiler is overcome, the heat of the flue gas of the boiler can be absorbed to a great extent, and the heat load of the boiler and the electric load of a steam turbine are reduced. The heat storage medium is heated by the led-out smoke and then stored in the high-temperature heat storage tank. In addition, the steam extraction of the steam turbine generator unit can also be used for heating a heat storage medium to enter the high-temperature heat storage tank for heat storage; the stored heat can be used for heating the backwater of the heat supply network through the heat exchanger to generate steam to supply heat to the outside or supply heat to the outside as required, and when extra electric power is required, the supercritical CO can be heated through the heat exchanger by the heat stored in the high-temperature heat storage tank2The heat storage medium coming out of the high-temperature heat storage tank exchanges heat with carbon dioxide, and after the temperature is reduced, low-temperature heating steam is generated by the water heat exchanger, so that energy gradient energy utilization is realized, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.
The heat of the boiler flue gas can be utilized to the maximum extent by utilizing the invention, the heat storage material is adopted for heat storage by combining the steam extraction heat of the steam turbine, and the electric energy generated by the minimum steam flow of the steam turbine can be stored in the heat storage tank, so that the zero output of the unit is realized. Electricity can be generated by the stored heat and heat can be supplied. The power generation and heat supply of the steam turbine set and the power and heat utilization requirements of users are decoupled in time and space through heat storage. Meanwhile, the steam turbine unit can quickly recover the power generation capacity at any time according to the original operation mode.
Furthermore, the high-temperature heat storage tank can also be heated by the redundant electric quantity of the steam turbine generator unit, so that the electric quantity of the online machine is further reduced, the requirements on heat supply and heat storage can be met, the minimum through-flow of the steam turbine can be met, and the zero-output effect of the online machine can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep peak shaving comprehensive utilization system for boiler heat storage and carbon dioxide power generation in a thermal power plant.
Wherein, 1, a power plant boiler; 2. a flue superheater; 3. a turbo generator unit; 4. a condenser; 5. a feed pump; 6. an electrical heating rod; 7. a high temperature heat storage tank; 8. a high temperature heat storage pump; 9. a carbon dioxide heat exchanger; 10. a low temperature heat exchanger; 11. a low temperature heat storage tank; 12. a low temperature heat storage medium pump; 13. a high temperature heat storage steam heat exchanger; 14. a high temperature flue gas heat exchanger; 15. a carbon dioxide turbine generator set; 16. a carbon dioxide pump.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the deep peak shaving system integrating boiler heat storage and carbon dioxide power generation in a power plant heats a heat storage medium by using flue gas and steam in a thermal power plant, and then stores the heat storage medium in a high-temperature heat storage tank, and can generate and supply heat by using stored heat when needed. The heat storage device can completely decouple heat supply, power generation and a steam turbine generator unit in space and time, and can carry out flexible deep peak regulation.
The invention utilizes the flue gas pipeline led out from theboiler 1 of the power plant to be connected with the shell side of the high-temperature flue gas heat exchanger 14, and the flue gas is discharged from the lower part of the shell side through heat exchange. The medium sent from a low-temperature heatstorage medium pump 12 connected with the low-temperature heat storage tank 11 is heated, the outlet of the low-temperature heatstorage medium pump 12 is connected with the lower part of the tube side of a high-temperature flue gas heat exchanger 14, and the medium flows out from the upper part of the tube side through heat exchange. The heat storage medium is heated and then returns to the high-temperature heat storage tank 7 to be stored, and the upper side of the pipe side of the high-temperature flue gas heat exchanger 14 is connected with the high-temperature heat storage tank 7. And the shell side of the parallel high-temperature heat storagesteam heat exchanger 13 is connected with a steam extraction port of the turbo generator set, and the drain subjected to heat exchange is connected to a front pipeline of the water feed pump 5. The pipe-side heat storage medium is heated by steam extracted from theturbo unit 3 and then connected to the high-temperature heat storage tank 7. And the high-temperature heat storage tank 7 can also be heated by the electric heating rod 6 by utilizing the electricity generated by the steamturbine generator unit 3. One end of the electric heating rod 6 is connected with theturbo generator unit 3 and is simultaneously connected with the high-temperature heat storage tank 7. The inlet of thecarbon dioxide pump 16 is connected with the exhaust port of the carbon dioxide turbine generator set 15, the outlet of the carbon dioxide pump is connected with the shell side inlet of the carbon dioxide heat exchanger 9, and the shell side outlet of the carbon dioxide heat exchanger 9 is connected with the inlet of the carbon dioxide turbine generator set 15. The outlet of the high-temperature storage tank 7 is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature heat storage pump 8, and the inlet of the carbon dioxide heat exchanger 9 pipe side is connected with the outlet of the high-temperature heat storage pump 8. The outlet of the tube side of the carbon dioxide heat exchanger 9 is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger 10, and the outlet of the low-temperature heat exchanger 10 is connected with the low-temperature storage tank 11. The heat storage medium in the high-temperature heat storage tank 7 sequentially passes through the carbon dioxide heat exchanger 9 through the high-temperature heat storage pump 8 to respectively and sequentially heat the carbon dioxide conveyed by thecarbon dioxide pump 16 and the heat supply network backwater of the low-temperature heat exchanger 10.
Through setting up the utilization boiler heat of electric field boiler maximize, set up high temperature heat-retainingsteam heat exchanger 13 and utilize turbo generator set to take out the steam heat accumulation, utilize turbo generator set minimum flow electricity generation can not go to the net and heat the heat-retaining medium, realize that the heat is synthesized and is stored to can reach the zero effect of exerting oneself of unit, the heat-retaining medium can be fused salt, the conduction oil, other materials that can the heat-retaining such as heat conduction granule. Can be fluid, can also be solid particles, etc.; the steam extraction port can be any suitable place of the steam turbine generator unit body and the thermodynamic system, the heat storage can be used for partially or completely decoupling and independently generating electricity and supplying heat of the steam turbine generator unit from the external electricity and supplying heat, the two parts can also be flexibly matched for operation, the supercritical carbon dioxide turbine can generate electricity and can also be other electricity generating media, and the temperature parameters of the media can also be parameters of any other mode.
The following further details the embodiments of the present invention:
a flue gas pipeline led out from apower plant boiler 1 is connected with the shell side of a high-temperature flue gas heat exchanger 14, the flue gas pipeline is discharged from the lower part of the shell side through heat exchange, a heat storage medium sent from a low-temperature heat storage tank 11 is heated, the heat storage medium returns to the high-temperature heat storage tank 7 for storage after being heated, meanwhile, the shell side of a high-temperature heat storagesteam heat exchanger 13 is connected with a steam extraction port of aturbo generator unit 3, a drain water after heat exchange is connected to an inlet of a flue superheater 2, steam formed after passing through the flue superheater 2 is communicated to a steam inlet of theturbo generator unit 3, the heat storage medium on the pipe side of the high-temperature heat storagesteam heat exchanger 13 is heated by steam extracted from theturbo generator unit 3 and returns to the high-temperature heat storage tank 7, the heat storage medium in the high-temperature heat storage tank 7 sequentially heats carbon dioxide of, the heated carbon dioxide enters a carbon dioxide turbine generator set 15 to generate power, and steam generated by heating enters a heat supply pipeline.
The invention simultaneously utilizes the energy of flue gas, steam and electricity in different forms to heat the heat storage medium for heat storage and heat accumulation, and combines with the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation and heat supply to realize the gradient utilization of the energy of the thermal power plant and the deep peak regulation, and can reduce the on-grid electric quantity of the thermal power plant to zero and realize zero output of peak regulation of a unit while improving the energy utilization efficiency. Meanwhile, the flexibility of the lifting load of the thermal power plant is kept, and the requirement of a unit for fast peak regulation is met. And the steam turbine unit body does not need to be modified, so that the cost is saved, the energy utilization rate is improved, the deep peak regulation requirement of the unit is realized, and the flexibility, safety and economy of the unit are improved.