CN112914574B

Movatterモバイル変換

Info

Publication number: CN112914574B
Application number: CN202110332871.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 封靖
Original assignee: Beijing Luhe Hospital
Current assignee: Beijing Luhe Hospital
Priority date: 2021-03-29
Filing date: 2021-03-29
Publication date: 2022-09-27
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-29
Also published as: CN112914574A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for predicting fall risk, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and measuring the reaction time, recording the reaction time displayed by the timer and the reaction time under the condition that the contact area between the stressed position of the pedal and the pedal is not changed, measuring the reaction time for multiple times to obtain multiple groups of reaction time data and multiple groups of stressed positions, and obtaining reaction time scores and intersection position scores. And (4) determining the degree of dynamic vision regression to obtain a vision score value. And calculating according to the reaction time length score, the intersection position score and the vision score by the following method to obtain a predicted value, and judging the falling risk degree according to the predicted value. By comprehensively evaluating the reaction time prolonging factors, the balance ability and the visual disturbance factors, the falling risk can be reflected more comprehensively, the reaction time long score value, the intersection position score value and the vision score value have different weights, and the obtained result of predicting the falling risk has higher practicability and accuracy.

Description

Translated fromChinese

用于预测跌倒风险的方法及装置Method and apparatus for predicting fall risk

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及跌倒风险预测领域，更具体地，涉及一种用于预测跌倒风险的方法及装置。The present invention relates to the field of fall risk prediction, and more particularly, to a method and device for predicting a fall risk.

背景技术Background technique

跌倒是指突发、不自主的、非故意的体位改变，倒在地上或更低的平面上。跌倒不仅是导致擦撞、瘀肿，骨折等肢体受损，还会对心理造成恐惧，对于部分患有慢性疾病的人来说，跌倒还容易造成合并症导致死亡，对于部分老年人来说，跌倒导致的卧床时间过久还会造成褥疮、肺炎、泌尿道感染、血管栓塞、便秘，肠梗阻等并发症。因此，对跌倒的预防是很有必要的，现有技术中已经公开了采用传感器结合算法判断是否具有跌倒趋势，若具有跌倒趋势，则发出报警信号或是释放保护装置的技术方案。由于导致跌倒的因素有很多，包括认知功能障碍、反应时间延长、精神疾病、直立性血压、深感觉损害、平衡障碍、步态障碍、前庭功能损害、视觉障碍、肌力减退，环境因素等，其中部分因素可以通过量表评定或者检查发现是否存在异常，用于预测出跌倒的风险，便于及时做好防护并进行防跌倒康复治疗。A fall is a sudden, involuntary, unintentional change in body position, falling to the ground or a lower surface. Falls not only cause physical damage such as bumps, bruises, fractures, etc., but also cause psychological fear. For some people with chronic diseases, falls can easily cause complications and lead to death. For some elderly people, Long-term bed rest caused by falls can also cause complications such as bedsores, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, vascular embolism, constipation, and intestinal obstruction. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent falls. The prior art has disclosed a technical solution of using sensors combined with algorithms to determine whether there is a falling tendency, and if there is a falling tendency, an alarm signal is issued or a protective device is released. There are many factors that lead to falls, including cognitive dysfunction, prolonged reaction time, mental illness, orthostatic blood pressure, deep sensory impairment, balance disturbance, gait disturbance, vestibular dysfunction, visual disturbance, hypotonia, environmental factors, etc. , some of these factors can be assessed through the scale or checked to find out whether there is any abnormality, which can be used to predict the risk of falling, so as to facilitate timely protection and fall prevention rehabilitation.

因此，提供一种用于预测跌倒风险的方法及装置是亟待解决的问题。Therefore, it is an urgent problem to provide a method and apparatus for predicting the risk of falling.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种用于预测跌倒风险的方法及装置，用于预测跌倒风险的方法包括：In view of this, the present invention provides a method and device for predicting the risk of falling, and the method for predicting the risk of falling includes:

测定反应时间，包括，Determination of reaction time, including,

按动启动按钮，将启动信号同时传输至计时器和测试灯；Press the start button to transmit the start signal to the timer and test light at the same time;

所述计时器和所述测试灯同时接收所述启动信号，所述计时器开始计时，所述测试灯亮起；The timer and the test light receive the start signal at the same time, the timer starts timing, and the test light lights up;

当踏板受到压力时，所述踏板同时向所述计时器和所述测试灯传输停止信号，所述踏板包括多个阵列排布的压力传感器，所述压力传感器感受压力信号，将所述压力信号转化为电信号传输至处理终端；When the pedal is under pressure, the pedal simultaneously transmits a stop signal to the timer and the test light, the pedal includes a plurality of pressure sensors arranged in an array, the pressure sensors sense the pressure signals, and convert the pressure signals Converted into electrical signals and transmitted to the processing terminal;

所述计时器和所述测试灯同时接收所述停止信号，所述计时器终止计时，所述测试灯熄灭，所述处理终端根据所述电信号判断所述踏板的受力位置，记录所述计时器显示的反应时长及所述踏板的受力位置；The timer and the test light receive the stop signal at the same time, the timer stops timing, the test light goes out, the processing terminal judges the force position of the pedal according to the electrical signal, and records the The reaction time displayed by the timer and the force position of the pedal;

按动复位按钮，将复位信号传输至所述计时器；Press the reset button to transmit a reset signal to the timer;

所述计时器接收所述复位信号，所述计时器归零；the timer receives the reset signal, and the timer returns to zero;

与所述踏板接触面积不变的条件下，多次测定反应时间，得到多组反应时长的数据和多组受力位置；Under the condition that the contact area with the pedal is constant, the reaction time is measured multiple times, and the data of multiple groups of reaction time lengths and the multiple groups of stress positions are obtained;

求所述多组反应时长的数据的平均数，所述接触面积与所述多组受力位置交集的面积的比值；Calculate the average number of the data of the multiple groups of reaction time, the ratio of the contact area to the area of the intersection of the multiple groups of force positions;

根据所述多组反应时长的数据的平均数得到反应时长得分值，根据所述接触面积与所述多组受力位置交集的面积的比值得到交集位置得分值；The reaction duration score value is obtained according to the average of the data of the multiple groups of reaction durations, and the intersection position score value is obtained according to the ratio of the contact area and the area of the intersection of the multiple groups of force positions;

测定动态视力的退减程度，包括，Determination of dynamic visual acuity loss, including,

所述处理终端包括视力表，根据所述视力表进行静态视敏度检查，将静态视敏度检查结果所在行数记录下来作为第一结果；The processing terminal includes a visual acuity chart, performs static visual acuity inspection according to the visual acuity chart, and records the number of rows where the static visual acuity inspection result is located as the first result;

根据视力表进行动态视敏度检查，将动态视敏度检查结果所在行数记录下来作为第二结果；Carry out dynamic visual acuity test according to the eye chart, and record the row number of the dynamic visual acuity test result as the second result;

计算所述第一结果与所述第二结果差值的绝对值；calculating the absolute value of the difference between the first result and the second result;

根据所述第一结果与所述第二结果差值的绝对值得到视力得分值；Obtain a vision score value according to the absolute value of the difference between the first result and the second result;

根据所述反应时长得分值、所述交集位置得分值和所述视力得分值按照以下方法进行计算得到预测值：According to the reaction duration score value, the intersection position score value and the visual acuity score value, the predicted value is calculated according to the following method:

Z＝a％A+b％B+c％C；Z=a%A+b%B+c%C;

其中，Z为所述预测值，A为所述反应时长得分值，a％为所述反应时长得分值的权重，B为所述交集位置得分值，b％为所述交集位置得分值的权重，C为所述视力得分值，c％为所述视力得分值的权重；Wherein, Z is the predicted value, A is the response duration score value, a% is the weight of the response duration score value, B is the intersection position score value, and b% is the intersection position score value The weight of the score value, C is the visual acuity score value, and c% is the weight of the visual acuity score value;

根据所述预测值判断跌倒风险程度，包括，The degree of fall risk is determined according to the predicted value, including,

当所述预测值小于等于第一阈值时，判定为无跌倒风险；When the predicted value is less than or equal to the first threshold, it is determined that there is no risk of falling;

当所述预测值大于所述第一阈值且小于等于第二阈值时，判定为低度跌倒风险；When the predicted value is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, it is determined that the risk of falling is low;

当所述预测值大于所述第二阈值且小于等于第三阈值时，判定为中度跌倒风险；When the predicted value is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to a third threshold, it is determined that the risk of falling is moderate;

当所述预测值大于所述第三阈值时，判定为高度跌倒风险。When the predicted value is greater than the third threshold, it is determined that there is a high risk of falling.

优选地，根据所述多组反应时长的数据的平均数得到反应时长得分值按照以下方法计算：Preferably, according to the average of the data of the multiple groups of response durations, the response duration score value is obtained and calculated according to the following method:

当所述平均数小于250毫秒时，所述反应时长得分值为0；When the average number is less than 250 milliseconds, the response duration score value is 0;

当所述平均数大于等于250毫秒且小于300毫秒时，所述反应时长得分值为20；When the average number is greater than or equal to 250 milliseconds and less than 300 milliseconds, the response duration score is 20;

当所述平均数大于等于300毫秒且小于350毫秒时，所述反应时长得分值为60；When the average number is greater than or equal to 300 milliseconds and less than 350 milliseconds, the response duration score is 60;

当所述平均数大于等于350毫秒时，所述反应时长得分值为100。When the average number is greater than or equal to 350 milliseconds, the response time score value is 100.

优选地，所述根据所述接触面积与所述多组受力位置交集的面积的比值按照以下方法计算：Preferably, the ratio according to the contact area and the area of the intersection of the multiple groups of force positions is calculated according to the following method:

B＝(M-1)×100；B=(M-1)×100;

其中，B为交集位置得分值，M为所述接触面积与所述多组受力位置交集的面积的比值。Among them, B is the score value of the intersection position, and M is the ratio of the contact area to the intersection area of the multiple groups of force positions.

优选地，所述根据所述第一结果与所述第二结果差值的绝对值得到视力得分值按照以下方法计算：Preferably, the visual acuity score value obtained according to the absolute value of the difference between the first result and the second result is calculated according to the following method:

当所述绝对值小于3时，所述视力得分值为0；When the absolute value is less than 3, the visual acuity score value is 0;

当所述绝对值大于等于3时，所述视力得分值为100。When the absolute value is greater than or equal to 3, the visual acuity score value is 100.

优选地，所述反应时长得分值的权重、所述交集位置得分值的权重和所述视力得分值的权重满足以下关系：Preferably, the weight of the reaction duration score value, the weight of the intersection position score value and the weight of the vision score value satisfy the following relationship:

a％+b％+c％＝100％；a%+b%+c%=100%;

其中，a％为所述反应时长得分值的权重，b％为所述交集位置得分值的权重，c％为所述视力得分值的权重。Wherein, a% is the weight of the reaction duration score value, b% is the weight of the intersection position score value, and c% is the weight of the vision score value.

用于预测跌倒风险的装置，包括：Devices for predicting fall risk, including:

启动按钮，分别与计时器、测试灯耦接，用于将启动信号同时传输至所述计时器和所述测试灯；a start button, respectively coupled to the timer and the test light, for simultaneously transmitting the start signal to the timer and the test light;

复位按钮，与所述计时器耦接，用于将复位信号传输至所述计时器；a reset button, coupled to the timer, for transmitting a reset signal to the timer;

电源，与所述计时器耦接，用于向所述计时器提供电能；a power source, coupled to the timer, for providing power to the timer;

踏板，分别与所述测试灯、所述计时器和处理终端耦接，用于受到压力时，同时向所述计时器和所述测试灯传输停止信号；所述踏板包括多个阵列排布的压力传感器，所述压力传感器感受压力信号，将所述压力信号转化为电信号传输至所述处理终端；a pedal, which is respectively coupled with the test lamp, the timer and the processing terminal, and is used for simultaneously transmitting a stop signal to the timer and the test lamp under pressure; the pedal comprises a plurality of arrays of a pressure sensor, which senses a pressure signal, converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the processing terminal;

所述测试灯，分别与所述启动按钮、所述踏板耦接，用于接收所述启动信号控制所述测试灯亮起和接收所述停止信号控制所述测试灯熄灭；the test light, respectively coupled to the start button and the pedal, for receiving the start signal to control the test light to turn on and receiving the stop signal to control the test light to turn off;

所述计时器，分别与所述启动按钮、所述复位按钮、所述电源和所述踏板耦接，用于获取电能、接收所述启动信号控制所述计时器开始计时、接收所述复位信号控制所述计时器归零和接收所述停止信号控制所述计时器停止计时；The timer is respectively coupled to the start button, the reset button, the power supply and the pedal, and is used for acquiring electric energy, receiving the start signal to control the timer to start timing, and receiving the reset signal controlling the timer to return to zero and receiving the stop signal to control the timer to stop timing;

所述处理终端与所述踏板耦接，用于根据所述电信号判断所述踏板的受力位置；The processing terminal is coupled to the pedal, and is used for judging the force position of the pedal according to the electrical signal;

所述处理终端包括存储单元、视力表单元、参数计算单元和跌倒风险判断单元；The processing terminal includes a storage unit, an eye chart unit, a parameter calculation unit and a fall risk judgment unit;

所述存储单元，与所述参数计算单元耦接，用于记录所述计时器显示的反应时长及所述踏板的受力位置并传输至所述参数计算单元；the storage unit, coupled to the parameter calculation unit, is used to record the reaction time displayed by the timer and the force position of the pedal and transmit it to the parameter calculation unit;

所述视力表单元，与所述参数计算单元耦接，用于根据所述视力表单元进行静态视敏度检查和动态视敏度检查，将静态视敏度检查结果所在行数记录下来作为第一结果，将动态视敏度检查结果所在行数记录下来作为第二结果，将所述第一结果和所述第二结果传输至所述参数计算单元；The eye chart unit, coupled with the parameter calculation unit, is used to perform static visual acuity inspection and dynamic visual acuity inspection according to the eye chart unit, and record the number of rows where the static visual acuity inspection result is located as the first As a result, the number of rows where the dynamic visual acuity test result is located is recorded as the second result, and the first result and the second result are transmitted to the parameter calculation unit;

所述参数计算单元，分别与所述存储单元、所述视力表单元和所述跌倒风险判断单元耦接，用于根据所述计时器显示的反应时长得到反应时长得分值、根据所述接触面积与所述踏板的受力位置的面积的比值得到交集位置得分值和计算所述第一结果与所述第二结果差值的绝对值，根据所述第一结果与所述第二结果差值的绝对值得到视力得分值，将所述反应时长得分值、所述交集位置得分值和视力得分值传输至所述跌倒风险判断单元；The parameter calculation unit is respectively coupled to the storage unit, the eye chart unit and the fall risk judging unit, and is used to obtain a response duration score value according to the response duration displayed by the timer, and to obtain a response duration score value according to the contact duration. The ratio of the area to the area of the force-bearing position of the pedal is obtained to obtain the score value of the intersection position and the absolute value of the difference between the first result and the second result, according to the first result and the second result. The absolute value of the difference obtains the visual acuity score value, and transmits the reaction duration score value, the intersection position score value and the visual acuity score value to the fall risk judgment unit;

所述跌倒风险判断单元，与所述参数计算单元耦接，用于根据所述反应时长得分值、所述交集位置得分值和所述视力得分值按照以下方法进行计算得到预测值：The fall risk judgment unit, coupled to the parameter calculation unit, is configured to calculate the predicted value according to the reaction duration score value, the intersection position score value and the vision score value according to the following method:

Z＝a％A+b％B+c％C；Z=a%A+b%B+c%C;

优选地，还包括摄像头，所述摄像头的拍摄范围覆盖所述计时器和所述踏板，用于对测定反应时间的过程进行视频记录，纠正所述计时器显示的反应时长的毫秒误差。Preferably, it also includes a camera, the shooting range of the camera covers the timer and the pedal, and is used for video recording the process of measuring the reaction time, and correcting the millisecond error of the reaction time displayed by the timer.

优选地，还包括栅栏，所述栅栏围绕所述踏板。Preferably, a fence is also included, the fence surrounding the tread.

与现有技术相比，本发明提供的用于预测跌倒风险的方法及装置，至少实现了如下的有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the method and device for predicting the risk of falling provided by the present invention achieve at least the following beneficial effects:

1、本发明提供的用于预测跌倒风险的方法及装置根据反应时长得分值、交集位置得分值和视力得分值进行计算得到预测值，是对反应时间延长因素、平衡能力和视觉障碍因素进行综合评定，能够更加全面的反映出跌倒风险，并且反应时长得分值、交集位置得分值和视力得分值具有不同权重是对计算预测值的优化，得到的预测跌倒风险的结果更加具有实用性和准确性。1. The method and device for predicting the risk of falling provided by the present invention calculate and obtain the predicted value according to the score value of the reaction time, the score value of the intersection position and the score value of vision, which is the response time prolonging factor, balance ability and visual impairment. The comprehensive evaluation of factors can reflect the fall risk more comprehensively, and the response time score value, intersection position score value and vision score value have different weights. Practical and accurate.

2、本发明提供的用于预测跌倒风险的方法及装置中的踏板包括多个阵列排布的压力传感器，不但能精准地感受到压力给出停止信号，使计时器显示的反应时间更加准确，还能根据感受到的压力信号反映出受力位置，提供了衡量平衡能力的数据。2. The pedal in the method and device for predicting the risk of falling provided by the present invention includes a plurality of pressure sensors arranged in an array, which can not only accurately sense the pressure and give a stop signal, but also make the response time displayed by the timer more accurate, It can also reflect the force position according to the pressure signal felt, providing data to measure the balance ability.

3、本发明提供的用于预测跌倒风险的方法及装置设置测试灯，测试灯亮起相当于开始信号，根据灯光指示启动动作反应，得到的反应时间更加真实，误差小。3. The method and device for predicting the risk of falling provided by the present invention are provided with a test light, and the test light is turned on as a start signal, and the action response is started according to the light indication, and the obtained reaction time is more realistic and the error is small.

当然，实施本发明的任一产品必不特定需要同时达到以上所述的所有技术效果。Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the above-mentioned technical effects at the same time.

通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

附图说明Description of drawings

被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.

图1是本发明提供的一种用于预测跌倒风险的方法的流程图；1 is a flowchart of a method for predicting a fall risk provided by the present invention;

图2是本发明提供的一种用于预测跌倒风险的装置的结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for predicting a fall risk provided by the present invention;

201-启动按钮，202-复位按钮，203-电源，204-踏板，205-测试灯，206-计时器，207-处理终端，208-存储单元，209-视力表单元，210-参数计算单元，211-跌倒风险判断单元。201-start button, 202-reset button, 203-power, 204-pedal, 205-test light, 206-timer, 207-processing terminal, 208-storage unit, 209-eye chart unit, 210-parameter calculation unit, 211 - Fall Risk Judgment Unit.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the relative arrangement of components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention unless specifically stated otherwise.

以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.

对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of the specification.

在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as illustrative only and not limiting. Accordingly, other instances of the exemplary embodiment may have different values.

应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。It should be noted that like numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further discussion in subsequent figures.

实施例1Example 1

以下结合图1说明本发明所述的用于预测跌倒风险的方法的一种具体的实施例，包括以下步骤：A specific embodiment of the method for predicting a fall risk according to the present invention is described below with reference to FIG. 1 , including the following steps:

S101、测定反应时间，包括，S101, measuring the reaction time, including,

S1011、按动启动按钮，将启动信号同时传输至计时器和测试灯；S1011. Press the start button to transmit the start signal to the timer and the test light at the same time;

S1012、计时器和测试灯同时接收启动信号，计时器开始计时，测试灯亮起；测试灯亮起相当于开始信号，根据灯光指示启动动作反应，得到的反应时间更加真实，误差小。S1012 , the timer and the test light simultaneously receive the start signal, the timer starts timing, and the test light lights up; the test light lights up is equivalent to the start signal, and the action response is started according to the light indication, and the obtained reaction time is more realistic and the error is small.

S1013、当踏板受到压力时，踏板同时向计时器和测试灯传输停止信号，踏板包括多个阵列排布的压力传感器，压力传感器感受压力信号，将压力信号转化为电信号传输至处理终端；多个阵列排布的压力传感器，不但能精准地感受到压力给出停止信号，使计时器显示的反应时间更加准确，还能根据感受到的压力信号反映出受力位置，提供了衡量平衡能力的数据。S1013, when the pedal is under pressure, the pedal simultaneously transmits a stop signal to the timer and the test light, the pedal includes a plurality of pressure sensors arranged in an array, the pressure sensors sense the pressure signal, convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal and transmit it to the processing terminal; The pressure sensors arranged in an array can not only accurately sense the pressure and give a stop signal, making the response time displayed by the timer more accurate, but also reflect the force position according to the sensed pressure signal, providing a measure of balance ability. data.

S1014、计时器和测试灯同时接收停止信号，计时器终止计时，测试灯熄灭，处理终端根据电信号判断踏板的受力位置，记录计时器显示的反应时长及踏板的受力位置；S1014, the timer and the test light receive a stop signal at the same time, the timer stops timing, the test light goes out, and the processing terminal judges the force position of the pedal according to the electrical signal, and records the reaction time displayed by the timer and the force position of the pedal;

S102、按动复位按钮，将复位信号传输至计时器；S102. Press the reset button to transmit the reset signal to the timer;

S103、计时器接收复位信号，计时器归零；设置复位按钮控制计时器归零，便于多次进行测定反应时长。S103, the timer receives the reset signal, and the timer returns to zero; the reset button is set to control the timer to return to zero, so as to measure the response time multiple times.

S104、与踏板接触面积不变的条件下，多次测定反应时间，得到多组反应时长的数据和多组受力位置；S104, under the condition that the contact area with the pedal remains unchanged, the reaction time is measured multiple times to obtain multiple sets of data of the response time and multiple sets of stress positions;

S105、求多组反应时长的数据的平均数，接触面积与多组受力位置交集的面积的比值；使用平均数和受力位置的交集使得结果更具有普遍性。S105. Calculate the average of the data of the multiple groups of reaction time, and the ratio of the contact area to the area of the intersection of the multiple groups of stress positions; using the mean and the intersection of the stress positions makes the result more general.

S106、根据多组反应时长的数据的平均数得到反应时长得分值，根据接触面积与多组受力位置交集的面积的比值得到交集位置得分值；S106, obtaining the score value of the response duration according to the average of the data of the multiple groups of response durations, and obtaining the score value of the intersection position according to the ratio of the contact area to the area of the intersection of the multiple groups of stress positions;

在步骤S106中还包括，根据多组反应时长的数据的平均数得到反应时长得分值按照以下方法计算：In step S106, it also includes, according to the average number of the data of multiple groups of reaction durations, the response duration score value is obtained and calculated according to the following method:

当平均数小于250毫秒时，反应时长得分值为0；When the average is less than 250 milliseconds, the response time score is 0;

当平均数大于等于250毫秒且小于300毫秒时，反应时长得分值为20；When the average number is greater than or equal to 250 milliseconds and less than 300 milliseconds, the response time score is 20;

当平均数大于等于300毫秒且小于350毫秒时，反应时长得分值为60；When the average is greater than or equal to 300 milliseconds and less than 350 milliseconds, the response time score is 60;

当平均数大于等于350毫秒时，反应时长得分值为100。When the average is greater than or equal to 350 milliseconds, the response time is scored as 100.

根据接触面积与多组受力位置交集的面积的比值得到交集位置得分值按照以下方法计算：According to the ratio of the contact area to the area of the intersection of multiple groups of force positions, the score of the intersection position is obtained and calculated according to the following method:

B＝(M-1)×100；B=(M-1)×100;

其中，B为交集位置得分值，M为接触面积与多组受力位置交集的面积的比值，

S为接触面积，m为多组受力位置交集的面积。Among them, B is the score value of the intersection position, M is the ratio of the contact area to the area of the intersection of multiple groups of force positions,

S is the contact area, and m is the intersection area of multiple groups of force positions.

S107、测定动态视力的退减程度，包括，S107. Determining the decline degree of dynamic vision, including,

S1071、处理终端包括视力表，根据视力表进行静态视敏度检查，将静态视敏度检查结果所在行数记录下来作为第一结果；S1071. The processing terminal includes an eye chart, performs static visual acuity inspection according to the eye chart, and records the number of rows where the static visual acuity inspection result is located as the first result;

S1072、根据视力表进行动态视敏度检查，将动态视敏度检查结果所在行数记录下来作为第二结果；S1072, performing a dynamic visual acuity test according to the eye chart, and recording the number of rows where the dynamic visual acuity test result is located as the second result;

S108、计算第一结果与第二结果差值的绝对值；S108, calculating the absolute value of the difference between the first result and the second result;

S109、根据第一结果与第二结果差值的绝对值得到视力得分值；S109, obtaining a vision score value according to the absolute value of the difference between the first result and the second result;

在步骤S109中还包括，根据第一结果与第二结果差值的绝对值得到视力得分值按照以下方法计算：In step S109, it also includes, according to the absolute value of the difference between the first result and the second result, the visual acuity score value is obtained and calculated according to the following method:

当绝对值小于3时，视力得分值为0；When the absolute value is less than 3, the visual acuity score value is 0;

当绝对值大于等于3时，视力得分值为100。When the absolute value is greater than or equal to 3, the visual acuity score value is 100.

S110、根据反应时长得分值、交集位置得分值和视力得分值按照以下方法进行计算得到预测值：S110. Calculate the predicted value according to the score value of the reaction time, the score value of the intersection position, and the score value of the visual acuity according to the following method:

Z＝a％A+b％B+c％C；Z=a%A+b%B+c%C;

其中，Z为预测值，A为反应时长得分值，a％为反应时长得分值的权重，B为交集位置得分值，b％为交集位置得分值的权重，C为视力得分值，c％为视力得分值的权重；Among them, Z is the predicted value, A is the response time score value, a% is the weight of the response time score value, B is the intersection position score value, b% is the weight of the intersection position score value, and C is the visual acuity score. value, c% is the weight of the visual acuity score value;

根据反应时长得分值、交集位置得分值和视力得分值进行计算得到预测值，是对反应时间延长因素、平衡能力和视觉障碍因素进行综合评定，能够更加全面的反映出跌倒风险。The predicted value is calculated according to the score of reaction time, the score of intersection position and the score of visual acuity.

在步骤S110中，反应时长得分值的权重、交集位置得分值的权重和视力得分值的权重满足以下关系：In step S110, the weight of the response duration score value, the weight of the intersection position score value, and the weight of the vision score value satisfy the following relationship:

a％+b％+c％＝100％；a%+b%+c%=100%;

其中，a％为反应时长得分值的权重，b％为交集位置得分值的权重，c％为视力得分值的权重。Among them, a% is the weight of the response time score value, b% is the weight of the intersection position score value, and c% is the weight of the vision score value.

反应时长得分值、交集位置得分值和视力得分值具有不同权重是对计算预测值的优化，得到的预测跌倒风险的结果更加具有实用性和准确性The response time score value, intersection position score value and vision score value have different weights, which is the optimization of the calculated prediction value, and the result of predicting the risk of falling is more practical and accurate.

S111、根据预测值判断跌倒风险程度，包括，S111. Determine the degree of fall risk according to the predicted value, including:

当预测值小于等于第一阈值时，判定为无跌倒风险；When the predicted value is less than or equal to the first threshold, it is determined that there is no risk of falling;

当预测值大于第一阈值且小于等于第二阈值时，判定为低度跌倒风险；When the predicted value is greater than the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, it is determined that the risk of falling is low;

当预测值大于第二阈值且小于等于第三阈值时，判定为中度跌倒风险；When the predicted value is greater than the second threshold and less than or equal to the third threshold, it is determined that the risk of falling is moderate;

当预测值大于第三阈值时，判定为高度跌倒风险。When the predicted value is greater than the third threshold, it is determined that the risk of falling is high.

以下结合图2说明本发明所述的用于预测跌倒风险的装置的一种具体的实施例。A specific embodiment of the apparatus for predicting the risk of falling according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 2 .

实施例2Example 2

此为本发明所述的用于预测跌倒风险的装置的一种具体的实施例，包括：This is a specific embodiment of the device for predicting the risk of falling according to the present invention, including:

启动按钮201，分别与计时器206、测试灯205耦接，用于将启动信号同时传输至计时器206和测试灯205；Thestart button 201 is respectively coupled to thetimer 206 and thetest light 205 for transmitting the start signal to thetimer 206 and thetest light 205 at the same time;

复位按钮202，与计时器206耦接，用于将复位信号传输至计时器206；复位按钮202能够使计时器206复位，回到清零状态，便于下一次测定反应时长。Thereset button 202, coupled to thetimer 206, is used to transmit a reset signal to thetimer 206; thereset button 202 can reset thetimer 206 and return to the reset state, which is convenient for measuring the response time next time.

电源203，与计时器206耦接，用于向计时器206提供电能；apower supply 203, coupled to thetimer 206, for supplying power to thetimer 206;

踏板204，分别与测试灯205、计时器206和处理终端207耦接，用于受到压力时，同时向计时器206和测试灯205传输停止信号；踏板204包括多个阵列排布的压力传感器(图中未示出)，压力传感器感受压力信号，将压力信号转化为电信号传输至处理终端207；多个阵列排布的压力传感器，不但能精准地感受到压力给出停止信号，使计时器206显示的反应时间更加准确，还能根据感受到的压力信号反映出受力位置，提供了衡量平衡能力的数据。Thepedal 204 is respectively coupled to thetest light 205, thetimer 206 and theprocessing terminal 207, and is used for simultaneously transmitting a stop signal to thetimer 206 and thetest light 205 when subjected to pressure; thepedal 204 includes a plurality of pressure sensors arranged in an array ( (not shown in the figure), the pressure sensor senses the pressure signal, converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to theprocessing terminal 207; the pressure sensors arranged in a plurality of arrays can not only accurately sense the pressure and give a stop signal, so that the timer can be stopped. The reaction time displayed by 206 is more accurate, and it can also reflect the force position according to the pressure signal felt, providing data to measure the balance ability.

踏板204中多个阵列排布的压力传感器中，任意两个相邻的压力传感器的距离为4毫米，这样设置不会使相邻的压力传感器之间发生干扰，同时增大多个压力传感器覆盖踏板的面积。Among the pressure sensors arranged in a plurality of arrays in thepedal 204, the distance between any two adjacent pressure sensors is 4 mm, so the setting will not cause interference between the adjacent pressure sensors, and at the same time, the multiple pressure sensors cover the pedal. area.

检测压力传感器是否处于不断变化状态也可作为附加分用于得到预测值判断跌倒风险程度。在踩踏踏板204时，踏板204上的压力传感器能感受到压力信号，可将脚掌放在踏板204上，检测同一压力传感器的压力信号是否处于不断变化的状态，若同一传感器的压力信号不断变化，则附加分为10分；若同一传感器的压力信号保持稳定，则附加分为0分。Detecting whether the pressure sensor is in a constantly changing state can also be used as an additional point to obtain the predicted value to determine the degree of fall risk. When stepping on thepedal 204, the pressure sensor on thepedal 204 can feel the pressure signal, and the sole of the foot can be placed on thepedal 204 to detect whether the pressure signal of the same pressure sensor is in a state of constant change. If the pressure signal of the same sensor is constantly changing, The additional score is 10 points; if the pressure signal of the same sensor remains stable, the additional score is 0 points.

测试灯205，分别与启动按钮201、踏板204耦接，用于接收启动信号控制测试灯205亮起和接收停止信号控制测试灯205熄灭；测试灯205亮起相当于开始信号，根据灯光指示启动动作反应，得到的反应时间更加真实，误差小。Thetest light 205 is respectively coupled to thestart button 201 and thepedal 204, and is used to receive the start signal to control thetest light 205 to light up and to receive the stop signal to control thetest light 205 to turn off; Action response, the reaction time obtained is more realistic and the error is small.

计时器206，分别与启动按钮201、复位按钮202、电源203和踏板204耦接，用于获取电能、接收启动信号控制计时器206开始计时、接收复位信号控制计时器206归零和接收停止信号控制计时器206停止计时；计时器206显示的反应时长精确到毫秒。Thetimer 206 is respectively coupled with thestart button 201, thereset button 202, thepower source 203 and thepedal 204, and is used for obtaining electric energy, receiving the start signal to control thetimer 206 to start timing, receiving the reset signal to control thetimer 206 to return to zero and receiving the stop signal Control thetimer 206 to stop timing; the response time displayed by thetimer 206 is accurate to milliseconds.

处理终端207与踏板204耦接，用于根据电信号判断踏板204的受力位置；Theprocessing terminal 207 is coupled to thepedal 204, and is used for judging the stress position of the pedal 204 according to the electric signal;

处理终端207包括存储单元208、视力表单元209、参数计算单元210和跌倒风险判断单元211；Theprocessing terminal 207 includes astorage unit 208, aneye chart unit 209, aparameter calculation unit 210 and a fallrisk determination unit 211;

存储单元208，与参数计算单元210耦接，用于记录计时器206显示的反应时长及踏板204的受力位置并传输至参数计算单元210；Thestorage unit 208, coupled with theparameter calculation unit 210, is used to record the reaction time displayed by thetimer 206 and the force position of thepedal 204 and transmit them to theparameter calculation unit 210;

视力表单元209，与参数计算单元210耦接，用于根据视力表单元209进行静态视敏度检查和动态视敏度检查，将静态视敏度检查结果所在行数记录下来作为第一结果，将动态视敏度检查结果所在行数记录下来作为第二结果，将第一结果和第二结果传输至参数计算单元210；The visualacuity table unit 209 is coupled to theparameter calculation unit 210, and is used for performing static visual acuity inspection and dynamic visual acuity inspection according to the visualacuity table unit 209, and records the number of rows where the static visual acuity inspection result is located as the first result, Record the number of rows where the dynamic visual acuity test result is located as the second result, and transmit the first result and the second result to theparameter calculation unit 210;

参数计算单元210，分别与存储单元208、视力表单元209和跌倒风险判断单元211耦接，用于根据计时器206显示的反应时长得到反应时长得分值、根据接触面积与踏板204的受力位置的比值得到交集位置得分值和计算第一结果与第二结果差值的绝对值，根据第一结果与第二结果差值的绝对值得到视力得分值，将反应时长得分值、交集位置得分值和视力得分值传输至跌倒风险判断单元211；Theparameter calculation unit 210 is coupled to thestorage unit 208, theeye chart unit 209 and the fallrisk judgment unit 211 respectively, and is used to obtain the response duration score value according to the response duration displayed by thetimer 206, and the force according to the contact area and thepedal 204. The ratio of the positions obtains the score value of the intersection position and calculates the absolute value of the difference between the first result and the second result. The intersection position score value and vision score value are transmitted to the fallrisk judgment unit 211;

跌倒风险判断单元211，与参数计算单元210耦接，用于根据反应时长得分值、交集位置得分值和视力得分值按照以下方法进行计算得到预测值：The fallrisk judging unit 211, coupled to theparameter calculating unit 210, is configured to calculate the predicted value according to the reaction duration score value, the intersection position score value and the vision score value according to the following method:

Z＝a％A+b％B+c％C；Z=a%A+b%B+c%C;

根据反应时长得分值、交集位置得分值和视力得分值进行计算得到预测值，是对反应时间延长因素、平衡能力和视觉障碍因素进行综合评定，能够更加全面的反映出跌倒风险，并且反应时长得分值、交集位置得分值和视力得分值具有不同权重是对计算预测值的优化，得到的预测跌倒风险的结果更加具有实用性和准确性。The predicted value is calculated according to the reaction time score, intersection position score and vision score, which is a comprehensive evaluation of reaction time prolongation factors, balance ability and visual impairment factors, which can more comprehensively reflect the risk of falling, and The different weights of the reaction duration score, intersection position score and visual acuity score are the optimization of the calculated prediction value, and the obtained result of predicting the risk of falling is more practical and accurate.

根据预测值判断跌倒风险程度，包括，Determine the level of fall risk based on predicted values, including,

用于预测跌倒风险的装置还包括摄像头(图中未示出)，摄像头的拍摄范围覆盖计时器206和踏板204，用于对测定反应时间的过程进行视频记录，纠正计时器206显示的反应时长的毫秒误差。保证测定的反应时长更加精准。The device for predicting the risk of falling also includes a camera (not shown in the figure), the shooting range of the camera covers thetimer 206 and thepedal 204, and is used for video recording the process of determining the reaction time and correcting the reaction time displayed by thetimer 206. millisecond error. Ensure that the measured reaction time is more accurate.

用于预测跌倒风险的装置还包括栅栏(图中未示出)，栅栏围绕踏板204。栅栏具有保护作用，防止跌倒，提供支撑点。The apparatus for predicting the risk of falling also includes a fence (not shown) surrounding thetread 204 . Fences are protective against falls and provide a point of support.

按动启动按钮201控制计时器206开始计时，同时测试灯205亮起。当测试灯205亮起时，对踏板204进行踩踏，当踏板204上的压力传感器感受到压力信号立即控制计时器206停止计时，同时测试灯205熄灭，计时器206显示的时长就是反应时长，计时器206显示精确到毫秒。并且多个压力传感器将压力信号传输至处理终端207，传输压力信号值不为0的压力传感器所在区域为受力位置。处理终端207的视力表单元209采用电子视力表，根据视力表进行静态视敏度检查和动态视敏度检测，在进行动态视敏度检测时，保持1-2Hz频率摇头或点头动作的同时检测视力。处理终端207可将得到的数据上传至云数据库，用于记录和传输。摄像头全程录像，纠正计时器206显示的反应时长的误差。围绕踏板204设置的栅栏，可用于支撑，和防止跌倒。Press thestart button 201 to control thetimer 206 to start timing, and at the same time thetest light 205 lights up. When thetest light 205 is on, step on thepedal 204, when the pressure sensor on thepedal 204 senses the pressure signal, it immediately controls thetimer 206 to stop timing, and at the same time thetest light 205 goes out, the time displayed by thetimer 206 is the response time, and the timing Thedisplay 206 is accurate to the millisecond. In addition, a plurality of pressure sensors transmit pressure signals to theprocessing terminal 207, and the area where the pressure sensor whose transmission pressure signal value is not 0 is located is a force-bearing position. Theeye chart unit 209 of theprocessing terminal 207 adopts an electronic eye chart, and performs static visual acuity inspection and dynamic visual acuity detection according to the eye chart. vision. Theprocessing terminal 207 can upload the obtained data to the cloud database for recording and transmission. The camera records the whole process to correct the error of the response time displayed by thetimer 206 . A fence is provided around thetreads 204 for support and to prevent falls.

实施例3Example 3

此为本申请所述的用于预测跌倒风险的方法的另一个具体的实施例，包括：This is another specific embodiment of the method for predicting a fall risk described in this application, including:

S301、测定反应时间，包括，S301, determine the reaction time, including,

S3011、按动启动按钮，将启动信号同时传输至计时器和测试灯；S3011. Press the start button to transmit the start signal to the timer and the test light at the same time;

S3012、计时器和测试灯同时接收启动信号，计时器开始计时，测试灯亮起；S3012, the timer and the test light receive the start signal at the same time, the timer starts timing, and the test light lights up;

S3013、当踏板受到压力时，踏板同时向计时器和测试灯传输停止信号，踏板包括多个阵列排布的压力传感器，压力传感器感受压力信号，将压力信号转化为电信号传输至处理终端；S3013, when the pedal is under pressure, the pedal simultaneously transmits a stop signal to the timer and the test light, the pedal includes a plurality of pressure sensors arranged in an array, the pressure sensor senses the pressure signal, converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal and transmits it to the processing terminal;

S3014、计时器和测试灯同时接收停止信号，计时器终止计时，测试灯熄灭，处理终端根据电信号判断踏板的受力位置，记录计时器显示的反应时长及踏板的受力位置；S3014, the timer and the test light receive the stop signal at the same time, the timer stops timing, the test light goes out, the processing terminal judges the stress position of the pedal according to the electrical signal, and records the reaction time displayed by the timer and the stress position of the pedal;

S302、按动复位按钮，将复位信号传输至计时器；S302. Press the reset button to transmit the reset signal to the timer;

S303、计时器接收复位信号，计时器归零；S303, the timer receives the reset signal, and the timer returns to zero;

S304、与踏板接触面积不变的条件下，多次测定反应时间，得到多组反应时长的数据和多组受力位置；S304. Under the condition that the contact area with the pedal remains unchanged, the reaction time is measured multiple times to obtain multiple sets of data of the response time and multiple sets of stress positions;

S305、求多组反应时长的数据的平均数，接触面积与多组受力位置交集的面积的比值；S305. Calculate the average number of data of multiple groups of reaction durations, and the ratio of the contact area to the area of the intersection of multiple groups of stress positions;

S306、根据多组反应时长的数据的平均数得到反应时长得分值，根据接触面积与多组受力位置交集的面积的比值得到交集位置得分值；S306, obtaining the score value of the response duration according to the average of the data of the multiple groups of response durations, and obtaining the score value of the intersection position according to the ratio of the contact area to the area of the intersection of the multiple groups of stress positions;

S307、测定动态视力的退减程度，包括，S307. Determining the decline degree of dynamic vision, including,

S3071、处理终端包括视力表，根据视力表进行静态视敏度检查，将静态视敏度检查结果所在行数记录下来作为第一结果；S3071. The processing terminal includes an eye chart, performs static visual acuity inspection according to the eye chart, and records the number of rows where the static visual acuity inspection result is located as the first result;

S3072、根据视力表进行动态视敏度检查，将动态视敏度检查结果所在行数记录下来作为第二结果；S3072, performing a dynamic visual acuity test according to the eye chart, and recording the number of rows where the dynamic visual acuity test result is located as the second result;

S308、计算第一结果与第二结果差值的绝对值；S308, calculating the absolute value of the difference between the first result and the second result;

S309、根据第一结果与第二结果差值的绝对值得到视力得分值；S309, obtaining a vision score value according to the absolute value of the difference between the first result and the second result;

S310、测定单腿站立得分值，包括，按动启动按钮，测试灯亮起，保持单腿站立，当不能维持单腿站立姿势时停止计时，此时计时器显示的时长为测定的持续单腿站立的时长；S310. Measure the score value of standing on one leg, including pressing the start button, the test light is on, keep standing on one leg, and stop timing when the standing posture on one leg cannot be maintained. At this time, the duration displayed by the timer is the measured continuous single leg standing time;

S311、根据持续单腿站立的时长得到单腿站立得分值；S311. Obtain the single-leg standing score value according to the duration of continuous single-leg standing;

在步骤S311中根据持续单腿站立的时长得到单腿站立得分值按照以下方法计算：In step S311, the single-leg standing score value is obtained according to the duration of the continuous single-leg standing and is calculated according to the following method:

若持续单腿站立的时长大于10秒，单腿站立得分值为0分；If the duration of standing on one leg is longer than 10 seconds, the score for standing on one leg is 0;

若持续单腿站立的时长大于8秒且小于等于10秒，单腿站立得分值为25分；If the duration of standing on one leg is greater than 8 seconds and less than or equal to 10 seconds, the score for standing on one leg is 25 points;

若持续单腿站立的时长大于5秒且小于等于8秒，单腿站立得分值为50分；If the duration of standing on one leg is more than 5 seconds and less than or equal to 8 seconds, the score for standing on one leg is 50 points;

若持续单腿站立的时长大于3秒且小于等于5秒，单腿站立得分值为75分；If the duration of continuous single-leg standing is greater than 3 seconds and less than or equal to 5 seconds, the single-leg standing score is 75 points;

若持续单腿站立的时长小于等于3秒，单腿站立得分值为100分；If the duration of standing on one leg is less than or equal to 3 seconds, the score for standing on one leg is 100 points;

S312、根据反应时长得分值、交集位置得分值、视力得分值和单腿站立得分值按照以下方法进行计算得到预测值：S312, according to the reaction time length score value, the intersection position score value, the vision score value and the single-leg standing score value, calculate and obtain the predicted value according to the following method:

Z＝a％A+b％B+c％C+d％D；Z=a%A+b%B+c%C+d%D;

其中，Z为预测值，A为反应时长得分值，a％为反应时长得分值的权重，B为交集位置得分值，b％为交集位置得分值的权重，C为视力得分值，c％为视力得分值的权重；D为单腿站立得分值，d％为单腿站立得分值的权重。Among them, Z is the predicted value, A is the response time score value, a% is the weight of the response time score value, B is the intersection position score value, b% is the weight of the intersection position score value, and C is the visual acuity score. value, c% is the weight of the visual score; D is the single-leg standing score, and d% is the weight of the single-leg standing score.

S313、根据预测值判断跌倒风险程度，包括，S313. Determine the degree of falling risk according to the predicted value, including:

当预测值大于第三阈值时，判定为高度跌倒风险。通过上述实施例可知，本发明提供的用于预测跌倒风险的方法及装置，至少实现了如下的有益效果：When the predicted value is greater than the third threshold, it is determined that the risk of falling is high. It can be seen from the above embodiments that the method and device for predicting the risk of falling provided by the present invention achieve at least the following beneficial effects:

虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are provided for illustration only and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

Translated fromChinese

1.一种用于预测跌倒风险的方法，其特征在于，包括：1. A method for predicting a risk of falling, comprising:

测定反应时间，包括，Determination of reaction times, including,

Z＝a％A+b％B+c％C；Z=a%A+b%B+c%C;

2.根据权利要求1所述的用于预测跌倒风险的方法，其特征在于，根据所述多组反应时长的数据的平均数得到反应时长得分值按照以下方法计算：2. the method for predicting the risk of falling according to claim 1, is characterized in that, according to the average number of the data of described multiple groups of response duration, obtains the response duration score value and calculates according to the following method:

3.根据权利要求1所述的用于预测跌倒风险的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述接触面积与所述多组受力位置交集的面积的比值按照以下方法计算：3. The method for predicting the risk of falling according to claim 1, wherein the method is calculated according to the following method:

B＝(M-1)×100；B=(M-1)×100;

4.根据权利要求1所述的用于预测跌倒风险的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述第一结果与所述第二结果差值的绝对值得到视力得分值按照以下方法计算：4. The method for predicting a risk of falling according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the visual acuity score value according to the absolute value of the difference between the first result and the second result is calculated according to the following method:

5.根据权利要求1所述的用于预测跌倒风险的方法，其特征在于，所述反应时长得分值的权重、所述交集位置得分值的权重和所述视力得分值的权重满足以下关系：5. The method for predicting a fall risk according to claim 1, wherein the weight of the reaction duration score value, the weight of the intersection position score value and the weight of the vision score value satisfy The following relationship:

a％+b％+c％＝100％；a%+b%+c%=100%;

6.一种用于预测跌倒风险的装置，其特征在于，包括：6. A device for predicting a risk of falling, comprising:

启动按钮，分别与计时器、测试灯耦接，用于将启动信号同时传输至所述计时器和所述测试灯；a start button, respectively coupled to the timer and the test light, for simultaneously transmitting a start signal to the timer and the test light;

所述参数计算单元，分别与所述存储单元、所述视力表单元和所述跌倒风险判断单元耦接，用于根据所述计时器显示的反应时长得到反应时长得分值、根据接触面积与所述踏板的受力位置的面积的比值得到交集位置得分值和计算所述第一结果与所述第二结果差值的绝对值，根据所述第一结果与所述第二结果差值的绝对值得到视力得分值，将所述反应时长得分值、所述交集位置得分值和视力得分值传输至所述跌倒风险判断单元；The parameter calculation unit is respectively coupled to the storage unit, the eye chart unit and the fall risk judging unit, and is used to obtain the response duration score value according to the response duration displayed by the timer, and according to the contact area and the fall risk determination unit. The ratio of the area of the force-bearing position of the pedal to obtain the score value of the intersection position and the absolute value of the difference between the first result and the second result, according to the difference between the first result and the second result The absolute value of , obtains the visual acuity score value, and transmits the reaction duration score value, the intersection position score value and the visual acuity score value to the fall risk judgment unit;

Z＝a％A+b％B+c％C；Z=a%A+b%B+c%C;

7.根据权利要求6所述的用于预测跌倒风险的装置，其特征在于，还包括摄像头，所述摄像头的拍摄范围覆盖所述计时器和所述踏板，用于对测定反应时间的过程进行视频记录，纠正所述计时器显示的反应时长的毫秒误差。7. The device for predicting the risk of falling according to claim 6, further comprising a camera, the shooting range of the camera covers the timer and the pedal, and is used to perform the process of determining the reaction time. Video recording, correcting for millisecond errors in the reaction time displayed by the timer.

8.根据权利要求6所述的用于预测跌倒风险的装置，其特征在于，还包括栅栏，所述栅栏围绕所述踏板。8. The apparatus for predicting a risk of falling of claim 6, further comprising a fence surrounding the pedal.