CN112904563A - Short-focus near-to-eye display system - Google Patents

Abstract

A short-focus near-eye display system relates to the technical field of near-eye display, and solves the problems of large field angle, large exit pupil diameter, contradiction between energy efficiency and volume and the like in the existing AR technology; the microdisplay is positioned between the convex partial reflector and the concave partial reflector or the microdisplay is positioned between the planar partial reflector and the concave partial reflector and emits light toward the pupil location; the part close to the eye pupil is a convex part reflector or a plane part reflector, and the part far away from the eye pupil is a concave part reflector; the microdisplays are transparent displays or rotating line displays. By two reflections, the microdisplay is optically increased in size, the difficulty in fabricating the microdisplay is reduced, the precision required for rotation is reduced, and higher resolution is supported. By using the turning function of the plane mirror, the thickness of the glasses can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the light and thin glasses are realized.

Description

Short-focus near-to-eye display system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of near-eye display, in particular to a short-focus near-eye display system.

Background

Augmented reality (AR for short) is called a third generation computing platform, which can amplify images of a microdisplay through small-sized glasses to provide a user with an ultra-large 3D picture, and can fuse the displayed images with a real environment, thereby having very wide application in the fields of daily life and industry.

At present, a plurality of AR technologies including a free-form surface prism, an off-axis catadioptric structure, waveguide glasses and the like cannot solve the contradiction between large field angle, large exit pupil diameter, energy efficiency and volume due to various restriction factors. The present invention solves the above problems by using spherical symmetry, and based on the previously applied patent technology (patent No. 202020742439), the present invention uses two reflections, so that the thickness of the glasses is reduced, the exit pupil distance is increased, and the application range is further improved. Meanwhile, the invention increases the size of the micro display through two reflections, reduces the processing difficulty and the required rotation precision of the micro display, and supports higher resolution. By using the turning function of the plane mirror, the thickness of the glasses can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the light and thin glasses are realized. The display of the invention emits light towards the human eye side, and the leakage of information is also reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the problems of large field angle, large exit pupil diameter, contradiction between energy efficiency and volume and the like in the prior AR technology, and provides a short-focus near-to-eye display system.

A short focus, near-to-eye display system comprising a microdisplay, a convex or planar partial mirror, and a concave partial mirror; the micro-display is positioned between the convex partial reflector and the concave partial reflector or positioned between the plane partial reflector and the concave partial reflector and emits light towards the eye pupil position; the part close to the eye pupil is a convex part reflector or a plane part reflector, and the part far away from the eye pupil is a concave part reflector; the micro display is a transparent display or a rotating line display.

A short-focus near-to-eye display system is provided, in which a micro display is arranged outside a concave partial reflector, a dynamic light shield is arranged in front of the micro display, or a dynamic light shield is arranged on one side of a convex partial reflector; the surface types of the non-reflection surfaces of the convex partial reflector and the concave partial reflector are matched with the surface type of the reflection surface, so that the virtual image is amplified and the myopia degree of a user is adapted.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a short-focus near-to-eye display system which can shorten the overall thickness of glasses and increase the diameter of an exit pupil, so that a user can wear the short-focus near-to-eye display system more comfortably and more beautifully.

Through twice reflection, the size of the micro display is increased optically, so that the manufacturing difficulty of the micro display is reduced, the precision required by rotation is reduced, and higher resolution is supported.

By using the turning function of the plane mirror, the thickness of the glasses can be reduced to the maximum extent, and the light and thin glasses are realized.

In the invention, the position of the micro display can move back and forth, thereby realizing the zooming function. The curvature of one of the surfaces of the mirror is adjustable to suit the degree of the wearer.

Finally, the display emits light towards human eyes, and the leakage of display information is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a light path diagram of a short-focus near-eye display system according to the present invention, in which one of the surfaces of the partial reflector reflects.

FIG. 2 is a different light path diagram of another surface reflection mode of a partial reflector of the short-focus near-eye display system from that of FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of an optical path using a flat display in a short focus, near-to-eye display system according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a light path diagram of a short focus near-to-eye display system employing a flat partial mirror according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a transparent display.

Fig. 6 is an assembly diagram of a short-focus near-eye display system using a transparent display according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a basic block diagram of a microdisplay in the form of a line display.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a multi-segment linear display tiled into a linear display.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an assembly using a line display and employing magnetic confinement.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of an assembly using a linear display and using a sliding bearing.

FIG. 11 is an assembly diagram using a linear display and employing magnetic confinement.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an assembly using a flat partial mirror and employing a sliding bearing.

Fig. 13 shows an arrangement of permanent magnets on a rotating ring.

Figure 14 is an arrangement of a Halbach array of permanent magnets on a rotating ring.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the short-focus near-eye display system of FIG. 2 incorporating a phase retardation wave plate and a polarizing device;

fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the short-focus near-eye display system shown in fig. 4 with a phase retardation wave plate and a polarization device added.

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating polarization changes of an optical path after a phase retardation wave plate is added to the short-focus near-eye display system shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating polarization changes of another optical path after a phase retardation wave plate is added to the short-focus near-eye display system shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a short focus near-to-eye display system of fig. 1 incorporating a front dynamic shutter.

FIG. 20 is a diagram of a third microdisplay according to the invention with an optical path attached to the outer surface of a concave partial reflector;

FIG. 21 is a diagram of the optical path of a microdisplay spaced from the outer surface of a concave partial mirror.

Fig. 22 is an optical path diagram of a microdisplay positioned outside for a flat display.

Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram of the short-focus near-eye display system shown in fig. 20 with a phase retardation wave plate and a polarization device added.

FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of the use of a strip mirror to rotate simultaneously with a microdisplay.

In the figure: 1. eye pupil position, 2, convex partial mirror, 2-1, convex partial mirror inside face, 2-2, convex partial mirror outside face, 2-3, convex partial mirror extension, 3, concave partial mirror, 3-1, concave partial mirror inside face, 3-2, concave partial mirror outside face, 4, micro-display, 4a, transparent display, 4a-1, transparent protective layer, 4a-2, transparent light emitting pixel layer, 4a-3, transparent drive layer, 4a-4, dynamic light shield layer, 4a-5, transparent display outside support, 4b, linear display, 4b-1, light emitting pixel, 4b-2, drive and arc linear support, 4b-3, linear display element, 4b-4, A non-display area, 4b-5, a display overlap area, 4b-6, a spin loop, 4b-6-1, a permanent magnet outside the S pole of the spin loop, 4b-6-2, a permanent magnet outside the N pole of the spin loop, 4b-6-3, a permanent magnet outside the spin loop, 4b-6-4, a permanent magnet inside the spin loop, 4b-6-5, a permanent magnet clockwise to the spin loop, 4b-6-6, a permanent magnet counterclockwise to the spin loop, 4c, a flat micro-display, 4c-1, a flat micro-display extension, 4c-2, a flat micro-rotation loop, 4d, an outer micro-display, 4d-1, an outer micro-display rotation loop, 4f, an outer flat micro-display, 5, a phase delay wave plate, 5-1, An inner phase retardation wave plate, 5-2, an outer phase retardation wave plate, 6, a polarization polarizer, 7, light, 7a-1, a first p-type linearly polarized light, 7a-2, a second p-type linearly polarized light, 7a-3, a first circular or elliptical polarized light, 7a-4, a second circular or elliptical polarized light, 7a-5, a first s-type linearly polarized light, 7b-1, a third circular or elliptical polarized light, 7b-2, a third p-type linearly polarized light, 7b-3, a fourth circular or elliptical polarized light, 7b-4, a fifth circular or elliptical polarized light, 7b-5, a second s-type linearly polarized light, 8, an outer polarization element, 9, an inner polarization element, 10, an inner polarization ring, 11, a driving and power supply coil or PCB, 12, an outer magnetic ring, 13, a magnetic conductive ring, 14, a wear-resistant ring, 15, A lubricating gap, 16, a sliding ring, 17, a plane part reflector, 17-1, a plane part reflector outer side, 17-2, a plane part reflector inner side, 18, a thin shaft, 19, a bound magnetic ring, 20, a dynamic light chopper, 20-1, a front dynamic light chopper black-state pixel, 21, a rotating bracket, 22, a central gap, 23, a central permanent magnet, 24, stray light, 25, a strip-shaped concave reflector, 25-1, a strip-shaped concave reflector front surface, 25-2, a strip-shaped concave reflector rear surface, 26, an outer transparent protective shell, 27 and a display screen bracket.

Detailed Description

First embodiment, the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 19, and as shown in fig. 1, a short-focus near-eye display system is mainly composed of amicrodisplay 4, a convexpartial reflector 2 and a concavepartial reflector 3, wherein themicrodisplay 4 is between the convexpartial reflector 2 and the concavepartial reflector 3, and emits light toward the eye. Themicrodisplay 4 may be atransparent display 4a or arotating line display 4 b. The part of the reflecting mirror close to the eyes is a convex mirror, and the part of the reflecting mirror far away from the eyes is a concave mirror. Themicro display 4 emits light on the concave side, and the light is reflected by one surface of the convexpartial reflector 2, namely the inner side 2-1 of the convex partial reflector or the outer side 2-2 of the convex partial reflector, passes through themicro display 4, is reflected by the concavepartial reflector 3, and passes through the micro display screen again, and because the convexpartial reflector 2 can transmit light at the same time, the reflected light reaches thepupil position 1 after passing through the convexpartial reflector 2 so as to be observed by human eyes. The light emitted by themicro display 4 is reflected twice and the zooming-out effect is achieved. Preferably, in order to achieve uniformity of display image sharpness, the convexpartial mirror 2, the concavepartial mirror 3, and themicrodisplay 4 are distributed on a concentric spherical surface, and the spherical center position is the center of theeye pupil position 1. The human eye has the zooming function, so that the part position is allowed to move to a certain degree or the shape of the surface is deformed, and the movement has the additional function of adapting the near vision degree and realizing dynamic zooming. As an example, one of the optical design parameters is listed in the table below.

As shown in FIG. 2, one of the faces of the convexpartial mirror 2, if coated with a reflective film to assist in the generation of the virtual image, may have a curvature that varies to provide a near vision correction surface to accommodate the power of the user. The two surfaces of the concave mirror can be treated the same to adjust the degree.

The concavepartial mirror 3 has one of its faces coated with a partially reflective film layer, commonly referred to as a reflective filter, which is designed according to the wavelength of the light emitted by themicrodisplay 4. For example, the partially reflective film layer has a high reflectivity for the center wavelength of the light emitted by themicrodisplay 4, greater than 90% reflection, and a higher transmission for wavelengths outside the center wavelength of the light emitted, 90% transmission. Such a design may improve the brightness of the ambient light. The reflection filter film can be a dielectric film layer, a dielectric metal combined film layer, a holographic film layer and a microstructure film layer.

As shown in fig. 3, themicrodisplay 4 is a flat microdisplay, where aflat microdisplay 4c is between the convexpartial mirror 2 and the concavepartial mirror 3 and emits light toward the eye. Theflat microdisplay 4c may be a flat transparent display or a rotated linear display. Because of its straight shape, it is easy to process under the conditions of the prior art. The part of the reflecting mirror close to the eyes is a convex mirror, and the part of the reflecting mirror far away from the eyes is a concave mirror. Theflat microdisplay 4c emits light toward the convexpartial reflector 2, and is reflected by one of the surfaces of the convexpartial reflector 2, i.e., the inner surface 2-1 of the convex partial reflector or the outer surface 2-2 of the convex partial reflector, and after passing through theflat microdisplay 4, the flat microdisplay is reflected by the concavepartial reflector 3, and since the convexpartial reflector 2 can transmit light at the same time, the reflected light passes through the convexpartial reflector 2 and reaches thepupil position 1 for human eye observation. The light emitted by theflat microdisplay 4c is reflected twice to achieve the effect of amplified zooming. Because the flatmicro display 4c is used, the whole structure of the light path has no spherical symmetry, in order to realize asymmetric correction, at least one of theconvex part reflector 2 and theconcave part reflector 3 is preferably an aspheric surface, and because the human eye has a zoom adjusting function, the position of each part is allowed to move to a certain degree or the shape of the surface is deformed, and the movement has the additional function of being capable of adapting to the near vision degree and realizing dynamic zooming. By way of example, the following table sets forth design parameters for even aspheric surfaces for both optical surfaces.

If one surface of the convexpartial reflector 2 is coated with a reflecting film to participate in the generation of a virtual image, the curvature of the other surface can be changed to be used as a surface for correcting myopia so as to adapt to the degree of a user. The two surfaces of the concave mirror can be treated the same to adjust the degree.

One of the surfaces of the concavepartial reflector 3 is plated with a partial reflection film layer, which is generally called a reflection filter film, the film layer is designed according to the light emitting wavelength of themicro display 4, the film layer has high reflectivity for the central wavelength of the light emitted by themicro display 4, the reflection is more than 90 percent, and the transmission is higher for the wave bands except the light emitting central wavelength, and the transmission is 90 percent. Such a design may improve the brightness of the ambient light. The reflection filter film can be a dielectric film layer, a dielectric metal combined film layer, a holographic film layer and a microstructure film layer.

As shown in fig. 4, is constituted by themicrodisplay 4, the flatpartial mirror 17, and the concavepartial mirror 3, wherein themicrodisplay 4 is between the flatpartial mirror 17 and the concavepartial mirror 3, and emits light toward the eye. Themicrodisplay 4 may be atransparent display 4a or arotating line display 4 b. The part of the reflecting mirror close to the eyes is a plane mirror, and the part of the reflecting mirror far away from the eyes is a concave mirror. Themicro display 4 emits light on its convex side, which is reflected by one of the surfaces of the flatpartial mirror 17, i.e., the flat partial mirror inner side surface 17-1 or the flat partial mirror outer side surface 17-2, a part of the light passes through the display portion of themicro display 4, a part of the light passes through the edge portion of themicro display 4, is reflected by the concavepartial mirror 3, passes through the micro display screen again, and since the flatpartial mirror 17 is capable of transmitting light at the same time, the reflected light passes through the flatpartial mirror 17 and reaches thepupil position 1 for the human eye to observe. The light emitted from themicrodisplay 4 is reflected by the concavepartial reflector 3, and the amplified zooming effect is realized.

In the present embodiment, in order to achieve uniformity of display image sharpness, the concave partial reflectingmirror 3 is a spherical surface, the center of the sphere coincides with the center of thepupil position 1, themicrodisplays 4 are also distributed on the spherical surface, and after the plane partial reflectingmirror 17 is used for mirror surface expansion, the center of the sphere is also the center of thepupil position 1. The human eye has the zooming function, so that the part position is allowed to move to a certain degree or the shape of the surface is deformed, and the movement has the additional function of adapting the near vision degree and realizing dynamic zooming. As an example, one of the optical design parameters is listed in the table below.

One of the surfaces of the flatpartial reflector 17, if coated with a reflective film, is involved in the generation of the virtual image, and the other surface may have a curvature that varies to provide a surface for correction of myopia to suit the degree of the user. The two surfaces of the concave mirror can be treated the same to adjust the degree.

One of the concave partial reflectingmirrors 3 is coated with a partial reflecting film layer, commonly called a reflecting filter film, which is designed according to the light emitting wavelength of themicrodisplay 4, and has a high reflectivity, such as greater than 90% reflection, for the central wavelength of the light emitted by themicrodisplay 4, and a high transmittance, such as 90% transmission, for the wavelength bands other than the light emitting central wavelength. Such a design may improve the brightness of the ambient light. The reflection filter film can be a dielectric film layer, a dielectric metal combined film layer, a holographic film layer and a microstructure film layer.

As shown in FIG. 5, when themicro display 4 is atransparent display 4a, the structure thereof generally comprises atransparent protection layer 4a-1, a transparent light-emittingpixel layer 4a-2, and atransparent driving layer 4a-3, and a dynamiclight shielding layer 4a-4 can be added to prevent stray light. Wherein thetransparent protection layer 4a-1 is generally made of glass or resin of transparent material. The transparent light-emitting pixels can be formed by OLED, Micro-LED and the like, and can also be realized in a liquid crystal control mode. Thetransparent driving layers 4a-3 are formed by driving units which are made of transparent conductive materials such as ITO, carbon nano tubes and graphene into arrays. Thedynamic shading layer 4a-4 is also provided with a plurality of pixels, and the gray scale adjustment is realized by fuel liquid crystal, electrowetting and the like and is used for blocking the light emitted by the luminous pixels to the human eyes. The pixels on the dynamic light shield layers 4a-4 may be much larger than the emissive pixels, such as circular pixels with a diameter of 0.5mm-2mm or strip pixels with a diameter of 0.5mm x 20 mm. The purpose is to block light emission, so that light can be ensured to enter human eyes as long as the pixel size is smaller than the pupil of the human eyes in one direction. It is of course preferable to keep the size below 0.5mm so that more light can enter the human eye. When theflat microdisplay 4c is a transparent display, the structure is the same as thetransparent display 4a, except that it is flat in shape. As shown in fig. 6, the assembling with the mirror frame is facilitated by providing the transparent display outer side supports 4a-5 at the edges of the transparent display screen. Meanwhile, the edge of theconvex part reflector 2 is provided with a convex part reflector extending end 2-3, the extending end can form a closed space with theconcave part reflector 3 and the mirror frame, the dust prevention effect is achieved, meanwhile, nitrogen or inert gas can be filled into the closed space or vacuum is pumped, oxidation of internal devices is prevented, and the service life is prolonged.

As shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a linear display, in which one or more rows ofpixels 4b-1 are distributed on the driving and arc-shapedsupport 4b-2, the total width of the pixels cannot exceed the diameter of the pupil of the human eye, and the thinner the pixels are, the better the display is. As shown in fig. 8, in consideration of the difficulty of processing the arc-shaped display, alinear display 4b may be formed by integrally connecting a plurality oflinear display units 4 b-3. Fig. 8 shows one of the splicing methods, which is to enable the whole body to scan a complete picture by matching the upper half section and the lower half section. This has the advantage that there will be nodisplay area 4b-4 between thelinear display cells 4b-3, in whicharea 4b-4 the driving circuitry can be arranged. The splicing position of two adjacent circles oflinear display units 4b-3 can be reserved with adisplay overlapping area 4b-5 generally, and the display overlapping area is used for compensating assembly errors. In the case of a rotated linear display forflat microdisplay 4c, the configuration is the same as forlinear display 4b, except that the shape is linear, so the segmentation arrangement shown in FIG. 8 is not required.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a rotary linear display structure, as shown in FIG. 9, in which a rotary aperture is provided at the side of the center of thelinear display 4b facing away from the light-emittingpixel 4b-1, and the size is generally 0.2-1mm, athin shaft 18 is fixed at the center of the concavepartial reflector 3, the diameter of thethin shaft 18 is matched with the aperture to limit the radial movement of thelinear display 4b, and thelinear display 4b can rotate around the axis. A rotatingbracket 21 may be provided in front of the concave partial reflectingmirror 3, and athin shaft 18 may be fixed at the center thereof, and a lens or a metal thin strip made of a transparent material may be provided between the rotations. The small gap between thethin shaft 18 and the small hole causes thelinear display 4b to swing axially due to the short length of the central shaft, and the swing can be restricted by magnetic force to limit the swing. An innermagnetic ring 10 is fixed on the outer side of therotating ring 4b-6, the innermagnetic ring 10 rotates together with therotating ring 4b-6, an outermagnetic ring 12 fixed on the spectacle frame is arranged on the outer side of the innermagnetic ring 10, the innermagnetic ring 10 and the outermagnetic ring 12 form concentric circles, and air space is arranged between the innermagnetic ring 10 and the outermagnetic ring 12 to prevent friction. When the magnetizing directions of the innermagnetic ring 10 and the outermagnetic ring 12 are consistent, magnetic restraint is formed, and force which is kept in the same plane is obtained. When the pulse motor is used, the innermagnetic ring 10 can be omitted because the magnets on the rotating ring are arranged in the same direction and can form a stable structure in combination with the outermagnetic ring 12. A driving coil or a PCB is arranged at the left or right side of therotating ring 4b-6 and fixed on the mirror frame, the driving coil or the PCB can drive therotating ring 4b-6 to rotate and can supply power to thelinear display 4b wirelessly.

As shown in fig. 10, another schematic diagram of the rotating structure is that a slidingring 16, which has a characteristic of small friction resistance, is sleeved on the outer ring of therotating ring 4b-6, and is generally made of metal or teflon, and a boundmagnetic ring 19, a magneticconductive ring 13, and a wear-resistant ring 14, etc. are fixed on the mirror frame above the corresponding positions, wherein a lubricating gap 15 is formed between the wear-resistant ring 14 and the slidingring 16. The principle of the structure is that the bindingmagnetic ring 19 transmits a magnetic field to the periphery of the lubricating gap 15 through themagnetic conduction ring 13, magnetic fluid is flushed into the lubricating gap 15, liquid lubrication can be formed, meanwhile, due to the constraint of magnetic force, the magnetic fluid cannot leak, and a stable sealing structure is formed.

As shown in fig. 11, a rotating aperture is provided in the center of theflat microdisplay 4c on the side facing away from the emissive pixels, typically ranging from 0.2 to 1mm in size, and arotating holder 21 is placed on the side near the concavepartial reflector 3, the rotatingholder 21 holding athin shaft 18 in the center, the diameter of thethin shaft 18 matching the aperture to limit the radial movement of theflat microdisplay 4c, about which theflat microdisplay 4c can rotate. Because of the short length of the central axis, the slight clearance between thethin axis 18 and the small aperture results in axial wobble of theflat microdisplay 4c, which can be constrained by magnetic forces to limit the wobble. The top end of aflat micro-display 4c is connected with a flat micro-display extension end 4c-1, and the flat micro-display extension end 4c-1 is fixedly connected with a flat micro-displayrotating ring 4 c-2. An innermagnetic ring 10 is fixed on the outer side of a flat micro-displayrotating ring 4c-2, the innermagnetic ring 10 and the flat micro-displayrotating ring 4c-2 rotate together, an outermagnetic ring 12 fixed on a mirror frame is arranged on the outer side of the innermagnetic ring 10, and the innermagnetic ring 10 and the outermagnetic ring 12 form a concentric circle and have air space therebetween to prevent friction. When the magnetizing directions of the innermagnetic ring 10 and the outermagnetic ring 12 are consistent, magnetic restraint is formed, and force which is kept in the same plane is obtained. When the pulse motor is used, the innermagnetic ring 10 can be omitted because the magnets on the rotating ring are arranged in the same direction and can form a stable structure in combination with the outermagnetic ring 12.

On the side of thethin shaft 18 near theflat microdisplay 4c, a centralpermanent magnet 23 may be placed, and there will typically be acentral gap 22 between the centralpermanent magnet 23 and thethin shaft 18, where thecentral gap 22 is filled with magnetic fluid for lubrication.

As shown in fig. 12, fig. 12 illustrates a method for rotating the planepartial reflector 17, a slidingring 16, which has a characteristic of small frictional resistance, is sleeved on the outer ring of therotating ring 4b-6, and is generally made of metal or teflon, and a boundmagnetic ring 19, a magneticconductive ring 13, a wear-resistant ring 14, and the like are fixed on the mirror frame above the corresponding position, wherein a lubricating gap 15 is formed between the wear-resistant ring 14 and the slidingring 16. The principle of the structure is that the bindingmagnetic ring 19 transmits a magnetic field to the periphery of the lubricating gap 15 through themagnetic conduction ring 13, magnetic fluid is flushed into the lubricating gap 15, liquid lubrication can be formed, meanwhile, due to the constraint of magnetic force, the magnetic fluid cannot leak, and a stable sealing structure is formed. Like the structure of fig. 20, a rotatingbracket 21 may be added to adopt a central pivoting manner.

The closed space formed by theconvex part reflector 2, theconcave part reflector 3 and the mirror frame can be filled with nitrogen or inert gas to prevent oxidation and prolong the service life, and meanwhile, the closed space can be vacuumized to further reduce the rotation resistance.

As shown in fig. 13, the permanent magnet arrangement on therotating ring 4b-6 or the flat microdisplayrotating ring 4c-2 may be NS alternate arrangement, as shown in fig. 14, the permanent magnet arrangement on therotating ring 4b-6 or the flat microdisplayrotating ring 4c-2 may also be Halbach array arrangement. The motors adopting the above two arrangements generally belong to the category of brushless direct current motors. A drive and power coil or PCB11 is placed to the left or right of the rotating ring in a corresponding position that can power the rotating ring to rotate while powering the microdisplay.

Through the design, the optical system can shorten the overall thickness of the glasses and increase the diameter of the exit pupil, so that a user can wear the glasses more comfortably and more attractively. Through twice reflection, the size of the micro display is increased optically, so that the manufacturing difficulty of the micro display is reduced, the precision required by rotation is reduced, and higher resolution is supported.

This embodiment is through folding the light path for optical system's overall structure attenuation has increased the comfort level, has proposed low friction, stable rotation scheme simultaneously.

As shown in fig. 15 and 16, a phase retardation wave plate, a polarizing element and a dynamic light shield are added in the present embodiment, the phase retardation wave plate generally includes a quarter wave plate and a half wave plate, and the polarizing element mainly includes an absorption type polarizing plate, a metal wire grid polarizing plate, a dielectric film polarizing plate and the like. The use of the phase retardation wave plate and the polarization element can increase the utilization rate of light energy and reduce stray light interference.

A phasedelay wave plate 5 is added between the convexpartial reflector 2 or the planepartial reflector 17 and themicro display 4, or a phasedelay wave plate 5 is added between themicro display 4 and the concavepartial reflector 3.

A phaseretardation wave plate 5 may also be placed between themicrodisplay 4 and the concavepartial mirror 3, the phaseretardation wave plate 5 may be attached to the concavepartial mirror 3, and a phaseretardation wave plate 5 may also be inserted between themicrodisplay 4 and the convexpartial mirror 2 or the planarpartial mirror 17, which may be attached to the convexpartial mirror 2 or the planarpartial mirror 17.

Anouter polarizer 8 may be attached to the concavepartial mirror 3, and aninner polarizer 9 may be attached to the convexpartial mirror 2.

A front dynamiclight shield layer 20 is placed on one side of the convexpartial mirror 2 or the planarpartial mirror 17.

As shown in fig. 17, which is a schematic diagram of an optical path when the phaseretardation wave plate 5 is located between the concavepartial reflector 3 and themicrodisplay 4, themicrodisplay 4 emits a first p-type linearly polarized light 7a-1, a film layer which is used for reflecting s light by p light and transmits is coated on the convexpartial reflector 2, the reflected light is still the second p-type linearly polarized light 7a-2, the light becomes a first circular or elliptical polarized light 7a-3 after passing through the phaseretardation wave plate 5, and then the light is reflected by the concavepartial reflector 3 and still becomes a second circular or elliptical polarized light 7a-4, the light becomes the first s-type linearly polarized light 7a-5 after passing through the phaseretardation wave plate 5 again, and the light can maximally pass through the convexpartial reflector 2 to enter human eyes while avoiding the interference of stray light.

As shown in fig. 18, which is a schematic diagram of the optical path when the phaseretardation wave plate 5 is located between the convexpartial reflector 2 and themicrodisplay 4, themicrodisplay 4 emits a third circular or elliptical polarized light 7b-1, which is changed into a third p-type linearly polarized light 7b-2 after passing through the phaseretardation wave plate 5, a film layer for p-light reflection s-light transmission is coated on the convexpartial reflector 2, the reflected light is still a fourth p-type linearly polarized light 7b-3, which is changed into a fourth circular or elliptical polarized light 7b-3 after passing through the phaseretardation wave plate 5, and then after being reflected by the concavepartial reflector 3, the light is still a fifth circular or elliptical polarized light 7b-4, which is changed into a second s-type linearly polarized light 7b-5 after passing through the phaseretardation wave plate 5 again, and can maximally pass through the convexpartial reflector 2 to enter the human eye, and meanwhile, the interference of stray light is avoided.

An outerside polarization element 8 and an innerside polarization element 9 can be added on two sides of the system, stray light caused by ambient light is eliminated by adjusting the polarization direction, and a better effect is obtained. As shown in fig. 19, a frontdynamic shutter 20 may be placed on the side of the convexpartial mirror 2 or the flatpartial mirror 17 near the human eye, which functions to block light emitted by themicrodisplay 4 that directly passes through the convexpartial mirror 2 or the flatpartial mirror 17. When themicro display 4 emits light by scanning, the position where the light emitted by the micro display directly penetrates through theconvex part reflector 2 or theplane part reflector 17 and enters human eyes is changed into a black state, and the other positions are white states, so that stray light directly entering human eyes is blocked, and the contrast of an image is improved. Thedynamic shutter 20 may also be placed between themicrodisplay 4 and the convexpartial mirror 2. Its pixel size needs to be smaller than the pupil of the human eye in at least one direction. It is to be noted that the surface shapes of the phaseretardation wave plate 5, theouter polarizer 8, theinner polarizer 9, and the dynamiclight shielding layer 20 are not limited, and may be a curved surface or a flat surface.

In the embodiment, the phase delay wave plate, the polarization element and the dynamic light chopper are added, so that the light energy utilization rate can be enhanced, the brightness is improved, and the stray light interference is reduced.

In the second embodiment, the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 20 to 24, and the structure and the rotation method of themicrodisplay 4 in the present embodiment are similar to those in the first embodiment, and are not repeated herein.

As shown in fig. 20, a short-focus near-to-eye display system is mainly constituted by anouter microdisplay 4d or an outerflat microdisplay 4f, a convexpartial mirror 2 and a concavepartial mirror 3, wherein theouter microdisplay 4d or the outerflat microdisplay 4f is outside the concavepartial mirror 3 in a direction away from the human eye and emits light toward the eye. It may be located adjacent to the outer side 3-2 of the concave partial reflector as shown in fig. 20, as shown in fig. 21 and 22, or may be spaced apart by a distance of, for example, 3 mm. Theouter microdisplay 4d or the outerflat microdisplay 4f may be a transparent display or a rotating line display, or may be a non-transparent display for virtual reality. The part of the reflecting mirror close to the eyes is a convex mirror, and the part of the reflecting mirror far away from the eyes is a concave mirror. Theouter microdisplay 4d or the outerflat microdisplay 4f emits light toward the eye, and light passing through the concavepartial reflector 3 is reflected by one of the surfaces of the convexpartial reflector 2, i.e., the inner convex partial reflector side 2-1 or the outer convex partial reflector side 2-2, and then reflected by the concavepartial reflector 3, and since the convexpartial reflector 2 is simultaneously capable of transmitting light, the reflected light passes through the convexpartial reflector 2 and reaches thepupil position 1 for viewing by the eye. The light emitted from theouter microdisplay 4d or the outerflat microdisplay 4f is reflected by the convexpartial reflector 2 and the concavepartial reflector 3, and then the zooming effect is realized.

In this embodiment, in order to realize uniformity of display image sharpness, the convexpartial mirror 2, the concavepartial mirror 3, and theouter microdisplay 4d are distributed on a concentric spherical surface, and the center of the sphere is the center of thepupil position 1. As shown in fig. 22, in order to reduce the difficulty in manufacturing theouter microdisplay 4d, when the outerflat microdisplay 4f is used, the entire optical path structure does not have spherical symmetry, and in order to realize asymmetric correction, it is preferable that at least one of the convexpartial mirror 2 and the concavepartial mirror 3 is aspherical. Adynamic light shield 20 can be added in front of the outerflat micro-display 4f, and stray light 24 directly entering human eyes is reduced by adjusting the light path of the outerflat micro-display 4f directly entering human eyes into a front dynamic light shield black-state pixel 20-1.

The human eye has the zooming function, so that the part position is allowed to move to a certain degree or the shape of the surface is deformed, and the movement has the additional function of adapting the near vision degree and realizing dynamic zooming. As an example, the following table lists the optical parameters for one of the symmetric designs.

If one of the faces of the convexpartial reflector 2 is coated with a reflective film to participate in the generation of the virtual image, the curvature of the other face can be changed to be used as a surface for correcting myopia so as to adapt to the degree of a user. The two surfaces of the concave reflector can be treated in the same way to adjust the degree, so that the ambient light can reach human eyes clearly.

As shown in fig. 23, in the case where theouter microdisplay 4d or the outerflat microdisplay 4f is outside the concavepartial reflector 3 as described in this embodiment, theouter polarizer 8 may be placed in front of theouter microdisplay 4d or the outerflat microdisplay 4f, and then the outer phase retardation wave plate 5-2 may be placed, and at the same time, the inner phase retardation wave plate 5-1 may be added between the convexpartial reflector 2 and the concavepartial reflector 3. Each phase retardation wave plate may be attached on the surface of the convexpartial mirror 2 and the concavepartial mirror 3. The phase retardation wave plate, the polarization element and the dynamic shutter are all devices for achieving better effects, but are not necessary.

The following table shows a design parameter table with a virtual image distance of 2mm, no focus of ambient light and no myopia degree.

As shown in FIG. 24, in order to improve the light energy utilization efficiency and reduce the parasitic light interference, a strip-shapedconcave reflector 25 can be used, and the front surface 25-1 or the rear surface 25-2 of the strip-shaped concave reflector is coated with a film layer with a certain reflectivity, and the width is generally between 1mm and 10 mm. The strip-shapedconcave mirror 25 is fixedly attached to theouter microdisplay 4d and rotates together. An outer transparentprotective shell 26 is placed outside theouter microdisplay 4d and is fixedly connected to the frame. Thedisplay screen support 27 of theouter microdisplay 4d is provided with a rotating aperture, typically of 0.2-5mm size, and athin shaft 18 is fixed in the center of the outer transparentprotective shell 26, the diameter of thethin shaft 18 is matched with the aperture for radial movement of theouter microdisplay 4d, and theouter microdisplay 4d can rotate around the axis. Because of the short length of the central axis, the slight clearance between thethin axis 18 and the small hole results in axial wobble of theouter microdisplay 4d, which can be constrained by magnetic forces to limit the wobble. An innermagnetic ring 10 is fixed on the outer side of the outermicro-display rotating ring 4d-1, the innermagnetic ring 10 rotates together with the outermicro-display rotating ring 4d-1, an outermagnetic ring 12 fixed on a mirror frame is arranged on the outer side of the innermagnetic ring 10, and the innermagnetic ring 10 and the outermagnetic ring 12 form a concentric circle and have air space therebetween to prevent friction. When the magnetizing directions of the innermagnetic ring 10 and the outermagnetic ring 12 are consistent, magnetic restraint is formed, and force which is kept in the same plane is obtained. When the pulse motor is used, the innermagnetic ring 10 can be omitted because the magnets on the rotating ring are arranged in the same direction and can form a stable structure in combination with the outermagnetic ring 12. And a driving coil or a PCB is arranged at the left side or the right side of the outermicro-display rotating ring 4d-1 and is fixed on the mirror frame, and the driving coil or the PCB can drive the outermicro-display rotating ring 4d-1 to rotate and can wirelessly supply power to thelinear display 4 b. On the side of thethin shaft 18 close to theouter microdisplay 4d, a centralpermanent magnet 23 can be placed, acentral gap 22 is generally formed between the centralpermanent magnet 23 and thethin shaft 18, and magnetic fluid filled in thecentral gap 22 can play a role in lubrication.

The above method of rotating the microdisplay at the same time by using the strip-shaped mirror can also be applied to the first embodiment.

The advantage of this embodiment is that the light does not need to pass through theouter microdisplay 4d or the outerflat microdisplay 4f multiple times, and when the microdisplay has a certain absorption, the loss of light energy due to passing through theouter microdisplay 4d or the outerflat microdisplay 4f multiple times can be avoided. Meanwhile, a phase delay wave plate and a correcting element can be arranged between the outermicro display 4d or the outer flatmicro display 4f and the concave partial reflectingmirror 3, and the degree of freedom is increased.

Claims (12)

1. A short-focus near-to-eye display system is characterized in that: the system comprises a microdisplay (4), a convex partial mirror (2) or a planar partial mirror (17), and a concave partial mirror (3); the micro display (4) is positioned between the convex partial reflector (2) and the concave partial reflector (3) or the micro display (4) is positioned between the planar partial reflector (17) and the concave partial reflector (3) and emits light towards the eye pupil position (1); a convex partial reflector (2) or a plane partial reflector (17) is arranged close to the eye pupil position (1), and a concave partial reflector (3) is arranged far away from the eye pupil position (1);

the micro display (4) is a transparent display or a rotating line display.

2. The short focus, near-to-eye display system of claim 1, wherein: the phase delay device also comprises a phase delay wave plate (5), wherein the phase delay wave plate (5) is added between the convex part reflecting mirror (2) or the plane part reflecting mirror (17) and the micro display (4), or the phase delay wave plate (5) is added between the micro display (4) and the concave part reflecting mirror (3).

3. The short focus, near-to-eye display system of claim 2, wherein: and a polarizing element is arranged between the convex partial reflector (2) or the plane partial reflector (17) and the micro display (4) or between the micro display (4) and the concave partial reflector (3).

4. A short focus, near-to-eye display system according to claim 3, wherein: a front dynamic light shield (20) is arranged on one side of the convex partial reflector (2) or the plane partial reflector (17).

5. The short focus, near-to-eye display system of claim 1, wherein: the surface of the convex partial reflector (2) is plated with an optical film layer which can transmit polarized light and reflect the polarized light vertical to the transmission; the micro display has the highest reflectivity for the light emitting wavelength of the micro display (4) pixel and has the highest transmissivity for the wavelength except the light emitting wavelength of the micro display (4); the surface of the concave partial reflector (3) is coated with an optical film layer, so that the concave partial reflector has the highest reflectivity for the light-emitting wavelength of the pixel of the micro display (4) and has the highest transmittance for the wavelength except the light-emitting wavelength of the micro display (4).

6. The short focus, near-to-eye display system of claim 1, wherein: the linear display can be formed by splicing a plurality of sections of linear micro display units (4b-3), a non-display area (4b-4) is arranged between every two adjacent linear display units (4b-3), a driving circuit is arranged in the non-display area (4b-4), and a display overlapping area (4b-5) is reserved at the splicing position of every two adjacent circles of linear display units (4b-3) and used for compensating assembly errors.

7. The short focus, near-to-eye display system of claim 1, wherein: a rotating ring (4b-6) is connected to the edge of the linear display, a rotating small hole is arranged on one side of the center of the linear display (4b) opposite to the light-emitting pixel (4b-1), a rotating support (21) is arranged in front of the concave part reflector (3), a thin shaft (18) is fixed at the center, the diameter of the thin shaft (18) is matched with the small hole and used for limiting the radial movement of the linear display (4b), and the linear display (4b) rotates around the thin shaft;

an inner magnetic ring (10) is fixed on the outer side of the rotating ring (4b-6), and the inner magnetic ring (10) and the rotating ring (4b-6) rotate simultaneously; an outer magnetic ring (12) fixed on the spectacle frame is arranged at the outer side of the inner magnetic ring (10), the inner magnetic ring (10) and the outer magnetic ring (12) form concentric circles, and an air space is formed between the inner magnetic ring (10) and the outer magnetic ring (12) to prevent friction; when the magnetizing directions of the inner magnetic ring (10) and the outer magnetic ring (12) are consistent, magnetic constraint is formed;

and a driving coil or a PCB (11) is arranged on the mirror frame corresponding to the left side or the right side of the rotating ring (4b-6), and the driving coil or the PCB (11) can drive the rotating ring (4b-6) to rotate and can wirelessly supply power to the linear display (4 b).

8. The short focus, near-to-eye display system of claim 1, wherein: a sliding ring (16) is sleeved on the outer ring of the linear display rotating ring (4b-6), a binding magnetic ring (19), a magnetic conductive ring (13) and an abrasion-resistant ring (14) are fixed at the corresponding position of the mirror frame above the sliding ring (16), and a lubricating gap (15) is formed between the abrasion-resistant ring (14) and the sliding ring (16); the binding magnetic ring (19) transmits the magnetic field to the periphery of the lubricating gap (15) through the magnetic conduction ring (13), and magnetic fluid is flushed into the lubricating gap (15) to form a stable sealing structure for liquid lubrication.

9. The short focus, near-to-eye display system of claim 1, wherein: the closed space formed by the convex part reflector (2), the concave part reflector (3) and the mirror frame is filled with nitrogen or inert gas, and the vacuumizing mode is used for preventing the oxidation of internal devices and reducing the rotation resistance.

10. A short focus, near-to-eye display system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the concave part reflector (3) is a strip-shaped concave reflector and synchronously rotates along with the micro display (4).

11. A short-focus near-to-eye display system is characterized in that: the system comprises a micro display (4), a convex partial mirror (2) and a concave partial mirror (3); the micro display (4) is arranged outside the concave partial reflector (3), and the dynamic light chopper (20) is arranged in front of the micro display (4) or one side of the convex partial reflector (2) is provided with the dynamic light chopper (20); the surface type of the non-reflection surface of the convex part reflector (2) and the surface type of the non-reflection surface of the concave part reflector (3) are matched with the surface type of the reflection surface, so that the virtual image is amplified and the myopia degree of a user is adapted.

12. The short focus, near-to-eye display system of claim 11, wherein: the concave part reflector (3) is a strip-shaped concave reflector (25), and the strip-shaped concave reflector (25) is fixedly connected with the outer micro display (4d) and rotates together with the outer micro display; an outer transparent protective shell (26) is arranged on the outer side of the outer micro display (4d) and is fixedly connected with the spectacle frame.

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