


技术领域technical field
本发明涉及新能源汽车领域,尤其涉及一种新能源汽车安全监控方法。The invention relates to the field of new energy vehicles, in particular to a safety monitoring method for new energy vehicles.
背景技术Background technique
当下为了防止新能源汽车自燃,由车载终端实时采集电池管理系统检测到的动力电池的信息发送给目标终端,进行实时监测。但在车辆下电状态车载终端与BMS都失去供电无法工作,采用低压蓄电池供电又会出现低压馈电无法工作,因此难以实现新能源动力汽车的全时段安全监控。At present, in order to prevent the spontaneous combustion of new energy vehicles, the information of the power battery detected by the battery management system is collected by the vehicle terminal in real time and sent to the target terminal for real-time monitoring. However, when the vehicle is powered off, both the on-board terminal and the BMS lose power and cannot work. If the low-voltage battery is used for power supply, the low-voltage feed will fail to work. Therefore, it is difficult to realize the full-time safety monitoring of new energy vehicles.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提出一种下电状态依然能够实现新能源汽车全时段安全监控同时又克服低压蓄电池馈电的汽车安全监控方法。In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a vehicle safety monitoring method that can still realize the full-time safety monitoring of new energy vehicles while overcoming the feeding of low-voltage batteries in a power-off state.
基于上述目的,本发明提供了一种新能源汽车安全监控方法,应用于新能源汽车,其特征在于,所述新能源汽车包括:电池管理系统、直流降压器、动力电池和车机;Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a new energy vehicle safety monitoring method, which is applied to the new energy vehicle, wherein the new energy vehicle includes: a battery management system, a DC voltage reducer, a power battery and a vehicle engine;
所述方法包括:The method includes:
于下电状态下,所述直流降压器根据预设的唤醒模式指令自唤醒,进入唤醒状态;In the power-off state, the DC step-down device self-wakes up according to the preset wake-up mode command, and enters the wake-up state;
所述直流降压器判断动力电池是否满足输出条件,若是,则将所述动力电池输出的较高的第一电压转换为较低的第二电压给所述电池管理系统和车机供电;The DC step-down device judges whether the power battery meets the output condition, and if so, converts the higher first voltage output by the power battery into a lower second voltage to supply power to the battery management system and the vehicle;
所述电池管理系统检测所述动力电池,获得状态信息,依据所述状态信息对所述直流降压器的唤醒状态进行调整,并将所述状态信息发送给所述车机;The battery management system detects the power battery, obtains state information, adjusts the wake-up state of the DC voltage reducer according to the state information, and sends the state information to the vehicle machine;
所述车机将所述状态信息发送至目标终端。The vehicle machine sends the status information to the target terminal.
在一些实施方式中,还包括:In some embodiments, it also includes:
于上电状态下,所述电池管理系统将所述唤醒模式指令发送至所述直流降压器。In a power-on state, the battery management system sends the wake-up mode command to the DC voltage reducer.
在一些实施方式中,所述直流降压器每隔预定的时间间隔自唤醒一次。In some embodiments, the DC buck self-wakes up every predetermined time interval.
在一些实施方式中,所述依据所述状态信息对所述直流降压器的唤醒状态进行调整具体包括:In some embodiments, the adjusting the wake-up state of the DC buck according to the state information specifically includes:
所述电池管理系统依据所述状态信息判断所述动力电池有无故障;The battery management system judges whether the power battery is faulty according to the status information;
若无故障,则下一次自唤醒后,所述唤醒状态的时长为5分钟;If there is no fault, after the next self-wake-up, the duration of the wake-up state is 5 minutes;
若有故障,则所述电池管理系统进一步检测并判断所述故障的等级;If there is a fault, the battery management system further detects and judges the level of the fault;
若所述故障的等级为一级,则下一次自唤醒后,所述唤醒状态的时长为5分钟;If the level of the fault is Level 1, after the next self-wake-up, the duration of the wake-up state is 5 minutes;
若所述故障的等级为二级,则下一次自唤醒后,所述唤醒状态的时长为10分钟;If the level of the fault is Level 2, after the next self-wake-up, the duration of the wake-up state is 10 minutes;
若所述故障的等级为三级,则下一次自唤醒后,所述唤醒状态的时长为15分钟。If the level of the fault is level 3, after the next self-wake-up, the duration of the wake-up state is 15 minutes.
在一些实施方式中,所述电池管理系统与所述直流降压器通过CAN报文通讯。In some embodiments, the battery management system communicates with the DC voltage reducer through CAN messages.
在一些实施方式中,所述输出条件为所述动力电池剩余电量大于15%。In some embodiments, the output condition is that the remaining power of the power battery is greater than 15%.
在一些实施方式中,所述直流降压器由所述动力电池供电。In some embodiments, the DC buck is powered by the power battery.
在一些实施方式中,还包括:In some embodiments, it also includes:
当车辆处于充电状态时,所述直流降压器不开启自唤醒。When the vehicle is in a charging state, the DC buck does not turn on self-wake-up.
在一些实施方式中,还包括:In some embodiments, it also includes:
所述直流降压器自唤醒过程中检测到所述动力电池剩余电量小于15%后切换到行车或充电状态。The DC step-down device switches to the driving or charging state after detecting that the remaining power of the power battery is less than 15% during the wake-up process.
基于同一发明构思,本发明还提供了一种新能源汽车,其特征在于,包括:电池管理系统、直流降压器、动力电池和车机;Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a new energy vehicle, which is characterized by comprising: a battery management system, a DC voltage reducer, a power battery and a vehicle engine;
所述直流降压器,被配置为根据预设的唤醒模式指令自唤醒;以及,判断所述动力电池是否满足输出条件,若是,则将所述动力电池输出的较高的第一电压转换为较低的第二电压给所述电池管理系统和车机供电;The DC step-down device is configured to self-wake up according to a preset wake-up mode command; and, determine whether the power battery meets the output condition, and if so, convert the higher first voltage output by the power battery into a the lower second voltage supplies power to the battery management system and the vehicle;
所述电池管理系统,被配置为检测所述动力电池,获得状态信息,依据所述状态信息对所述直流降压器的唤醒状态进行调整,并将所述状态信息发送给所述车机;The battery management system is configured to detect the power battery, obtain status information, adjust the wake-up status of the DC voltage reducer according to the status information, and send the status information to the vehicle;
所述车机,被配置为将所述状态信息发送至目标终端。The vehicle machine is configured to send the status information to the target terminal.
从上面所述可以看出,本发明提供的一种新能源汽车安全监控方法,通过动力电池与定时唤醒的直流降压器实现对车载终端与电池管理系统的定时供电,在整车断开低压电的情况下,也可以定时唤醒;采集动力电池的关键数据,确保车辆在断电的情况下也可以被大数据平台监控,且不存在车辆低压蓄电池馈电的风险,实现了新能源汽车的24小时全时段安全监控;直流降压器唤醒后,根据电池的实时状态判断需持续唤醒的时间,随着电池故障等级的提高,增加电池的唤醒时间,实现梯度警戒并及时将故障信息推送至售后服务人员及时处理,降低了新能源汽车在静置状态下自燃的概率。It can be seen from the above that a new energy vehicle safety monitoring method provided by the present invention realizes the timing power supply to the vehicle terminal and the battery management system through the power battery and the DC voltage reducer that wakes up regularly, and disconnects the low voltage when the whole vehicle is disconnected. In the case of electricity, it can also be woken up regularly; the key data of the power battery is collected to ensure that the vehicle can be monitored by the big data platform even in the event of a power failure, and there is no risk of feeding the vehicle's low-voltage battery, realizing the new energy vehicle. 24-hour full-time safety monitoring; after the DC buck wakes up, it determines the time it needs to continue to wake up according to the real-time status of the battery. With the improvement of the battery failure level, the battery wake-up time is increased, and the gradient warning is realized and the fault information is pushed to the system in time. The after-sales service personnel deal with it in time, which reduces the probability of spontaneous combustion of new energy vehicles in a stationary state.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
图1为本发明一个实施例的一种新能源汽车安全监控方法的概括流程图;Fig. 1 is the general flow chart of a kind of new energy vehicle safety monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明一个实施例一种新能源汽车安全监控方法的细节流程图;2 is a detailed flow chart of a method for monitoring the safety of a new energy vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明一个实施例一种新能源汽车的配置图。FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a new energy vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白,以下结合具体实施例,并参照附图,对本发明进一步详细说明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
需要说明的是,除非另外定义,本发明实施例使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性,而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同,而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接,而是可以包括电性的连接,不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系,当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后,则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present invention shall have the usual meanings understood by those with ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs. As used in this disclosure, "first," "second," and similar terms do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish the various components. "Comprises" or "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements or things appearing before the word encompass the elements or things recited after the word and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or things. Words like "connected" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "Down", "Left", "Right", etc. are only used to represent the relative positional relationship, and when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
随着新能源汽车推广,新能源汽车的安全性,特别是电池的安全性得到越来越广泛的关注,由于电池热失控导致车辆自燃的事故逐年增长,新能源汽车安全事故频发,新能源汽车安全防火课题成为了当下新能源汽车安全性研究的热门。目前,新能源车自燃主要发生在驾驶员离开后,车辆处于静置且断电状态时。这一段时间由于没有人的监控,也没有云平台的监控,电池出现热失控不能及时处置。With the promotion of new energy vehicles, the safety of new energy vehicles, especially the safety of batteries, has received more and more attention. Due to the thermal runaway of batteries, the accident of vehicle spontaneous combustion has increased year by year, and new energy vehicle safety accidents have occurred frequently. The subject of automobile safety and fire prevention has become a hot topic in the current research on the safety of new energy vehicles. At present, the spontaneous combustion of new energy vehicles mainly occurs when the vehicle is stationary and powered off after the driver leaves. During this period of time, due to no human monitoring and no monitoring of the cloud platform, the thermal runaway of the battery cannot be disposed of in time.
传统的新能源汽车安全监控方法通过增加烟雾传感器,二氧化碳降温阻燃装置。当检测到烟雾传感器报警时,二氧化碳阻燃装置工作,对着火点进行降温、阻隔空气,实现防止火灾发生的目的。该方法只能是电池出现自燃时减少自燃产生的损失,不能从根本上杜绝自燃现象的发生。The traditional new energy vehicle safety monitoring method adds smoke sensors and carbon dioxide cooling and flame retardant devices. When the smoke sensor alarm is detected, the carbon dioxide flame retardant device works to cool the ignition point and block the air, so as to prevent the occurrence of fire. This method can only reduce the loss caused by spontaneous combustion when the battery occurs spontaneously, and cannot fundamentally prevent the occurrence of spontaneous combustion.
随着网络和通信技术的进一步发展,可以通过以下流程实现对车辆的安全监控,防止车辆自燃:在车载终端与电池管理系统都有低压供电的条件下,车载终端实时采集电池电池管理系统数据,车载终端将采集到的电池数据经过4G模块发送网络平台。网络平台对获取的电池大数据进行处理,并与历史的安全项数据进行比对,预测出电池自燃的可能性。当电池自燃的可能性高于某个阀值时,通过手机APP将信息推送至驾驶员与售后服务人员,并给出导致自燃的原因,再由售后服务人员提前赶至现场处理。但是车辆在驾驶员断开钥匙后,由于车载终端与电池管理系统都失去了低压供电,以上流程将无法实现,车辆将失去安全监控功能。如果将车载终端、电池管理系统与低电压蓄电池直接相连,由于车载终端与电池管理系统存在待机功耗,车辆摆放一段时间后将出现低压馈电的情况,同样将失去安全监控功能。为了克服以上不足,本发明提供了一种新能源汽车24小时安全监控方法。在驾驶员断开钥匙后,依然能够定时唤醒电池管理系统与车载终端,确保车辆在静置时的数据能够上传到平台,实现车辆的提前预警,同时又能让低压蓄电池不馈电。为了实现车辆24小时安全监控功能,车载终端与电池管理系统需在整车断开低压电的情况下工作。此时直流降压器将动力电池540V电压转换为24V低压电,为车载终端、电池管理系统提供低压电源。钥匙断开时,通过对直流降压器定时唤醒,为车载终端、电池管理系统提供低压电源。在钥匙开启时,通过低压蓄电池给电池管理系统、车载终端供电。With the further development of network and communication technology, vehicle safety monitoring can be achieved through the following process to prevent vehicle spontaneous combustion: Under the condition that both the vehicle terminal and the battery management system have low-voltage power supply, the vehicle terminal collects the data of the battery management system in real time, The vehicle terminal sends the collected battery data to the network platform through the 4G module. The network platform processes the acquired battery big data and compares it with the historical safety item data to predict the possibility of battery spontaneous combustion. When the possibility of spontaneous combustion of the battery is higher than a certain threshold, the information will be pushed to the driver and after-sales service personnel through the mobile phone APP, and the reasons for the spontaneous combustion will be given, and then the after-sales service personnel will rush to the scene in advance to deal with it. However, after the driver disconnects the key, the on-board terminal and the battery management system both lose low-voltage power supply, so the above process will not be possible, and the vehicle will lose its safety monitoring function. If the on-board terminal and the battery management system are directly connected to the low-voltage battery, due to the standby power consumption of the on-board terminal and the battery management system, the low-voltage feed will occur after the vehicle is placed for a period of time, and the safety monitoring function will also be lost. In order to overcome the above deficiencies, the present invention provides a 24-hour safety monitoring method for a new energy vehicle. After the driver disconnects the key, the battery management system and the on-board terminal can still be woken up regularly to ensure that the data of the vehicle can be uploaded to the platform when the vehicle is stationary, so as to realize the early warning of the vehicle, and at the same time, the low-voltage battery can not be fed. In order to realize the 24-hour safety monitoring function of the vehicle, the on-board terminal and the battery management system need to work when the low-voltage power of the whole vehicle is disconnected. At this time, the DC voltage reducer converts the 540V voltage of the power battery into 24V low-voltage power, which provides low-voltage power for the vehicle terminal and battery management system. When the key is disconnected, the low-voltage power supply is provided for the on-board terminal and the battery management system by regularly waking up the DC voltage reducer. When the key is turned on, power is supplied to the battery management system and the vehicle terminal through the low-voltage battery.
针对以上问题,本发明的优先设计一种针对新能源汽车的24小时安全监控方法,定时的唤醒电池电池管理系统与车载终端,将电池数据上传至大数据平台,根据电池的故障信息配置电池管理系统唤醒时间,实现电池故障状态的及时报警机制,降低新能源汽车在静置状态下自燃的概率,构思为:In view of the above problems, the present invention preferentially designs a 24-hour safety monitoring method for new energy vehicles, which regularly wakes up the battery battery management system and the vehicle terminal, uploads battery data to the big data platform, and configures battery management according to battery fault information. The wake-up time of the system realizes the timely alarm mechanism of the battery failure state and reduces the probability of spontaneous combustion of the new energy vehicle in the stationary state. The concept is as follows:
1)通过动力电池与定时唤醒的直流降压器实现对车载终端与电池管理系统的定时供电。在整车断开低压电的情况下,也可以定时唤醒,采集动力电池的关键数据,确保车辆在断电的情况下也可以被大数据平台监控。且不存在车辆低电压蓄电池馈电的风险。1) The timing power supply to the vehicle terminal and the battery management system is realized through the power battery and the DC step-down device that wakes up regularly. When the whole vehicle is disconnected from the low-voltage power supply, it can also be woken up regularly to collect key data of the power battery to ensure that the vehicle can also be monitored by the big data platform in the event of a power outage. And there is no risk of vehicle low-voltage battery feeding.
2)直流降压器唤醒后,根据电池的实时状态判断需持续唤醒的时间。随着电池故障等级的提高,增加直流降压器的唤醒时间。当电池出现3级严重故障时,直流降压器会持续唤醒,大数据平台持续收集电池管理系统数据,将故障信息推送至售后服务人员及时处理,防止车辆自燃。2) After the DC buck wakes up, the time to wake up is determined according to the real-time status of the battery. Increase the wake-up time of the DC buck as the battery fault level increases. When the battery has a level 3 serious fault, the DC voltage reducer will continue to wake up, and the big data platform will continue to collect the data of the battery management system, and push the fault information to the after-sales service personnel for timely processing to prevent the vehicle from spontaneous combustion.
下面结合图1为本发明一个实施例的一种新能源汽车安全监控方法的概括流程图、图2为本发明一个实施例一种新能源汽车安全监控方法的细节流程图、图3为本发明一个实施例一种新能源汽车的配置图对本发明做进一步说明。1 is a general flow chart of a new energy vehicle safety monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a detailed flow chart of a new energy vehicle safety monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is the present invention An embodiment of the present invention is further described with a configuration diagram of a new energy vehicle.
一种新能源汽车安全监控方法,应用于新能源汽车,新能源汽车是指采用非常规的车用燃料作为动力来源(或使用常规的车用燃料、采用新型车载动力装置),综合车辆的动力控制和驱动方面的先进技术,形成的技术原理先进、具有新技术、新结构的汽车,其特征在于,所述新能源汽车包括:电池管理系统、直流降压器、动力电池和车机;A new energy vehicle safety monitoring method is applied to new energy vehicles. The advanced technology in control and drive forms a vehicle with advanced technical principles, new technology and new structure, characterized in that the new energy vehicle includes: a battery management system, a DC voltage reducer, a power battery and a vehicle engine;
电池管理系统是电池与用户之间的纽带。其主要对象是二次电池,主要就是功能是提高电池的利用率,防止电池出现过度充电和过度放电。电池管理系统主要功能有:准确估测SOC;准确估测动力电池组的荷电状态(State of Charge,即SOC),即电池剩余电量,保证SOC维持在合理的范围内,防止由于过充电或过放电对电池造成损伤,并随时显示混合动力汽车储能电池的剩余能量,即储能电池的荷电状态;动态监测:在电池充放电过程中,实时采集电动汽车蓄电池组中的每块电池的端电压和温度、充放电电流及电池包总电压,防止电池发生过充电或过放电现象。同时能够及时给出电池状况,挑选出有问题的电池,保持整组电池运行的可靠性和高效性,使剩余电量估计模型的实现成为可能。除此以外,还要建立每块电池的使用历史档案,为进一步优化和开发新型电、充电器、电动机等提供资料,为离线分析系统故障提供依据。电池充放电的过程通常会采用精度更高、稳定性更好的电流传感器来进行实时检测,一般电流根据电池管理系统的前端电流大小不同,来选择相应的传感器量程进行接近;电池间的均衡:即为单体电池均衡充电,使电池组中各个电池都达到均衡一致的状态。The battery management system is the link between the battery and the user. Its main object is the secondary battery, and its main function is to improve the utilization rate of the battery and prevent the battery from being overcharged and overdischarged. The main functions of the battery management system are: accurately estimate the SOC; accurately estimate the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery pack, that is, the remaining battery power, to ensure that the SOC is maintained within a reasonable range, and prevent the battery from overcharging or charging. Over-discharge causes damage to the battery, and displays the remaining energy of the hybrid vehicle energy storage battery at any time, that is, the state of charge of the energy storage battery; dynamic monitoring: in the process of battery charging and discharging, real-time collection of each battery in the electric vehicle battery pack The terminal voltage and temperature, the charging and discharging current and the total voltage of the battery pack can prevent the battery from being overcharged or overdischarged. At the same time, it can give the battery status in time, select the problematic battery, maintain the reliability and high efficiency of the entire battery group, and make it possible to realize the remaining power estimation model. In addition, the use history file of each battery should be established to provide data for further optimization and development of new batteries, chargers, motors, etc., and to provide a basis for offline analysis of system failures. In the process of battery charging and discharging, current sensors with higher accuracy and better stability are usually used for real-time detection. Generally, the current is selected according to the front-end current of the battery management system, and the corresponding sensor range is selected for proximity; the balance between batteries: That is, the single battery is charged in a balanced manner, so that each battery in the battery pack reaches a balanced and consistent state.
直流降压器是把高压的直流电变换为低压的直流电的装置,包括有降压模块、整流模块和滤波电路等模块。A DC step-down device is a device that converts high-voltage DC power into low-voltage DC power, including modules such as step-down modules, rectifier modules, and filter circuits.
动力电池是为新能源汽车提供动力来源的电源,用于汽车发动机起动的起动电池多采用阀口密封式铅酸蓄电池、敞口式管式铅酸蓄电池以及磷酸铁锂蓄电池。The power battery is the power source that provides the power source for the new energy vehicle. The starting battery used for starting the automobile engine mostly adopts the valve-sealed lead-acid battery, the open-type tubular lead-acid battery and the lithium iron phosphate battery.
车机是安装在汽车里面的车载信息娱乐产品的简称,车机在功能上要能够实现人与车,车与外界(车与车)的信息通讯,大多安装在中控台里面,有的车机主机和屏幕是在一起,有的车机主机和屏幕分离的。The car machine is the abbreviation of the in-vehicle infotainment products installed in the car. The car machine must be able to realize the information communication between people and cars, and the car and the outside world (car and car). Most of them are installed in the center console. The main unit and the screen are together, and in some cases the main unit and the screen are separated.
新能源汽车每次行车下电,或充电下电或自唤醒下电前,电池管理系统通过CAN报文将唤醒模式指令发送至所述直流降压器,唤醒模式指令存储在直流降压器中,待新能源汽车状态改变时,引导直流降压器切换对应的工作状态。The battery management system sends the wake-up mode command to the DC step-down device through the CAN message, and the wake-up mode command is stored in the DC step-down device. , when the state of the new energy vehicle changes, guide the DC step-down device to switch the corresponding working state.
进一步的,所述电池管理系统与所述直流降压器通过CAN报文通讯,即常用车辆CAN总线通讯协议。制定新能源汽车的CAN协议,可以在SAE-J1939的基础上,根据自身电动汽车的需求,做出必要的调整。CAN通信协议的制定主要包括物理层和应用层协议两个方面,其中最主要的工作还是集中在应用层上。物理层对一系列硬件参数进行了规定,包含总线供电电压、接入系统设备数目、允许的连接器类型、线缆长度以及波特率等。应用层主要规定的内容包括:标识符的分配,报文的发送和接收规则,系统内节点的优先级分配等等。优选的,鉴于新能源汽车与传统汽车相比存在的很多不同特点,针对一款新能源汽车的车型建立CAN通讯协议,需要明确的事项包括:确定拓普网络结构,具体分配节点地址源码,定义报文发送周期等等。Further, the battery management system communicates with the DC voltage reducer through CAN messages, that is, a common vehicle CAN bus communication protocol. To formulate the CAN protocol for new energy vehicles, on the basis of SAE-J1939, necessary adjustments can be made according to the needs of their own electric vehicles. The formulation of the CAN communication protocol mainly includes two aspects: the physical layer and the application layer protocol, and the most important work is still concentrated on the application layer. The physical layer specifies a series of hardware parameters, including bus supply voltage, number of devices connected to the system, allowable connector types, cable lengths, and baud rates. The main contents of the application layer include: the allocation of identifiers, the rules for sending and receiving messages, the priority allocation of nodes in the system, and so on. Preferably, in view of the many different characteristics of new energy vehicles compared with traditional vehicles, to establish a CAN communication protocol for a new energy vehicle model, the items that need to be clarified include: determine the topology of the network structure, assign the node address source code specifically, define The message sending cycle and so on.
S1:于下电状态下,所述直流降压器根据预设的唤醒模式指令自唤醒;S1: in the power-off state, the DC step-down device self-wakes up according to a preset wake-up mode command;
新能源汽车在下电状态下,直流降压器在自唤醒计时时间到时,根据接收到的电池管理系统在上电状态时发送的唤醒模式指令每隔预定的时间间隔自唤醒一次,进入自唤醒状态;当车辆处于充电状态时,所述直流降压器不开启自唤醒。In the power-off state of the new energy vehicle, when the self-wake-up timer expires, the DC buck will self-wake up every predetermined time interval according to the wake-up mode command sent by the battery management system in the power-on state, and enter self-wake-up. state; when the vehicle is in the charging state, the DC voltage reducer does not turn on self-wake-up.
进一步的,在下电状态下,所述直流降压器由所述动力电池供电,将直流降压器与动力电池直接连接保证了在车辆下电状态下直流降压器仍能正常工作,且动力电池提供的电量远大于一般低压储蓄电池,使得直流降压器的工作时长大大提高,同时直流降压器本身能在电池管理系统的控制下对动力电池输出的电压电流依据新能源汽车工作要求进行调节。Further, in the power-off state, the DC step-down device is powered by the power battery, and the direct connection between the DC step-down device and the power battery ensures that the DC step-down device can still work normally when the vehicle is powered off, and the power The power provided by the battery is much larger than that of the general low-voltage storage battery, which greatly increases the working time of the DC step-down device. At the same time, the DC step-down device itself can output the voltage and current of the power battery under the control of the battery management system according to the working requirements of the new energy vehicle. adjust.
S2:所述直流降压器判断动力电池是否满足输出条件,若是,则将所述动力电池输出的较高的第一电压转换为较低的第二电压给所述电池管理系统和车机供电;S2: The DC step-down device determines whether the power battery meets the output conditions, and if so, converts the higher first voltage output by the power battery into a lower second voltage to supply power to the battery management system and the vehicle ;
当直流降压器自唤醒后,首先判断所述动力电池剩余电量是否大于15%,若动力电池电量低于15%则切换到行车或充电状态,保障新能源汽车动力电池的电量能够满足下电时安全监控工作的电量;若动力电池的电量大于等于15%时,则在对直流降压器供电的同时,直流降压器将动力电池540V的高电压进行降压至24V,动力电池降压后给电池管理系统和车机供电。When the DC voltage reducer wakes up, it first determines whether the remaining power of the power battery is greater than 15%. If the power battery power is lower than 15%, it switches to the driving or charging state to ensure that the power of the power battery of the new energy vehicle can meet the power off. When the power of the power battery is safely monitored; if the power of the power battery is greater than or equal to 15%, while supplying power to the DC step-down device, the DC step-down device will step down the high voltage of the power battery from 540V to 24V, and the power battery will step down. Then supply power to the battery management system and the vehicle.
S3:所述电池管理系统检测所述动力电池,获得状态信息,依据所述状态信息对所述直流降压器的唤醒状态进行调整,并将所述状态信息发送给所述车机;S3: The battery management system detects the power battery, obtains state information, adjusts the wake-up state of the DC voltage reducer according to the state information, and sends the state information to the vehicle machine;
电池管理系统实时动态检测动力电池的端电压和温度、充放电电流及电池包总电压等状态,并将这些状态信息采集起来,发送给车机。The battery management system dynamically detects the terminal voltage and temperature of the power battery, the charging and discharging current, and the total voltage of the battery pack in real time, and collects these status information and sends it to the vehicle.
进一步的,电池管理系统根据这些状态信息,实时控制所述直流降压器的唤醒状态的时长进行不同梯度的调整。具体包括:Further, according to the state information, the battery management system controls the duration of the wake-up state of the DC voltage reducer in real time to adjust different gradients. Specifically include:
所述电池管理系统依据所收集的状态信息判断所述动力电池有无故障;The battery management system judges whether the power battery is faulty according to the collected state information;
如果电池管理系统检测得到动力电池没有故障,则直流降压器在下一次自唤醒后,保持的唤醒状态的时长为5分钟,同时控制动力电池对电池管理系统和车机持续供电5分钟;If the battery management system detects that the power battery is not faulty, the DC buck will keep the wake-up state for 5 minutes after the next self-wake-up, and control the power battery to continuously supply power to the battery management system and the vehicle for 5 minutes;
如果电池管理系统检测得到动力电池有故障,则电池管理系统进一步根据电池的状态信息判断故障的等级,并根据等级进行唤醒状态时长的调整,来保证安全监控的精准度和安全监控的实时性:If the battery management system detects that the power battery is faulty, the battery management system further determines the fault level according to the status information of the battery, and adjusts the duration of the wake-up state according to the level to ensure the accuracy of safety monitoring and the real-time performance of safety monitoring:
若所述动力电池的故障的等级为一级,则下一次直流降压器自唤醒后,直流降压器的唤醒状态的时长为5分钟,同时控制动力电池对电池管理系统和车机持续供电5分钟;If the fault level of the power battery is Level 1, after the next DC buck self-wake-up, the duration of the wake-up state of the DC buck is 5 minutes, and the power battery is controlled to continuously supply power to the battery management system and the vehicle. 5 minutes;
若所述动力电池的故障的等级为二级,则下一次直流降压器自唤醒后,直流降压器的唤醒状态的时长为10分钟,同时控制动力电池对电池管理系统和车机持续供电10分钟;If the fault level of the power battery is Level 2, after the next DC buck self-wake-up, the duration of the wake-up state of the DC buck is 10 minutes, and the power battery is controlled to continuously supply power to the battery management system and the vehicle. 10 minutes;
若所述动力电池的故障的等级为三级,则下一次直流降压器自唤醒后,直流降压器的唤醒状态的时长为15分钟,同时控制动力电池对电池管理系统和车机持续供电15分钟;If the fault level of the power battery is level 3, after the next DC buck self-wake-up, the duration of the wake-up state of the DC buck is 15 minutes, and the power battery is controlled to continuously supply power to the battery management system and the vehicle. 15 minutes;
进一步的,所述动力电池故障的等级一级为最低,三级为最高,具体故障的分类分级标准并不一定呈等梯度,可根据具体动力电池的属性进行设置。Further, the first level of the power battery fault is the lowest, and the third level is the highest. The classification and grading standards of specific faults are not necessarily equal gradients, and can be set according to the properties of the specific power battery.
S4:所述车机将所述状态信息发送至目标终端。S4: The vehicle machine sends the state information to the target terminal.
车机接受到电池管理系统发送的动力电池的状态信息后,实时将这些信息发送给有分析、处理和预警等功能的目标终端。优选的,目标终端可以为能反应车辆状态的手机端APP或者与汽车售后服务中心相连的大数据服务器平台。After receiving the status information of the power battery sent by the battery management system, the vehicle machine sends the information to the target terminal with functions of analysis, processing and early warning in real time. Preferably, the target terminal may be a mobile phone APP that can reflect the state of the vehicle or a big data server platform connected to the automobile after-sales service center.
此外,基于同一发明构思,本申请还提供了一种新能源汽车,包括:电池管理系统、直流降压器、动力电池和车机;In addition, based on the same inventive concept, the present application also provides a new energy vehicle, including: a battery management system, a DC voltage reducer, a power battery and a vehicle engine;
所述直流降压器,被配置为根据预设的唤醒模式指令自唤醒;以及,判断所述动力电池是否满足输出条件,若是,则将所述动力电池输出的较高的第一电压转换为较低的第二电压给所述电池管理系统和车机供电;The DC step-down device is configured to self-wake up according to a preset wake-up mode command; and, determine whether the power battery meets the output condition, and if so, convert the higher first voltage output by the power battery into a the lower second voltage supplies power to the battery management system and the vehicle;
所述电池管理系统,被配置为检测所述动力电池,获得状态信息,依据所述状态信息对所述直流降压器的唤醒状态进行调整,并将所述状态信息发送给所述车机;The battery management system is configured to detect the power battery, obtain status information, adjust the wake-up status of the DC voltage reducer according to the status information, and send the status information to the vehicle;
所述车机,被配置为将所述状态信息发送至目标终端。The vehicle machine is configured to send the status information to the target terminal.
在一些实施方式中,所述电池管理系统,还被配置为于上电状态下,所述电池管理系统将所述唤醒模式指令发送至所述直流降压器。In some embodiments, the battery management system is further configured to send the wake-up mode command to the DC voltage reducer in a power-on state.
在一些实施方式中,所述直流降压器,还被配置为每隔预定的时间间隔自唤醒一次。In some embodiments, the DC step-down device is further configured to self-wake up once every predetermined time interval.
在一些实施方式中,所述电池管理系统,还被配置为依据所述状态信息对所述直流降压器的唤醒状态进行调整具体包括:In some embodiments, the battery management system is further configured to adjust the wake-up state of the DC voltage reducer according to the state information, specifically including:
所述电池管理系统依据所述状态信息判断所述动力电池有无故障;The battery management system judges whether the power battery is faulty according to the status information;
若无故障,则下一次自唤醒后,所述唤醒状态的时长为5分钟;If there is no fault, after the next self-wake-up, the duration of the wake-up state is 5 minutes;
若有故障,则所述电池管理系统进一步检测并判断所述故障的等级;If there is a fault, the battery management system further detects and judges the level of the fault;
若所述故障的等级为一级,则下一次自唤醒后,所述唤醒状态的时长为5分钟;If the level of the fault is Level 1, after the next self-wake-up, the duration of the wake-up state is 5 minutes;
若所述故障的等级为二级,则下一次自唤醒后,所述唤醒状态的时长为10分钟;If the level of the fault is Level 2, after the next self-wake-up, the duration of the wake-up state is 10 minutes;
若所述故障的等级为三级,则下一次自唤醒后,所述唤醒状态的时长为15分钟。If the level of the fault is level 3, after the next self-wake-up, the duration of the wake-up state is 15 minutes.
在一些实施方式中,所述电池管理系统,还被配置为通过CAN报文与所述直流降压器通讯。In some embodiments, the battery management system is further configured to communicate with the DC voltage reducer through CAN messages.
在一些实施方式中,所述动力电池,还被配置为输出条件为剩余电量大于15%。In some embodiments, the power battery is further configured to output the condition that the remaining power is greater than 15%.
在一些实施方式中,所述直流降压器,还被配置为由所述动力电池供电。In some embodiments, the DC voltage reducer is further configured to be powered by the power battery.
在一些实施方式中,所述直流降压器,还被配置为当车辆处于充电状态时不开启自唤醒。In some embodiments, the DC buck is further configured to not turn on self-wakeup when the vehicle is in a charging state.
在一些实施方式中,所述直流降压器,还被配置为自唤醒过程中检测到所述动力电池剩余电量小于15%后切换到行车或充电状态。In some embodiments, the DC voltage reducer is further configured to switch to the driving or charging state after detecting that the remaining power of the power battery is less than 15% during the wake-up process.
上述实施例的新能源汽车由于应用了前述一种新能源汽车安全监控方法实施例中相应的方法,并且具有相应的方法实施例的有益效果,在此不再赘述。Since the new energy vehicle of the above-mentioned embodiment applies the corresponding method in the above-mentioned embodiment of the safety monitoring method for a new energy vehicle, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiment, it will not be repeated here.
所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解:以上任何实施例的讨论仅为示例性的,并非旨在暗示本公开的范围(包括权利要求)被限于这些例子;在本发明的思路下,以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以进行组合,步骤可以以任意顺序实现,并存在如上所述的本发明的不同方面的许多其它变化,为了简明它们没有在细节中提供。Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is only exemplary, and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present disclosure (including the claims) is limited to these examples; under the spirit of the present invention, the above embodiments or There may also be combinations between technical features in different embodiments, steps may be carried out in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
另外,为简化说明和讨论,并且为了不会使本发明难以理解,在所提供的附图中可以示出或可以不示出与集成电路(IC)芯片和其它部件的公知的电源/接地连接。此外,可以以框图的形式示出装置,以便避免使本发明难以理解,并且这也考虑了以下事实,即关于这些框图装置的实施方式的细节是高度取决于将要实施本发明的平台的(即,这些细节应当完全处于本领域技术人员的理解范围内)。在阐述了具体细节(例如,电路)以描述本发明的示例性实施例的情况下,对本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是,可以在没有这些具体细节的情况下或者这些具体细节有变化的情况下实施本发明。因此,这些描述应被认为是说明性的而不是限制性的。Additionally, well known power/ground connections to integrated circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown in the figures provided in order to simplify illustration and discussion, and in order not to obscure the present invention. . Furthermore, devices may be shown in block diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the present invention, and this also takes into account the fact that the details regarding the implementation of these block diagram devices are highly dependent on the platform on which the invention will be implemented (i.e. , these details should be fully within the understanding of those skilled in the art). Where specific details (eg, circuits) are set forth to describe exemplary embodiments of the invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details may be used without or with changes The present invention is carried out below. Accordingly, these descriptions are to be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.
尽管已经结合了本发明的具体实施例对本发明进行了描述,但是根据前面的描述,这些实施例的很多替换、修改和变型对本领域普通技术人员来说将是显而易见的。例如,其它存储器架构(例如,动态RAM(DRAM))可以使用所讨论的实施例。Although the present invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many alternatives, modifications, and variations to these embodiments will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (eg, dynamic RAM (DRAM)) may use the discussed embodiments.
本发明的实施例旨在涵盖落入所附权利要求的宽泛范围之内的所有这样的替换、修改和变型。因此,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何省略、修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。Embodiments of the present invention are intended to cover all such alternatives, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omission, modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911205187.8ACN112874303B (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | New energy automobile safety monitoring method |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911205187.8ACN112874303B (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | New energy automobile safety monitoring method |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112874303A CN112874303A (en) | 2021-06-01 |
| CN112874303Btrue CN112874303B (en) | 2022-09-13 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911205187.8AActiveCN112874303B (en) | 2019-11-29 | 2019-11-29 | New energy automobile safety monitoring method |
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