[ detailed description ] embodiments
For better understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, the following detailed descriptions of the embodiments of the present application are provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in the examples of this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire alarm system according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the fire alarm System provided in the embodiment of the present application may include a Vehicle Controller Unit (VCU), a Body Controller Module (BCM), a Battery Manager (BMS), a temperature sensor, a camera, an On-board charger (OBC), and a Telematics BOX (T-BOX).
The vehicle control unit is connected with the battery manager, the vehicle body controller and the vehicle-mounted charger respectively. Further, the battery manager is connected with the vehicle-mounted charger, and the vehicle body controller is connected with the temperature sensor, the remote information processor and the camera.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a fire alarm method according to an embodiment of the present application. The fire-proof alarm method provided by the embodiment can be applied to the vehicle control unit provided by the embodiment of the application.
The fire-prevention alarm method provided by the embodiment of the application can comprise the following steps:
step 101, when the vehicle control unit detects that a target vehicle is in an uncharged state, acquiring temperature data acquired by temperature sensors arranged at different positions of the target vehicle.
In the embodiment of the application, when the target vehicle is in a parking state, the vehicle control unit may detect whether the target vehicle is currently in a charging state. In one possible implementation manner, the vehicle control unit may receive charging connection information sent by an on-board charger of the target vehicle, and determine whether a charging interface of the target vehicle and the charging gun are in a connection state according to the charging connection information. If it is determined to be in the unconnected state, the target vehicle may be considered to be currently in the uncharged state.
When the target vehicle is determined to be in the non-charging state, the vehicle control unit can acquire temperature data acquired by each temperature sensor of the target vehicle. In one possible implementation, the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor may be sent to the vehicle body controller, and then the vehicle body controller may send the received temperature data to the vehicle control unit.
In the embodiment of the present application, the temperature sensors may be dispersedly disposed at a plurality of different locations of the target vehicle, so that the temperature of the target vehicle can be monitored more comprehensively. The specific number and arrangement positions of the temperature sensors are not limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, three temperature sensors may be provided, respectively in the front compartment, the left side and the right side of the target vehicle.
In the embodiment of the application, different labels can be set for the temperature data sent by the temperature sensors at different positions in order to distinguish the temperature data at each position. Therefore, the vehicle control unit can distinguish temperature data at different positions according to the tags.
And 102, if the temperature data acquired by the temperature sensor at the target position is higher than the corresponding temperature threshold value, the vehicle control unit acquires image data of the surrounding environment of the target vehicle acquired by the camera arranged on the target vehicle.
Due to the functional and structural differences of different positions of the target vehicle in the practical application scenario, different temperature thresholds can be set for the temperature sensors at the different positions. Also taking the above 3 sensors as an example, since the front cabin of the target vehicle is usually provided with a device that dissipates heat more, such as a motor, a higher temperature threshold value can be set for the temperature sensor at the front cabin. Whereas there is generally little heat dissipation on both sides of the target vehicle, lower temperature thresholds may be set for the left and right side temperature sensors.
Based on the above description, after receiving the temperature data of each location, the vehicle control unit may determine whether the temperature data of each location is higher than the temperature threshold corresponding to the temperature sensor of the location. When the vehicle control unit judges that the temperature data of at least one target position is higher than the temperature threshold value corresponding to the position in the temperature data corresponding to each position, the temperature of the body of the target vehicle is considered to be too high and is in an abnormal state. At this time, the vehicle control unit may acquire image data of the surroundings of the target vehicle, which is acquired by the camera of the target vehicle.
Specifically, the vehicle control unit may send a first control signal to the vehicle body controller, and the vehicle body controller sends the first control signal to the camera. Furthermore, the camera can acquire the image data of the surrounding environment of the target vehicle according to the first control signal. And the camera can send the acquired image data to the vehicle control unit through the vehicle body controller.
In the embodiment of the application, the camera can be a panoramic camera, and the position and the number of the camera can be set according to the requirements of actual conditions. For example, a look-around camera may be provided at the roof of the subject vehicle.
And 103, generating alarm information by the vehicle control unit according to the temperature data and/or the image data acquired by the temperature sensor at the target position.
First, the vehicle control unit may generate alarm prompt information after receiving image data of the surrounding environment of the target vehicle.
Specifically, the vehicle control unit may detect the received image data to determine whether the image includes abnormal information such as flame, smoke, and the like.
In one possible implementation manner, the vehicle control unit determines that the image contains abnormal information, and considers that the surrounding environment of the target vehicle is abnormal. At this point, a first alert prompt may be generated. The content of the first alarm prompt message may be: prompting the user to initiate an automatic driving function to drive away from the current location. The first alarm prompt message may be in the form of: voice prompt, text prompt, vibration prompt and other prompt forms.
In another possible implementation manner, the vehicle control unit determines that the image does not contain abnormal information, and at this time, second warning prompt information may be generated. The content of the second alarm prompt message may be: the user is prompted to check the target vehicle surroundings. Therefore, the risk of target vehicle fire caused by the misidentification of the whole vehicle controller can be reduced.
Then, the vehicle control unit can determine the alarm prompt information, the temperature data acquired by the temperature sensor at the target position and the image data as alarm information.
And step 104, the vehicle control unit sends the alarm information to a vehicle cloud platform, and the vehicle cloud platform sends the alarm information to a user corresponding to the target vehicle.
In this application embodiment, vehicle control unit after having confirmed alarm information, can send alarm information for the user that the target vehicle corresponds to the user can in time take emergency measures, takes precautions against the vehicle and catches fire.
In a possible implementation manner, the vehicle control unit may send the determined alarm information to a vehicle cloud platform corresponding to the target vehicle, and then the vehicle cloud platform sends the alarm information to the user in the form of a phone call, a short message, or a page message in an application program. Correspondingly, the vehicle cloud platform can also receive feedback information sent by the user, send the feedback information to the vehicle control unit, and the vehicle control unit executes corresponding operation according to the feedback information of the user. For example, the vehicle cloud platform may receive an instruction sent by a user to initiate autonomous driving, and may send the instruction to the vehicle control unit. After receiving the automatic driving starting command, the vehicle control unit can start an automatic driving system of the target vehicle and automatically drive away from the current position.
In another possible implementation manner, the vehicle control unit may send the determined alarm information to a vehicle body controller of the target vehicle. The body controller may then send the alert information to the telematics processor of the target vehicle. Further, the remote information processor sends the alarm information to a cloud platform corresponding to the target vehicle.
In this embodiment, the vehicle cloud platform may be a Telematics Service Provider (TSP).
In the embodiment of the application, the safety state and the surrounding environment of the target vehicle can be monitored in the non-charging state of the target vehicle during parking, alarm information can be timely sent to the user of the target vehicle under the condition that the temperature of the target vehicle is abnormal or the surrounding environment is abnormal, the risk of vehicle combustion is reduced, and the property safety of the user is guaranteed.
In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the fire alarm method may further include:
step 201, when the vehicle control unit determines that the target vehicle is in a charging state according to the charging connection information, first current data for charging the battery pack is acquired through the vehicle-mounted charger.
Step 202, when the vehicle control unit determines that the first current data are all larger than a first current threshold within a first preset time length, first current abnormal information is generated.
After the vehicle control unit acquires the first current data, whether the first current data is abnormal or not can be judged. When the first current data is confirmed to be larger than the first current threshold within the first preset time span, the charging is considered to be abnormal, and at the moment, the vehicle control unit can generate first current abnormal information. The value of the first preset time and the current threshold value can be set according to actual conditions.
And step 203, the vehicle control unit sends the first current abnormal information to the vehicle-mounted charger, so that the vehicle-mounted charger disconnects charging of the battery pack.
The vehicle control unit can send the first current abnormality information to the vehicle-mounted charger, so that the vehicle-mounted charger disconnects charging of the battery pack. Further, the vehicle control unit can also send the first current abnormality information to the battery manager, so that the battery manager disconnects the connection between the battery pack and the charging interface. Thus, charging of the target vehicle can be stopped, and the risk of the target vehicle getting on fire is reduced.
And 204, when the vehicle control unit receives a charging disconnection signal sent by the vehicle-mounted charger, acquiring second current data of the battery pack for supplying power to a vehicle load of the target vehicle through the vehicle-mounted charger.
In the embodiment of the application, after the charging of the target vehicle is stopped, in order to confirm the current state of the current target vehicle, the second current data of the battery pack for supplying power to the vehicle load of the target vehicle can be continuously acquired through the vehicle-mounted charger. Wherein the vehicle load may be a low voltage load of the target vehicle.
In step 205, the vehicle control unit determines whether the second current data is greater than a second current threshold within a second preset time period, and if so, executes step 206. Otherwise,step 208 is performed.
And step 206, generating third alarm prompt information by the vehicle control unit.
And if the vehicle control unit determines that the second current data is larger than the second current threshold value within the second preset time length, the target vehicle can be considered to be still in the abnormal state. At this point, a third alarm prompt may be generated. And the third alarm prompt message is used for prompting a user to disconnect the charging interface from the charging gun. The value of the second preset time length may be the same as or different from the first preset time length. The value of the second current threshold may be the same as or different from the first current threshold.
And step 207, the vehicle control unit sends the third alarm prompt information to the vehicle cloud platform, and the vehicle cloud platform sends the third alarm prompt information to a user corresponding to the target vehicle.
And 208, acquiring temperature data acquired by temperature sensors arranged at different positions of the target vehicle by the vehicle control unit.
After the charging of the target vehicle is stopped, temperature data at different locations of the target vehicle may also be acquired in order to confirm the current state of the current target vehicle. The specific acquisition mode can refer to the foregoing embodiments.
And 209, generating fourth alarm prompt information by the vehicle controller according to the temperature data.
And when the vehicle control unit determines that the temperature data at least one position is higher than the temperature threshold corresponding to the position, the target vehicle is considered to be still in the abnormal state. At this point, a fourth alarm prompt may be generated.
And step 210, the vehicle control unit sends the fourth alarm prompt information to a vehicle cloud platform, and the vehicle cloud platform sends the fourth alarm prompt information to a user corresponding to the target vehicle.
In the embodiment of the application, the charging state of the target vehicle can be monitored in the parking charging state of the target vehicle, and the charging of the target vehicle can be stopped under the condition that the charging current of the target vehicle is abnormal. Further, the current state of the target vehicle may continue to be monitored, and the user may be prompted to disconnect the target vehicle from the charging gun when it is confirmed that the target vehicle is still in an abnormal state. Therefore, the risk of combustion due to charging abnormality can be reduced when the target vehicle is left unattended.
In another embodiment of the present application, a complete implementation process is taken as an example to further describe the above fire alarm method.
As shown in fig. 4, the fire alarm method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes:
step 301, after the target vehicle stops, the vehicle control unit judges the current charging state, if the current charging state is in the charging state,step 302 is executed, otherwise,step 306 is executed.
Step 302, the vehicle control unit acquires temperature data acquired by temperature sensors arranged at different positions of the target vehicle and determines whether each temperature data is higher than a temperature threshold. If so,step 303 is performed. If not, execution continues withstep 302.
And step 303, the vehicle control unit acquires image data of the surrounding environment of the target vehicle, which is acquired by the camera.
And 304, generating alarm information by the vehicle control unit according to the temperature data and/or the image data acquired by the temperature sensor at the target position.
And 305, sending the alarm information to a vehicle cloud platform by the vehicle controller, and sending the alarm information to a user corresponding to the target vehicle by the vehicle cloud platform.
And step 306, the vehicle control unit acquires first current data acquired by the vehicle-mounted charger and judges whether the first current data is abnormal. If so,step 307 is performed. If not, execution continues withstep 306.
And 307, generating first current abnormal information by the vehicle controller and sending the first current abnormal information to the vehicle-mounted charger and the battery manager so that the vehicle-mounted charger and the battery manager stop charging the target vehicle according to the first current abnormal information.
And 308, after receiving the charging disconnection signal, the vehicle control unit acquires second current data acquired by the vehicle-mounted charger and judges whether the second current data is abnormal. If so,step 309 is performed. If not, step 310 is performed.
And 309, generating third alarm prompt information by the vehicle controller, and sending the third alarm prompt information to the user.
And 310, acquiring temperature data acquired by temperature sensors arranged at different positions of the target vehicle and judging whether the temperature data are abnormal or not by the vehicle control unit. If so,step 311 is performed. If not, step 308 is performed.
And 311, generating fourth alarm prompt information by the vehicle controller, and sending the fourth alarm prompt information to the user.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fire alarm device provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the fire alarm device in this embodiment may be used as a fire alarm apparatus to implement the fire alarm method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 5, the fire alarm apparatus may include: a first obtainingmodule 51, a second obtainingmodule 52, a generatingmodule 53 and a sendingmodule 54.
The first obtainingmodule 51 is configured to obtain temperature data collected by temperature sensors disposed at different positions of a target vehicle when the target vehicle is detected to be in an uncharged state.
And a second obtainingmodule 52, configured to obtain image data of an environment around the target vehicle, which is collected by a camera provided in the target vehicle, when the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor at the target position is higher than the corresponding temperature threshold.
And the generatingmodule 53 is configured to generate alarm information according to the temperature data and/or the image data acquired by the temperature sensor at the target position.
And the sendingmodule 54 is configured to send the alarm information to the vehicle cloud platform, and send the alarm information to a user corresponding to the target vehicle through the vehicle cloud platform.
In a specific implementation process, the first obtainingmodule 51 is further configured to obtain, by the vehicle-mounted charger, first current data for charging the battery pack when it is determined that the target vehicle is in the charging state according to the charging connection information.
The generatingmodule 53 is further configured to generate first current abnormality information when the first current data is greater than the first current threshold within the first preset time duration. The sendingmodule 54 is further configured to send the first current abnormality information to the vehicle-mounted charger, so that the vehicle-mounted charger disconnects charging of the battery pack.
In a specific implementation manner, after determining that the on-board charger disconnects charging of the battery pack, the first obtainingmodule 51 is further configured to obtain, by the on-board charger, second current data for supplying power to a load of the vehicle by the battery pack. The generatingmodule 53 is further configured to generate a third warning prompt message when the second current data is greater than the second current threshold within a second preset time duration. The sendingmodule 54 is further configured to send the third warning prompt message to the vehicle cloud platform, and the vehicle cloud platform sends the third warning prompt message to the user corresponding to the target vehicle.
In another specific implementation manner, after it is determined that the vehicle-mounted charger disconnects charging of the battery pack, the first obtainingmodule 51 is further configured to obtain temperature data collected by temperature sensors disposed at different positions of the target vehicle. The generatingmodule 53 is further configured to generate fourth warning prompt information when it is determined that the temperature data at the at least one position is higher than the corresponding temperature threshold, where the fourth warning prompt information is used to prompt a user to disconnect the charging interface from the charging gun. The sendingmodule 54 is further configured to send the fourth warning prompt message to the vehicle cloud platform, and the vehicle cloud platform sends the fourth warning prompt message to the user corresponding to the target vehicle.
In the embodiment of the present application, when the first obtainingmodule 51 detects that the target vehicle is in an uncharged state, the first obtaining module can obtain temperature data collected by temperature sensors disposed at different positions of the target vehicle. The second obtainingmodule 52 obtains image data of the surroundings of the target vehicle collected by a camera provided to the target vehicle if the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor at the target position is higher than the corresponding temperature threshold value. Then, thegeneration module 53 generates alarm information according to the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor at the target position and/or the image data. Finally, the sendingmodule 54 sends the alarm information to the vehicle cloud platform, and the vehicle cloud platform sends the alarm information to the user corresponding to the target vehicle. Therefore, under the condition that the vehicle is not watched by people, the safety state of the vehicle is automatically monitored, and when the vehicle is abnormal or the environment is abnormal, emergency measures are triggered in time, so that the risk of vehicle combustion is reduced.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 6, the electronic device may include at least one processor; and at least one memory communicatively coupled to the processor, wherein: the memory stores program instructions executable by the processor, and the processor calls the program instructions to execute the fire alarm method provided by the embodiment of the application.
The electronic device may be a fire alarm device, and the embodiment does not limit the specific form of the electronic device.
FIG. 6 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary electronic device suitable for use in implementing embodiments of the present application. The electronic device shown in fig. 6 is only an example, and should not bring any limitation to the functions and the scope of use of the embodiments of the present application.
As shown in fig. 6, the electronic device is in the form of a general purpose computing device. Components of the electronic device may include, but are not limited to: one ormore processors 410, amemory 430, and acommunication bus 440 that connects the various system components (including thememory 430 and the processors 410).
Communication bus 440 represents one or more of any of several types of bus structures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, and a processor or local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures. These architectures include, but are not limited to, Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, Micro Channel Architecture (MAC) bus, enhanced ISA bus, Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus, and Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, to name a few.
Electronic devices typically include a variety of computer system readable media. Such media may be any available media that is accessible by the electronic device and includes both volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media.
Memory 430 may include computer system readable media in the form of volatile Memory, such as Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or cache Memory. The electronic device may further include other removable/non-removable, volatile/nonvolatile computer system storage media. Although not shown in FIG. 6, a disk drive for reading from and writing to a removable, nonvolatile magnetic disk (e.g., a "floppy disk") and an optical disk drive for reading from or writing to a removable, nonvolatile optical disk (e.g., a Compact disk Read Only Memory (CD-ROM), a Digital versatile disk Read Only Memory (DVD-ROM), or other optical media) may be provided. In these cases, each drive may be connected to thecommunication bus 440 by one or more data media interfaces.Memory 430 may include at least one program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modules that are configured to carry out the functions of embodiments of the application.
A program/utility having a set (at least one) of program modules, including but not limited to an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, may be stored inmemory 430, each of which examples or some combination may include an implementation of a network environment. The program modules generally perform the functions and/or methodologies of the embodiments described herein.
The electronic device may also communicate with one or more external devices (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, display, etc.), one or more devices that enable a user to interact with the electronic device, and/or any devices (e.g., network card, modem, etc.) that enable the electronic device to communicate with one or more other computing devices. Such communication may occur viacommunication interface 420. Furthermore, the electronic device may also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), and/or a public Network such as the Internet) via a Network adapter (not shown in FIG. 6) that may communicate with other modules of the electronic device via thecommunication bus 440. It should be appreciated that although not shown in FIG. 6, other hardware and/or software modules may be used in conjunction with the electronic device, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, Redundant processing units, external disk drive Arrays, disk array (RAID) systems, tape Drives, and data backup storage systems, among others.
Theprocessor 410 executes programs stored in thememory 430 to perform various functional applications and data processing, such as implementing the fire alarm method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions enable the computer to execute the fire alarm method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
The above-described computer-readable storage medium may take any combination of one or more computer-readable media. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), an Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), a flash Memory, an optical fiber, a portable compact disc Read Only Memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof.
A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C + +, and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of Network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider).
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing steps of a custom logic function or process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present application in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present application.
The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at … …" or "when … …" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to a detection", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases "if determined" or "if detected (a stated condition or event)" may be interpreted as "when determined" or "in response to a determination" or "when detected (a stated condition or event)" or "in response to a detection (a stated condition or event)", depending on the context.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, or in a form of hardware plus a software functional unit.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.