CN112842450A

Movatterモバイル変換

Info

Publication number: CN112842450A
Application number: CN202110019445.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡旭军; 胡冬; 张鹏云; 刘载淳
Original assignee: NINGBO HICREN BIOTECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Current assignee: NINGBO HICREN BIOTECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Priority date: 2021-01-07
Filing date: 2021-01-07
Publication date: 2021-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-07
Also published as: CN112842450B

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel bone drill for a vertebral body, which comprises a driving mechanism, a rotating handle and a guide assembly, wherein the driving mechanism is arranged on the rotating mechanism; the driving mechanism adopts a driving handle matched with a plurality of gears or a motor component to provide rotating power for the rotating mechanism; the rotating mechanism comprises a bone drill assembly, a rotating handle and a guide assembly, the bone drill assembly comprises a flexible shaft, a flexible pipe and a cavity opening head, the flexible pipe is sleeved on the outer surface of the flexible shaft, the cavity opening head is located at the far end of the flexible pipe, a limiting pipe is sleeved on the outer surface of the near end of the flexible pipe, a bent pipe is sleeved on the outer surface of the far end of the flexible pipe, the bent pipe is made of memory alloy materials and is pre-shaped into an arc; the protruding amount of the cavity opening head relative to the far end of the guide assembly is controlled by rotating the rotating handle, so that the establishment of the arc-shaped channel is realized. According to the novel bone drill for the vertebral body, the far end of the bent pipe made of the memory alloy material enables the cavity opening head to advance along the arc shape to open the arc-shaped channel, the opposite side of the vertebral body is reached, the number of the channels is reduced, the injury of the vertebral body is reduced, and the bone cement leakage is reduced.

Description

Novel bone drill for vertebral body

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a novel bone drill for a vertebral body.

Background

In the prior art, when the osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture is treated, the operation treatment is generally carried out by adopting Percutaneous Vertebroplasty (PVP) and Percutaneous Kyphoplasty (PKP). In performing vertebroplasty, a bone drill may be used to create a working channel within the vertebral body. Due to the structure of the vertebral body, in order to keep the stress balance on the biomechanics of the vertebral body, bone cement is injected on two sides of each section of vertebral body, but the traditional bone drill used in a matched mode is straight, and in order to achieve the bone cement injection on two sides, working channels need to be formed on two sides of each vertebral body through the bone drill. This leads to an increase in the original fractures of the vertebral body, along which bone cement leaks out to the surrounding bone tissue and even to the outside of the vertebral body when injected, causing serious complications, great damage to the patient and slow recovery after surgery.

Patent CN205007023U discloses a bent-angle-shaped instrument for opening a channel of a vertebral body, which solves the problem that the damage of the vertebral body is large due to the opening of the channel at two sides in the common vertebroplasty, and can realize the purpose of establishing an arc-shaped channel and enabling the channel to reach the opposite side of the vertebral body, but a guide rail of the instrument is made of an elastic material, and the guide rail is easy to have position deviation when penetrating into bones for positioning, so that the channel cannot be opened at a required position; or when the guide rail meets harder bone, the guide rail cannot penetrate through the guide rail, and further cannot open a complete channel.

Therefore, the invention provides a novel bone drill for a vertebral body, which not only can establish an arc-shaped channel, but also can avoid the position deviation of the channel and ensure that a complete channel is opened.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art.

A novel bone drill for vertebral bodies comprises a driving mechanism, a rotating handle and a guide assembly; wherein,

the driving mechanism adopts a driving handle matched with a plurality of gears or a motor component to provide rotating power for the rotating mechanism;

the rotary mechanism comprises a bone drill assembly which penetrates through the rotary handle and the guide assembly, the bone drill assembly comprises a flexible shaft, a flexible pipe and a cavity opening head, the flexible pipe is sleeved on the outer surface of the flexible shaft, the cavity opening head is positioned at the far end of the flexible pipe, a limiting pipe is sleeved on the outer surface of the near end of the flexible pipe, a bent pipe is sleeved on the outer surface of the far end of the flexible pipe, the bent pipe is made of memory alloy materials and is pre-shaped into an arc shape;

the protruding amount of the cavity opening head relative to the far end of the guide assembly is controlled by rotating the rotating handle, and the establishment of an arc-shaped channel is realized.

Preferably, the drive mechanism comprises a bearing, a drive block and a long sleeve; the near end of the long sleeve is provided with a counter bore, the far end of the counter bore is connected with a central hole, the far end of the central hole is connected with a sleeve, and the far end of the long sleeve is provided with a clamping groove; the near-end boss of the driving block is positioned in the central hole of the long sleeve, and the far-end rotary block is positioned in the sleeve of the long sleeve and is circumferentially and rotatably connected with the sleeve; the bearing inner ring is sleeved on the near-end boss of the driving block and fixedly connected with the near-end boss, the bearing outer ring is in contact with and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the counter bore in the long sleeve, the far end of the bearing is in contact with the far-end face of the counter bore, and the output shaft or the rotating shaft of the motor component is positioned in the through hole of the driving block and fixedly connected with the through hole.

Preferably, the drive mechanism comprises a drive assembly, a gear shaft, an output shaft and an output gear; the driving assembly comprises a driving handle and a driving gear; the driving gear is directly meshed with the output gear, or the driving gear is meshed with the output gear through the accelerating gear set, and the output gear is installed on the output shaft and fixedly connected with the output shaft.

Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a driving handle, an output shaft, a long sleeve, an output gear and an accelerating gear set;

the near end of the long sleeve comprises a top hole, the far end of the top hole is connected with an inner gear ring, and the far end of the inner gear ring is connected with a counter bore;

the acceleration gear set consists of one or more groups of planetary gear sets, and each planetary gear set comprises a sun gear, a planet carrier and a planetary gear;

the sun gear is mounted on the output shaft and is circumferentially, rotatably and axially limited and connected, the planet gear is meshed with the inner gear ring of the long sleeve, the planet gear at the farthest end of the accelerating gear set is meshed with the output gear, and the end face of the nearest end of the accelerating gear set, which is close to the sun gear, is fixedly connected with the driving handle.

Preferably, the sun gear is located in the middle of one end face of the planet carrier, and is fixedly connected with the planet carrier, and the planet gear is mounted on a shaft on the other end face of the planet carrier and is movably connected with the shaft; the sun gears of the multiple groups of planetary gear sets are on the same axis, and the planetary gears are in meshed connection with the sun gears of the planetary gear sets adjacent to the planetary gears.

Preferably, the rotating mechanism further comprises a rotating head, a sealing ring, a buckle and a threaded slider, the proximal end of the rotating head is connected with the driving mechanism in a circumferential limiting and matching manner, the proximal end of the bone drill assembly is fixedly connected with the rotating head, and the proximal end of the limiting pipe is fixedly connected with the distal end of the buckle; the far-end shaft of the rotating head is positioned in the buckle near-end hole and is axially limited and connected, the sealing ring is arranged in a groove at the buckle near end, and a sealing boss of the sealing ring penetrates through a sealing groove at the buckle near end to be contacted with a concave table of the rotating head; the threaded sliding block is fixedly connected to the limiting pipe of the bone drill assembly.

Preferably, the far end of the limiting pipe is contacted with the near end of the bent pipe, and the far end of the bent pipe is contacted with the near end of the blind hole at the near end of the open cavity head; the flexible shaft is positioned at the innermost layer of the bone drill component, and the far end of the flexible shaft is inserted into the blind hole; the hose near-end with flexible axle near-end fixed connection, the hose distal end with the first blind hole fixed connection of cavity of opening, the hose with spacing pipe swing joint.

Preferably, the hose is located the middle level of bone drill subassembly, the hose is one deck or multilayer structure, hose distal end part is flexible section, hose proximal end part is rigid section, the hose is located the inside flexible section that all is of return bend, the flexible end of hose can be followed the return bend straightens and bends, the flexible section of hose can wind self center pin rotation when crooked.

Preferably, the guide assembly comprises a stop block, a threaded sleeve, a guide protection piece, a connecting piece and a turn buckle, and a sliding block is arranged on the outer surface of the threaded sleeve and matched with a sliding groove on the inner surface of the rotating handle; the guiding protection piece comprises a guiding piece and a protection tube, the far end of the guiding piece is fixedly connected with the near end of the protection tube, the guiding piece is axially limited and connected with the threaded sleeve through the connecting piece, and the far end of the guiding piece is axially limited and connected with the turnbuckle; the guiding near end is a guiding groove which is positioned in the threaded sleeve; the stop block is fixedly connected with the near end of the threaded sleeve; the threaded sliding block is positioned in the guide piece, the threaded part of the threaded sliding block penetrates through the guide groove of the guide piece to be in threaded movable connection with the threaded sleeve, and the threaded sliding block is limited by the guide groove and can only move axially.

Preferably, the near end of the driving block is a near end groove, the far end of the near end groove is connected with a through hole, the near end groove and the through hole form a near end boss, the far end of the driving block is two far end rotary blocks, and a far end groove is arranged between the two far end rotary blocks; the far-end groove is matched and connected with a rectangular head on a rotating head in the bone drill assembly, the far-end groove is rectangular or special-shaped, the rectangular head is rectangular or special-shaped matched with the far-end groove, and when the driving block rotates, the rotating head is driven to rotate through the matching of the far-end groove and the rectangular head.

Preferably, in the rotating mechanism, the clamping groove at the far end of the long sleeve is matched and connected with a clamping head and a pressing head in a clamping buckle on the bone drill component, when the clamping head is buckled into a boss at the near end of the clamping groove, the pressing head is matched with the clamping groove, the long sleeve is detachably and fixedly connected with the clamping buckle, and then the driving mechanism is detachably and fixedly connected with the bone drill component.

By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

1. according to the novel bone drill for the vertebral body, the far end of the bent pipe made of the memory alloy material enables the cavity opening head to advance along the arc shape to open the arc-shaped channel, the opposite side of the vertebral body is reached, the number of the channels is reduced, the injury of the vertebral body is reduced, and the bone cement leakage is reduced.

2. The novel bone drill for the vertebral body, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the near end is the driving mechanism, the rotating speed of the cavity opening head can be accelerated, the rotating speed of the cavity opening head can reach a certain speed for drilling, the drilling capability is greatly improved, and then a harder bone layer in the vertebral body is penetrated, and a complete arc-shaped channel is opened.

3. The bone drill assembly provides rotary power for the driving mechanism to transmit to the cavity opening head through the structure of the flexible shaft, the flexible pipe, the bent pipe and the cavity opening head, and meanwhile, an arc-shaped guide is provided in the advancing process, so that the deviation is avoided, and the establishment of an arc-shaped channel is realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bone drill for a novel vertebral body according toembodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first driving mechanism inembodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second driving mechanism inembodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a third driving mechanism inembodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving assembly inembodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a plurality of sets of duplicate gears in a third driving mechanism according toembodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a drive block of a novel bone drill for vertebral bodies of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a novel driver block in a drill for vertebral bodies in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of an elongated sleeve according toembodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a novel mid-drill rotation mechanism for a vertebral body according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the proximal end of the rotating mechanism of the novel bone drill for vertebral bodies according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a rotation block of the novel bur for vertebral bodies of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a three-dimensional view of a novel mid-rotation block of a drill for vertebral bodies of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a novel mid-drill sealing ring for vertebral bodies in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a seal ring in a burr for a novel vertebral body of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a three-dimensional view of a novel mid-drill clasp for a vertebral body of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of a novel mid-drill clasp for a vertebral body of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of a novel bone drill assembly in a bone drill for vertebral bodies in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of the distal end of a bone drill assembly of the novel bone drill for vertebral bodies of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the proximal end of a drill assembly of the novel bone drill for vertebral bodies of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a radial cross-sectional view of the proximal end of a bone drill assembly in a novel bone drill for vertebral bodies of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a radial cross-sectional view of the distal end of a bone drill assembly in a bone drill for a novel vertebral body of the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of a rotating handle of a novel bur for vertebral bodies according to the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a rotating handle of the novel bur for vertebral bodies of the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view of a novel alignment assembly in a drill for vertebral bodies of the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of a threaded sleeve of a bone drill for a novel vertebral body according to the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a threaded sleeve of a novel bur for vertebral bodies in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view of a lead guard in a drill for a novel vertebral body of the present invention;

FIGS. 29-30 are flowcharts of the method for creating an arcuate passage with a drill according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 31 is a schematic view of a bone drill for a novel vertebral body according toembodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 32 is a schematic view of the structure of a drive mechanism inembodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 33 is a sectional view of an elongated sleeve according toembodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 34 is a schematic structural view of an accelerating gearset inembodiment 2 of the invention;

fig. 35 is a schematic structural view of a planetary gear set according toembodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIGS. 36-37 are flowcharts of the method for creating an arcuate passage with a drill according to example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 38 is a schematic view of a bone drill for a novel vertebral body according toembodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 39 is a schematic view showing the construction of a drive mechanism inembodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 40 is a schematic structural view of a motor assembly according toembodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 41 is a schematic structural view of a motor inembodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 42-43 are flowcharts illustrating the process of creating the curved tunnel with the drill for vertebral bodies according to theembodiment 3 of the present invention. The symbols in the drawings indicate the description:

1-a drive mechanism; 11-a drive assembly; 111-a drive handle; 112-a drive gear; 12-a gear shaft; 13-an output shaft; 14-a bearing; 15-a drive block; 151-proximal slot; 152-a through hole; 153-proximal boss; 154-distal slot; 155-distal end knob; 16-long sleeve; 161-counter bore; 162-a central aperture; 163-a sleeve; 164-a card slot; 165-top hole; 166-inner gear ring; 17-an output gear; 18-an acceleration gear set; 181-duplicate gear; 182-a planetary gear set; 1821-sun gear; 1822-planet carrier; 1823-planet wheel; 19-a motor assembly; 191-an electric machine; 1911-plug-in sheet; 1912-a rotating shaft; 1913-end capping head; 192-conductive lines; 193-a power source;

2-a rotating mechanism; 21-a rotating head; 211-rectangular head; 212-concave stage; 213-a distal shaft; 22-a sealing ring; 221-a sealing boss; 23-buckling; 231-sealing the groove; 232-snap head; 233-pressing head; 24-a bone drill assembly; 241-a limiting pipe; 242-bending a pipe; 243-flexible shaft; 244-a hose; 245-an open-cavity head; 2451-blind hole; 25-a threaded slider;

3-rotating the handle; 31-a chute;

4-a guide assembly; 41-a block; 42-a threaded sleeve; 421-a slide block; 43-a guide guard; 431-a guide; 4311-guide groove; 432-a protective tube; 44-a connector; 45-screwing.

Detailed Description

In the specific description of the present invention, the distal end is the end away from the operator and the proximal end is the end close to the operator.

The present invention will be described in detail and specifically with reference to the following examples to facilitate better understanding of the present invention, but the following examples do not limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a novel bone drill for vertebral body, which includes adriving mechanism 1, arotating mechanism 2, arotating handle 3 and a guidingassembly 4; wherein, thedriving mechanism 1 adopts the driving handle 111 to cooperate with a plurality of gears to provide the rotating power for therotating mechanism 2.

Referring to fig. 2 to 4, thedrive mechanism 1 includes adrive assembly 11, agear shaft 12, anoutput shaft 13, abearing 14, adrive block 15, along sleeve 16, anoutput gear 17, an acceleration gear set 18; in particular, the method comprises the following steps of,

as shown in fig. 7-8, the proximal end of the drivingblock 15 is aproximal slot 151, the distal end of theproximal slot 151 is connected to a throughhole 152, theproximal slot 151 and the throughhole 152 form aproximal boss 153, the distal end of the drivingblock 15 is twodistal knobs 155, and adistal slot 154 is arranged between the twodistal knobs 155; as shown in fig. 9, thelong sleeve 16 has acounterbore 161 at the proximal end, acounterbore 161 at the distal end connected to thecentral hole 162, asleeve 163 at the distal end of thecentral hole 162, and a lockinggroove 164 at the distal end of thelong sleeve 16;

the proximal boss 153 of the driving block 15 is positioned in the central hole 162 of the long sleeve 16, the proximal end surface of the distal rotary block 155 of the driving block 15 is contacted and movably connected with the distal end surface of the central hole 162, and the distal rotary block 155 is positioned in the sleeve 163 of the long sleeve 16 and movably connected; the proximal end face of the proximal slot 151 of the drive block 15 is flush with the proximal end face of the counterbore 161 of the elongate sleeve 16; the inner ring of the bearing 14 is sleeved on the near-end boss 153 of the driving block 15 and fixedly connected, the outer ring of the bearing 14 is contacted and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the counter bore 161 in the long sleeve 16, the far end of the bearing 14 is contacted with the far-end face of the counter bore 161 (meanwhile, the near-end face of the central hole 162 of the long sleeve 16), and the near-end face of the bearing 14 is lower than the near-end face of the counter bore 161; the output shaft 13 is located in the through hole 152 of the driving block 15 and is fixedly connected, the distal end face of the output shaft 13 is flush with the distal end face of the central hole 162, the output gear 17 is installed on the output shaft 13 and is fixedly connected, the distal end of the output gear 17 is located in the proximal end groove 151 of the driving block 15, and the distal end face of the output gear 17 is in contact with the distal end face of the proximal end groove 151.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the drivingassembly 11 includes a drivinghandle 111 and adriving gear 112, and the matching manner of the drivinghandle 111 and the gear includes, but is not limited to, the following:

(1) as shown in fig. 2, theoutput gear 17 is mounted on theoutput shaft 13 and fixedly connected, and thedriving gear 112 is directly in gear engagement with theoutput gear 17;

(2) as shown in fig. 3, theoutput gear 17 is mounted on theoutput shaft 13 and fixedly connected, and thedriving gear 112 is in gear engagement with theoutput gear 17 through the speed-up gear set 18; the acceleration gear set 18 is composed of a set of duplicate gears 181; thedriving gear 112 is meshed with a small gear of theduplex gear 181, and a large gear of theduplex gear 181 is meshed with theoutput gear 17;

(3) as in fig. 4 and 6, the speed-up gear set 18 is composed of a plurality of sets ofdouble gears 181; thedrive gear 112 meshes with the pinion gear of theproximal duplicate gear 181 of the acceleration gear set 18, and the bull gear of thedistal duplicate gear 181 of the acceleration gear set 18 meshes with the output gear.

After the gear acceleration, the drivinghandle 111 rotates one circle, so that theoutput gear 17 rotates more than one hundred circles.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 10-11, therotating mechanism 2 includes arotating head 21, a sealingring 22, abuckle 23, abone drill assembly 24, and a threadedslider 25; in particular, the method comprises the following steps of,

as shown in fig. 12-13, the proximal end ofrotator head 21 isrectangular head 211, the distal end ofrotator head 21 isdistal shaft 213, and the proximal end ofdistal shaft 213 is connected to recess 212; as shown in fig. 14-15, two sealingbosses 221 are provided at the inner hole of the sealingring 22; as shown in fig. 16-17, the proximal end of thebuckle 23 is a sealinggroove 231, the middle part of thebuckle 23 is abuckle head 232, and apressing head 233 is arranged below thebuckle head 232;

as shown in fig. 18-22, the bone drill assembly 24 includes a stop tube 241, an elbow 242, a flexible shaft 243, a flexible tube 244, and an open head 245, the open head proximal end being a blind hole 2451, wherein: the limiting tube 241 is made of metal materials, the limiting tube 241 is located on the outermost layer of the bone drill assembly 24, the near end of the limiting tube 241 is fixedly connected with the far end of the buckle 23, and the far end of the limiting tube 241 is contacted with the near end of the bent tube 242; the elbow 242 is made of a memory alloy material, the elbow 242 is pre-shaped into an arc shape, the elbow 242 can be straightened under the action of external force and can also be bent under the self memory property, the elbow 242 is positioned at the far end of the outermost layer of the bone drill component 24, the near end of the elbow 242 is contacted with the far end of the limiting tube 241, and the far end of the elbow 242 is contacted with the near end of the blind hole 2451 of the open cavity head 245; the flexible shaft 243 is positioned at the innermost layer of the bone drill component 24, the flexible shaft 243 is made of soft wire, and the distal end of the flexible shaft 243 is inserted into the blind hole 2451 of the cavity opening head 245; the hose 244 is positioned in the middle layer of the bone drill component 24, the hose 244 is composed of one or more layers, the distal end part of the hose 244 is a flexible section, the proximal end part of the hose 244 is a rigid section, the inner part of the hose 244 positioned in the elbow 242 is a flexible section, the flexible end of the hose 244 can be straightened and bent along with the elbow 242, the flexible section of the hose 244 can rotate around the central axis of the hose when bent, the proximal end of the hose 244 is fixedly connected with the proximal end of the flexible shaft 243, the distal end of the hose 244 is fixedly connected with the blind hole 2451 of the open cavity head 245, and the hose; the distal end of the bone drill assembly 24 is a cavity opening head 245, which is multi-tipped or twist drill shaped.

In this embodiment, the specific matching manner of each component in therotating mechanism 2 is as follows:

as shown in fig. 10, the proximal end ofdrill assembly 24 is fixedly connected torotary head 21,distal shaft 213 ofrotary head 21 is movably connected to and disposed in the proximal bore ofcatch 23, and the proximal end of limitingtube 241 is fixedly connected to the distal end ofcatch 23, so that sincerotary head 21 and catch 23 are axially limited bydrill assembly 24,distal shaft 213 can only move circumferentially within the proximal bore ofcatch 23; the threadedslider 25 is fixedly connected to the limitingtube 241 of thebone drill assembly 24;

as shown in fig. 11, the sealingring 22 is mounted in a groove at the proximal end of the retainingring 23, and the sealingboss 221 of the sealingring 22 passes through the sealinggroove 231 at the proximal end of the retainingring 23 to contact with the recessedplatform 212 of therotator head 21, so as to ensure the stability of therotator head 21 during rotation.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, in order to realize the matching connection between the distal end of thedriving mechanism 1 and the proximal end of therotating mechanism 2, the following two structure matching methods are adopted:

(1) the far-end slot 154 on the drivingblock 15 in thedriving mechanism 1 is matched and connected with therectangular head 211 on the rotatinghead 21 in therotating mechanism 2, the far-end slot 154 is rectangular or special-shaped, therectangular head 211 is rectangular or special-shaped matched with the far-end slot 154, and when the drivingblock 15 rotates, the rotatinghead 21 can be driven to rotate through the matching of the far-end slot 154 and therectangular head 211;

(2) thebuckle 23 on therotating mechanism 2 is fixedly connected with the near end of the limitingtube 241, the clampinggroove 164 at the far end of thelong sleeve 16 in therotating mechanism 1 is matched and connected with thebuckle head 232 and thepressing head 233 in thebuckle 23, thebuckle head 232 is buckled on the boss at the near end of the clampinggroove 164, thepressing head 233 is rectangular or special-shaped, the clampinggroove 164 is rectangular or special-shaped matched with thepressing head 233, thelong sleeve 16 and thebuckle 23 are detachably and fixedly connected under the matching of the clampinggroove 164 and thepressing head 233, so that thedriving mechanism 1 and therotating mechanism 2 are detachably and fixedly connected, thepressing head 233 is pressed, thebuckle head 232 can be separated from the boss at the near end of the clampinggroove 164, and therotating mechanism 1 is integrally.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, therotating mechanism 2 is connected to the proximal end of therotating handle 3 in a matching manner, the distal end of thebuckle 23 is connected to the proximal end of therotating handle 3 in an axial limiting manner, and thebuckle 23 can drive therotating handle 3 to move axially.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 25-28, the guidingassembly 4 comprises astopper 41, a threadedsleeve 42, a guidingprotection member 43, aconnector 44, and aturn buckle 45; the proximal end of the threadedsleeve 42 is provided with aslider 421 which cooperates with twoslide slots 31 inside therotating handle 3, as shown in fig. 23-24; the guidingprotection member 43 comprises a guidingmember 431 and aprotection tube 432, the guidingmember 431 has a guidinggroove 4311 at the proximal end, and thestopper 41 is fixedly connected with the proximal end of the threadedsleeve 42; theguide groove 4311 of theguide part 431 is positioned in the threadedsleeve 42, and theguide part 431 and the threadedsleeve 42 are in axial limit connection through a connectingpiece 44; the distal end of the guidingpart 431 is fixedly connected with the proximal end of the protectingtube 432, the distal end of the guidingpart 431 is axially limited and connected with theturn buckle 45, the distal end of the guidingpart 431 is circumferentially movably connected with theturn buckle 45, and the protectingtube 432 is made of metal material.

In this embodiment, the matching manner of therotating mechanism 2, therotating handle 3 and theguiding component 4 is as follows:

the slidingblock 421 on the threadedsleeve 42 is located in the slidingslot 31 of therotating handle 3, as shown in fig. 23-24, the slidingblock 421 can move up and down along the slidingslot 31, and the slidingblock 421 and the slidingslot 31 are limited circumferentially; the threadedslider 25 is positioned in theguide member 431, the threaded part of the threadedslider 25 passes through theguide groove 4311 of theguide member 431 and is in threaded movable connection with the threadedsleeve 42, and the threadedslider 25 is limited by theguide groove 4311 of theguide member 431 and can only move axially; thebone drill assembly 24 is positioned within theprotective tube 432, and thebone drill assembly 24 is constrained by the threadedslider 25 and theguide 431 to move only axially within theprotective tube 432.

Through the above-mentioned cooperation connected mode, whenrotatory twist grip 3, spout 31 intwist grip 3 drivesslider 421 on thescrew thread sleeve 42, makescrew thread sleeve 42 rotatory,screw thread sleeve 42 drives screwthread slider 25 along theguide slot 4311 axial displacement ofguide 431,screw thread slider 25 drivesspacing pipe 241 axial displacement,spacing pipe 241 drivesbuckle 23 axial displacement, buckle 23 drives twistgrip 3, rotatinghead 21 andlong sleeve 16 axial displacement,long sleeve 16 driveswhole actuating mechanism 1 axial displacement, rotatinghead 21 drivesflexible axle 243 andhose 244 axial displacement,hose 244 drivesuncoating head 245 axial displacement.

The working principle of the novel bone drill for vertebral bodies provided by the embodiment is as follows:

s1: preparing before puncturing a vertebral body, rotating therotating handle 3 anticlockwise, driving the slidingblock 421 on the threadedsleeve 42 by the slidinggroove 31 in therotating handle 3, enabling the threadedsleeve 42 to rotate anticlockwise, driving the threaded slidingblock 25 to slide towards the proximal end along theguide groove 4311 of theguide part 431, driving the limitingpipe 241 to move towards the proximal end by the threaded slidingblock 25, driving thebuckle 23 to move towards the proximal end by the limitingpipe 241, driving therotating handle 3, the rotatinghead 21 and thelong sleeve 16 to move towards the proximal end by thebuckle 23, driving thewhole driving mechanism 1 to move towards the proximal end by thelong sleeve 16, driving theflexible shaft 243 and theflexible pipe 244 to move towards the proximal end by theflexible pipe 244, driving theelbow 242 to move upwards and enter theprotective pipe 432 by thecavity opening head 245, stopping rotating therotating handle 3 anticlockwise until thecavity opening head 245 abuts against the distal end of theprotective pipe 432, and ending the whole proximal end movement of the, the state of the bone drill at this time is shown in fig. 29;

s2: the open cavity head of the bone drill in the state is penetrated into the vertebral body;

s3: establishing an arc-shaped channel, as shown in fig. 30, rotating the driving handle 111 to drive the driving gear 112 to rotate, the driving gear 112 accelerates through gear transmission to drive the output gear 17 to rotate, the output gear 17 drives the output shaft 13 to rotate, the output shaft 13 drives the driving block 15 to rotate, due to the action of the bearing 14, when the driving block 15 rotates, the long sleeve 16 can keep still, the driving block 15 drives the rotating head 21 to rotate, the rotating head 21 drives the flexible shaft 243 and the flexible pipe 244 to rotate, the flexible pipe 244 drives the cavity opening head 245 to rotate, during the rotation of the cavity opening head 245, the multi-edge tip shape or the twist drill shape at the distal end of the cavity opening head 245 drills the bone in the vertebral body, the driving handle 111 keeps rotating, then rotating the handle 3 clockwise, the sliding groove 31 in the rotating handle 3 drives the sliding block 421 on the threaded sleeve 42, so that the threaded sleeve 42 rotates clockwise, the threaded sleeve 42 drives the threaded sliding block 25 to slide along the guiding, the threaded slider 25 drives the limiting tube 241 to move towards the far end, the limiting tube 241 drives the buckle 23 to move towards the far end, the buckle 23 drives the rotary handle 3, the rotary head 21 and the long sleeve 16 to move towards the far end, the long sleeve 16 drives the whole driving mechanism 1 to move towards the far end, the far end of the limiting tube 241 is contacted with the near end of the bent tube 242, the limiting tube 241 drives the bent tube 242 to move towards the far end and gradually extend out of the protecting tube 432, the far end of the bent tube 242 is contacted with the cavity opening head 245, the bent tube 242 drives the cavity opening head 245 to move towards the far end, and the bent tube is pre-shaped into an arc shape, so under the action of the bent tube 242 and the driving mechanism 1, the cavity opening head 245 rotates along.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 31, the present embodiment is based onembodiment 1, and is different fromembodiment 1 in that: thedrive mechanism 1 is different.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 32, thedrive mechanism 1 includes adrive handle 111, anoutput shaft 13, abearing 14, adrive block 15, anelongated sleeve 16, anoutput gear 17, and anacceleration gear group 18.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 33, the proximal end of thelong sleeve 16 includes atop hole 165, the distal end of the top hole 145 is connected to thering gear 166, the distal end of thering gear 166 is connected to thecounterbore 161, the distal end of thecounterbore 161 is connected to thecentral hole 162, the distal end of thecentral hole 162 is connected to thesleeve 163, and the distal end of thelong sleeve 16 is provided with a lockinggroove 164.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 34-35, the speed upgearset 18 includes one or more sets ofplanetary gearsets 182, theplanetary gearsets 182 including asun gear 1821, aplanet carrier 1822, andplanet gears 1823; thesun gear 1821 is located at the middle of one end surface of thecarrier 1822 and is fixedly connected with thecarrier 1822, and the planet gears 1823 are mounted on shafts at the other end surface of thecarrier 1822 and are movably connected with each other. When the speed-up gear set 18 is composed of a plurality of planetary gear sets 182, the sun gears 1821 of the planetary gear sets 182 are coaxially aligned, and theplanet gears 1823 meshingly engage the sun gears 1821 of the planetary gear sets 182 adjacent thereto.

Further, as shown in fig. 32, thesun gear 1821 of the acceleration gear set 18 is mounted on theoutput shaft 13 and is circumferentially, rotatably and axially connected in a limiting manner, the planet gears 1823 of the acceleration gear set 18 are meshed with theinner gear ring 166 of thelong sleeve 16, thefarthest planet gears 1823 of the acceleration gear set 18 are meshed with theoutput gear 17, and the proximal end face of thenearest sun gear 1821 of the acceleration gear set 18 is fixedly connected with the drivinghandle 111.

s1: preparing before puncturing a vertebral body, rotating therotating handle 3 anticlockwise, driving the slidingblock 421 on the threadedsleeve 42 by the slidinggroove 31 in therotating handle 3, enabling the threadedsleeve 42 to rotate anticlockwise, driving the threaded slidingblock 25 to slide towards the proximal end along theguide groove 4311 of theguide part 431, driving the limitingpipe 241 to move towards the proximal end by the threaded slidingblock 25, driving thebuckle 23 to move towards the proximal end by the limitingpipe 241, driving therotating handle 3, the rotatinghead 21 and thelong sleeve 16 to move towards the proximal end by thebuckle 23, driving thewhole driving mechanism 1 to move towards the proximal end by thelong sleeve 16, driving theflexible shaft 243 and theflexible pipe 244 to move towards the proximal end by theflexible pipe 244, driving theelbow 242 to move upwards and enter theprotective pipe 432 by thecavity opening head 245, stopping rotating therotating handle 3 anticlockwise until thecavity opening head 245 abuts against the distal end of theprotective pipe 432, and ending the whole proximal end movement of the, the state of the bone drill at this time is shown in fig. 36;

s3: establishing an arc-shaped channel, as shown in fig. 37, rotating the driving handle 111 to drive the accelerating gear set 18 to rotate in the inner gear ring 166 of the long sleeve 16, the accelerating gear set 18 driving the output gear 17 to rotate, the output gear 17 driving the output shaft 13 to rotate, the output shaft 13 driving the driving block 15 to rotate, due to the action of the bearing 14, when the driving block 15 rotates, the long sleeve 16 can be kept stationary, the driving block 15 driving the rotating head 21 to rotate, the rotating head 21 driving the flexible shaft 243 and the flexible pipe 244 to rotate, the flexible pipe 244 driving the cavity opening head 245 to rotate, during the rotation of the cavity opening head 245, the multi-edge tip shape or the twist drill shape at the far end of the cavity opening head 245 drills the bone in the vertebral body, keeping the driving handle 111 to rotate, then rotating the rotating handle 3 clockwise, the chute 31 in the rotating handle 3 driving the slider 421 on the threaded sleeve 42 to rotate the threaded sleeve 42 clockwise, the threaded sleeve 42 driving the threaded slider 25 to slide along, the threaded slider 25 drives the limiting tube 241 to move towards the far end, the limiting tube 241 drives the buckle 23 to move towards the far end, the buckle 23 drives the rotary handle 3, the rotary head 21 and the long sleeve 16 to move towards the far end, the long sleeve 16 drives the whole driving mechanism 1 to move towards the far end, the far end of the limiting tube 241 is contacted with the near end of the bent tube 242, the limiting tube 241 drives the bent tube 242 to move towards the far end and gradually extend out of the protecting tube 432, the far end of the bent tube 242 is contacted with the cavity opening head 245, the bent tube 242 drives the cavity opening head 245 to move towards the far end, and the bent tube is pre-shaped into an arc shape, so under the action of the bent tube 242 and the driving mechanism 1, the cavity opening head 245 rotates along.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 38, the present embodiment is based onembodiment 1, and is different fromembodiment 1 in that: thedrive mechanism 1 is different.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 39, thedriving mechanism 1 includes abearing 14, a drivingblock 15, anelongated sleeve 16, and amotor assembly 19.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 40-41, the motor assembly includes amotor 191, a wire 192 and apower source 193, themotor 191 has ablade 1911 mounted at a proximal end thereof, ashaft 1912 at a distal end thereof, acap head 1913 mounted at a proximal end thereof, and the wire 192 has one end connected to thepower source 193 and the other end connected to theblade 1911 of themotor 191. The rotating speed of themotor 191 can reach more than 100 rap/min.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 39, therotating shaft 1912 at the distal end of themotor 191 is located in the throughhole 152 of therotating block 15 and is fixedly connected, the distal end surface of therotating shaft 1912 is flush with the distal end surface of the throughhole 152, theend cap 1913 of themotor 191 is located in theproximal end groove 151 of therotating block 15, and the distal end surface of theend cap 1913 is in contact with the distal end surface of theproximal end groove 151.

s1: preparing before puncturing a vertebral body, rotating therotating handle 3 anticlockwise, driving the slidingblock 421 on the threadedsleeve 42 by the slidinggroove 31 in therotating handle 3, enabling the threadedsleeve 42 to rotate anticlockwise, driving the threaded slidingblock 25 to slide towards the proximal end along theguide groove 4311 of theguide part 431, driving the limitingpipe 241 to move towards the proximal end by the threaded slidingblock 25, driving thebuckle 23 to move towards the proximal end by the limitingpipe 241, driving therotating handle 3, the rotatinghead 21 and thelong sleeve 16 to move towards the proximal end by thebuckle 23, driving thewhole driving mechanism 1 to move towards the proximal end by thelong sleeve 16, driving theflexible shaft 243 and theflexible pipe 244 to move towards the proximal end by theflexible pipe 244, driving theelbow 242 to move upwards and enter theprotective pipe 432 by thecavity opening head 245, stopping rotating therotating handle 3 anticlockwise until thecavity opening head 245 abuts against the distal end of theprotective pipe 432, and ending the whole proximal end movement of the, the state of the bone drill at this time is shown in fig. 42;

s3: establishing an arc-shaped channel, as shown in fig. 43, starting a motor 191 to drive a driving block 15 to rotate, wherein due to the action of a bearing 14, when the driving block 15 rotates, a long sleeve 16 can be kept still; the driving block 15 drives the rotating head 21 to rotate, the rotating head 21 drives the flexible shaft 243 and the flexible pipe 244 to rotate, the flexible pipe 244 drives the cavity opening head 245 to rotate, in the rotating process of the cavity opening head 245, the multi-edge tip shape or the twist drill shape at the far end of the cavity opening head 245 drills the bone in the vertebral body, the motor 191 is kept to operate, the rotating handle 3 is rotated clockwise, the sliding chute 31 in the rotating handle 3 drives the sliding block 421 on the threaded sleeve 42, the threaded sleeve 42 rotates clockwise, the threaded sleeve 42 drives the threaded sliding block 25 to slide towards the far end along the guiding groove 4311 of the guiding piece 431, the threaded sliding block 25 drives the limiting pipe 241 to move towards the far end, the limiting pipe 241 drives the buckle 23 to move towards the far end, the buckle 23 drives the rotating handle 3, the rotating head 21 and the long sleeve 16 to move towards the far end, the long sleeve 16 drives the whole driving mechanism 1 to move towards the far end, the far end of the limiting pipe 241 is contacted with the near end of, the far end of the bent pipe 242 is contacted with the cavity opening head 245, so the bent pipe 242 drives the cavity opening head 245 to move towards the far end, and the bent pipe is pre-shaped into an arc, so under the action of the bent pipe 242 and the driving mechanism 1, the cavity opening head 245 rotates and advances along the arc to open an arc-shaped channel.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions to those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel bone drill for vertebral bodies is characterized by comprising a driving mechanism (1), a rotating mechanism (2), a rotating handle (3) and a guide assembly (4); wherein,

the driving mechanism (1) adopts a driving handle (111) to be matched with a plurality of gears or a motor component (19) to provide rotating power for the rotating mechanism (2);

the rotating mechanism (2) comprises a bone drill component (24) penetrating through the rotating handle (3) and the guide component (4), the bone drill component (24) comprises a flexible shaft (243), a flexible pipe (244) sleeved on the outer surface of the flexible shaft (243) and a cavity opening head (245) located at the far end, a limiting pipe (241) is sleeved on the outer surface of the near end of the flexible pipe (244), a bent pipe (242) is sleeved on the outer surface of the far end of the flexible pipe (244), and the bent pipe (242) is made of memory alloy materials and is pre-shaped into an arc shape;

the protruding amount of the cavity opening head (245) relative to the far end of the guide assembly (4) is controlled by rotating the rotating handle (3), and the establishment of an arc-shaped channel is realized.

2. A new vertebral bone drill according to claim 1, characterized in that said driving mechanism (1) comprises a bearing (14), a driving block (15) and a long sleeve (16); the near end of the long sleeve (16) is a counter bore (161), the far end of the counter bore (161) is connected with a central hole (162), the far end of the central hole (162) is connected with a sleeve (163), and the far end of the long sleeve (16) is a clamping groove (164); the proximal boss (153) of the driving block (15) is positioned in the central hole (162) of the long sleeve (16), and the distal rotary block (155) is positioned in the sleeve (163) of the long sleeve (16) and is circumferentially and rotatably connected with the sleeve; the inner ring of the bearing (14) is sleeved on the near-end boss (153) of the driving block (15) and fixedly connected with the near-end boss, the outer ring of the bearing (14) is in contact with and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the counter bore (161) in the long sleeve (16), the far end of the bearing (14) is in contact with the far-end face of the counter bore (161), and the output shaft (13) or the rotating shaft (192) of the motor component is located in the through hole (152) of the driving block (15) and fixedly connected with the through hole.

3. A new type of vertebral bone drill according to claim 1, characterized in that said driving mechanism (1) comprises a driving assembly (11), a gear shaft (12), an output shaft (13) and an output gear (17); the drive assembly (11) comprises a drive handle (111) and a drive gear (112); the driving gear (112) is directly in gear engagement with the output gear (17), or the driving gear (112) is in gear engagement with the output gear (17) through the accelerating gear set (18), and the output gear (17) is installed on the output shaft (13) and fixedly connected.

4. A new type of vertebral bone drill according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the driving mechanism (1) comprises a driving handle (111), an output shaft (13), an elongated sleeve (16), an output gear (17) and an acceleration gear set (18);

the proximal end of the long sleeve (16) comprises a top hole (165), the distal end of the top hole (165) is connected with an inner gear ring (166), and the distal end of the inner gear ring (166) is connected with a counter bore (161);

the acceleration gear set (18) consists of one or more sets of planetary gear sets (182), the planetary gear sets (182) comprising a sun gear (1821), a planet carrier (1822) and planet gears (1823);

the sun gear (1821) is mounted on the output shaft (13) and is in circumferential, rotatable and axial limit connection, the planet gear (1823) is meshed with the inner gear ring (166) of the long sleeve (16), the planet gear (1823) at the farthest end of the accelerating gear set (18) is meshed with the output gear (17), and the end face, at the nearest end of the accelerating gear set (18), of the proximal end of the sun gear (1821) is fixedly connected with the driving handle (111).

5. A novel vertebral body bone drill according to claim 4, characterized in that the sun gear (1821) is located in the middle of one end face of the planet carrier (1822) and is fixedly connected with the planet carrier (1822), and the planet gear (1823) is mounted on the shaft of the other end face of the planet carrier (1822) and is movably connected with the shaft; the sun gears (1821) of the planetary gear sets (182) are on the same axis, and the planetary gears (1823) are in meshing connection with the sun gear (1821) of the planetary gear set (182) adjacent to the planetary gear set.

6. The novel bone drill for vertebral bodies as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotating mechanism (2) further comprises a rotating head (21), a sealing ring (22), a buckle (23) and a threaded slider (25), the proximal end of the rotating head (21) is connected with the driving mechanism (1) in a circumferential limit fit manner, the proximal end of the bone drill component (24) is fixedly connected with the rotating head (21), and the proximal end of the limit pipe (241) is fixedly connected with the distal end of the buckle (23); the far-end shaft (213) of the rotating head (21) is positioned in the near-end hole of the buckle (23) and is axially connected in a limiting way, the sealing ring (22) is installed in a groove at the near end of the buckle (23), and a sealing boss (221) of the sealing ring (22) passes through a sealing groove (231) at the near end of the buckle (23) and is contacted with a boss (212) of the rotating head (21); the threaded sliding block (25) is fixedly connected to the limiting pipe (241) of the bone drill component (24).

7. The novel vertebral bone drill of claim 1, wherein the distal end of the limiting tube (241) is in contact with the proximal end of the elbow (242), and the distal end of the elbow (242) is in contact with the proximal end of the blind hole (2451) of the proximal end of the cavity opening head (245); the flexible shaft (243) is positioned at the innermost layer of the bone drill component (24), and the distal end of the flexible shaft (243) is inserted into the blind hole (2451); the proximal end of the hose (244) is fixedly connected with the proximal end of the flexible shaft (243), the distal end of the hose (244) is fixedly connected with the blind hole (2451) of the cavity opening head (245), and the hose (244) is movably connected with the limiting pipe (241).

8. The novel bur of claim 1, wherein the flexible tube (244) is located in the middle layer of the bur assembly (24), the flexible tube (244) is one or more layers, the distal portion of the flexible tube (244) is a flexible segment, the proximal portion of the flexible tube (244) is a rigid segment, the flexible tube (244) is located in the elbow (242) and is entirely a flexible segment, the flexible end of the flexible tube (244) can be straightened and bent with the elbow (242), and the flexible segment of the flexible tube (244) can rotate around its central axis when bent.

9. The novel vertebral bone drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the guiding assembly (3) comprises a stop (41), a threaded sleeve (42), a guiding protection (43), a connecting piece (44) and a turn buckle (45), the outer surface of the threaded sleeve (42) is provided with a sliding block (421) which is matched with a sliding groove (31) on the inner surface of the rotating handle (3); the guide protection piece (43) comprises a guide piece (431) and a protection tube (432), the distal end of the guide piece (431) is fixedly connected with the proximal end of the protection tube (432), the guide piece (431) is axially connected with the threaded sleeve (42) in a limiting way through the connecting piece (44), and the distal end of the guide piece (431) is axially connected with the turnbuckle (45) in a limiting way; the proximal end of the guide (431) is a guide groove (4311), and the guide groove (4311) is positioned in the threaded sleeve (42); the stop block (41) is fixedly connected with the proximal end of the threaded sleeve (42); the threaded sliding block (25) is positioned in the guide piece (431), the threaded part of the threaded sliding block (25) penetrates through the guide groove (4311) of the guide piece (431) to be in threaded movable connection with the threaded sleeve (42), and the threaded sliding block (25) is limited by the guide groove (4311) and can only move axially.

10. The novel bone drill for vertebral bodies as claimed in claim 2, wherein the proximal end of the driving block (15) is a proximal slot (151), the distal end of the proximal slot (151) is connected with a through hole (152), the proximal slot (151) and the through hole (152) form a proximal boss (153), the distal end of the driving block (15) is provided with two distal knobs (155), and a distal slot (154) is arranged between the two distal knobs (155); the far-end groove (154) is matched and connected with a rectangular head (211) on a rotating head (21) in the bone drill component (2), the far-end groove (154) is rectangular or special-shaped, the rectangular head (211) is rectangular or special-shaped matched with the far-end groove (154), and when the driving block (15) rotates, the rotating head (21) is driven to rotate through the matching of the far-end groove (154) and the rectangular head (211).

11. The novel bone drill for vertebral bodies as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the locking slot (164) at the distal end of the long sleeve (16) in the rotating mechanism (1) is connected with the locking head (232) and the pressing head (233) in the buckle (23) on the bone drill component (2) in a matching way, when the locking head (232) is buckled into the boss at the proximal end of the locking slot (164), the pressing head (233) is matched with the locking slot (164), the long sleeve (16) and the buckle (23) are fixedly connected in a detachable way, and then the driving mechanism (1) and the bone drill component (2) are fixedly connected in a detachable way.