Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hollow nail for improving femoral head blood circulation, which is used for solving the technical problem that the necrotic femoral head blood circulation cannot be improved in the prior art.
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a hollow tack for improving femoral head blood circulation comprising a tack body, a mandrel, an umbrella structure, and a driver for driving the umbrella structure;
the outer wall of the nail body is provided with external threads;
a guide pin hole is formed in the mandrel;
the nail comprises a nail body, a nail body and a nail cover, wherein an annular cavity is formed in the nail body, an opening is formed in the top of the annular cavity, a plurality of pore channels are formed in the outer wall of the nail body, and the pore channels are communicated with the annular cavity;
The nail body is internally provided with a shaft hole, the mandrel and the driving piece are both inserted into the shaft hole, the driving piece is sleeved on the mandrel, one end of the umbrella-shaped structure is hinged on the mandrel, and the other end of the umbrella-shaped structure is hinged on the driving piece;
A first absorbable member is arranged in the pore canal, and a second absorbable member for shielding the opening is arranged on the umbrella-shaped structure.
With reference to the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein the driving member includes a sleeve and an adapter ring;
The sleeve is in threaded connection with the shaft hole, and the mandrel is in threaded connection with the sleeve;
The sleeve is abutted with the adapter ring;
and one end of the adapter ring, which is far away from the sleeve, is hinged with the umbrella-shaped structure.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where an annular groove is formed on an outer wall of the adaptor ring, and a convex ring adapted to the annular groove is disposed on a top of the sleeve;
The annular groove is slidably connected with the convex ring.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where a first connection seat for hinging with the umbrella structure is fixedly provided on the adapter ring.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where an end of the sleeve away from the adapter ring is provided with a hexagon socket.
With reference to the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the umbrella structure includes a first link and a second link;
One end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the top of the mandrel, the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the second connecting rod, and one end of the second connecting rod, which is far away from the first connecting rod, is hinged with the first connecting seat;
the top of the mandrel is provided with a second connecting seat hinged with the first connecting rod;
An absorbable plate is arranged on the first connecting rod.
With reference to the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the absorbable plate is made of tricalcium phosphate.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the absorbable plate is made of polylactic acid.
With reference to the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein an end of the mandrel away from the umbrella structure is provided with a hexagon socket.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, wherein an end of the nail body away from the umbrella structure is provided with a hexagon socket.
The beneficial effects are that:
The invention provides a hollow nail for improving femoral head blood circulation, which comprises a nail body, a mandrel, an umbrella-shaped structure and a driving piece for driving the umbrella-shaped structure, wherein an external thread is arranged on the outer wall of the nail body, a guide pin hole is formed in the mandrel, an annular cavity is formed in the nail body, an opening is formed in the top of the annular cavity, a plurality of pore channels are formed in the outer wall of the nail body and are communicated with the annular cavity, a shaft hole is formed in the nail body, the mandrel and the driving piece are both inserted into the shaft hole, the driving piece is sleeved on the mandrel, one end of the umbrella-shaped structure is hinged to the mandrel, the other end of the umbrella-shaped structure is hinged to the driving piece, a first absorbable piece is arranged in the pore channels, and a second absorbable piece for shielding the opening is arranged on the umbrella-shaped structure.
When the device is particularly used, medical staff can measure the height of necrotic epiphysis according to X-ray, CT or MRI before operation, and proper size and length of the nail body are selected, so that an umbrella-shaped structure on the nail body can completely enter the femur epiphysis; during operation, medical staff can drive a guide pin in perspective, electric drill expands marrow to a proximal growth plate of a femoral neck, then screws a nail body into a necrotic epiphysis through the femoral neck, and in the screwing process of the nail body, under the action of pressure difference between bone marrow of the femoral neck and a ring cavity on the nail body, a first filled absorbable part in a pore canal of the nail body can partially fall off and enter the ring cavity of the nail body, so that bone marrow of the femoral neck enters the ring cavity of the nail body under the action of the pressure difference; the nail body umbrella structure is ensured to completely enter into the necrotic epiphysis under perspective, then the medical staff driving part drives one end of the umbrella structure to move, so that the umbrella structure at the top of the nail body can be gradually opened, a temporary space is formed at the necrotic epiphysis along with the opening of the umbrella structure, so that bone marrow in the annular cavity of the nail body, the first absorbable part and the second absorbable part can enter into the necrotic epiphysis, meanwhile, more pore channels of the nail body are opened, more bone marrow enters into the annular cavity of the nail body and enters into the necrotic epiphysis, bone mesenchymal stem cells, growth factors and the like in the bone marrow gradually differentiate into osteoblasts in the necrotic epiphysis, and bone cells and bone tissues are gradually formed by taking the second absorbable part as a bracket to crawl to replace the original necrotic tissues. Thereby improving the blood circulation of the necrotic femoral head of the patient and improving the recovery probability of the patient.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intervening medium, or in communication between two elements or in an interaction relationship between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples thereof in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, an embodiment of the invention provides a hollow nail for improving femoral head blood transport, which comprises a nail body 100, a mandrel 200, a driving member 300 and an umbrella-shaped structure 400, wherein an external thread is arranged on the outer wall of the nail body 100, a guide pin hole 210 is arranged on the mandrel 200, a ring cavity 110 is arranged in the nail body 100, the top of the ring cavity 110 is provided with an opening 111, a plurality of pore channels 120 are arranged on the outer wall of the nail body 100 and are communicated with the ring cavity 110, a shaft hole 130 is arranged in the nail body 100, the mandrel 200 and the driving member 300 are both inserted into the shaft hole 130, one end of the umbrella-shaped structure 400 is hinged on the mandrel 200, the other end of the umbrella-shaped structure 400 is hinged on the driving member 300, a first absorbable member is arranged in the pore channels 120, and a second absorbable member 500 for shielding the opening 111 is arranged on the umbrella-shaped structure 400.
When the device is particularly used, a medical staff before operation can measure the height of necrotic epiphysis according to X-ray, CT or MRI, and select the proper size and length of the nail body 100, so as to ensure that the umbrella-shaped structure 400 on the nail body 100 can completely enter the femur epiphysis; during operation, medical staff can drive a guide pin in perspective, drill marrow and pass through a growth plate to a necrotic epiphysis, then screw the nail body 100 into a femoral neck, and in the screwing process of the nail body 100, under the action of pressure difference between the bone marrow of the femoral neck and the annular cavity 110 on the nail body 100, the filled first absorbable part in the pore canal 120 of the nail body 100 can partially fall off and enter the annular cavity 110 of the nail body 100, so that the bone marrow of the femoral neck enters the annular cavity 110 of the nail body 100 under the action of the pressure difference; then, the umbrella structure 400 of the nail body 100 is completely inserted into the necrotic epiphysis in perspective, then, the medical staff driving part 300 drives one end of the umbrella structure 400 to move, so that the umbrella structure 400 at the top of the nail body 100 can be gradually opened, a temporary space is formed at the necrotic epiphysis along with the opening of the umbrella structure 400, so that bone marrow in the annular cavity 110 of the nail body 100, the first absorbable part and the second absorbable part 500 can be inserted into the necrotic epiphysis, meanwhile, more tunnels 120 are opened in the nail body 100, more bone marrow enters the annular cavity 110 of the nail body 100 and enters the necrotic epiphysis, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, growth factors and the like in the bone marrow gradually differentiate into osteoblasts in the necrotic epiphysis, and bone cells and bone tissues are gradually formed by taking the second absorbable part 500 as a bracket, so that the bone cells and bone tissues are crawled to replace the original necrotic tissues. Thereby improving the blood circulation of the necrotic femoral head of the patient and improving the recovery probability of the patient.
Wherein the outer walls of the second absorbable members 500 are provided with external threads, and the external threads of the outer walls of the plurality of second absorbable members 500 can be brought together when the umbrella-like structure 400 is contracted, thereby combining the external threads of the outer walls of the plurality of second absorbable members 500 together. And, the top of umbrella-shaped structure 400 is provided with top, and top outer wall is provided with the external screw thread.
Referring to fig. 1-5, in an alternative embodiment, the driving member 300 includes a sleeve 310 and an adapter ring 320, the sleeve 310 is screwed with the shaft hole 130, the mandrel 200 is screwed with the sleeve 310, the sleeve 310 abuts against the adapter ring 320, and an end of the adapter ring 320 away from the sleeve 310 is hinged with the umbrella structure 400.
Specifically, the medical staff rotates the sleeve 310 by the screw driver of the sleeve 310, and the screw driver of the mandrel 200 can be connected with the mandrel 200 through the screw driver of the sleeve 310, so that the mandrel 200 does not move along with the sleeve 310 when the medical staff rotates the sleeve 310. So that the umbrella structure 400 does not rotate when the driving sleeve 310 opens the umbrella structure 400, thereby reducing the injury to the patient.
Specifically, an end of the sleeve 310 away from the adapter ring 320 is provided with an inner hexagonal groove, and the sleeve 310 can be driven to rotate by a hexagonal screwdriver.
Specifically, an inner hexagonal groove is formed at one end of the mandrel 200 away from the umbrella-shaped structure 400, and the mandrel 200 can be driven to rotate by a hexagonal screwdriver.
Specifically, the end of the nail body 100 far away from the umbrella-shaped structure 400 is provided with an inner hexagonal groove, and the nail body 100 can be driven to rotate through a hexagonal screwdriver.
Referring to fig. 1-5, in an alternative scheme of this embodiment, an annular groove 321 is formed on an outer wall of the adapter ring 320, a convex ring 311 adapted to the annular groove 321 is disposed on a top of the sleeve 310, and the annular groove 321 is slidably connected with the convex ring 311.
Specifically, the ring groove 321 is formed in the adapter ring 320, the convex ring 311 is arranged on the sleeve 310, and the adapter ring 320 can move up and down synchronously along with the sleeve 310 through the cooperation of the ring groove 321 and the convex ring 311, and the adapter ring 320 can rotate relative to the sleeve 310, so that the adapter ring 320 only completes the ascending and descending actions when the sleeve 310 ascends or descends in a rotating manner.
Referring to fig. 1-5, in an alternative embodiment, a first connection seat 322 for hinging with the umbrella structure 400 is fixedly disposed on the adapter ring 320.
Specifically, the first connection base 322 is disposed on the adapter ring 320, so that a worker can assemble the umbrella structure 400.
Referring to fig. 1-5, in an alternative embodiment, the umbrella structure 400 includes a first link 410 and a second link 420, one end of the first link 410 is hinged to the top of the mandrel 200, the other end is hinged to the second link 420, one end of the second link 420 away from the first link 410 is hinged to the first connecting seat 322, the top of the mandrel 200 is provided with the second connecting seat 220 hinged to the first link 410, and the first link 410 is provided with an absorbable plate.
Specifically, the first link 410 and the second link 420 are configured to enable the umbrella structure 400 to retract and expand.
Specifically, after the medical staff screws the nail body 100 into the femur of the patient by using the large-size screwdriver, the small-size screwdriver with the shaft hole 130 is used for being connected with the sleeve 310, then another small-size screwdriver is inserted from the shaft hole 130 and is connected with the mandrel 200, then the medical staff rotates the screwdriver connected with the sleeve 310, at the moment, the sleeve 310 can rotate in the shaft hole 130 of the nail body 100, the mandrel 200 cannot rotate along with the sleeve 310 under the fixation of the screwdriver, at the moment, the sleeve 310 can ascend relative to the mandrel 200, so that the sleeve 310 can push the adapter ring 320 to ascend, the adapter ring 320 pushes the first connecting seat 322 to ascend, and then the second connecting rod 420 of the umbrella-shaped structure 400 is pushed to ascend, so that the first connecting rod 410 is driven to swing upwards, and the umbrella-shaped structure 400 can be unfolded, and the second absorbable member 500 arranged on the first connecting rod 410 can support the femoral head necrosis part.
In an alternative to this embodiment, the absorbable plate is made of tricalcium phosphate.
Specifically, the absorbable plate may be made of tricalcium phosphate.
In an alternative to this embodiment, the absorbable plate is made of polylactic acid.
Specifically, the absorbable plate may be made of polylactic acid material.
In addition, the person skilled in the art can also adopt other materials to prepare the absorbable plate, so long as the absorbable plate can be absorbed by human body after operation, and the absorbable plate can not cause damage to human body, and the absorbable plate is not described in detail herein.
The hollow nail for improving femoral head blood circulation provided by the embodiment can be used in the necrosis stage of aseptic necrosis of femoral head, and the femoral head epiphysis in the necrosis stage has a soft necrotic tissue structure, so that the umbrella-shaped structure 400 at the top of the nail body 100 can be opened well. Can achieve the aims of early intervention and treatment and avoid collapse and flattening of the femoral head.
The method for using the hollow nail for improving femoral head blood circulation provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps of 1, measuring the height of necrotic epiphysis according to X-ray, CT or MRI before operation, selecting proper size and length of the nail body 100, and ensuring that the umbrella-shaped structure 400 of the nail body 100 can completely enter the femoral epiphysis.
And 2, taking a small incision on the outer side of the proximal femur, driving a guide needle into the femur under perspective, and expanding the marrow to a bone neck proximal growth plate by an electric drill.
Step 3, a large-size screwdriver is selected to screw the whole nail body 100 into the necrotic epiphysis through the femoral neck, in the screwing process, under the action of the pressure difference between the bone marrow of the femoral neck and the annular cavity 110 of the nail body 100, the filled absorbable material of the pore canal 120 of the nail body 100 can be partially fallen into the annular cavity 110 of the nail body 100, and the bone marrow of the femoral neck enters into the annular cavity 110 of the nail body 100 under the action of the pressure difference.
The diameter and distribution density of the holes 120 of the nail body 100 should satisfy the conditions that the diameter and distribution density of the holes 120 should not be too large to affect the strength of the nail body 100, and that the holes 120 should be distributed and have a sufficient diameter so that bone marrow can smoothly enter the annular cavity 110 of the nail body 100 and enter the necrotic epiphysis.
Step 4, the nail body 100 is screwed into the necrotic epiphysis through the growth plate, and as much as possible of the nail body 100 is screwed into the epiphysis, but the femoral head is not pierced, so that the umbrella-shaped structure 400 on the nail body 100 is ensured to completely enter the necrotic epiphysis under perspective.
Step 5, the sleeve 310 is screwed in by a small screw driver, and the mandrel 200 is fixed by another screw driver, so that the umbrella-shaped structure 400 at the top of the nail body 100 is gradually opened. At this point, as bone marrow gradually enters annulus 110, the pressure differential between the inside and outside of umbrella structure 400 at the top of shaft 100 is reduced and the resistance to threading into sleeve 310 is significantly less. As umbrella 400 opens, a temporary space is created in the necrotic epiphysis allowing bone marrow and absorbable material in annulus 110 to enter the necrotic epiphysis, and at the same time, nail body 100 also has more openings 120 open and more bone marrow enters screw annulus 110 and into the necrotic epiphysis.
Step 6, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, growth factors and the like in bone marrow gradually differentiate into osteoblasts in necrotic epiphyses, and bone cells and bone tissues are gradually formed by taking the second absorbable member 500 as a bracket, and crawling to replace the original necrotic tissues.
Wherein the annulus 110 of the nail body 100 can continuously attract the bone marrow of the femoral neck into the necrotic epiphysis, the umbrella-shaped structure 400 can increase the distribution of bone marrow in the necrotic epiphysis and support the height of the necrotic epiphysis, and the second absorbable member 500 plays a role of a scaffold for stem cell crawling replacement.
Step 7, periodically rechecking the X-ray film after operation, and taking out the metal part of the hollow nail for improving femoral head blood circulation provided by the embodiment according to the absorption condition of the umbrella-shaped structure 400 and the epiphyseal repair condition.
In conclusion, the hollow nail for improving femoral head blood circulation provided by the embodiment can interfere aseptic necrosis of the femoral head in an early stage, accelerate reconstruction of the necrotic femoral head and simultaneously can better maintain the height of the necrotic femoral head.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the above-mentioned embodiments may be modified or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions do not deviate from the essence of the corresponding technical solution from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention.