技术领域Technical Field
本公开涉及一种串联电池组的均衡芯片及电池管理系统。The present disclosure relates to a balancing chip and a battery management system for a series-connected battery pack.
背景技术Background technique
诸如锂电池的可充电电池对充放电要求很高，当过充、过放、过电流及短路等情况发生时，锂电池内部压力与热量大量增加，容易产生火花、燃烧甚至爆炸，因此，对锂电池电池组进行过充、过放电保护是必要的。Rechargeable batteries such as lithium batteries have very high requirements for charging and discharging. When overcharging, over-discharging, overcurrent and short circuit occur, the internal pressure and heat of the lithium battery increase greatly, which is easy to produce sparks, combustion and even explosion. Therefore, it is necessary to protect the lithium battery pack from overcharging and over-discharging.
随着电池的使用，各个电池的性能可能将会不一致，这时就会出现不均衡的问题，例如在充放电的过程中，以充电为例，某些电池可能已经被完全充电，而某些电池可能还存在没有被完全充电的情况，或者某些电池已经被过充电。放电过程也是如此。As the battery is used, the performance of each battery may be inconsistent, and then there will be an imbalance problem. For example, during the charging and discharging process, taking charging as an example, some batteries may have been fully charged, while some batteries may not be fully charged, or some batteries may have been overcharged. The same is true for the discharging process.
由于各个单体电池不一致性，要求在充电时采取必要均衡措施以确保其安全性和稳定性。Due to the inconsistency of each single battery, necessary balancing measures are required during charging to ensure its safety and stability.
此外，现有技术中，对于均衡控制的电路设置在印刷电路板上，其并不符合小型化集成化的趋势等。In addition, in the prior art, the circuit for balancing control is arranged on a printed circuit board, which does not conform to the trend of miniaturization and integration.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了解决上述技术问题之一，本公开提供了一种串联电池组的均衡芯片及电池管理系统。In order to solve one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a balancing chip and a battery management system for a series-connected battery pack.
根据本公开的一个实施方式，一种串联电池组的均衡芯片，所述串联电池组包括N个串联的电池，其中N＞1，所述均衡芯片包括：According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a balancing chip for a series battery pack is provided, wherein the series battery pack includes N batteries connected in series, wherein N>1, and the balancing chip includes:
i个控制开关，所述i个控制开关的第i个控制开关的第一端经由均衡电阻与第i个电池的正极端连接，所述第i个控制开关的第二端与第i-1个电池的正极端连接；以及i control switches, wherein a first end of an i-th control switch of the i control switches is connected to a positive terminal of an i-th battery via a balancing resistor, and a second end of the i-th control switch is connected to a positive terminal of an i-1-th battery; and
i个第一电阻，所述i个第一电阻的第i个第一电阻的第一端与所述第i个控制开关的第二端连接，并且所述第i个第一电阻的第二端连接至所述第i个控制开关的控制端，i first resistors, a first end of an i-th first resistor of the i first resistors is connected to a second end of the i-th control switch, and a second end of the i-th first resistor is connected to a control end of the i-th control switch,
所述第i个控制开关被控制为：当从所述第i个电池的正极端流向第i-1个电池的正极端的电流大于电流阈值时，基于所述第i个第一电阻产生的电压使得所述第i个控制开关被导通，从而电流流过所述第i个控制开关以便对所述第i个电池进行电流均衡，其中1＜i≤N。The i-th control switch is controlled such that when the current flowing from the positive terminal of the i-th battery to the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery is greater than a current threshold, the i-th control switch is turned on based on the voltage generated by the i-th first resistor, so that the current flows through the i-th control switch to balance the current of the i-th battery, where 1＜i≤N.
根据本公开至少一个实施方式的均衡芯片，所述i个控制开关为NMOS晶体管，所述i个控制开关的第一端为漏极，所述i个控制开关的第二端为源极，所述i个控制开关的控制端为栅极；或者所述i个控制开关为三极管，所述i个控制开关的第一端为集电极，所述i个控制开关的第二端为发射极，所述i个控制开关的控制端为基极。According to the balancing chip of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the i control switches are NMOS transistors, the first ends of the i control switches are drains, the second ends of the i control switches are sources, and the control ends of the i control switches are gates; or the i control switches are triodes, the first ends of the i control switches are collectors, the second ends of the i control switches are emitters, and the control ends of the i control switches are bases.
根据本公开至少一个实施方式的均衡芯片，还包括i个第二电阻，所述i个第二电阻的第i个第二电阻的第一端连接所述第i个控制开关的控制端，所述第i个第二电阻的第二端连接所述第i个第一电阻的第二端。According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the balancing chip further includes i second resistors, wherein the first end of the i-th second resistor is connected to the control end of the i-th control switch, and the second end of the i-th second resistor is connected to the second end of the i-th first resistor.
根据本公开至少一个实施方式的均衡芯片，还包括i个第一二极管，所述i个第一二极管的第i个第一二极管的阳极连接至所述第i个控制开关的第一端，所述第i个第一二极管的阴极接地。According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the balancing chip further includes i first diodes, wherein an anode of an i-th first diode of the i first diodes is connected to the first end of the i-th control switch, and a cathode of the i-th first diode is grounded.
根据本公开至少一个实施方式的均衡芯片，还包括i个第二二极管，所述i个第二二极管的第i个第二二极管的阳极连接所述控制开关的第二端，所述第i个第二二极管的阴极连接所述控制开关的控制端。According to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the balancing chip further includes i second diodes, wherein the anode of the i-th second diode of the i second diodes is connected to the second end of the control switch, and the cathode of the i-th second diode is connected to the control end of the control switch.
根据本公开至少一个实施方式的均衡芯片，还包括i个第三二极管，所述i个第二三极管的第i个第二三极管的阳极连接第i+1个第一电阻的第二端，所述第i个第二三极管的阴极连接第i个第一电阻的第二端。According to at least one embodiment of the balancing chip of the present disclosure, it also includes i third diodes, the anode of the i-th second transistor of the i second transistors is connected to the second end of the i+1-th first resistor, and the cathode of the i-th second transistor is connected to the second end of the i-th first resistor.
根据本公开至少一个实施方式的均衡芯片，从所述第i个电池的正极端流向第i-1个电池的正极端的电流通过i个第一开关的第i个第一开关的导通与断开来进行控制，当所述第i个第一开关导通时，电流从所述第i个电池的正极端流向第i-1个电池的正极端。According to the balancing chip of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the current flowing from the positive terminal of the i-th battery to the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery is controlled by turning on and off the i-th first switch of the i-th first switches. When the i-th first switch is turned on, the current flows from the positive terminal of the i-th battery to the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery.
根据本公开至少一个实施方式的均衡芯片，所述i个第一开关集成在所述均衡芯片中。According to the balancing chip of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the i first switches are integrated in the balancing chip.
根据本公开至少一个实施方式的均衡芯片，还包括i个电流控制电路，所述i个电流控制电路的第i个电流控制电路的第一端连接在第i+1个第一电阻的第二端，所述第i个电流控制电路的第二端连接在第i个第一电阻的第二端。According to at least one embodiment of the balancing chip of the present disclosure, it also includes i current control circuits, wherein the first end of the i-th current control circuit of the i current control circuits is connected to the second end of the i+1-th first resistor, and the second end of the i-th current control circuit is connected to the second end of the i-th first resistor.
根据本公开至少一个实施方式的均衡芯片，基于第N个电池的正极端的电压和第i-1个电池的正极端的电压，来控制i个电流控制电路中的每个电流控制电路所生成的电流。According to at least one embodiment of the balancing chip of the present disclosure, the current generated by each of i current control circuits is controlled based on the voltage of the positive terminal of the Nth battery and the voltage of the positive terminal of the (i-1)th battery.
根据本公开至少一个实施方式的均衡芯片，当需要对第i个电池进行均衡控制时，则第i个电流控制电路进行工作。According to the balancing chip of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, when balancing control needs to be performed on the i-th battery, the i-th current control circuit operates.
根据本公开至少一个实施方式的均衡芯片，所述i个电流控制电路分别包括镜像电路及电流源，所述电流源基于第N个电池的正极端的电压生成电流，并且经由镜像电流生成流入第i个第一电阻的第二端的电流。According to the balancing chip of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the i current control circuits respectively include a mirror circuit and a current source, the current source generates a current based on the voltage of the positive terminal of the Nth battery, and generates a current flowing into the second end of the i-th first resistor via the mirror current.
根据本公开至少一个实施方式的均衡芯片，基于第i个电池的正极端的电压和第i-1个电池的正极端的电压，来控制i个电流控制电路中的每个电流控制电路所生成的电流。According to at least one embodiment of the balancing chip of the present disclosure, the current generated by each of the i current control circuits is controlled based on the voltage of the positive terminal of the i-th battery and the voltage of the positive terminal of the (i-1)-th battery.
根据本公开至少一个实施方式的均衡芯片，当需要对第i个电池进行均衡控制时，则第i个电流控制电路进行工作。According to the balancing chip of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, when balancing control needs to be performed on the i-th battery, the i-th current control circuit operates.
根据本公开至少一个实施方式的均衡芯片，所述i个电流控制电路分别包括镜像电路及电流源，所述电流源基于第i个电池的正极端的电压生成电流，并且经由镜像电流生成流入第i个第一电阻的第二端的电流。According to the balancing chip of at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the i current control circuits respectively include a mirror circuit and a current source, the current source generates a current based on the voltage of the positive terminal of the i-th battery, and generates a current flowing into the second end of the i-th first resistor via the mirror current.
根据本公开的另一实施方式，一种电池管理系统，包括：According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a battery management system includes:
如上所述的均衡电路；以及An equalization circuit as described above; and
电池管理芯片，所述电池管理芯片至少经由所述均衡电路来测量第i个电池的电压。A battery management chip is used to measure the voltage of the i-th battery at least via the balancing circuit.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
附图示出了本公开的示例性实施方式，并与其说明一起用于解释本公开的原理，其中包括了这些附图以提供对本公开的进一步理解，并且附图包括在本说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分。The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure. These drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification.
图1示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的电池管理系统的示意图。FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
图2示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的电池管理系统的示意图。FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
图3示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的电池管理系统的示意图。FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
图4示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的电池管理系统的示意图。FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
图5示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的电池管理系统的示意图。FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施方式对本公开作进一步的详细说明。可以理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于解释相关内容，而非对本公开的限定。另外还需要说明的是，为了便于描述，附图中仅示出了与本公开相关的部分。The present disclosure is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementations. It is understood that the specific implementations described herein are only used to explain the relevant content, rather than to limit the present disclosure. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings.
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本公开中的实施方式及实施方式中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施方式来详细说明本公开的技术方案。It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present disclosure can be combined with each other. The technical solution of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.
除非另有说明，否则示出的示例性实施方式/实施例将被理解为提供可以在实践中实施本公开的技术构思的一些方式的各种细节的示例性特征。因此，除非另有说明，否则在不脱离本公开的技术构思的情况下，各种实施方式/实施例的特征可以另外地组合、分离、互换和/或重新布置。Unless otherwise specified, the exemplary embodiments/embodiments shown will be understood as providing exemplary features of various details of some ways in which the technical concept of the present disclosure can be implemented in practice. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, the features of the various embodiments/embodiments can be combined, separated, interchanged and/or rearranged without departing from the technical concept of the present disclosure.
在附图中使用交叉影线和/或阴影通常用于使相邻部件之间的边界变得清晰。如此，除非说明，否则交叉影线或阴影的存在与否均不传达或表示对部件的具体材料、材料性质、尺寸、比例、示出的部件之间的共性和/或部件的任何其它特性、属性、性质等的任何偏好或者要求。此外，在附图中，为了清楚和/或描述性的目的，可以夸大部件的尺寸和相对尺寸。当可以不同地实施示例性实施例时，可以以不同于所描述的顺序来执行具体的工艺顺序。例如，可以基本同时执行或者以与所描述的顺序相反的顺序执行两个连续描述的工艺。此外，同样的附图标记表示同样的部件。The use of cross-hatching and/or shading in the accompanying drawings is generally used to make the boundaries between adjacent components clear. As such, unless otherwise specified, the presence or absence of cross-hatching or shading does not convey or indicate any preference or requirement for the specific materials, material properties, dimensions, proportions, commonalities between the components shown, and/or any other characteristics, attributes, properties, etc. of the components. In addition, in the accompanying drawings, the sizes and relative sizes of the components may be exaggerated for clarity and/or descriptive purposes. When the exemplary embodiments can be implemented differently, the specific process sequence can be performed in a different order than described. For example, two successively described processes can be performed substantially simultaneously or in an order opposite to the described order. In addition, the same figure numbers represent the same components.
当一个部件被称作“在”另一部件“上”或“之上”、“连接到”或“结合到”另一部件时，该部件可以直接在所述另一部件上、直接连接到或直接结合到所述另一部件，或者可以存在中间部件。然而，当部件被称作“直接在”另一部件“上”、“直接连接到”或“直接结合到”另一部件时，不存在中间部件。为此，术语“连接”可以指物理连接、电气连接等，并且具有或不具有中间部件。When a component is referred to as being "on" or "over," "connected to," or "coupled to" another component, the component may be directly on, directly connected to, or directly coupled to the other component, or intervening components may be present. However, when a component is referred to as being "directly on," "directly connected to," or "directly coupled to" another component, there are no intervening components. For this purpose, the term "connected" may refer to a physical connection, an electrical connection, etc., with or without intervening components.
为了描述性目的，本公开可使用诸如“在……之下”、“在……下方”、“在……下”、“下”、“在……上方”、“上”、“在……之上”、“较高的”和“侧(例如，如在“侧壁”中)”等的空间相对术语，从而来描述如附图中示出的一个部件与另一(其它)部件的关系。除了附图中描绘的方位之外，空间相对术语还意图包含设备在使用、操作和/或制造中的不同方位。例如，如果附图中的设备被翻转，则被描述为“在”其它部件或特征“下方”或“之下”的部件将随后被定位为“在”所述其它部件或特征“上方”。因此，示例性术语“在……下方”可以包含“上方”和“下方”两种方位。此外，设备可被另外定位(例如，旋转90度或者在其它方位处)，如此，相应地解释这里使用的空间相对描述语。For descriptive purposes, the present disclosure may use spatially relative terms such as "under," "beneath," "under," "down," "over," "upper," "above," "higher," and "side (e.g., as in "sidewall")," to describe the relationship of one component to another (other) component as shown in the accompanying drawings. The spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use, operation, and/or manufacture in addition to the orientation depicted in the accompanying drawings. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is turned over, components described as "under" or "beneath" other components or features would subsequently be positioned "over" the other components or features. Thus, the exemplary term "under" can encompass both the "over" and "under" orientations. Furthermore, the device may be otherwise oriented (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptors used herein should be interpreted accordingly.
这里使用的术语是为了描述具体实施例的目的，而不意图是限制性的。如这里所使用的，除非上下文另外清楚地指出，否则单数形式“一个(种、者)”和“所述(该)”也意图包括复数形式。此外，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”以及它们的变型时，说明存在所陈述的特征、整体、步骤、操作、部件、组件和/或它们的组，但不排除存在或附加一个或更多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、部件、组件和/或它们的组。还要注意的是，如这里使用的，术语“基本上”、“大约”和其它类似的术语被用作近似术语而不用作程度术语，如此，它们被用来解释本领域普通技术人员将认识到的测量值、计算值和/或提供的值的固有偏差。The terms used here are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to be restrictive. As used here, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one (kind, person)" and "said (the)" are also intended to include plural forms. In addition, when the terms "comprise" and/or "include" and their variations are used in this specification, it is explained that there are stated features, integral bodies, steps, operations, parts, assemblies and/or their groups, but it is not excluded that there are or add one or more other features, integral bodies, steps, operations, parts, assemblies and/or their groups. It should also be noted that, as used here, the terms "substantially", "approximately" and other similar terms are used as approximate terms and not as degree terms, so that they are used to explain the inherent deviations of the measured values, calculated values and/or the values provided that will be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art.
根据本公开的一个实施方式，提供了一种串联电池组的均衡芯片，串联电池组包括N个串联的电池，其中N＞1，均衡芯片包括：i个控制开关，i个控制开关的第i个控制开关的第一端经由均衡电阻与第i个电池的正极端连接，第i个控制开关的第二端与第i-1个电池的正极端连接；以及i个第一电阻，i个第一电阻的第i个第一电阻的第一端与第i个控制开关的第二端连接，并且第i个第一电阻的第二端连接至第i个控制开关的控制端，第i个控制开关被控制为：当从第i个电池的正极端流向第i-1个电池的正极端的电流大于电流阈值时，基于第i个第一电阻产生的电压使得第i个控制开关被导通，从而电流流过第i个控制开关以便对第i个电池进行电流均衡，其中1＜i≤N。According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a balancing chip for a series battery pack is provided, the series battery pack includes N batteries connected in series, wherein N>1, and the balancing chip includes: i control switches, wherein a first end of an i-th control switch of the i control switches is connected to a positive terminal of an i-th battery via a balancing resistor, and a second end of the i-th control switch is connected to a positive terminal of an i-1-th battery; and i first resistors, wherein a first end of an i-th first resistor of the i first resistors is connected to a second end of the i-th control switch, and a second end of the i-th first resistor is connected to a control end of the i-th control switch, and the i-th control switch is controlled such that when a current flowing from the positive terminal of the i-th battery to the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery is greater than a current threshold, the i-th control switch is turned on based on a voltage generated by the i-th first resistor, so that a current flows through the i-th control switch to balance the current of the i-th battery, wherein 1<i≤N.
i个控制开关为NMOS晶体管，i个控制开关的第一端为漏极，i个控制开关的第二端为源极，i个控制开关的控制端为栅极；或者i个控制开关为三极管，i个控制开关的第一端为集电极，i个控制开关的第二端为发射极，i个控制开关的控制端为基极。The i control switches are NMOS transistors, the first ends of the i control switches are drains, the second ends of the i control switches are sources, and the control ends of the i control switches are gates; or the i control switches are triodes, the first ends of the i control switches are collectors, the second ends of the i control switches are emitters, and the control ends of the i control switches are bases.
还包括i个第二电阻，i个第二电阻的第i个第二电阻的第一端连接第i个控制开关的控制端，第i个第二电阻的第二端连接第i个第一电阻的第二端。It also includes i second resistors, wherein the first end of the i-th second resistor is connected to the control end of the i-th control switch, and the second end of the i-th second resistor is connected to the second end of the i-th first resistor.
还包括i个第一二极管，i个第一二极管的第i个第一二极管的阳极连接至第i个控制开关的第一端，第i个第一二极管的阴极接地。The device further includes i first diodes, wherein an anode of an i-th first diode of the i first diodes is connected to the first end of the i-th control switch, and a cathode of the i-th first diode is grounded.
还包括i个第二二极管，i个第二二极管的第i个第二二极管的阳极连接控制开关的第二端，第i个第二二极管的阴极连接控制开关的控制端。It also includes i second diodes, wherein the anode of the i-th second diode of the i second diodes is connected to the second end of the control switch, and the cathode of the i-th second diode is connected to the control end of the control switch.
还包括i个第三二极管，i个第二三极管的第i个第二三极管的阳极连接第i+1个第一电阻的第二端，第i个第二三极管的阴极连接第i个第一电阻的第二端。It also includes i third diodes, the anode of the i-th second triode of the i second triodes is connected to the second end of the i+1-th first resistor, and the cathode of the i-th second triode is connected to the second end of the i-th first resistor.
从第i个电池的正极端流向第i-1个电池的正极端的电流通过i个第一开关的第i个第一开关的导通与断开来进行控制，当第i个第一开关导通时，电流从第i个电池的正极端流向第i-1个电池的正极端。The current flowing from the positive terminal of the i-th battery to the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery is controlled by turning on and off the i-th first switch of the i-th first switches. When the i-th first switch is turned on, the current flows from the positive terminal of the i-th battery to the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery.
i个第一开关集成在均衡芯片中。The i first switches are integrated in the balancing chip.
还包括i个电流控制电路，i个电流控制电路的第i个电流控制电路的第一端连接在第i+1个第一电阻的第二端，第i个电流控制电路的第二端连接在第i个第一电阻的第二端。It also includes i current control circuits, wherein the first end of the i-th current control circuit is connected to the second end of the i+1-th first resistor, and the second end of the i-th current control circuit is connected to the second end of the i-th first resistor.
基于第N个电池的正极端的电压和第i-1个电池的正极端的电压，来控制i个电流控制电路中的每个电流控制电路所生成的电流。The current generated by each of the i current control circuits is controlled based on the voltage of the positive terminal of the Nth battery and the voltage of the positive terminal of the (i-1)th battery.
当需要对第i个电池进行均衡控制时，则第i个电流控制电路进行工作。When the ith battery needs to be balanced, the ith current control circuit starts to work.
i个电流控制电路分别包括镜像电路及电流源，电流源基于第N个电池的正极端的电压生成电流，并且经由镜像电流生成流入第i个第一电阻的第二端的电流。The i current control circuits respectively include a mirror circuit and a current source, the current source generates a current based on the voltage of the positive terminal of the Nth battery, and generates a current flowing into the second end of the i-th first resistor via the mirror current.
基于第i个电池的正极端的电压和第i-1个电池的正极端的电压，来控制i个电流控制电路中的每个电流控制电路所生成的电流。The current generated by each of the i current control circuits is controlled based on the voltage of the positive terminal of the i-th battery and the voltage of the positive terminal of the (i-1)-th battery.
当需要对第i个电池进行均衡控制时，则第i个电流控制电路进行工作。When the ith battery needs to be balanced, the ith current control circuit starts to work.
i个电流控制电路分别包括镜像电路及电流源，电流源基于第i个电池的正极端的电压生成电流，并且经由镜像电流生成流入第i个第一电阻的第二端的电流。The i current control circuits respectively include a mirror circuit and a current source, the current source generates a current based on the voltage of the positive terminal of the i-th battery, and generates a current flowing into the second end of the i-th first resistor via the mirror current.
下面将结合附图对本公开的技术方案进行说明。The technical solution of the present disclosure will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
<第一实施例><First Embodiment>
图1示出了根据本公开的第一实施例的均衡芯片。串联电池组100包括N个串联的电池101、102、……、10n。Fig. 1 shows a balancing chip according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. A series battery group 100 includes N batteries 101, 102, ..., 10n connected in series.
均衡芯片200包括：i个控制开关211、212、……21n，i个控制开关的第i个控制开关的第一端经由均衡电阻401、402、……、40n与第i个电池的正极端连接，第i个控制开关的第二端与第i-1个电池的正极端连接；以及i个第一电阻231、232、……、23n，i个第一电阻的第i个第一电阻的第一端与第i个控制开关的第二端连接，并且第i个第一电阻的第二端连接至第i个控制开关的控制端，第i个控制开关被控制为：当从第i个电池的正极端流向第i-1个电池的正极端的电流大于电流阈值时，基于第i个第一电阻产生的电压使得第i个控制开关被导通，从而电流流过第i个控制开关以便对第i个电池进行电流均衡，其中1＜i≤N。The balancing chip 200 includes: i control switches 211, 212, ... 21n, wherein a first end of an i-th control switch of the i control switches is connected to a positive terminal of an i-th battery via balancing resistors 401, 402, ... 40n, and a second end of the i-th control switch is connected to a positive terminal of an i-1-th battery; and i first resistors 231, 232, ... 23n, wherein a first end of an i-th first resistor of the i first resistors is connected to a second end of the i-th control switch, and a second end of the i-th first resistor is connected to a control terminal of the i-th control switch, and the i-th control switch is controlled such that when a current flowing from the positive terminal of the i-th battery to the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery is greater than a current threshold, the i-th control switch is turned on based on a voltage generated by the i-th first resistor, so that a current flows through the i-th control switch to balance the current of the i-th battery, wherein 1＜i≤N.
i个控制开关为NMOS晶体管，i个控制开关的第一端为漏极，i个控制开关的第二端为源极，i个控制开关的控制端为栅极；或者i个控制开关为三极管，i个控制开关的第一端为集电极，i个控制开关的第二端为发射极，i个控制开关的控制端为基极。The i control switches are NMOS transistors, the first ends of the i control switches are drains, the second ends of the i control switches are sources, and the control ends of the i control switches are gates; or the i control switches are triodes, the first ends of the i control switches are collectors, the second ends of the i control switches are emitters, and the control ends of the i control switches are bases.
下面将以第2节电池的内容为例并且设定控制开关为NMOS晶体管进行说明。The following will take the contents of the second battery as an example and set the control switch to an NMOS transistor for explanation.
NMOS晶体管212的漏极通过管脚通过均衡电阻402连接第2节电池的正极端，并且NMOS晶体管212的源极经由管脚连接第1节电池的正极端。NMOS晶体管212的栅极连接第二电阻222，并且在NMOS晶体管212的源极与第二电阻222之间连接有第一电阻232。这样电池出现不均衡情况时，将会从电池102的正极端、经由电阻23n、电阻232形成电流，电阻222和电阻232所形成的电压构成NMOS晶体管212的栅源电压，当该栅源电压大于阈值开启电压时，则NMOS晶体管212将会导通，这时将会有均衡电流从电阻402流经NMOS晶体管212，从而对电池102实施均衡。当没有电流流过时，NMOS晶体管212的栅源电压为零，则NMOS晶体管212断开，这时将不实施均衡控制。The drain of the NMOS transistor 212 is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery through the balancing resistor 402 via the pin, and the source of the NMOS transistor 212 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery via the pin. The gate of the NMOS transistor 212 is connected to the second resistor 222, and a first resistor 232 is connected between the source of the NMOS transistor 212 and the second resistor 222. In this way, when the battery is unbalanced, a current will be formed from the positive terminal of the battery 102, through the resistor 23n and the resistor 232. The voltage formed by the resistor 222 and the resistor 232 constitutes the gate-source voltage of the NMOS transistor 212. When the gate-source voltage is greater than the threshold turn-on voltage, the NMOS transistor 212 will be turned on, and a balancing current will flow from the resistor 402 through the NMOS transistor 212, thereby balancing the battery 102. When no current flows, the gate-source voltage of the NMOS transistor 212 is zero, and the NMOS transistor 212 is disconnected, and no balancing control will be implemented at this time.
此外，还包括i个第一二极管251、252、……、25n，i个第一二极管的第i个第一二极管的阳极连接至第i个控制开关的第一端，第i个第一二极管的阴极接地。例如二极管252的阳极连接控制开关212的漏极，阴极接地，用于保护控制开关212的漏极。In addition, i first diodes 251, 252, ..., 25n are included, and the anode of the i-th first diode of the i-th first diode is connected to the first end of the i-th control switch, and the cathode of the i-th first diode is grounded. For example, the anode of the diode 252 is connected to the drain of the control switch 212, and the cathode is grounded, so as to protect the drain of the control switch 212.
还包括i个第二二极管241、242、……24n，i个第二二极管的第i个第二二极管的阳极连接控制开关的第二端，第i个第二二极管的阴极连接控制开关的控制端。例如二极管242的阳极连接晶体管212的栅极，阴极连接晶体管212的源极，用于保护晶体管212的栅极氧化层。The device further comprises i second diodes 241, 242, ... 24n, wherein the anode of the i-th second diode of the i second diodes is connected to the second end of the control switch, and the cathode of the i-th second diode is connected to the control end of the control switch. For example, the anode of the diode 242 is connected to the gate of the transistor 212, and the cathode is connected to the source of the transistor 212, so as to protect the gate oxide layer of the transistor 212.
还包括i个第三二极管261、262、……、26n，i个第二三极管的第i个第二三极管的阳极连接第i+1个第一电阻的第二端，第i个第二三极管的阴极连接第i个第一电阻的第二端。例如，二极管262连接在电阻232和23n之间，用于对晶体管212进行保护。The device further includes i third diodes 261, 262, ..., 26n, wherein the anode of the i-th second triode of the i second triodes is connected to the second end of the i+1-th first resistor, and the cathode of the i-th second triode is connected to the second end of the i-th first resistor. For example, the diode 262 is connected between the resistors 232 and 23n to protect the transistor 212.
此外，该均衡芯片200与BMS芯片300通过管脚连接，例如可以通过BMS芯片300来测量每节电池的电压等。In addition, the balancing chip 200 is connected to the BMS chip 300 via pins. For example, the voltage of each battery cell can be measured via the BMS chip 300 .
<第二实施例><Second Embodiment>
图2示出了根据本公开的第二实施例的均衡芯片。串联电池组100包括N个串联的电池101、102、……、10n。Fig. 2 shows a balancing chip according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. A series-connected battery group 100 includes N batteries 101, 102, ..., 10n connected in series.
均衡芯片200包括：i个控制开关211、212、……21n，i个控制开关的第i个控制开关的第一端经由均衡电阻401、402、……、40n与第i个电池的正极端连接，第i个控制开关的第二端与第i-1个电池的正极端连接；以及i个第一电阻231、232、……、23n，i个第一电阻的第i个第一电阻的第一端与第i个控制开关的第二端连接，并且第i个第一电阻的第二端连接至第i个控制开关的控制端，第i个控制开关被控制为：当从第i个电池的正极端流向第i-1个电池的正极端的电流大于电流阈值时，基于第i个第一电阻产生的电压使得第i个控制开关被导通，从而电流流过第i个控制开关以便对第i个电池进行电流均衡，其中1＜i≤N。The balancing chip 200 includes: i control switches 211, 212, ... 21n, wherein a first end of an i-th control switch of the i control switches is connected to a positive terminal of an i-th battery via balancing resistors 401, 402, ... 40n, and a second end of the i-th control switch is connected to a positive terminal of an i-1-th battery; and i first resistors 231, 232, ... 23n, wherein a first end of an i-th first resistor of the i first resistors is connected to a second end of the i-th control switch, and a second end of the i-th first resistor is connected to a control terminal of the i-th control switch, and the i-th control switch is controlled such that when a current flowing from the positive terminal of the i-th battery to the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery is greater than a current threshold, the i-th control switch is turned on based on a voltage generated by the i-th first resistor, so that a current flows through the i-th control switch to balance the current of the i-th battery, wherein 1＜i≤N.
i个控制开关为NMOS晶体管，i个控制开关的第一端为漏极，i个控制开关的第二端为源极，i个控制开关的控制端为栅极；或者i个控制开关为三极管，i个控制开关的第一端为集电极，i个控制开关的第二端为发射极，i个控制开关的控制端为基极。The i control switches are NMOS transistors, the first ends of the i control switches are drains, the second ends of the i control switches are sources, and the control ends of the i control switches are gates; or the i control switches are triodes, the first ends of the i control switches are collectors, the second ends of the i control switches are emitters, and the control ends of the i control switches are bases.
下面将以第2节电池的内容为例并且设定控制开关为NMOS晶体管进行说明。The following will take the contents of the second battery as an example and set the control switch to an NMOS transistor for explanation.
NMOS晶体管212的漏极通过管脚通过均衡电阻402连接第2节电池的正极端，并且NMOS晶体管212的源极经由管脚连接第1节电池的正极端。NMOS晶体管212的栅极连接第二电阻222，并且在NMOS晶体管212的源极与第二电阻222之间连接有第一电阻232。这样电池出现不均衡情况时，将会从电池102的正极端、经由电阻23n、电阻232形成电流，电阻222和电阻232所形成的电压构成NMOS晶体管212的栅源电压，当该栅源电压大于阈值开启电压时，则NMOS晶体管212将会导通，这时将会有均衡电流从电阻402流经NMOS晶体管212，从而对电池102实施均衡。当没有电流流过时，NMOS晶体管212的栅源电压为零，则NMOS晶体管212断开，这时将不实施均衡控制。The drain of the NMOS transistor 212 is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery through the balancing resistor 402 via the pin, and the source of the NMOS transistor 212 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery via the pin. The gate of the NMOS transistor 212 is connected to the second resistor 222, and a first resistor 232 is connected between the source of the NMOS transistor 212 and the second resistor 222. In this way, when the battery is unbalanced, a current will be formed from the positive terminal of the battery 102, through the resistor 23n and the resistor 232. The voltage formed by the resistor 222 and the resistor 232 constitutes the gate-source voltage of the NMOS transistor 212. When the gate-source voltage is greater than the threshold turn-on voltage, the NMOS transistor 212 will be turned on, and a balancing current will flow from the resistor 402 through the NMOS transistor 212, thereby balancing the battery 102. When no current flows, the gate-source voltage of the NMOS transistor 212 is zero, and the NMOS transistor 212 is disconnected, and no balancing control will be implemented at this time.
此外，还包括i个第一二极管251、252、……、25n，i个第一二极管的第i个第一二极管的阳极连接至第i个控制开关的第一端，第i个第一二极管的阴极接地。例如二极管252的阳极连接控制开关212的漏极，阴极接地，用于保护控制开关212的漏极。In addition, i first diodes 251, 252, ..., 25n are included, and the anode of the i-th first diode of the i-th first diode is connected to the first end of the i-th control switch, and the cathode of the i-th first diode is grounded. For example, the anode of the diode 252 is connected to the drain of the control switch 212, and the cathode is grounded, so as to protect the drain of the control switch 212.
还包括i个第二二极管241、242、……24n，i个第二二极管的第i个第二二极管的阳极连接控制开关的第二端，第i个第二二极管的阴极连接控制开关的控制端。例如二极管242的阳极连接晶体管212的栅极，阴极连接晶体管212的源极，用于保护晶体管212的栅极氧化层。The device further comprises i second diodes 241, 242, ... 24n, wherein the anode of the i-th second diode of the i second diodes is connected to the second end of the control switch, and the cathode of the i-th second diode is connected to the control end of the control switch. For example, the anode of the diode 242 is connected to the gate of the transistor 212, and the cathode is connected to the source of the transistor 212, so as to protect the gate oxide layer of the transistor 212.
还包括i个第三二极管261、262、……、26n，i个第二三极管的第i个第二三极管的阳极连接第i+1个第一电阻的第二端，第i个第二三极管的阴极连接第i个第一电阻的第二端。例如，二极管262连接在电阻232和23n之间，用于对晶体管212进行保护。The device further includes i third diodes 261, 262, ..., 26n, wherein the anode of the i-th second triode of the i second triodes is connected to the second end of the i+1-th first resistor, and the cathode of the i-th second triode is connected to the second end of the i-th first resistor. For example, the diode 262 is connected between the resistors 232 and 23n to protect the transistor 212.
第二实施例与第一实施例的区别主要在于，在第二实施例中增加了N个第一开关311、312、……、31n。The main difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that N first switches 311, 312, ..., 31n are added in the second embodiment.
从第i个电池的正极端流向第i-1个电池的正极端的电流通过i个第一开关的第i个第一开关的导通与断开来进行控制，当第i个第一开关导通时，电流从第i个电池的正极端流向第i-1个电池的正极端。The current flowing from the positive terminal of the i-th battery to the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery is controlled by turning on and off the i-th first switch of the i-th first switches. When the i-th first switch is turned on, the current flows from the positive terminal of the i-th battery to the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery.
例如，在对第2节电池102进行均衡时，开关312导通，从而形成电流，晶体管212导通来实施均衡。For example, when balancing the second battery cell 102 , the switch 312 is turned on to form a current, and the transistor 212 is turned on to perform balancing.
如图2所示，第一开关311、312、……、31n可以集成在BMS芯片300中。As shown in FIG. 2 , the first switches 311 , 312 , . . . , 31 n may be integrated in the BMS chip 300 .
此外，该均衡芯片200与BMS芯片300通过管脚连接，例如可以通过BMS芯片300来测量每节电池的电压等。In addition, the balancing chip 200 is connected to the BMS chip 300 via pins. For example, the voltage of each battery cell can be measured via the BMS chip 300 .
<第三实施例><Third Embodiment>
图3示出了根据本公开的第三实施例的均衡芯片。串联电池组100包括N个串联的电池101、102、……、10n。Fig. 3 shows a balancing chip according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure. A series battery group 100 includes N batteries 101, 102, ..., 10n connected in series.
均衡芯片200包括：i个控制开关211、212、……21n，i个控制开关的第i个控制开关的第一端经由均衡电阻401、402、……、40n与第i个电池的正极端连接，第i个控制开关的第二端与第i-1个电池的正极端连接；以及i个第一电阻231、232、……、23n，i个第一电阻的第i个第一电阻的第一端与第i个控制开关的第二端连接，并且第i个第一电阻的第二端连接至第i个控制开关的控制端，第i个控制开关被控制为：当从第i个电池的正极端流向第i-1个电池的正极端的电流大于电流阈值时，基于第i个第一电阻产生的电压使得第i个控制开关被导通，从而电流流过第i个控制开关以便对第i个电池进行电流均衡，其中1＜i≤N。The balancing chip 200 includes: i control switches 211, 212, ... 21n, wherein a first end of an i-th control switch of the i control switches is connected to a positive terminal of an i-th battery via balancing resistors 401, 402, ... 40n, and a second end of the i-th control switch is connected to a positive terminal of an i-1-th battery; and i first resistors 231, 232, ... 23n, wherein a first end of an i-th first resistor of the i first resistors is connected to a second end of the i-th control switch, and a second end of the i-th first resistor is connected to a control terminal of the i-th control switch, and the i-th control switch is controlled such that when a current flowing from the positive terminal of the i-th battery to the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery is greater than a current threshold, the i-th control switch is turned on based on a voltage generated by the i-th first resistor, so that a current flows through the i-th control switch to balance the current of the i-th battery, wherein 1＜i≤N.
i个控制开关为NMOS晶体管，i个控制开关的第一端为漏极，i个控制开关的第二端为源极，i个控制开关的控制端为栅极；或者i个控制开关为三极管，i个控制开关的第一端为集电极，i个控制开关的第二端为发射极，i个控制开关的控制端为基极。The i control switches are NMOS transistors, the first ends of the i control switches are drains, the second ends of the i control switches are sources, and the control ends of the i control switches are gates; or the i control switches are triodes, the first ends of the i control switches are collectors, the second ends of the i control switches are emitters, and the control ends of the i control switches are bases.
下面将以第2节电池的内容为例并且设定控制开关为NMOS晶体管进行说明。The following will take the contents of the second battery as an example and set the control switch to an NMOS transistor for explanation.
NMOS晶体管212的漏极通过管脚通过均衡电阻402连接第2节电池的正极端，并且NMOS晶体管212的源极经由管脚连接第1节电池的正极端。NMOS晶体管212的栅极连接第二电阻222，并且在NMOS晶体管212的源极与第二电阻222之间连接有第一电阻232。这样电池出现不均衡情况时，将会从电池102的正极端、经由电阻23n、电阻232形成电流，电阻222和电阻232所形成的电压构成NMOS晶体管212的栅源电压，当该栅源电压大于阈值开启电压时，则NMOS晶体管212将会导通，这时将会有均衡电流从电阻402流经NMOS晶体管212，从而对电池102实施均衡。当没有电流流过时，NMOS晶体管212的栅源电压为零，则NMOS晶体管212断开，这时将不实施均衡控制。The drain of the NMOS transistor 212 is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery through the balancing resistor 402 via the pin, and the source of the NMOS transistor 212 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery via the pin. The gate of the NMOS transistor 212 is connected to the second resistor 222, and a first resistor 232 is connected between the source of the NMOS transistor 212 and the second resistor 222. In this way, when the battery is unbalanced, a current will be formed from the positive terminal of the battery 102, through the resistor 23n and the resistor 232. The voltage formed by the resistor 222 and the resistor 232 constitutes the gate-source voltage of the NMOS transistor 212. When the gate-source voltage is greater than the threshold turn-on voltage, the NMOS transistor 212 will be turned on, and a balancing current will flow from the resistor 402 through the NMOS transistor 212, thereby balancing the battery 102. When no current flows, the gate-source voltage of the NMOS transistor 212 is zero, and the NMOS transistor 212 is disconnected, and no balancing control will be implemented at this time.
此外，还包括i个第一二极管251、252、……、25n，i个第一二极管的第i个第一二极管的阳极连接至第i个控制开关的第一端，第i个第一二极管的阴极接地。例如二极管252的阳极连接控制开关212的漏极，阴极接地，用于保护控制开关212的漏极。In addition, i first diodes 251, 252, ..., 25n are included, and the anode of the i-th first diode of the i-th first diode is connected to the first end of the i-th control switch, and the cathode of the i-th first diode is grounded. For example, the anode of the diode 252 is connected to the drain of the control switch 212, and the cathode is grounded, so as to protect the drain of the control switch 212.
还包括i个第二二极管241、242、……24n，i个第二二极管的第i个第二二极管的阳极连接控制开关的第二端，第i个第二二极管的阴极连接控制开关的控制端。例如二极管242的阳极连接晶体管212的栅极，阴极连接晶体管212的源极，用于保护晶体管212的栅极氧化层。The device further comprises i second diodes 241, 242, ... 24n, wherein the anode of the i-th second diode of the i second diodes is connected to the second end of the control switch, and the cathode of the i-th second diode is connected to the control end of the control switch. For example, the anode of the diode 242 is connected to the gate of the transistor 212, and the cathode is connected to the source of the transistor 212, so as to protect the gate oxide layer of the transistor 212.
还包括i个第三二极管261、262、……、26n，i个第二三极管的第i个第二三极管的阳极连接第i+1个第一电阻的第二端，第i个第二三极管的阴极连接第i个第一电阻的第二端。例如，二极管262连接在电阻232和23n之间，用于对晶体管212进行保护。The device further includes i third diodes 261, 262, ..., 26n, wherein the anode of the i-th second triode of the i second triodes is connected to the second end of the i+1-th first resistor, and the cathode of the i-th second triode is connected to the second end of the i-th first resistor. For example, the diode 262 is connected between the resistors 232 and 23n to protect the transistor 212.
第三实施例与第二实施例的区别主要在于，N个第一开关311、312、……、31n集成在均衡芯片200中。The main difference between the third embodiment and the second embodiment is that the N first switches 311 , 312 , . . . , 31 n are integrated in the balancing chip 200 .
从第i个电池的正极端流向第i-1个电池的正极端的电流通过i个第一开关的第i个第一开关的导通与断开来进行控制，当第i个第一开关导通时，电流从第i个电池的正极端流向第i-1个电池的正极端。The current flowing from the positive terminal of the i-th battery to the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery is controlled by turning on and off the i-th first switch of the i-th first switches. When the i-th first switch is turned on, the current flows from the positive terminal of the i-th battery to the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery.
例如，在对第2节电池102进行均衡时，开关312导通，从而形成电流，晶体管212导通来实施均衡。For example, when balancing the second battery cell 102 , the switch 312 is turned on to form a current, and the transistor 212 is turned on to perform balancing.
此外，该均衡芯片200与BMS芯片300通过管脚连接，例如可以通过BMS芯片300来测量每节电池的电压等。In addition, the balancing chip 200 is connected to the BMS chip 300 via pins. For example, the voltage of each battery cell can be measured via the BMS chip 300 .
<第四实施例><Fourth Embodiment>
图4示出了根据本公开的第四实施例的均衡芯片。串联电池组100包括N个串联的电池101、102、……、10n。Fig. 4 shows a balancing chip according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure. A series battery pack 100 includes N batteries 101, 102, ..., 10n connected in series.
均衡芯片200包括：i个控制开关211、212、……21n，i个控制开关的第i个控制开关的第一端经由均衡电阻401、402、……、40n与第i个电池的正极端连接，第i个控制开关的第二端与第i-1个电池的正极端连接；以及i个第一电阻231、232、……、23n，i个第一电阻的第i个第一电阻的第一端与第i个控制开关的第二端连接，并且第i个第一电阻的第二端连接至第i个控制开关的控制端，第i个控制开关被控制为：当从第i个电池的正极端流向第i-1个电池的正极端的电流大于电流阈值时，基于第i个第一电阻产生的电压使得第i个控制开关被导通，从而电流流过第i个控制开关以便对第i个电池进行电流均衡，其中1＜i≤N。The balancing chip 200 includes: i control switches 211, 212, ... 21n, wherein a first end of an i-th control switch of the i control switches is connected to a positive terminal of an i-th battery via balancing resistors 401, 402, ... 40n, and a second end of the i-th control switch is connected to a positive terminal of an i-1-th battery; and i first resistors 231, 232, ... 23n, wherein a first end of an i-th first resistor of the i first resistors is connected to a second end of the i-th control switch, and a second end of the i-th first resistor is connected to a control terminal of the i-th control switch, and the i-th control switch is controlled such that when a current flowing from the positive terminal of the i-th battery to the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery is greater than a current threshold, the i-th control switch is turned on based on a voltage generated by the i-th first resistor, so that a current flows through the i-th control switch to balance the current of the i-th battery, wherein 1＜i≤N.
i个控制开关为NMOS晶体管，i个控制开关的第一端为漏极，i个控制开关的第二端为源极，i个控制开关的控制端为栅极；或者i个控制开关为三极管，i个控制开关的第一端为集电极，i个控制开关的第二端为发射极，i个控制开关的控制端为基极。The i control switches are NMOS transistors, the first ends of the i control switches are drains, the second ends of the i control switches are sources, and the control ends of the i control switches are gates; or the i control switches are triodes, the first ends of the i control switches are collectors, the second ends of the i control switches are emitters, and the control ends of the i control switches are bases.
下面将以第2节电池的内容为例并且设定控制开关为NMOS晶体管进行说明。The following will take the contents of the second battery as an example and set the control switch to an NMOS transistor for explanation.
NMOS晶体管212的漏极通过管脚通过均衡电阻402连接第2节电池的正极端，并且NMOS晶体管212的源极经由管脚连接第1节电池的正极端。NMOS晶体管212的栅极连接第二电阻222，并且在NMOS晶体管212的源极与第二电阻222之间连接有第一电阻232。这样电池出现不均衡情况时，将会从电池102的正极端、经由电阻23n、电阻232形成电流，电阻222和电阻232所形成的电压构成NMOS晶体管212的栅源电压，当该栅源电压大于阈值开启电压时，则NMOS晶体管212将会导通，这时将会有均衡电流从电阻402流经NMOS晶体管212，从而对电池102实施均衡。当没有电流流过时，NMOS晶体管212的栅源电压为零，则NMOS晶体管212断开，这时将不实施均衡控制。The drain of the NMOS transistor 212 is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery through the balancing resistor 402 via the pin, and the source of the NMOS transistor 212 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery via the pin. The gate of the NMOS transistor 212 is connected to the second resistor 222, and a first resistor 232 is connected between the source of the NMOS transistor 212 and the second resistor 222. In this way, when the battery is unbalanced, a current will be formed from the positive terminal of the battery 102, through the resistor 23n and the resistor 232. The voltage formed by the resistor 222 and the resistor 232 constitutes the gate-source voltage of the NMOS transistor 212. When the gate-source voltage is greater than the threshold turn-on voltage, the NMOS transistor 212 will be turned on, and a balancing current will flow from the resistor 402 through the NMOS transistor 212, thereby balancing the battery 102. When no current flows, the gate-source voltage of the NMOS transistor 212 is zero, and the NMOS transistor 212 is disconnected, and no balancing control will be implemented at this time.
此外，还包括i个第一二极管251、252、……、25n，i个第一二极管的第i个第一二极管的阳极连接至第i个控制开关的第一端，第i个第一二极管的阴极接地。例如二极管252的阳极连接控制开关212的漏极，阴极接地，用于保护控制开关212的漏极。In addition, i first diodes 251, 252, ..., 25n are included, and the anode of the i-th first diode of the i-th first diode is connected to the first end of the i-th control switch, and the cathode of the i-th first diode is grounded. For example, the anode of the diode 252 is connected to the drain of the control switch 212, and the cathode is grounded, so as to protect the drain of the control switch 212.
还包括i个第二二极管241、242、……24n，i个第二二极管的第i个第二二极管的阳极连接控制开关的第二端，第i个第二二极管的阴极连接控制开关的控制端。例如二极管242的阳极连接晶体管212的栅极，阴极连接晶体管212的源极，用于保护晶体管212的栅极氧化层。The device further comprises i second diodes 241, 242, ... 24n, wherein the anode of the i-th second diode of the i second diodes is connected to the second end of the control switch, and the cathode of the i-th second diode is connected to the control end of the control switch. For example, the anode of the diode 242 is connected to the gate of the transistor 212, and the cathode is connected to the source of the transistor 212, so as to protect the gate oxide layer of the transistor 212.
如图4所示，还包括i个电流控制电路，i个电流控制电路的第i个电流控制电路的第一端连接在第i+1个第一电阻的第二端，第i个电流控制电路的第二端连接在第i个第一电阻的第二端。基于第N个电池的正极端的电压和第i-1个电池的正极端的电压，来控制i个电流控制电路中的每个电流控制电路所生成的电流。当需要对第i个电池进行均衡控制时，则第i个电流控制电路进行工作。As shown in FIG4 , i current control circuits are also included, and the first end of the i-th current control circuit of the i current control circuits is connected to the second end of the i+1-th first resistor, and the second end of the i-th current control circuit is connected to the second end of the i-th first resistor. Based on the voltage of the positive terminal of the N-th battery and the voltage of the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery, the current generated by each current control circuit in the i current control circuits is controlled. When the i-th battery needs to be balanced, the i-th current control circuit works.
i个电流控制电路分别包括镜像电路及电流源2831、2832、……、283n，电流源基于第N个电池的正极端的电压生成电流，并且经由镜像电流生成流入第i个第一电阻的第二端的电流。镜像电路可以包括NMOS晶体管2811和2821、2812和2822、……、281n和282n。电流源均连接至第N节电池的最高电压。The i current control circuits include mirror circuits and current sources 2831, 2832, ..., 283n, respectively. The current source generates a current based on the voltage of the positive terminal of the Nth battery, and generates a current flowing into the second end of the i-th first resistor via the mirror current. The mirror circuit may include NMOS transistors 2811 and 2821, 2812 and 2822, ..., 281n and 282n. The current sources are all connected to the highest voltage of the Nth battery.
此外，在需要i个电流控制电路工作时，可以通过开关2841、2842、……、284n的导通来实现。In addition, when i current control circuits are required to work, this can be achieved by turning on switches 2841, 2842, ..., 284n.
例如以第2节电池102为例进行说明。开关2842导通，并且电流源2832基于最高电压生成第一电流，同样的在晶体管2812的源极侧生成同样的第一电流，这样将使得晶体管212导通，从而对第2节电池102实施均衡。For example, the second battery 102 is used as an example. The switch 2842 is turned on, and the current source 2832 generates a first current based on the highest voltage. Similarly, the same first current is generated at the source side of the transistor 2812 , which turns on the transistor 212 , thereby performing balancing on the second battery 102 .
此外，该均衡芯片200与BMS芯片300通过管脚连接，例如可以通过BMS芯片300来测量每节电池的电压等。In addition, the balancing chip 200 is connected to the BMS chip 300 via pins. For example, the voltage of each battery cell can be measured via the BMS chip 300 .
<第五实施例><Fifth Embodiment>
图5示出了根据本公开的第五实施例的均衡芯片。串联电池组100包括N个串联的电池101、102、……、10n。Fig. 5 shows a balancing chip according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure. A series battery group 100 includes N batteries 101, 102, ..., 10n connected in series.
均衡芯片200包括：i个控制开关211、212、……21n，i个控制开关的第i个控制开关的第一端经由均衡电阻401、402、……、40n与第i个电池的正极端连接，第i个控制开关的第二端与第i-1个电池的正极端连接；以及i个第一电阻231、232、……、23n，i个第一电阻的第i个第一电阻的第一端与第i个控制开关的第二端连接，并且第i个第一电阻的第二端连接至第i个控制开关的控制端，第i个控制开关被控制为：当从第i个电池的正极端流向第i-1个电池的正极端的电流大于电流阈值时，基于第i个第一电阻产生的电压使得第i个控制开关被导通，从而电流流过第i个控制开关以便对第i个电池进行电流均衡，其中1＜i≤N。The balancing chip 200 includes: i control switches 211, 212, ... 21n, wherein a first end of an i-th control switch of the i control switches is connected to a positive terminal of an i-th battery via balancing resistors 401, 402, ... 40n, and a second end of the i-th control switch is connected to a positive terminal of an i-1-th battery; and i first resistors 231, 232, ... 23n, wherein a first end of an i-th first resistor of the i first resistors is connected to a second end of the i-th control switch, and a second end of the i-th first resistor is connected to a control terminal of the i-th control switch, and the i-th control switch is controlled such that when a current flowing from the positive terminal of the i-th battery to the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery is greater than a current threshold, the i-th control switch is turned on based on a voltage generated by the i-th first resistor, so that a current flows through the i-th control switch to balance the current of the i-th battery, wherein 1＜i≤N.
i个控制开关为NMOS晶体管，i个控制开关的第一端为漏极，i个控制开关的第二端为源极，i个控制开关的控制端为栅极；或者i个控制开关为三极管，i个控制开关的第一端为集电极，i个控制开关的第二端为发射极，i个控制开关的控制端为基极。The i control switches are NMOS transistors, the first ends of the i control switches are drains, the second ends of the i control switches are sources, and the control ends of the i control switches are gates; or the i control switches are triodes, the first ends of the i control switches are collectors, the second ends of the i control switches are emitters, and the control ends of the i control switches are bases.
下面将以第2节电池的内容为例并且设定控制开关为NMOS晶体管进行说明。The following will take the contents of the second battery as an example and set the control switch to an NMOS transistor for explanation.
NMOS晶体管212的漏极通过管脚通过均衡电阻402连接第2节电池的正极端，并且NMOS晶体管212的源极经由管脚连接第1节电池的正极端。NMOS晶体管212的栅极连接第二电阻222，并且在NMOS晶体管212的源极与第二电阻222之间连接有第一电阻232。这样电池出现不均衡情况时，将会从电池102的正极端、经由电阻23n、电阻232形成电流，电阻222和电阻232所形成的电压构成NMOS晶体管212的栅源电压，当该栅源电压大于阈值开启电压时，则NMOS晶体管212将会导通，这时将会有均衡电流从电阻402流经NMOS晶体管212，从而对电池102实施均衡。当没有电流流过时，NMOS晶体管212的栅源电压为零，则NMOS晶体管212断开，这时将不实施均衡控制。The drain of the NMOS transistor 212 is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery through the balancing resistor 402 via the pin, and the source of the NMOS transistor 212 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery via the pin. The gate of the NMOS transistor 212 is connected to the second resistor 222, and a first resistor 232 is connected between the source of the NMOS transistor 212 and the second resistor 222. In this way, when the battery is unbalanced, a current will be formed from the positive terminal of the battery 102, through the resistor 23n and the resistor 232. The voltage formed by the resistor 222 and the resistor 232 constitutes the gate-source voltage of the NMOS transistor 212. When the gate-source voltage is greater than the threshold turn-on voltage, the NMOS transistor 212 will be turned on, and a balancing current will flow from the resistor 402 through the NMOS transistor 212, thereby balancing the battery 102. When no current flows, the gate-source voltage of the NMOS transistor 212 is zero, and the NMOS transistor 212 is disconnected, and no balancing control will be implemented at this time.
此外，还包括i个第一二极管251、252、……、25n，i个第一二极管的第i个第一二极管的阳极连接至第i个控制开关的第一端，第i个第一二极管的阴极接地。例如二极管252的阳极连接控制开关212的漏极，阴极接地，用于保护控制开关212的漏极。In addition, i first diodes 251, 252, ..., 25n are included, and the anode of the i-th first diode of the i-th first diode is connected to the first end of the i-th control switch, and the cathode of the i-th first diode is grounded. For example, the anode of the diode 252 is connected to the drain of the control switch 212, and the cathode is grounded, so as to protect the drain of the control switch 212.
还包括i个第二二极管241、242、……24n，i个第二二极管的第i个第二二极管的阳极连接控制开关的第二端，第i个第二二极管的阴极连接控制开关的控制端。例如二极管242的阳极连接晶体管212的栅极，阴极连接晶体管212的源极，用于保护晶体管212的栅极氧化层。The device further comprises i second diodes 241, 242, ... 24n, wherein the anode of the i-th second diode of the i second diodes is connected to the second end of the control switch, and the cathode of the i-th second diode is connected to the control end of the control switch. For example, the anode of the diode 242 is connected to the gate of the transistor 212, and the cathode is connected to the source of the transistor 212, so as to protect the gate oxide layer of the transistor 212.
如图5所示，还包括i个电流控制电路，i个电流控制电路的第i个电流控制电路的第一端连接在第i+1个第一电阻的第二端，第i个电流控制电路的第二端连接在第i个第一电阻的第二端。基于第i个电池的正极端的电压和第i-1个电池的正极端的电压，来控制i个电流控制电路中的每个电流控制电路所生成的电流。当需要对第i个电池进行均衡控制时，则第i个电流控制电路进行工作。As shown in FIG5 , i current control circuits are also included, and the first end of the i-th current control circuit of the i current control circuits is connected to the second end of the i+1-th first resistor, and the second end of the i-th current control circuit is connected to the second end of the i-th first resistor. Based on the voltage of the positive terminal of the i-th battery and the voltage of the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery, the current generated by each current control circuit in the i current control circuits is controlled. When the i-th battery needs to be balanced, the i-th current control circuit works.
i个电流控制电路分别包括镜像电路及电流源2831、2832、……、283n，电流源基于第i个电池的正极端的电压和第i-1个电池的正极端的电压生成电流，并且经由镜像电流生成流入第i个第一电阻的第二端的电流。镜像电路可以包括NMOS晶体管2811和2821、2812和2822、……、281n和282n。The i current control circuits include mirror circuits and current sources 2831, 2832, ..., 283n, respectively, the current source generates a current based on the voltage of the positive terminal of the i-th battery and the voltage of the positive terminal of the i-1-th battery, and generates a current flowing into the second end of the i-th first resistor via the mirror current. The mirror circuit may include NMOS transistors 2811 and 2821, 2812 and 2822, ..., 281n and 282n.
此外，在需要i个电流控制电路工作时，可以通过开关2841、2842、……、284n的导通来实现。In addition, when i current control circuits are required to work, this can be achieved by turning on switches 2841, 2842, ..., 284n.
例如以第2节电池102为例进行说明。开关2842导通，并且电流源2832基于第2节电池的正极电压生成第一电流，同样的在晶体管2812的源极侧生成同样的第一电流，这样将使得晶体管212导通，从而对第2节电池102实施均衡。For example, the second battery 102 is used as an example. The switch 2842 is turned on, and the current source 2832 generates a first current based on the positive voltage of the second battery. Similarly, the same first current is generated on the source side of the transistor 2812, which turns on the transistor 212, thereby balancing the second battery 102.
该实施例与图4所示的实施例的区别在于，第i节电池所用的每个电流源均是基于第i节电池本身的正极端电压，这样避免使用最高电压所带来的电池不均衡因素的影响。因为最高电压是各个电池的总电压，其势必会包含电池的不均衡信息。The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIG4 is that each current source used by the i-th battery is based on the positive terminal voltage of the i-th battery itself, thus avoiding the influence of the battery imbalance factor caused by using the highest voltage. Because the highest voltage is the total voltage of each battery, it will inevitably contain the battery imbalance information.
此外，该均衡芯片200与BMS芯片300通过管脚连接，例如可以通过BMS芯片300来测量每节电池的电压等。In addition, the balancing chip 200 is connected to the BMS chip 300 via pins. For example, the voltage of each battery cell can be measured via the BMS chip 300 .
在本公开中，通过使用相邻两节电池的正极端的电压来实现均衡化控制，从而可以取得更好的均衡化效果，而且可以不受到其他节电池的电流的干扰。在本公开中，通过将均衡电路集成至半导体芯片中，从而可以实现小型化集成化。In the present disclosure, by using the voltage of the positive terminals of two adjacent battery cells to achieve balancing control, a better balancing effect can be achieved without being disturbed by the current of other battery cells. In the present disclosure, by integrating the balancing circuit into a semiconductor chip, miniaturization and integration can be achieved.
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例/方式”、“一些实施例/方式”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例/方式或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例/方式或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例/方式或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例/方式或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例/方式或示例以及不同实施例/方式或示例的特征进行结合和组合。In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment/method", "some embodiments/methods", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment/method or example are included in at least one embodiment/method or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment/method or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments/methods or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments/methods or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments/methods or examples, unless they are contradictory.
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
本领域的技术人员应当理解，上述实施方式仅仅是为了清楚地说明本公开，而并非是对本公开的范围进行限定。对于所属领域的技术人员而言，在上述公开的基础上还可以做出其它变化或变型，并且这些变化或变型仍处于本公开的范围内。Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are only for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present disclosure, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other changes or modifications may be made based on the above disclosure, and these changes or modifications are still within the scope of the present disclosure.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110135445.0ACN112751393B (en) | 2021-02-01 | 2021-02-01 | Balancing chip of series battery pack and battery management system |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110135445.0ACN112751393B (en) | 2021-02-01 | 2021-02-01 | Balancing chip of series battery pack and battery management system |
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| CN112751393A CN112751393A (en) | 2021-05-04 |
| CN112751393Btrue CN112751393B (en) | 2024-05-31 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110135445.0AActiveCN112751393B (en) | 2021-02-01 | 2021-02-01 | Balancing chip of series battery pack and battery management system |
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| CP03 | Change of name, title or address | Address after:Room 1006, 1007, Building 7, Hongshan Phase 69792, Hongshan Community, Minzhi Street, Longhua District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province 518131 Patentee after:Shenzhen Maiju Microelectronics Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region after:China Address before:Room 24, 1 / F, Tangjiawan Road, Gaoxin District, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province Patentee before:Zhuhai Meiju Microelectronics Co.,Ltd. Country or region before:China |