技术领域Technical Field
本公开涉及充电技术领域，尤其涉及一种充电控制方法、充电控制装置、计算机可读存储介质与电子设备。The present disclosure relates to the field of charging technology, and in particular to a charging control method, a charging control device, a computer-readable storage medium, and an electronic device.
背景技术Background technique
在日常生活中，电池作为移动终端能量供给的载体，运行移动终端中多样化功能的基础，其发展受到了人们的广泛关注。为了提高电池的续航能力，给用户提供良好的使用体验，对电池进行快速充电是非常重要的问题。In daily life, batteries are the carrier of energy supply for mobile terminals and the basis for running various functions in mobile terminals. Their development has attracted widespread attention. In order to improve the battery life and provide users with a good user experience, fast charging of batteries is a very important issue.
现有技术中，常见的电池充电方式包括CCCV(Constant-current constant-voltage，恒流恒压)以及分段恒流充电等，其中，均含有恒流充电的阶段。在实际应用中，随着电池使用时间的增加，电池通常会出现老化的现象，使得电池的内阻增大。此时，由于电池状态发生改变，无论采用哪一种充电方式，都难以按照预设的快速充电方式进行充电，导致电池整体充电时间的增加，影响用户对快速充电的使用体验。In the prior art, common battery charging methods include CCCV (Constant-current constant-voltage) and segmented constant current charging, all of which contain a constant current charging stage. In actual applications, as the battery is used for a longer time, the battery usually ages, causing the internal resistance of the battery to increase. At this time, due to the change in the battery state, no matter which charging method is used, it is difficult to charge according to the preset fast charging method, resulting in an increase in the overall charging time of the battery, affecting the user's experience of fast charging.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本公开提供了一种充电控制方法、充电控制装置、计算机可读存储介质与电子设备，进而至少在一定程度上提高现有技术的充电效率，减少充电时间。The present disclosure provides a charging control method, a charging control device, a computer-readable storage medium and an electronic device, thereby improving the charging efficiency of the prior art at least to a certain extent and reducing the charging time.
本公开的其他特性和优点将通过下面的详细描述变得显然，或部分地通过本公开的实践而习得。Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part by the practice of the present disclosure.
根据本公开的第一方面，提供一种充电控制方法，包括：确定电池在当前充电阶段内的实际内阻值；根据所述电池的参考内阻值与所述实际内阻值，更新所述当前充电阶段的截止电压；当所述电池的电压达到所述截止电压时，确定进入下一充电阶段。According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a charging control method is provided, comprising: determining an actual internal resistance value of a battery in a current charging stage; updating a cutoff voltage of the current charging stage according to a reference internal resistance value of the battery and the actual internal resistance value; and determining to enter the next charging stage when the voltage of the battery reaches the cutoff voltage.
根据本公开的第二方面，提供一种充电控制装置，包括：实际内阻值确定模块，用于确定电池在当前充电阶段内的实际内阻值；截止电压更新模块，用于根据所述电池的参考内阻值与所述实际内阻值，更新所述当前充电阶段的截止电压；充电阶段确定模块，用于当所述电池的电压达到所述截止电压时，确定进入下一充电阶段。According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a charging control device is provided, comprising: an actual internal resistance value determination module, used to determine the actual internal resistance value of a battery in a current charging stage; a cutoff voltage update module, used to update the cutoff voltage of the current charging stage according to a reference internal resistance value of the battery and the actual internal resistance value; and a charging stage determination module, used to determine to enter the next charging stage when the voltage of the battery reaches the cutoff voltage.
根据本公开的第三方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述第一方面的充电控制方法及其可能的实现方式。According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the charging control method of the first aspect and possible implementation methods thereof are implemented.
根据本公开的第四方面，提供一种电子设备，包括：处理器；存储器，用于存储所述处理器的可执行指令。其中，所述处理器配置为经由执行所述可执行指令，来执行上述第一方面的充电控制方法及其可能的实现方式。According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor, wherein the processor is configured to execute the charging control method of the first aspect and possible implementation thereof by executing the executable instructions.
本公开的技术方案具有以下有益效果：The technical solution disclosed in this disclosure has the following beneficial effects:
确定电池在当前充电阶段内的实际内阻值；根据电池的参考内阻值与实际内阻值，更新当前充电阶段的截止电压；当电池的电压达到截止电压时，确定进入下一充电阶段。一方面，本示例性实施例提出一种新的充电控制方法，从充电过程中电池内阻会发生变化的角度考虑，基于实际内阻值和参考内阻值更新截止电压，使电池的充电策略能够根据电池内阻的变化及时进行适应性调整，具有较高的灵活性；另一方面，电池内阻增加时往往会产生浮压，延长整体的充电时间，本示例性实施例可以通过内阻变化更新截止电压，更新后的截止电压对产生的浮压进行补偿，使得电池能够进行快速准确的充电过程，从而使其具有较高的充电效率；再一方面，本示例性实施例的充电控制方法流程简单，硬件成本较低，且能够对电池的充电过程进行较好的控制，具有广泛的应用场景。Determine the actual internal resistance value of the battery in the current charging stage; update the cutoff voltage of the current charging stage according to the reference internal resistance value and the actual internal resistance value of the battery; when the voltage of the battery reaches the cutoff voltage, determine to enter the next charging stage. On the one hand, this exemplary embodiment proposes a new charging control method. Considering that the internal resistance of the battery will change during the charging process, the cutoff voltage is updated based on the actual internal resistance value and the reference internal resistance value, so that the charging strategy of the battery can be adaptively adjusted in time according to the change of the internal resistance of the battery, and has high flexibility; on the other hand, when the internal resistance of the battery increases, floating pressure will often be generated, which will extend the overall charging time. This exemplary embodiment can update the cutoff voltage through the change of the internal resistance, and the updated cutoff voltage compensates for the generated floating pressure, so that the battery can be charged quickly and accurately, so that it has a higher charging efficiency; on the other hand, the charging control method of this exemplary embodiment has a simple process, low hardware cost, and can better control the charging process of the battery, and has a wide range of application scenarios.
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能限制本公开。It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本公开的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the specification are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without creative work.
图1示出本示例性实施方式中一种系统架构的示意图；FIG1 is a schematic diagram showing a system architecture in this exemplary embodiment;
图2示出本示例性实施方式中一种电子设备的结构图；FIG2 shows a structural diagram of an electronic device in this exemplary embodiment;
图3示出本示例性实施方式中一种充电控制方法的流程图；FIG3 shows a flow chart of a charging control method in this exemplary embodiment;
图4示出本示例性实施方式中一种充电控制方法的子流程图；FIG4 shows a sub-flow chart of a charging control method in this exemplary embodiment;
图5示出本示例性实施方式中另一种充电控制方法的子流程图；FIG5 shows a sub-flow chart of another charging control method in this exemplary embodiment;
图6示出本示例性实施方式中一种充电控制装置的结构图。FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a charging control device according to the present exemplary embodiment.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的范例；相反，提供这些实施方式使得本公开将更加全面和完整，并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。所描述的特征、结构或特性可以以任何合适的方式结合在一个或更多实施方式中。在下面的描述中，提供许多具体细节从而给出对本公开的实施方式的充分理解。然而，本领域技术人员将意识到，可以实践本公开的技术方案而省略特定细节中的一个或更多，或者可以采用其它的方法、组元、装置、步骤等。在其它情况下，不详细示出或描述公知技术方案以避免喧宾夺主而使得本公开的各方面变得模糊。Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as being limited to the examples set forth herein; on the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be more comprehensive and complete, and the concepts of the example embodiments are fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. In the following description, many specific details are provided to provide a full understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions of the present disclosure may be practiced while omitting one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, devices, steps, etc. may be adopted. In other cases, known technical solutions are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring various aspects of the present disclosure.
此外，附图仅为本公开的示意性图解，并非一定是按比例绘制。图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的部分，因而将省略对它们的重复描述。附图中所示的一些方框图是功能实体，不一定必须与物理或逻辑上独立的实体相对应。可以采用软件形式来实现这些功能实体，或在一个或多个硬件模块或集成电路中实现这些功能实体，或在不同网络和/或处理器装置和/或微控制器装置中实现这些功能实体。In addition, the accompanying drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar parts, and thus their repeated description will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. These functional entities can be implemented in software form, or implemented in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or implemented in different networks and/or processor devices and/or microcontroller devices.
CCCV充电方式，是指先以某一充电电流充电到截止电压后，再以截止电压恒定充电到截止电流，完成充电过程。比如以1C(电池充放电能力倍率)的电流，即1倍率电池容量的电流，假设电池容量为3000mAh(毫安时)，则电流为3A(安)，充到截止电压比如4.2V(伏)，再以4.2V恒压充电直到电流降低到截止电流，比如0.02C，即电池容量为3000mAh，截止电流为60mA。The CCCV charging method means that the battery is first charged to the cut-off voltage with a certain charging current, and then charged to the cut-off current with a constant cut-off voltage to complete the charging process. For example, with a current of 1C (battery charge and discharge capacity rate), that is, a current of 1 times the battery capacity, assuming that the battery capacity is 3000mAh (milliampere-hour), the current is 3A (ampere), and the battery is charged to a cut-off voltage of, for example, 4.2V (volt), and then charged at a constant voltage of 4.2V until the current drops to the cut-off current, for example, 0.02C, that is, the battery capacity is 3000mAh, and the cut-off current is 60mA.
分段恒流的充电方式是指，根据电池的状态信息不断调整充电电流进行充电的方式，例如先以I1进行恒流充电到t1时刻，然后再I2恒流充电t2时刻，以I3在恒流充电t3时刻等。其中，可能会在初始充电阶段以超过额定倍率的电流进行充电，如假设电池的额定电流为3C，刚开始t0到t1时间内的电流为3.5C，可以最大化充电速度。随着充电时间的增加，恒流充电的电流逐渐减小，而电流减小的原因需要考虑多种因素，如充电过程中电池的发热状态的等，而最终的截止电流也是根据出厂时的容量充满作为界限。The segmented constant current charging method refers to a charging method that continuously adjusts the charging current according to the battery status information, such as first charging with constant currentI1 to timet1 , then charging with constant currentI2 to timet2 , and charging with constant currentI3 to timet3 , etc. Among them, it may be charged with a current exceeding the rated rate in the initial charging stage. For example, assuming that the rated current of the battery is 3C, the current fromt0 tot1 is 3.5C at the beginning, which can maximize the charging speed. As the charging time increases, the current of constant current charging gradually decreases, and the reason for the current reduction needs to consider multiple factors, such as the heating state of the battery during the charging process, etc., and the final cut-off current is also based on the full capacity at the factory as the limit.
无论是采用上述CCCV还是分段恒流的充电方式，都需要进行采用某一电流充电到某额定电压，然后再以该电压进行充电的过程。但是，当电池出现老化现象后，采用上述方式却难以实现初始预设的快速充电过程。具体而言，当电池出现老化现象后，由于正负极材料结构的变化、电解液减少或副反应产生的副产物等因素，电池内阻增加，此时，由内阻产生的浮压也会随之增大。其中，浮压是指，电流通过电池时电池的电压与采集的电压不一致时，二者之间的电压差，即浮压＝测试电压-电池的开路电压。Whether the above-mentioned CCCV or segmented constant current charging method is used, it is necessary to use a certain current to charge to a certain rated voltage, and then charge at this voltage. However, when the battery ages, it is difficult to achieve the initial preset fast charging process using the above method. Specifically, when the battery ages, the internal resistance of the battery increases due to factors such as changes in the structure of the positive and negative electrode materials, reduction in electrolyte, or by-products produced by side reactions. At this time, the floating pressure generated by the internal resistance will also increase. Among them, the floating pressure refers to the voltage difference between the battery voltage and the collected voltage when the current passes through the battery, that is, the floating pressure = test voltage - the open circuit voltage of the battery.
举例说明，对一电池，可以先采用4A的大电流进行恒流充电，充到电压变为4.2V时，跳转到3A的小电流进行充电。对于电池内阻值为30mΩ(毫欧)的新电池来说，此时，电池在该电流下进行充电时，产生的浮压为V’＝4*0.03＝0.12V，电池的开路电压为4.2-0.12＝4.08V。但是当电池发生老化后，内阻增加到60mΩ，浮压值变为0.24V，开路电压值变为3.96V。此时，跳转到3A进行充电的条件，由4.08V降至3.96V，由此缩短了大电流4A的充电时间，同时还增加了小电流3A充电时间。此外，电池内阻增大后，由大电流产生的浮压值会更大，所以大电流充电缩短的时间会更多，从而导致电池整体充电时间增加。For example, for a battery, a large current of 4A can be used for constant current charging. When the voltage becomes 4.2V, it can be charged with a small current of 3A. For a new battery with an internal resistance of 30mΩ (milliohm), when the battery is charged at this current, the floating voltage generated is V'=4*0.03=0.12V, and the open circuit voltage of the battery is 4.2-0.12=4.08V. However, when the battery ages, the internal resistance increases to 60mΩ, the floating voltage value becomes 0.24V, and the open circuit voltage value becomes 3.96V. At this time, the condition for jumping to 3A charging drops from 4.08V to 3.96V, thereby shortening the charging time of the large current of 4A and increasing the charging time of the small current of 3A. In addition, after the internal resistance of the battery increases, the floating voltage value generated by the large current will be larger, so the time shortened by the large current charging will be more, resulting in an increase in the overall charging time of the battery.
同样，对于传统的CCCV充电模式而言，在恒流阶段当电池老化内阻增加，产生的浮压值增大时，会导致提前进入恒压阶段，这样会导致原本恒压充电阶段的时间变长，充电时间增加。Similarly, for the traditional CCCV charging mode, when the battery ages and the internal resistance increases during the constant current stage, the generated floating pressure value increases, which will cause the constant voltage stage to be entered early, which will cause the original constant voltage charging stage to be longer and the charging time to increase.
鉴于上述问题，本示例性实施例提出一种充电控制方法，能够根据电池老师老化情况自动调整电池的充电策略，以进行快速有效的充电过程。图1示出了本示例性实施方式运行环境的系统架构图。如图1所示，该系统架构100可以包括移动终端110和服务器120，两者之间通过网络形成通信交互，例如服务器120将电压数据返回至移动终端110，移动终端110基于该电压数据更新当前充电阶段的截止电压。其中，服务器120是指提供互联网服务的后台服务器；移动终端110是指配置有电池，具有电池充电需求的电子设备，包括但不限于智能手机、平板电脑、游戏机、可穿戴设备等。In view of the above problems, this exemplary embodiment proposes a charging control method that can automatically adjust the charging strategy of the battery according to the aging of the battery teacher to perform a fast and efficient charging process. Figure 1 shows a system architecture diagram of the operating environment of this exemplary embodiment. As shown in Figure 1, the system architecture 100 may include a mobile terminal 110 and a server 120, and the two form a communication interaction through a network. For example, the server 120 returns voltage data to the mobile terminal 110, and the mobile terminal 110 updates the cut-off voltage of the current charging stage based on the voltage data. Among them, the server 120 refers to a background server that provides Internet services; the mobile terminal 110 refers to an electronic device equipped with a battery and having a battery charging demand, including but not limited to smart phones, tablets, game consoles, wearable devices, etc.
应当理解，图1中各装置的数量仅是示例性的。根据实现需要，可以设置任意数量的移动终端，或者服务器也可以是多台服务器形成的集群。It should be understood that the number of devices in Figure 1 is only exemplary. According to implementation requirements, any number of mobile terminals can be set, or the server can also be a cluster formed by multiple servers.
本公开实施方式所提供的充电控制方法可以由移动终端110执行，例如在移动终端110内，根据电池的参考内阻值和实际内阻值，更新当前充电阶段的截止电压，并基于该截止电压进行充电过程；也可以由服务器120执行，例如由服务器120根据电池的使用状态确定移动终端110内电池的实际内阻值，并根据参考内阻值和实际内阻值，确定截止电压返回移动终端110，使移动终端110根据该截止电压进行充电过程等，本公开对此不做具体限定。The charging control method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure may be executed by the mobile terminal 110, for example, in the mobile terminal 110, the cut-off voltage of the current charging stage is updated according to the reference internal resistance value and the actual internal resistance value of the battery, and the charging process is performed based on the cut-off voltage; it may also be executed by the server 120, for example, the server 120 determines the actual internal resistance value of the battery in the mobile terminal 110 according to the usage status of the battery, and determines the cut-off voltage based on the reference internal resistance value and the actual internal resistance value and returns it to the mobile terminal 110, so that the mobile terminal 110 performs the charging process according to the cut-off voltage, etc. The present disclosure does not make any specific limitations on this.
本公开的示例性实施方式还提供一种电子设备，用于执行上述充电控制方法。该电子设备可以是上述移动终端110或服务器120。一般的，电子设备包括处理器和存储器。存储器用于存储处理器的可执行指令，也可以存储应用数据；处理器配置为经由执行可执行指令来执行本示例性实施方式中的充电控制方法。The exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an electronic device for executing the above-mentioned charging control method. The electronic device may be the above-mentioned mobile terminal 110 or server 120. Generally, the electronic device includes a processor and a memory. The memory is used to store executable instructions of the processor and may also store application data; the processor is configured to execute the charging control method in this exemplary embodiment by executing executable instructions.
下面以图2中的移动终端200为例，对上述电子设备的构造进行示例性说明。本领域技术人员应当理解，除了特别用于移动目的的部件之外，图2中的构造也能够应用于固定类型的设备。The following is an illustrative description of the structure of the electronic device using the mobile terminal 200 in Figure 2 as an example. Those skilled in the art should understand that, in addition to the components specifically used for mobile purposes, the structure in Figure 2 can also be applied to fixed type devices.
如图2所示，移动终端200具体可以包括：处理器210、内部存储器221、外部存储器接口222、USB(Universal Serial Bus，通用串行总线)接口230、充电管理模块240、电源管理模块241、电池242、天线1、天线2、移动通信模块250、无线通信模块260、音频模块270、扬声器271、受话器272、麦克风273、耳机接口274、传感器模块280、显示屏290、摄像模组291、指示器292、马达293、按键294以及SIM(Subscriber Identification Module，用户标识模块)卡接口295等。As shown in Figure 2, the mobile terminal 200 may specifically include: a processor 210, an internal memory 221, an external memory interface 222, a USB (Universal Serial Bus) interface 230, a charging management module 240, a power management module 241, a battery 242, an antenna 1, an antenna 2, a mobile communication module 250, a wireless communication module 260, an audio module 270, a speaker 271, a receiver 272, a microphone 273, an earphone interface 274, a sensor module 280, a display screen 290, a camera module 291, an indicator 292, a motor 293, a button 294 and a SIM (Subscriber Identification Module) card interface 295, etc.
处理器210可以包括一个或多个处理单元，例如：处理器210可以包括AP(Application Processor，应用处理器)、调制解调处理器、GPU(Graphics ProcessingUnit，图形处理器)、ISP(Image Signal Processor，图像信号处理器)、控制器、编码器、解码器、DSP(Digital Signal Processor，数字信号处理器)、基带处理器和/或NPU(Neural-Network Processing Unit，神经网络处理器)等。编码器可以对图像或视频数据进行编码(即压缩)；解码器可以对图像或视频的码流数据进行解码(即解压缩)，以还原出图像或视频数据。The processor 210 may include one or more processing units, for example, the processor 210 may include an AP (Application Processor), a modem processor, a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), an ISP (Image Signal Processor), a controller, an encoder, a decoder, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), a baseband processor and/or an NPU (Neural-Network Processing Unit), etc. The encoder may encode (i.e., compress) the image or video data; the decoder may decode (i.e., decompress) the bitstream data of the image or video to restore the image or video data.
在一些实施方式中，处理器210可以包括一个或多个接口，通过不同的接口和移动终端200的其他部件形成连接。In some implementations, the processor 210 may include one or more interfaces, and may be connected to other components of the mobile terminal 200 via different interfaces.
内部存储器221可以用于存储计算机可执行程序代码，可执行程序代码包括指令。内部存储器221可以包括易失性存储器、非易失性存储器等。处理器210通过运行存储在内部存储器221的指令和/或存储在设置于处理器中的存储器的指令，执行移动终端200的各种功能应用以及数据处理。The internal memory 221 may be used to store computer executable program codes, which may include instructions. The internal memory 221 may include volatile memory, non-volatile memory, etc. The processor 210 executes various functional applications and data processing of the mobile terminal 200 by running instructions stored in the internal memory 221 and/or instructions stored in a memory provided in the processor.
外部存储器接口222可以用于连接外部存储器，例如Micro SD卡，实现扩展移动终端200的存储能力。外部存储器通过外部存储器接口222与处理器210通信，实现数据存储功能，例如存储音乐，视频等文件。The external memory interface 222 can be used to connect an external memory, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the mobile terminal 200. The external memory communicates with the processor 210 through the external memory interface 222 to implement a data storage function, such as storing music, video and other files.
USB接口230是符合USB标准规范的接口，可以用于连接充电器为移动终端200充电，也可以连接耳机或其他电子设备。The USB interface 230 is an interface that complies with USB standard specifications and can be used to connect a charger to charge the mobile terminal 200, or to connect headphones or other electronic devices.
充电管理模块240用于从充电器接收充电输入。充电管理模块240为电池242充电的同时，还可以通过电源管理模块241为设备供电；电源管理模块241还可以监测电池的状态，例如监测电池的内阻变化或温度变化等。The charging management module 240 is used to receive charging input from the charger. While charging the battery 242, the charging management module 240 can also power the device through the power management module 241; the power management module 241 can also monitor the status of the battery, such as monitoring the change in the internal resistance or temperature of the battery.
移动终端200的无线通信功能可以通过天线1、天线2、移动通信模块250、无线通信模块260、调制解调处理器以及基带处理器等实现。天线1和天线2用于发射和接收电磁波信号。移动通信模块250可以提供应用在移动终端200上的包括2G/3G/4G/5G等无线通信的解决方案。无线通信模块260可以提供应用在移动终端200上的包括WLAN(Wireless LocalArea Networks，无线局域网)(如Wi-Fi(Wireless Fidelity，无线保真)网络)、BT(Bluetooth，蓝牙)、GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System，全球导航卫星系统)、FM(Frequency Modulation，调频)、NFC(Near Field Communication，近距离无线通信技术)、IR(Infrared，红外技术)等无线通信解决方案。The wireless communication function of the mobile terminal 200 can be implemented by antenna 1, antenna 2, mobile communication module 250, wireless communication module 260, modulation and demodulation processor and baseband processor. Antenna 1 and antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals. The mobile communication module 250 can provide solutions for wireless communications including 2G/3G/4G/5G applied to the mobile terminal 200. The wireless communication module 260 can provide wireless communication solutions including WLAN (Wireless Local Area Networks) (such as Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) network), BT (Bluetooth), GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), FM (Frequency Modulation), NFC (Near Field Communication), IR (Infrared) and the like applied to the mobile terminal 200.
移动终端200可以通过GPU、显示屏290及AP等实现显示功能，显示用户界面。移动终端200可以通过ISP、摄像模组291、编码器、解码器、GPU、显示屏290及AP等实现拍摄功能，还可以通过音频模块270、扬声器271、受话器272、麦克风273、耳机接口274及AP等实现音频功能。The mobile terminal 200 can realize the display function and display the user interface through the GPU, the display screen 290 and the AP, etc. The mobile terminal 200 can realize the shooting function through the ISP, the camera module 291, the encoder, the decoder, the GPU, the display screen 290 and the AP, etc., and can also realize the audio function through the audio module 270, the speaker 271, the receiver 272, the microphone 273, the headphone interface 274 and the AP, etc.
传感器模块280可以包括深度传感器2801、压力传感器2802、陀螺仪传感器2803、气压传感器2804等，以实现不同的感应检测功能。The sensor module 280 may include a depth sensor 2801 , a pressure sensor 2802 , a gyroscope sensor 2803 , an air pressure sensor 2804 , etc., to implement different sensing detection functions.
指示器292可以是指示灯，可以用于指示充电状态，电量变化，也可以用于指示消息，未接来电，通知等。马达293可以产生振动提示，也可以用于触摸振动反馈等。按键294包括开机键，音量键等。Indicator 292 may be an indicator light, which may be used to indicate charging status, power changes, messages, missed calls, notifications, etc. Motor 293 may generate vibration prompts, and may also be used for touch vibration feedback, etc. Buttons 294 include a power button, a volume button, etc.
移动终端200可以支持一个或多个SIM卡接口295，用于连接SIM卡，以实现通话以及数据通信等功能。The mobile terminal 200 may support one or more SIM card interfaces 295 for connecting to a SIM card to implement functions such as calls and data communications.
图3示出了充电控制方法的示例性流程，包括以下步骤S310至S330：FIG3 shows an exemplary process of a charging control method, including the following steps S310 to S330:
步骤S310，确定电池在当前充电阶段内的实际内阻值。Step S310, determining the actual internal resistance value of the battery in the current charging stage.
电池在工作时，电流流过电池内部会受到一定的阻力，即电池内阻。随着电池工作时间的增加，由于电池正负极材料结构的变化、电解液变化或者反应时产生副产物等因素的影响，电池的内阻会发生变化，例如随着电池使用时间的增加，内部电解液减少，电池的内阻增大。When the battery is working, the current flowing through the battery will encounter a certain resistance, which is the internal resistance of the battery. As the battery works longer, the internal resistance of the battery will change due to changes in the structure of the positive and negative electrode materials, changes in the electrolyte, or by-products produced during the reaction. For example, as the battery is used longer, the internal electrolyte decreases and the internal resistance of the battery increases.
当前充电阶段可以是指以恒定电流或者在小幅度范围内变化的电流，进行充电的阶段，例如采用3.0A的电流进行恒流充电的阶段，或者采用2.5A～3.0A范围内的小幅度波动电流进行充电的阶段等。实际内阻值是指考虑到上述影响因素时，电池在当前充电阶段内的内阻值，例如电池在进行N次充放电过程后，再次进行充电时，当前恒流充电阶段内的电池的内阻值。在本示例性实施例中，电池的实际内阻值可以通过配置额外的内阻测量装置进行测量得到；也可以基于测量到的电池状态变化的数据计算得到，例如根据电池的温升数据和原始内阻值等建立方程求解，得到实际内阻值；再或者根据预设的电池状态变化与内阻的关系查表得到等，例如预先建立温升数据与电池内阻值的对应关系，通过查找与当前温升数据对应的内阻值作为当前充电阶段内的实际内阻值等，本公开对此不做具体限定。The current charging stage may refer to a stage of charging with a constant current or a current that varies within a small range, such as a stage of constant current charging with a current of 3.0A, or a stage of charging with a small fluctuation current within a range of 2.5A to 3.0A, etc. The actual internal resistance value refers to the internal resistance value of the battery in the current charging stage when the above-mentioned influencing factors are taken into account, such as the internal resistance value of the battery in the current constant current charging stage when the battery is charged again after N times of charging and discharging. In this exemplary embodiment, the actual internal resistance value of the battery can be measured by configuring an additional internal resistance measuring device; it can also be calculated based on the measured data of the battery state change, such as establishing an equation to solve the temperature rise data of the battery and the original internal resistance value, etc., to obtain the actual internal resistance value; or it can be obtained by looking up a table according to the preset relationship between the battery state change and the internal resistance, etc., such as pre-establishing a corresponding relationship between the temperature rise data and the battery internal resistance value, and finding the internal resistance value corresponding to the current temperature rise data as the actual internal resistance value in the current charging stage, etc., and the present disclosure does not make specific limitations on this.
步骤S320，根据电池的参考内阻值与实际内阻值，更新当前充电阶段的截止电压。Step S320, updating the cut-off voltage of the current charging stage according to the reference internal resistance value and the actual internal resistance value of the battery.
其中，参考内阻值是指在当前充电阶段之前的某一充电阶段，相对于实际内阻值的电池内阻值。在本示例性实施例中，参考内阻值可以是指电池的出厂内阻值，即新电池的初始内阻值，例如某一新电池出厂时内阻值为30mΩ，经过N次充放电过程之后，电池内阻增加到60mΩ，其中30mΩ可以作为参考内阻值，60mΩ即为当前充电阶段内的实际内阻值；参考内阻值也可以是上一次确定的电池在当前充电阶段内的实际内阻值，即在当前充电阶段之前某一时刻的内阻值，例如新电池内阻值为30mΩ，经过M次充放电过程之后，电池内阻增加到35mΩ，又经过K次充放电过程之后，电池内阻增加到60mΩ，其中，M次充放电过程之后确定的实际内阻值35mΩ也可以作为，又经过K次充放电过程之后的参考内阻值，而60mΩ为K次充放电过程之后当前充电阶段内的实际内阻值等，也即参考内阻值是指相对于当前充电阶段的实际内阻值的一个可变内阻值，随着当前充电阶段的变化，上一次确定的实际内阻值也可以变为参考内阻值。The reference internal resistance value refers to the internal resistance value of the battery at a charging stage before the current charging stage, relative to the actual internal resistance value. In this exemplary embodiment, the reference internal resistance value may refer to the factory internal resistance value of the battery, that is, the initial internal resistance value of a new battery. For example, the internal resistance value of a new battery is 30mΩ when it leaves the factory. After N charge and discharge processes, the internal resistance of the battery increases to 60mΩ, where 30mΩ can be used as the reference internal resistance value, and 60mΩ is the actual internal resistance value in the current charging stage. The reference internal resistance value may also be the actual internal resistance value of the battery in the current charging stage determined last time, that is, the internal resistance value at a certain moment before the current charging stage. For example, the internal resistance value of a new battery is 30mΩ, and after M charge and discharge processes, the internal resistance of the battery increases to 60mΩ. After the charging process, the internal resistance of the battery increases to 35mΩ, and after K charging and discharging processes, the internal resistance of the battery increases to 60mΩ, among which the actual internal resistance value of 35mΩ determined after M charging and discharging processes can also be used as the reference internal resistance value after K charging and discharging processes, and 60mΩ is the actual internal resistance value in the current charging stage after K charging and discharging processes, that is, the reference internal resistance value refers to a variable internal resistance value relative to the actual internal resistance value in the current charging stage. With the change of the current charging stage, the actual internal resistance value determined last time can also become the reference internal resistance value.
截止电压是指电池在充电过程中，电压下降到某一特定的工作电压值时，不再继续下降的电压。根据电池类型及充放电条件的不同，截止电压具有差异。通常，截止电压可以根据出厂时新电池的性能确定。例如使用CCCV充电方式进行充电时，先使用3A进行恒流充电过程，当充电至电压变化为4.2V时，再以4.2V进行恒压充电过程直至充满，其中，4.2V即为截止电压。The cut-off voltage refers to the voltage at which the battery stops dropping when it drops to a certain operating voltage during the charging process. The cut-off voltage varies depending on the battery type and charging and discharging conditions. Usually, the cut-off voltage can be determined based on the performance of the new battery when it leaves the factory. For example, when charging using the CCCV charging method, first use 3A for constant current charging. When the voltage changes to 4.2V, then use 4.2V for constant voltage charging until it is fully charged. Among them, 4.2V is the cut-off voltage.
考虑到电池内阻升高后，若仍然采用初始的截止电压进行充电过程，会导致整体充电时间增加，基于此，本示例性实施例可以根据参考内阻值和实际内阻值，确定新的截止电压，以对当前充电阶段的截止电压进行更新，从而适应当前的充电状态，保持较高的充电效率。具体的，本示例性实施例可以根据特定的公式进行计算，确定当前充电阶段的截止电压。Considering that after the internal resistance of the battery increases, if the initial cut-off voltage is still used for charging, the overall charging time will increase. Based on this, the exemplary embodiment can determine a new cut-off voltage according to the reference internal resistance value and the actual internal resistance value to update the cut-off voltage of the current charging stage, thereby adapting to the current charging state and maintaining a high charging efficiency. Specifically, the exemplary embodiment can calculate according to a specific formula to determine the cut-off voltage of the current charging stage.
在一示例性实施例中，更新前的当前充电阶段的截止电压为参考内阻值对应的截止电压。例如以某一充电阶段的电池内阻值50mΩ作为参考内阻值，对应的截止电压为3.8V，也即，当前的充电策略是根据3.8V进行调整的，当进行N次充放电过程之后，电池内阻增加到60mΩ，此时，根据当前的实际内阻值和参考内阻值，可以确定新的截止电压3.84V，则截止电压将从3.8V更新至3.84V，充电策略需要根据更新后的3.84V进行调整，如充电至3.84V时进入恒压充电过程等。需要说明的是，若更新前的当前充电阶段为初始充电阶段，例如电池出厂后刚开始进行充电工作，则参考内阻值即为电池的出厂内阻值，对应的截止电压也即未更新过的初始截止电压，则更新前的截止电压为初始截止电压。In an exemplary embodiment, the cut-off voltage of the current charging stage before the update is the cut-off voltage corresponding to the reference internal resistance value. For example, the internal resistance value of the battery at a certain charging stage is 50mΩ as the reference internal resistance value, and the corresponding cut-off voltage is 3.8V, that is, the current charging strategy is adjusted according to 3.8V. After N times of charging and discharging, the internal resistance of the battery increases to 60mΩ. At this time, according to the current actual internal resistance value and the reference internal resistance value, the new cut-off voltage of 3.84V can be determined, and the cut-off voltage will be updated from 3.8V to 3.84V. The charging strategy needs to be adjusted according to the updated 3.84V, such as entering the constant voltage charging process when charging to 3.84V. It should be noted that if the current charging stage before the update is the initial charging stage, for example, the battery has just started charging after leaving the factory, then the reference internal resistance value is the factory internal resistance value of the battery, and the corresponding cut-off voltage is also the initial cut-off voltage that has not been updated, then the cut-off voltage before the update is the initial cut-off voltage.
步骤S330，当电池的电压达到截止电压时，确定进入下一充电阶段。Step S330: When the battery voltage reaches the cut-off voltage, it is determined to enter the next charging stage.
本示例性实施例通过更新截止电压，使得电池在充电时，充电电压达到更新后的截止电压时，确定进入下一充电阶段，例如在CCCV充电模式下，当前充电阶段为恒流充电阶段，下一充电阶段为恒压充电阶段，电池在恒流充电阶段进行充电时，电压达到更新后的截止电压时，将确定进入恒压充电阶段；或者在分段恒流充电模式下，当前充电阶段为第i段恒流充电阶段，如当前恒流充电阶段，下一充电阶段为第i+1段恒流充电阶段，如当前恒流充电阶段的下一恒流充电阶段，电池在第i段恒流充电阶段进行充电时，电压达到更新后的截止电压时，将会调整电流，进入第i+1段恒流充电阶段。本示例性实施例可以通过对截止电压的更新，实现对当前充电阶段充电时间的调整，从而提高整体充电的效率。This exemplary embodiment updates the cut-off voltage so that when the battery is charging, when the charging voltage reaches the updated cut-off voltage, it is determined to enter the next charging stage. For example, in the CCCV charging mode, the current charging stage is the constant current charging stage, and the next charging stage is the constant voltage charging stage. When the battery is charging in the constant current charging stage, when the voltage reaches the updated cut-off voltage, it will be determined to enter the constant voltage charging stage; or in the segmented constant current charging mode, the current charging stage is the i-th constant current charging stage, such as the current constant current charging stage, and the next charging stage is the i+1-th constant current charging stage, such as the next constant current charging stage of the current constant current charging stage. When the battery is charging in the i-th constant current charging stage, when the voltage reaches the updated cut-off voltage, the current will be adjusted to enter the i+1-th constant current charging stage. This exemplary embodiment can adjust the charging time of the current charging stage by updating the cut-off voltage, thereby improving the overall charging efficiency.
需要说明的是，在采用分段恒流的充电模式时，可以只更新下一段恒流充电的截止电压，以该截止电压进入下一段恒流充电过程，由于更新后截止电压后，已经对整体的充电时间进行调整，消除了内阻变化对整体充电进程的影响，因此，无需在每段恒流充电过程都进行截止电压的更新过程。例如第一恒流充电阶段，先以4A的电流从3.4V恒流充电到3.8V，第二恒流充电阶段，再以3A的电流充电到4V，经过100次充放电循环后电池内阻由50mΩ增加到60mΩ，本示例性实施例可以仅对第一恒流阶段内的截止电压进行更新至3.84V，更新后，在第一恒流充电阶段充电至3.84V后，可以进入第二恒流充电阶段。It should be noted that when adopting the segmented constant current charging mode, only the cut-off voltage of the next constant current charging can be updated, and the next constant current charging process can be entered with the cut-off voltage. Since the overall charging time has been adjusted after the cut-off voltage is updated, the influence of the internal resistance change on the overall charging process is eliminated. Therefore, there is no need to update the cut-off voltage in each constant current charging process. For example, in the first constant current charging stage, the battery is first charged from 3.4V to 3.8V with a current of 4A, and then charged to 4V with a current of 3A in the second constant current charging stage. After 100 charge and discharge cycles, the internal resistance of the battery increases from 50mΩ to 60mΩ. In this exemplary embodiment, the cut-off voltage in the first constant current stage can be updated to 3.84V only. After the update, after charging to 3.84V in the first constant current charging stage, the second constant current charging stage can be entered.
综上，本示例性实施方式中，确定电池在当前充电阶段内的实际内阻值；根据电池的参考内阻值与实际内阻值，更新当前充电阶段的截止电压；当电池的电压达到截止电压时，确定进入下一充电阶段。一方面，本示例性实施例提出一种新的充电控制方法，从充电过程中电池内阻会发生变化的角度考虑，基于实际内阻值和参考内阻值更新截止电压，使电池的充电策略能够根据电池内阻的变化及时进行适应性调整，具有较高的灵活性；另一方面，电池内阻增加时往往会产生浮压，延长整体的充电时间，本示例性实施例可以通过内阻变化更新截止电压，更新后的截止电压对产生的浮压进行补偿，使得电池能够进行快速准确的充电过程，从而使其具有较高的充电效率；再一方面，本示例性实施例的充电控制方法流程简单，硬件成本较低，且能够对电池的充电过程进行较好的控制，具有广泛的应用场景。In summary, in this exemplary embodiment, the actual internal resistance value of the battery in the current charging stage is determined; the cut-off voltage of the current charging stage is updated according to the reference internal resistance value and the actual internal resistance value of the battery; when the voltage of the battery reaches the cut-off voltage, it is determined to enter the next charging stage. On the one hand, this exemplary embodiment proposes a new charging control method. Considering that the internal resistance of the battery will change during the charging process, the cut-off voltage is updated based on the actual internal resistance value and the reference internal resistance value, so that the charging strategy of the battery can be adaptively adjusted in time according to the change of the internal resistance of the battery, and has high flexibility; on the other hand, when the internal resistance of the battery increases, floating pressure will often be generated, which will extend the overall charging time. This exemplary embodiment can update the cut-off voltage through the change of the internal resistance, and the updated cut-off voltage compensates for the generated floating pressure, so that the battery can be charged quickly and accurately, so that it has a higher charging efficiency; on the other hand, the charging control method of this exemplary embodiment has a simple process, low hardware cost, and can better control the charging process of the battery, and has a wide range of application scenarios.
在一示例性实施例中，上述步骤S310可以包括：In an exemplary embodiment, the above step S310 may include:
根据电池在当前充电阶段内的温度变化值，确定实际内阻值。The actual internal resistance value is determined according to the temperature change value of the battery in the current charging stage.
实际应用中，电池内阻的变化与电池温度的变化具有一定的关联性，例如对某一新电池进行充电，从电压V1充电至电压V2这一充电阶段，温度变化值为△T1，当该电池被循环充放电N次后，再次从电压V1充电至电压V2，电池的温度变化值增加至△T2。基于此，本示例性实施例可以根据电池在当前充电阶段内的温度变化值，确定实际内阻值。具体的，实际内阻值的确定可以通过多种方式，例如可以预先建立不同温度变化值与电池内阻值的关系映射表，根据当前的温度变化值，查表即可以确定对应的内阻值。In practical applications, the change of battery internal resistance has a certain correlation with the change of battery temperature. For example, when charging a new battery, the temperature change value is △T1 during the charging stage from voltage V1 to voltage V2. After the battery is charged and discharged N times, it is charged from voltage V1 to voltage V2 again, and the temperature change value of the battery increases to △T2. Based on this, the present exemplary embodiment can determine the actual internal resistance value according to the temperature change value of the battery in the current charging stage. Specifically, the actual internal resistance value can be determined in a variety of ways. For example, a mapping table of the relationship between different temperature change values and battery internal resistance values can be established in advance. According to the current temperature change value, the corresponding internal resistance value can be determined by looking up the table.
在一示例性实施例中，上述根据电池在当前充电阶段内的温度变化值，确定实际内阻值，可以包括：In an exemplary embodiment, determining the actual internal resistance value according to the temperature change value of the battery in the current charging stage may include:
根据电池在当前充电阶段内从第一参考电压变化至第二参考电压的温度变化值，确定实际内阻值；Determine the actual internal resistance value according to the temperature change value of the battery from the first reference voltage to the second reference voltage in the current charging stage;
其中，第一参考电压为当前充电阶段的起始电压，第二参考电压为当前充电阶段的截止电压。The first reference voltage is the starting voltage of the current charging stage, and the second reference voltage is the cutting-off voltage of the current charging stage.
为了准确的确定电池在当前充电阶段内的实际内阻值，本示例性实施例可以根据某一特定电压变化区间内的温度变化值，来确定实际内阻值。其中，第一参考电压与第二参考电压即为当前充电过程中，电压变化的两个端点。具体而言，第一参考电压可以是当前充电阶段的起始电压，第二参考电压可以是当前充电阶段的截止电压，例如在CCCV充电模式中，刚开始以4A电流开始恒流充电到电压为4.2V后，跳转到3A电流进行恒压充电，其中第一参考电压为恒流充电阶段的起始电压，第二参考电压为恒流充电阶段结束时的截止电压4.2V。另外，电压变化区间也可以是起始电压与截止电压之间的任意一段子区间，即第一参考电压可以大于起始电压，第二参考电压可以小于截止电压等，只要是采用某一固定电压变化子区间的温度变化值，确定实际内阻值即可。In order to accurately determine the actual internal resistance value of the battery in the current charging stage, this exemplary embodiment can determine the actual internal resistance value according to the temperature change value within a certain voltage change interval. Among them, the first reference voltage and the second reference voltage are the two endpoints of the voltage change in the current charging process. Specifically, the first reference voltage can be the starting voltage of the current charging stage, and the second reference voltage can be the cut-off voltage of the current charging stage. For example, in the CCCV charging mode, after starting the constant current charging with a current of 4A to a voltage of 4.2V, it jumps to a current of 3A for constant voltage charging, wherein the first reference voltage is the starting voltage of the constant current charging stage, and the second reference voltage is the cut-off voltage of 4.2V at the end of the constant current charging stage. In addition, the voltage change interval can also be any sub-interval between the starting voltage and the cut-off voltage, that is, the first reference voltage can be greater than the starting voltage, and the second reference voltage can be less than the cut-off voltage, etc., as long as the temperature change value of a certain fixed voltage change sub-interval is used to determine the actual internal resistance value.
在一示例性实施例中，如图4所示，上述根据电池在当前充电阶段内的温度变化值，确定实际内阻值，可以包括以下步骤：In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 , the above-mentioned determination of the actual internal resistance value according to the temperature change value of the battery in the current charging stage may include the following steps:
步骤S410，通过电池的比热容、质量和温度变化值确定电池在当前充电阶段内产生的第一热量值；Step S410, determining a first heat value generated by the battery in the current charging stage according to the specific heat capacity, mass and temperature change value of the battery;
步骤S420，基于第一热量值与实际内阻值产生的第二热量值的守恒，建立热量守恒方程；Step S420, establishing a heat conservation equation based on the conservation of the first heat value and the second heat value generated by the actual internal resistance value;
步骤S430，求解热量守恒方程，得到实际内阻值。Step S430, solving the heat conservation equation to obtain the actual internal resistance value.
其中，第一热量值是指由于温度变化，电池内阻产生的热量值，第二热量值是指电流通过电池内阻时产生的热量值，本示例性实施例根据热量守恒定律，建立第一热量值与第二热量值的热量守恒方程，并通过求解该方程，得到实际内阻值。Among them, the first calorific value refers to the calorific value generated by the internal resistance of the battery due to temperature changes, and the second calorific value refers to the calorific value generated when current passes through the internal resistance of the battery. This exemplary embodiment establishes a heat conservation equation for the first calorific value and the second calorific value based on the law of conservation of heat, and obtains the actual internal resistance value by solving the equation.
需要说明的是，实际内阻值是根据当前充电阶段确定的，当前充电阶段改变时，实际内阻值也会随之改变，例如新电池出厂时的实际内阻值和进行N次充放电之后的电池的实际内阻值不同，也即不同的使用阶段，电池的温度变化值和内阻值均会发生改变，而本示例性实施例可以根据不同的温度变化值，确定不同的当前充电阶段下的实际内阻值，例如进行N次充放电之前的实际内阻值和进行N次充放电之后的实际内阻值均可以通过热量守恒方程确定。It should be noted that the actual internal resistance value is determined according to the current charging stage. When the current charging stage changes, the actual internal resistance value will also change accordingly. For example, the actual internal resistance value of a new battery when it leaves the factory is different from the actual internal resistance value of the battery after N times of charge and discharge. That is, at different stages of use, the temperature change value and the internal resistance value of the battery will change. The present exemplary embodiment can determine the actual internal resistance values at different current charging stages according to different temperature change values. For example, the actual internal resistance value before N times of charge and discharge and the actual internal resistance value after N times of charge and discharge can both be determined by the heat conservation equation.
在本示例性实施例中，第一热量值可以通过电池的比热容、质量和温度变化值计算得到。In this exemplary embodiment, the first calorific value may be calculated by the specific heat capacity, mass and temperature change value of the battery.
温度变化值是指电池在一充电过程中温度升高的变化数据，电池的比热容是指单位质量的电池升高一定温度所需要的热量，根据电池的比热容、质量及温度变化值，可以确定质量为M的电池，温度升高到温度变化值为△T时所产生的热量，即为第一热量值。The temperature change value refers to the change in the temperature rise of the battery during a charging process. The specific heat capacity of the battery refers to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a unit mass of the battery to a certain level. Based on the specific heat capacity, mass and temperature change value of the battery, the heat generated when the temperature of a battery with a mass of M rises to a temperature change value of △T can be determined, which is the first heat value.
在一示例性实施例中，上述步骤S430可以包括：In an exemplary embodiment, the above step S430 may include:
通过当前充电阶段的充电电流和充电时间求解热量守恒方程，得到实际内阻值。The actual internal resistance value is obtained by solving the heat conservation equation through the charging current and charging time in the current charging stage.
在本示例性实施例中，第一热量值可以通过公式：Q1＝CM△T，来表示，其中，C为电池的比热容，M为电池的质量，△T为温度变化值。第二热量值可以通过公式：Q2＝I2Rt，来表示，其中，I为流过电池内阻的电流，R为电池的实际内阻值，t为充电时间，例如充电电压从第一电压值V1到第二电压值V2所使用的时间。In this exemplary embodiment, the first heat value can be expressed by the formula: Q1 =CMΔT, where C is the specific heat capacity of the battery, M is the mass of the battery, and ΔT is the temperature change value. The second heat value can be expressed by the formula: Q2 =I2 Rt, where I is the current flowing through the internal resistance of the battery, R is the actual internal resistance value of the battery, and t is the charging time, for example, the time taken for the charging voltage to change from the first voltage value V1 to the second voltage value V2 .
基于第一热量值和第二热量值，可以建立以下热量守恒方程：Based on the first calorific value and the second calorific value, the following heat conservation equation can be established:
CM△T＝I2RtCM△T＝I2 Rt
求解以上方程可以得到，Solving the above equations, we can get:
本示例性实施例可以通过实时监测对应电压变化区间内的温度变化值，确定电池的实际内阻值。This exemplary embodiment can determine the actual internal resistance of the battery by real-time monitoring of the temperature change value within the corresponding voltage change interval.
需要说明的是，当参考内阻值不是新电池出厂时的初始内阻值时，例如使用了一段时间后，则也可以通过上式计算得到。It should be noted that when the reference internal resistance value is not the initial internal resistance value of a new battery when it leaves the factory, for example, after it has been used for a period of time, it can also be calculated using the above formula.
在一示例性实施例中，可以在电池的电芯表面设有测温器件，测温器件用于监测电池的温度，以获取温度变化值。In an exemplary embodiment, a temperature measuring device may be provided on the surface of the battery cell of the battery, and the temperature measuring device is used to monitor the temperature of the battery to obtain a temperature change value.
其中，测温器件可以包括热敏电阻、热电偶等，能够实时监测电池表面温度的器件，此外，其他能够监测电池温度的测温器件属于本示例性实施例的保护范围内。The temperature measuring device may include a thermistor, a thermocouple, etc., which are devices capable of monitoring the surface temperature of the battery in real time. In addition, other temperature measuring devices capable of monitoring the battery temperature are within the protection scope of this exemplary embodiment.
在一示例性实施例中，如图5所示，上述步骤S320可以包括以下步骤：In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG5 , the above step S320 may include the following steps:
步骤S510，根据参考内阻值与实际内阻值计算内阻增量值；Step S510, calculating the internal resistance increment value according to the reference internal resistance value and the actual internal resistance value;
步骤S520，根据内阻值增量与当前充电阶段的充电电流计算截止电压增量值；Step S520, calculating the cut-off voltage increment value according to the internal resistance increment and the charging current in the current charging stage;
步骤S530，利用截止电压增量值更新截止电压。Step S530: updating the cut-off voltage using the cut-off voltage increment value.
内阻增量值即参考内阻值与实际内阻值之间的差值，例如，根据上述热量守恒方程，先计算得到电池在第一电压值变化到第二电压值的充电阶段的参考内阻值为：在进行了N次充放电循环后，从第一电压值变化为第二电压值的当前充电阶段的实际内阻值为：/>则内阻增量值即为R2-R1。截止电压增量值是指电流通过电池内阻时，由于内阻增加而增加的电压变化值，可以表示为I*(R2-R1)。The internal resistance increment value is the difference between the reference internal resistance value and the actual internal resistance value. For example, according to the above heat conservation equation, the reference internal resistance value of the battery in the charging stage where the first voltage value changes to the second voltage value is first calculated as: After N charge and discharge cycles, the actual internal resistance value of the current charging stage from the first voltage value to the second voltage value is:/> The incremental value of the internal resistance is R2 -R1 . The incremental value of the cut-off voltage refers to the voltage change value due to the increase of the internal resistance when the current passes through the internal resistance of the battery, which can be expressed as I*(R2 -R1 ).
则更新后的截止电压可以通过公式：Vt’＝Vt+I*(R2-R1)，表示。其中，Vt是指未更新截止电压之前的截止电压，I*(R2-R1)是指截止电压增量值，Vt’表示更新后的截止电压。The updated cutoff voltage can be expressed by the formula: Vt '=Vt +I*(R2 -R1 ), where Vt refers to the cutoff voltage before the cutoff voltage is updated, I*(R2 -R1 ) refers to the cutoff voltage increment, and Vt ' refers to the updated cutoff voltage.
在一示例性实施例中，在更新当前充电阶段的截止电压时，方法还包括：In an exemplary embodiment, when updating the cut-off voltage of the current charging stage, the method further includes:
如果更新后截止电压超过电池所能承受的最大截止电压，则采用电池所能承受的最大截止电压作为截止电压。If the updated cut-off voltage exceeds the maximum cut-off voltage that the battery can withstand, the maximum cut-off voltage that the battery can withstand is used as the cut-off voltage.
即在本示例性实施例中，更新后的截止电压不能超过当前电池所能承受的最大充电电压，例如某一电池的最大充电电压为4.5V，则当更新后的截止电压大于4.5V时，将以4.5V作为截止电压。That is, in this exemplary embodiment, the updated cutoff voltage cannot exceed the maximum charging voltage that the current battery can withstand. For example, if the maximum charging voltage of a battery is 4.5V, when the updated cutoff voltage is greater than 4.5V, 4.5V will be used as the cutoff voltage.
另外，考虑到实际应用中，电池老化后，会出现浮压增加的情况，导致电池难以实现充满，例如截止电压为4.5V，电池浮压增加后，若按照4.5V的截止电压进行充电，电池是无法充满的。因此，本示例性实施例可以设置更新后的截止电压为电池所能承受的最大截止电压与预设浮压增量之和，例如最大截止电压为4.5V，设置预设浮压增量为0.05V，则更新后的截止电压为4.55V，基于此，可以保证电池的有效充电。其中，预设浮压增量可以根据电池自身特性确定，例如电池的材料、电池的使用时间或者电池内部电解液的变化情况等，本公开对此不做具体限定。In addition, considering that in actual applications, after the battery ages, the floating pressure will increase, making it difficult to fully charge the battery. For example, if the cut-off voltage is 4.5V and the battery floating pressure increases, the battery cannot be fully charged if it is charged according to the cut-off voltage of 4.5V. Therefore, the present exemplary embodiment can set the updated cut-off voltage to be the sum of the maximum cut-off voltage that the battery can withstand and the preset floating pressure increment. For example, if the maximum cut-off voltage is 4.5V and the preset floating pressure increment is set to 0.05V, the updated cut-off voltage is 4.55V. Based on this, the effective charging of the battery can be guaranteed. Among them, the preset floating pressure increment can be determined according to the characteristics of the battery itself, such as the material of the battery, the battery usage time, or the changes in the electrolyte inside the battery, etc., and the present disclosure does not make specific limitations on this.
本公开的示例性实施方式还提供一种充电控制装置。如图6所示，该充电控制装置600可以包括：实际内阻值确定模块610，用于确定电池在当前充电阶段内的实际内阻值；截止电压更新模块620，用于根据电池的参考内阻值与实际内阻值，更新当前充电阶段的截止电压；充电阶段确定模块630，用于当电池的电压达到截止电压时，确定进入下一充电阶段。The exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a charging control device. As shown in FIG6 , the charging control device 600 may include: an actual internal resistance value determination module 610, used to determine the actual internal resistance value of the battery in the current charging stage; a cutoff voltage update module 620, used to update the cutoff voltage of the current charging stage according to the reference internal resistance value and the actual internal resistance value of the battery; and a charging stage determination module 630, used to determine to enter the next charging stage when the voltage of the battery reaches the cutoff voltage.
在一示例性实施例中，实际内阻值确定模块，包括：实际内阻值确定单元，用于根据电池在当前充电阶段内的温度变化值，确定实际内阻值。In an exemplary embodiment, the actual internal resistance value determination module includes: an actual internal resistance value determination unit, which is used to determine the actual internal resistance value according to the temperature change value of the battery in the current charging stage.
在一示例性实施例中，实际内阻值确定单元，用于根据电池在当前充电阶段内从第一参考电压变化至第二参考电压的温度变化值，确定实际内阻值；其中，第一参考电压为当前充电阶段的起始电压，第二参考电压为当前充电阶段的截止电压。In an exemplary embodiment, the actual internal resistance value determination unit is used to determine the actual internal resistance value according to the temperature change value of the battery from a first reference voltage to a second reference voltage in the current charging stage; wherein the first reference voltage is the starting voltage of the current charging stage, and the second reference voltage is the cut-off voltage of the current charging stage.
在一示例性实施例中，实际内阻值确定单元，包括：第一热量值确定子单元，用于通过电池的比热容、质量和温度变化值确定电池在当前充电阶段内产生的第一热量值；守恒方程建立子单元，用于基于第一热量值与实际内阻值产生的第二热量值的守恒，建立热量守恒方程；方程求解子单元，用于求解热量守恒方程，得到实际内阻值。In an exemplary embodiment, the actual internal resistance value determination unit includes: a first calorific value determination subunit, used to determine the first calorific value generated by the battery in the current charging stage through the specific heat capacity, mass and temperature change value of the battery; a conservation equation establishment subunit, used to establish a heat conservation equation based on the conservation of the first calorific value and the second calorific value generated by the actual internal resistance value; an equation solving subunit, used to solve the heat conservation equation to obtain the actual internal resistance value.
在一示例性实施例中，方程求解子单元，用于通过当前充电阶段的充电电流和充电时间求解热量守恒方程，得到实际内阻值。In an exemplary embodiment, the equation solving subunit is used to solve the heat conservation equation according to the charging current and charging time in the current charging stage to obtain the actual internal resistance value.
在一示例性实施例中，电池的电芯表面设有测温器件，测温器件用于监测电池的温度，以获取温度变化值。In an exemplary embodiment, a temperature measuring device is provided on the surface of the battery cell, and the temperature measuring device is used to monitor the temperature of the battery to obtain a temperature change value.
在一示例性实施例中，截止电压更新模块，包括：内阻增量值确定单元，用于根据参考内阻值与实际内阻值计算内阻增量值；截止电压增量值确定单元，用于根据内阻值增量与当前充电阶段的充电电流计算截止电压增量值；截止电压更新单元，用于利用截止电压增量值更新截止电压。In an exemplary embodiment, the cut-off voltage update module includes: an internal resistance increment value determination unit, used to calculate the internal resistance increment value based on a reference internal resistance value and an actual internal resistance value; a cut-off voltage increment value determination unit, used to calculate the cut-off voltage increment value based on the internal resistance increment value and the charging current in the current charging stage; and a cut-off voltage update unit, used to update the cut-off voltage using the cut-off voltage increment value.
在一示例性实施例中，充电控制装置还包括：截止电压判断模块，用于在更新当前充电阶段的截止电压时，如果更新后截止电压超过电池所能承受的最大截止电压，则采用电池所能承受的最大截止电压作为截止电压。In an exemplary embodiment, the charging control device further includes: a cutoff voltage judgment module, which is used to use the maximum cutoff voltage that the battery can withstand as the cutoff voltage when updating the cutoff voltage of the current charging stage if the updated cutoff voltage exceeds the maximum cutoff voltage that the battery can withstand.
在一示例性实施例中，参考内阻值为上一次确定的电池在当前充电阶段内的实际内阻值，或者电池的出厂内阻值。In an exemplary embodiment, the reference internal resistance value is the actual internal resistance value of the battery in the current charging stage determined last time, or the factory internal resistance value of the battery.
在一示例性实施例中，更新前当前充电阶段的截止电压为参考内阻值对应的截止电压。In an exemplary embodiment, the cut-off voltage of the current charging stage before updating is the cut-off voltage corresponding to the reference internal resistance value.
在一示例性实施例中，当前充电阶段为恒流充电阶段，下一充电阶段为恒压充电阶段；当前充电阶段为第i段恒流充电阶段，下一充电阶段为i+1段恒流充电阶段。In an exemplary embodiment, the current charging stage is a constant current charging stage, and the next charging stage is a constant voltage charging stage; the current charging stage is the i-th constant current charging stage, and the next charging stage is the i+1-th constant current charging stage.
上述装置中各部分的具体细节在方法部分实施方式中已经详细说明，因而不再赘述。The specific details of each part of the above device have been described in detail in the implementation method part, so they will not be repeated here.
本公开的示例性实施方式还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，可以实现为程序产品的形式，包括程序代码，当程序产品在终端设备上运行时，程序代码用于使终端设备执行本说明书上述“示例性方法”部分中描述的根据本公开各种示例性实施方式的步骤，例如可以执行图3、图4或图5中任意一个或多个步骤。该程序产品可以采用便携式紧凑盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)并包括程序代码，并可以在终端设备，例如个人电脑上运行。然而，本公开的程序产品不限于此，在本文件中，可读存储介质可以是任何包含或存储程序的有形介质，该程序可以被指令执行系统、装置或者器件使用或者与其结合使用。The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium, which can be implemented in the form of a program product, including a program code. When the program product is run on a terminal device, the program code is used to cause the terminal device to execute the steps according to various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure described in the above "Exemplary Method" section of this specification, for example, any one or more steps in Figure 3, Figure 4 or Figure 5 can be executed. The program product can adopt a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM) and include program code, and can be run on a terminal device, such as a personal computer. However, the program product of the present disclosure is not limited to this. In this document, a readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program, which can be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, an apparatus or a device.
程序产品可以采用一个或多个可读介质的任意组合。可读介质可以是可读信号介质或者可读存储介质。可读存储介质例如可以为但不限于电、磁、光、电磁、红外线、或半导体的系统、装置或器件，或者任意以上的组合。可读存储介质的更具体的例子(非穷举的列表)包括：具有一个或多个导线的电连接、便携式盘、硬盘、随机存取存储器、只读存储器(ROM)、可擦式可编程只读存储器(EPROM或闪存)、光纤、便携式紧凑盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、光存储器件、磁存储器件、或者上述的任意合适的组合。The program product may use any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or device, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a random access memory, a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.
计算机可读信号介质可以包括在基带中或者作为载波一部分传播的数据信号，其中承载了可读程序代码。这种传播的数据信号可以采用多种形式，包括但不限于电磁信号、光信号或上述的任意合适的组合。可读信号介质还可以是可读存储介质以外的任何可读介质，该可读介质可以发送、传播或者传输用于由指令执行系统、装置或者器件使用或者与其结合使用的程序。Computer readable signal media may include data signals propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, wherein readable program code is carried. Such propagated data signals may take a variety of forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above. Readable signal media may also be any readable medium other than a readable storage medium, which may send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
可读介质上包含的程序代码可以用任何适当的介质传输，包括但不限于无线、有线、光缆、RF等等，或者上述的任意合适的组合。The program code embodied on the readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
可以以一种或多种程序设计语言的任意组合来编写用于执行本公开操作的程序代码，程序设计语言包括面向对象的程序设计语言—诸如Java、C++等，还包括常规的过程式程序设计语言—诸如“C”语言或类似的程序设计语言。程序代码可以完全地在用户计算设备上执行、部分地在用户设备上执行、作为一个独立的软件包执行、部分在用户计算设备上部分在远程计算设备上执行、或者完全在远程计算设备或服务器上执行。在涉及远程计算设备的情形中，远程计算设备可以通过任意种类的网络，包括局域网(LAN)或广域网(WAN)，连接到用户计算设备，或者，可以连接到外部计算设备(例如利用因特网服务提供商来通过因特网连接)。Program code for performing the operations of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages such as Java, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages such as "C" or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user computing device, partially on the user device, as a separate software package, partially on the user computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In cases involving a remote computing device, the remote computing device may be connected to the user computing device through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computing device (e.g., through the Internet using an Internet service provider).
所属技术领域的技术人员能够理解，本公开的各个方面可以实现为系统、方法或程序产品。因此，本公开的各个方面可以具体实现为以下形式，即：完全的硬件实施方式、完全的软件实施方式(包括固件、微代码等)，或硬件和软件方面结合的实施方式，这里可以统称为“电路”、“模块”或“系统”。本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后，将容易想到本公开的其他实施方式。本公开旨在涵盖本公开的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本公开的一般性原理并包括本公开未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施方式仅被视为示例性的，本公开的真正范围和精神由权利要求指出。It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various aspects of the present disclosure may be implemented as systems, methods or program products. Therefore, various aspects of the present disclosure may be specifically implemented in the following forms, namely: complete hardware implementation, complete software implementation (including firmware, microcode, etc.), or implementations combining hardware and software aspects, which may be collectively referred to herein as "circuit", "module" or "system". Those skilled in the art will readily think of other implementations of the present disclosure after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptive changes of the present disclosure, which follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and implementation are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are indicated by the claims.
应当理解的是，本公开并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构，并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本公开的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限定。It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.
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| CN202110018261.6ACN112671071B (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2021-01-07 | Charging control method, charging control device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
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