CN112663228A - Method for preparing micro-nano-scale GF (glass fiber) and PP (polypropylene) composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开一种制备微纳尺度GF、PP复合材料的方法，采用单轴双模头离心喷吹设备，将聚丙烯熔体、玻璃熔体通过单轴双高速离心模头分别离心成0.1‑5微米丝，然后由高速定向气流吹离到着丝板，经过热压成型制备微纳尺度GF、PP复合材料。本发明采用单轴双模头离心喷吹设备制备微纳尺度GF、PP复合材料的方法可以实现5μm以下GF、PP复合材料的大规模工业化制备，特别是能制备得到0.1‑1μm的GF、PP复合材料具有经济、能耗低、微纳尺度结合、产率高、丝径均匀、大大提升材料力学性能和综合性能的特点，拉伸强度好。

The invention discloses a method for preparing micro-nano-scale GF and PP composite materials. A single-axis double-die centrifugal blowing device is used to centrifuge polypropylene melt and glass melt into 0.1-1 inch melts respectively through single-axis double-speed centrifugal dies. The 5-micron filaments are then blown away from the high-speed directional airflow to the centromere, and the micro-nano-scale GF and PP composite materials are prepared by hot pressing. The method for preparing micro-nano-scale GF and PP composite materials by using uniaxial dual-die centrifugal blowing equipment in the present invention can realize large-scale industrialized preparation of GF and PP composite materials below 5 μm, especially GF and PP with 0.1-1 μm can be prepared. The composite material has the characteristics of economy, low energy consumption, micro-nano scale combination, high yield, uniform wire diameter, greatly improved mechanical properties and comprehensive properties of materials, and good tensile strength.

Description

Method for preparing micro-nano-scale GF (glass fiber) and PP (polypropylene) composite material

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of polypropylene composite material production, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a micro-nano GF/PP composite material by adopting single-shaft double-die-head centrifugal blowing equipment, centrifuging a polypropylene melt and a glass melt into 0.1-5 micron yarns through a single-shaft double-high-speed centrifugal die head, blowing off the yarns to a filament-laying plate through high-speed directional airflow, and performing hot press molding.

Background

The glass fiber/polypropylene composite material as a thermoplastic reinforced composite material has the advantages of high elastic modulus, high strength, stable size, high thermal deformation temperature, excellent electrical property, low price and the like, and is widely concerned by people. However, the Glass Fiber (GF) and the polypropylene (PP) have poor bonding force due to self-spinning limitation and polarity difference, and the performance index does not meet the ideal requirement. The long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene and the glass fiber continuous reinforced polypropylene are development hot spots of GF and PP composite materials. However, the filament diameter of GF and PP fibers is generally larger than 10 μm at present, so that the comprehensive performance of GF and PP composite materials is difficult to improve, and the application of the GF and PP composite materials in industries of high strength, light weight, thin-wall composite materials, integrated molding and the like is limited.

Therefore, the method for preparing the micro-nano GF/PP composite material by adopting the single-shaft double-die-head centrifugal blowing equipment can realize large-scale industrial preparation of the GF/PP composite material with the particle size of less than 5 microns, and the composite material is prepared by uniformly distributing 1-5 micron glass fibers and 1-5 micron polypropylene fibers, so that the micro-nano surface combination in the real sense can be realized, the geometric multiplication of the specific surface area of the material fibers is realized, and the mechanical property and the comprehensive property of the material are greatly improved; the large-scale continuous industrial production of the micro-nano GF and PP composite material is realized, the comprehensive cost of the GF and PP composite material can be greatly reduced, the market competitiveness of the material is improved, and the large-scale application of related industries is expanded, so that the deep popularization of the application of replacing wood with plastic, replacing steel with plastic and the like is realized.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for preparing a micro-nano GF/PP composite material by adopting single-shaft double-die-head centrifugal blowing equipment, centrifuging a polypropylene melt and a glass melt into 0.1-5 micron yarns through a single-shaft double-high-speed centrifugal die head, blowing off the 0.1-5 micron yarns from a high-speed directional airflow to a filament-laying plate, and performing hot press molding.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a method for preparing a micro-nano GF/PP composite material adopts single-shaft double-die head centrifugal blowing equipment to respectively centrifuge a polypropylene melt and a glass melt into 0.1-5 micron threads through single-shaft double-high-speed centrifugal die heads, then blows off the threads to a threading plate through high-speed directional airflow, and prepares the micro-nano GF/PP composite material through hot press molding.

A method for preparing a micro-nano GF/PP composite material comprises the following steps:

step 1: drying and feeding polypropylene into an extruder, wherein the extrusion temperature is 200 ℃ and 280 ℃, and forming a polypropylene melt;

step 2: melting the glass balls, and heating to 1200-1500 ℃ to form a glass melt;

and step 3: placing the glass melt and the polypropylene melt in a single-shaft double-mold-head centrifugal blowing device, and centrifuging to obtain glass fibers and polypropylene fibers of 0.1-5 micrometers;

and 4, step 4: blowing the glass fiber and the polypropylene fiber away from a filament plate by high-speed directional airflow and collecting to form filament plate mixed silk floss;

and 5: and conveying the mixed silk floss of the silk-binding plate to a hot-pressing roller for hot pressing, and rolling to obtain the micro-nano-scale GF/PP composite material.

Preferably, in the step 2, the glass balls are dried and added into the tank furnace, and heated to 1200-1500 ℃ after melting to form the glass melt.

Preferably, in the step 3, the diameters of the die heads of the single-shaft double-die-head centrifugal blowing equipment are both 5-50cm, and the rotating speeds are both 2000-.

Preferably, in the step 4, the glass fibers and the polypropylene fibers are blown off to a filament plate by a high-speed centrifugal fan and collected.

More preferably, in the step 4, the outlet air speed of the high-speed centrifugal fan is 5-50 m/s.

Or preferably, in the step 5, the temperature for hot pressing by the hot pressing roller is 170-200 ℃.

The invention has the technical effects that:

the method for preparing the micro-nano GF/PP composite material by adopting the single-shaft double-die head centrifugal blowing equipment can realize large-scale industrial preparation of the GF/PP composite material with the particle size of less than 5 mu m, and particularly can prepare the GF/PP composite material with the particle size of 0.1-1 mu m. The composite material is prepared by uniformly distributing 1-5 micron glass fibers and 1-5 micron polypropylene fibers, so that the micro-nano scale surface combination can be truly achieved, the geometric multiplication of the specific surface area of the material fibers is realized, and the mechanical property and the comprehensive property of the material are greatly improved; the method realizes large-scale continuous industrial production of the micro-nano GF/PP composite material, and has the characteristics of economy, low energy consumption, micro-nano combination, high yield, uniform filament diameter, great improvement on the mechanical property and comprehensive property of the material, and good tensile strength.

Drawings

FIG. 1 scanning electron microscope of the composite material prepared in example 3.

Detailed Description

The production process of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

Example 1

A method for preparing a micro-nano GF/PP composite material comprises the following steps:

step 1: drying and feeding polypropylene into an extruder, wherein the extrusion temperature is 200 ℃ to form a polypropylene melt;

step 2: drying the glass balls, adding the glass balls into a tank furnace, melting, and heating to 1200 ℃ to form a glass melt;

and step 3: placing the glass melt and the polypropylene melt in a single-shaft double-die-head centrifugal blowing device, wherein the diameter of each die head is 10cm, and the rotating speed is 10000 r/min; centrifuging into 2-3 μm glass fiber and polypropylene fiber;

and 4, step 4: blowing off the glass fiber and the polypropylene fiber to a filament plate through a high-speed centrifugal fan and collecting the glass fiber and the polypropylene fiber, wherein the air speed of an outlet of the high-speed centrifugal fan is 5m/s, so as to form filament plate mixed silk floss;

and 5: and conveying the mixed silk floss of the silk-covered plate to a hot-pressing roller for hot pressing, wherein the hot-pressing temperature of the hot-pressing roller is 170 ℃, and rolling to obtain the GF/PP composite material with the grade of 2-3 mu m, wherein the tensile strength is 103.4 MPa.

Example 2

A method for preparing a micro-nano GF/PP composite material comprises the following steps:

step 1: drying and feeding polypropylene into an extruder, wherein the extrusion temperature is 260 ℃, and forming a polypropylene melt;

step 2: drying the glass balls, adding the glass balls into a tank furnace, melting, and heating to 1400 ℃ to form a glass melt;

and step 3: placing the glass melt and the polypropylene melt in a single-shaft double-die-head centrifugal blowing device, wherein the diameter of each die head is 20cm, and the rotating speed is 30000 r/min; centrifuging into 1-2.5 μm glass fiber and polypropylene fiber;

and 4, step 4: blowing off the glass fiber and the polypropylene fiber to a filament plate through a high-speed centrifugal fan and collecting the glass fiber and the polypropylene fiber, wherein the air speed of an outlet of the high-speed centrifugal fan is 40m/s, so as to form filament plate mixed silk floss;

and 5: and conveying the mixed silk floss of the silk-covered plate to a hot-pressing roller for hot pressing, wherein the hot-pressing temperature of the hot-pressing roller is 190 ℃, and rolling to obtain the 1-2.5 mu mGF/PP composite material with the tensile strength of 105.3 MPa.

Example 3

A method for preparing a micro-nano GF/PP composite material comprises the following steps:

step 1: drying and feeding polypropylene into an extruder, wherein the extrusion temperature is 280 ℃, and forming a polypropylene melt;

step 2: drying the glass balls, adding the glass balls into a tank furnace, melting, and heating to 1500 ℃ to form a glass melt;

and step 3: placing the glass melt and the polypropylene melt in a single-shaft double-die-head centrifugal blowing device, wherein the diameter of each die head is 30cm, and the rotating speed is 80000 r/min; centrifuging into 0.1-1 μm glass fiber and polypropylene fiber;

and 4, step 4: blowing off the glass fiber and the polypropylene fiber to a filament plate through a high-speed centrifugal fan and collecting the glass fiber and the polypropylene fiber, wherein the air speed of an outlet of the high-speed centrifugal fan is 50m/s, so as to form filament plate mixed silk floss;

and 5: conveying the mixed silk floss of the silk-covered plate to a hot-pressing roller for hot pressing, wherein the hot-pressing temperature of the hot-pressing roller is 200 ℃, and rolling to obtain the GF/PP composite material with the tensile strength of 0.1-1 mu m and the tensile strength of 120.8 MPa.

The scanning electron micrograph of the composite material prepared in this example is shown in FIG. 1.

Example 4

A method for preparing a micro-nano GF/PP composite material comprises the following steps:

step 1: drying and feeding polypropylene into an extruder, wherein the extrusion temperature is 280 ℃, and forming a polypropylene melt;

step 2: drying the glass balls, adding the glass balls into a tank furnace, melting, and heating to 1500 ℃ to form a glass melt;

and step 3: placing the glass melt and the polypropylene melt in a single-shaft double-die-head centrifugal blowing device, wherein the diameter of each die head is 5cm, and the rotating speed is 2000 r/min; centrifuging into 3-4 μm glass fiber and polypropylene fiber;

and 4, step 4: blowing the glass fiber and the polypropylene fiber away to a filament plate through a high-speed centrifugal fan and collecting the glass fiber and the polypropylene fiber, wherein the air speed of an outlet of the high-speed centrifugal fan is 10m/s, so as to form filament plate mixed silk floss;

and 5: and conveying the mixed silk floss of the silk-covered plate to a hot-pressing roller for hot pressing, wherein the hot-pressing temperature of the hot-pressing roller is 180 ℃, and rolling to obtain the GF/PP composite material with the thickness of 3-4 mu m and the tensile strength of 98.6 MPa.

Example 5

A method for preparing a micro-nano GF/PP composite material comprises the following steps:

step 1: drying and feeding polypropylene into an extruder, wherein the extrusion temperature is 280 ℃, and forming a polypropylene melt;

step 2: drying the glass balls, adding the glass balls into a tank furnace, melting, and heating to 1500 ℃ to form a glass melt;

and step 3: placing the glass melt and the polypropylene melt in a single-shaft double-die-head centrifugal blowing device, wherein the diameter of each die head is 50cm, and the rotating speed is 2000 r/min; centrifuging into 4-5 μm glass fiber and polypropylene fiber;

and 4, step 4: blowing off the glass fiber and the polypropylene fiber to a filament plate through a high-speed centrifugal fan and collecting the glass fiber and the polypropylene fiber, wherein the air speed of an outlet of the high-speed centrifugal fan is 20m/s, so as to form filament plate mixed silk floss;

and 5: and conveying the mixed silk floss of the silk-covered plate to a hot-pressing roller for hot pressing, wherein the hot-pressing temperature of the hot-pressing roller is 200 ℃, and rolling to obtain the 4-5 mu m GF/PP composite material with the tensile strength of 112.6 MPa.

Claims (7)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种制备微纳尺度GF、PP复合材料的方法，其特征在于：采用单轴双模头离心喷吹设备，将聚丙烯熔体、玻璃熔体通过单轴双高速离心模头分别离心成0.1-5微米丝，然后由高速定向气流吹离到着丝板，经过热压成型制备微纳尺度GF、PP复合材料。1. a method for preparing micro-nano-scale GF, PP composite material, is characterized in that: adopt uniaxial dual-die centrifugal blowing equipment, polypropylene melt, glass melt are centrifuged respectively by uniaxial dual high-speed centrifugal die The filaments of 0.1-5 microns are then blown away by high-speed directional airflow to the centromere, and the micro-nano-scale GF and PP composite materials are prepared by hot pressing.2.根据权利要求1所述制备微纳尺度GF、PP复合材料的方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：2. the method for preparing micro-nano scale GF, PP composite material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise the steps:步骤1：将聚丙烯干燥喂入挤出机，挤出温度200-280℃，形成聚丙烯熔体；Step 1: The polypropylene is dried and fed into the extruder, and the extrusion temperature is 200-280°C to form a polypropylene melt;步骤2：将玻璃球熔融后加温至1200-1500℃，形成玻璃熔体；Step 2: Melt the glass ball and heat it to 1200-1500°C to form a glass melt;步骤3：将玻璃熔体及聚丙烯熔体均置于单轴双模头离心喷吹设备中，离心成0.1-5微米的玻璃纤维及聚丙烯纤维；Step 3: Put the glass melt and polypropylene melt in a single-axis dual-die centrifugal blowing equipment, and centrifuge into glass fibers and polypropylene fibers of 0.1-5 microns;步骤4：将玻璃纤维及聚丙烯纤维由高速定向气流吹离到着丝板收集，形成着丝板混合丝绵；Step 4: The glass fibers and polypropylene fibers are blown away from the high-speed directional airflow to the centromere for collection to form the centromere mixed silk wool;步骤5：将着丝板混合丝绵输送至热压辊热压，收卷得到微纳尺度GF、PP复合材料。Step 5: Conveying the mixed silk wool of the centromere to a hot pressing roller for hot pressing, and winding to obtain a micro-nano-scale GF and PP composite material.3.根据权利要求2所述制备微纳尺度GF、PP复合材料的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤2中，将玻璃球干燥加入池窑，熔融后加温至1200-1500℃，形成玻璃熔体。3. The method for preparing micro-nano-scale GF and PP composite materials according to claim 2, wherein in the step 2, the glass balls are dried and added to the kiln, and heated to 1200-1500°C after melting to form glass balls. melt.4.根据权利要求3所述制备微纳尺度GF、PP复合材料的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤3中，单轴双模头离心喷吹设备的模头直径均为5-50cm，转速均为2000-80000r/min。4. The method for preparing micro-nano-scale GF and PP composite materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step 3, the diameter of the uniaxial dual-die centrifugal blowing device is 5-50 cm in diameter, and the rotating speed is 5-50 cm. Both are 2000-80000r/min.5.根据权利要求4所述制备微纳尺度GF、PP复合材料的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤4中，玻璃纤维及聚丙烯纤维通过高速离心风机吹离到着丝板收集。5. The method for preparing micro-nano-scale GF and PP composite materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: in step 4, glass fibers and polypropylene fibers are blown away by a high-speed centrifugal fan to a centromere for collection.6.根据权利要求5所述制备微纳尺度GF、PP复合材料的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤4中，高速离心风机的出口风速为5-50m/s。6 . The method for preparing micro-nano-scale GF and PP composite materials according to claim 5 , wherein in the step 4, the outlet wind speed of the high-speed centrifugal fan is 5-50 m/s. 7 .7.根据权利要求6所述制备微纳尺度GF、PP复合材料的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤5中，热压辊热压的温度为170-200℃。7 . The method for preparing micro-nano-scale GF and PP composite materials according to claim 6 , wherein in the step 5, the temperature of the hot-pressing roller hot-pressing is 170-200°C. 8 .

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