CN112656462A - Pelvis operation retractor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a pelvis operation drag hook, the main body of which is a drag hook, the drag hook comprises a near-end handheld part, a middle part cadre part and a far-end hook part, and the hook part is provided with a limit structure which enables the hook part to be attached to a pelvis and prevents slipping. The invention has the advantages that the invention can better grip the main areas of the pelvis, such as the pubic comb, the arch line, the iliac fossa, the ischium large incisura and the like, and avoid the slip when the hook pulling bone tissues are contacted. The limit structures with different shapes are designed according to the anatomical structures of different areas in the pelvis, so that the hook part of the drag hook can block or be attached to the abnormal anatomical part of the pelvis, and the stability is improved. In addition, the anti-slip groove/hole design is added on the hand-held part, so that the hand-held part is convenient for an operator to hold and prevents slipping in the operation.

Description

Pelvis operation retractor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a non-slip pelvic surgery retractor.

Background

As modern society and transportation are continuously developed, the incidence of pelvic acetabular fracture caused by high-energy injury car accidents and high falling is on the rise. The anatomy of the human pelvis and acetabulum is complex, and many different types of displacement can be generated according to the injury mechanism. Due to the large number of muscle attachments in different directions around the pelvis, surgical exposure and fracture reduction are difficult, especially for old, altered fractures.

In recent years, minimally invasive surgery has been developed rapidly, and requires small surgical incision, short surgical time and less soft tissue injury, so that patients can recover as soon as possible. The above requirements greatly increase the difficulty of the operation, especially when the operation is performed in a visual field with a small incision, which greatly increases the difficulty of the operation.

In view of the above, adequate surgical exposure is important in the growing operation of pelvic acetabular fractures. Meanwhile, in order to better realize the operation under the small incision visual field and realize the minimally invasive operation, innovative improvement needs to be made on the basis of the traditional operation retractor. The hook part of the traditional surgical retractor is a smooth surface, so the traditional surgical retractor is easy to slip when being contacted with bone tissues. The design is a universal design, the pelvis and acetabulum anatomy is difficult to completely fit for the operation of different fracture parts, and a large operation incision is needed for full exposure.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to: the provided pelvis operation drag hook can better grip main areas of pelvis, such as a pubic comb, an arch line, an iliac fossa, a large incisure position of ischium and the like, and avoid slipping when bone tissues of the drag hook are contacted.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a pelvis operation drag hook, its main part isdrag hook 1, anddrag hook 1 includes thehandheld portion 11 of near-end, thecadre 12 of middle part and thehook portion 13 of distal end, andhook portion 13 is equipped with and makes its laminating pelvis and prevent the limit structure of slippage.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the anatomical structures of different areas in the pelvis, limit structures with different shapes are designed, so that the hook part of the drag hook can clamp or attach to the abnormal anatomical part of the pelvis, and the stability is improved.

2. The hook part of partial design has increased the design of guide pin hole, can realize hitting into the guide pin at the operation in-process and carry out interim fixed.

3. The cadre adopts the radian design, is specially designed for different pelvis fractures and surgical approaches, and adapts to the pelvis and acetabulum anatomical structures.

4. The limiting groove is provided, the suction tube is arranged in the limiting groove, and the limiting groove can be connected with negative pressure equipment to suck body fluid, so that the body fluid at the operation position is prevented from blocking the visual field too much.

5. The limiting groove is provided, the light guide pipe is arranged in the limiting groove, the light guide pipe can be connected with an optical fiber cable of an endoscope light source, deeper anatomical parts can be reached under a small incision, and a better visual field is provided for an operator.

6. The drag hook is made of carbon fiber materials, and can realize the light transmission effect in the operation process.

7. The hand-held part is additionally provided with an anti-slip groove/hole design, so that the hand-held part is convenient for an operator to hold and prevents slipping in the operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a single blade in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of two blades in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of portion C of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a side cross-sectional view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of portion D of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of example 2;

FIG. 10 is a side sectional view of embodiment 9;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of example 3;

FIG. 12 is a side cross-sectional view of FIG. 11;

fig. 13 is an enlarged view of a portion E in fig. 12.

FIG. 14 is a view showing the effect of using a single blade in example 1;

FIG. 15 is a graph showing the effect of the double blade unit in example 1;

FIG. 16 is a graph showing the effects of example 2;

FIG. 17 is a graph showing the effects of example 3.

Description of reference numerals: 1 draw hook, 11 hand-held parts, 12 dry parts, 13 hook parts, 41 blade parts, 42 convex edges, 43 guide pin holes, 51 notches, 61 grooves, 611 upper groove walls, 612 lower groove walls, 613 cusps, 71 upper arc-shaped areas, 72 lower arc-shaped areas and 81 limiting grooves.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the following description of the drawings:

as shown in fig. 1-13: a pelvis operation drag hook, its main part isdrag hook 1, anddrag hook 1 includes thehandheld portion 11 of near-end, thecadre 12 of middle part and thehook portion 13 of distal end, andhook portion 13 is equipped with and makes its laminating pelvis and prevent the limit structure of slippage.

By adding the limit structure, the hook part of the drag hook can be ensured to be clamped or attached to the special-shaped anatomical part of the pelvis.

According to the position difference that needs the operation, limit structure has carried out the pertinence design, and according to the scheme of design difference, can extend the following embodiment:

example 1

As shown in fig. 1-8: the limiting structure is ablade part 41 arranged at the far end of thehook part 13 and aconvex edge 42 extending left and right, and theconvex edge 42 is arranged below thehook part 13 and near theblade part 41. The extending direction of the blade in the blade portion is the vertical direction.

One or twoblade parts 41 are arranged, and when oneblade part 41 is arranged, theblade part 41 is arranged in the middle of thehook part 13; when twoblades 41 are provided, the twoblades 41 are arranged in the left-right direction.

The structure may be applied to relatively gentle areas of the pelvis, such as the pubic combs, the iliac fossa, and the like.

The number of blades and the number of rims are adjusted according to the size of the region, and oneblade 41 may be generally provided in case of a pubic comb operation, and twoblades 41 may be generally provided in case of an iliac fossa operation.

If necessary, theconvex edge 42 is provided with at least oneguide pin hole 43 extending in the far and near direction and penetrating therethrough. Temporary fixation may be performed by implanting a lead.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 9-10: the limiting structure is anotch 51 arranged at the far end of thehook part 13, and the outline of thenotch 51 is attached to the anatomical structure of the arch line.

This design is mainly to the fixed of arcuation line, through laminating arcuation line, thereby can increase frictional force and reduce the condition emergence of skidding.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 11-13: the limiting structure is agroove 61 extending left and right at the far end, and the inner contour of thegroove 61 is attached to the anatomical structure at the ischial greater incisura.

This design is mainly fixed to the big incisal notch department of ischium, through the big incisal notch department of laminating ischium, thereby can increase frictional force and reduce the condition emergence of skidding.

The profiles of theupper groove wall 611 and thelower groove wall 612 of thegroove 61 are M-shaped, so that theupper groove wall 611 and thelower groove wall 612 form 2cusps 613 distributed left and right.

Through increasing the tip structure, can guarantee thatrecess 61 and the big incisional wound of ischium coincide under the incomplete condition, grasp with assistance through the tip, improve the grab and hold ability of drag hook, further reduce the possibility of skidding.

The above described stop structure is shown in figures 14-17 for pelvic applications. Wherein fig. 14 is applied to the pubic comb, fig. 15 is applied to the iliac fossa, fig. 16 is applied to the arch line, and fig. 17 is applied to the greater sciatic notch.

In examples 1 to 3, thedry portion 12 is S-shaped; the upper arc-shapedarea 71 of the S-shapedcadre part 12 close to the hand-heldpart 11 has an included angle of 88-112 degrees; the lowerarcuate region 72 of the S-shapedstem 12 adjacent thehook 13 has an included angle of 88-112 degrees; the cadres have different radians and are specially designed for different pelvis fractures and operation approaches, so that the pelvis and acetabulum anatomical structures are adapted. In general design, for operations of a pubic comb, an arch line and an iliac fossa, an included angle between the upper arc-shapedarea 71 and the lower arc-shapedarea 72 can be considered to be 105 degrees plus orminus 1 degree; for surgery at the greater sciatic notch, the angle between the upperarcuate region 71 and the lowerarcuate region 72 may be considered to be 90 ± 2 °.

Further, on the basis of the embodiment 1-3, the upper surface of thedrag hook 1 is provided with alimit groove 81 which has the same extending direction as thedrag hook 1, a suction tube is arranged in thelimit groove 81, and the suction tube can be connected with a negative pressure suction machine to timely treat accumulated liquid and prevent the body fluid of the operation part from blocking the visual field too much.

Further, on the basis of the embodiment 1-3, the upper surface of thedrag hook 1 is provided with a limitinggroove 81 which has the same extending direction as thedrag hook 1, and a light guide pipe is arranged in the limitinggroove 81. Can be connected with the optical fiber cable of the endoscope light source, can reach deeper anatomical parts under a small incision and provides better vision for operators.

It should be noted that theretractor 1 can be made of carbon fiber material, so as to realize light transmission during operation.

When necessary, the hand-heldpart 11 at the near end of thedrag hook 1 can be considered to be added with an anti-slip groove or an anti-slip hole, which is convenient for the operator to hold and prevents the operator from slipping off during the operation.

While the invention has been illustrated and described with respect to specific embodiments and alternatives thereof, it will be understood that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is understood, therefore, that the invention is not to be in any way limited except by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. Pelvic surgery retractor, its characterized in that: the main body of the drag hook is a drag hook (1), the drag hook (1) comprises a near-end handheld part (11), a middle dry part (12) and a far-end hook part (13), and the hook part (13) is provided with a limiting structure which enables the hook part to be attached to the pelvis and prevents the pelvis from slipping.

2. The pelvic surgical retractor according to claim 1, wherein: limiting structure is edge (41) and the protruding edge (42) of controlling to extending that hook portion (13) distal end was equipped with, protruding edge (42) set up in hook portion (13) below, the nearside of edge (41).

3. The pelvic surgical retractor according to claim 2, wherein: one or two blade parts (41) are arranged, and when one blade part (41) is arranged, the blade part (41) is arranged in the middle of the hook part (13); when two blade parts (41) are arranged, the two blade parts (41) are arranged left and right.

4. The pelvic surgical retractor according to claim 1, wherein: the limiting structure is a notch (51) arranged at the far end of the hook part (13), and the outline of the notch (51) is attached to the anatomical structure of the arch line.

5. The pelvic surgical retractor according to claim 1, wherein: the limiting structure is a groove (61) extending left and right at the far end of the limiting structure, and the inner contour of the groove (61) is attached to the anatomical structure at the large sciatic notch.

6. The pelvic surgical retractor according to claim 5, wherein: the profiles of the upper groove wall (611) and the lower groove wall (612) of the groove (61) are both M-shaped, so that the upper groove wall (611) and the lower groove wall (612) form 2 pointed ends (613) which are distributed left and right.

7. The pelvic surgical retractor according to claim 2, wherein: the convex edge (42) is provided with at least one guide pin hole (43) which extends along the far and near direction and penetrates through.

8. The pelvic surgical retractor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the dry part (12) is S-shaped; an upper arcuate region (71) of the S-shaped stem (12) adjacent the hand-held portion (11) at an angle of 88-112 °; a lower arcuate region (72) of the S-shaped stem (12) adjacent the hook (13) at an angle of 88-112 degrees;

9. the pelvic surgical retractor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the upper surface of the draw hook (1) is provided with a limit groove (81) which has the same extending direction with the draw hook (1), and a suction tube is arranged in the limit groove (81).

10. The pelvic surgical retractor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the upper surface of the draw hook (1) is provided with a limit groove (81) which has the same extending direction with the draw hook (1), and a light pipe is arranged in the limit groove (81).

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