CN112542226A - Decision support system for adaptation of rehabilitation aid for patients with limb dysfunction - Google Patents
Decision support system for adaptation of rehabilitation aid for patients with limb dysfunctionDownload PDFInfo
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及智能康复辅具领域，尤其涉及用于肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配的决策支持系统。The invention relates to the field of intelligent rehabilitation aids, in particular to a decision support system for adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction.
背景技术Background technique
第二十八次全国助残日调查显示，我国现有残疾人约8500万，而且人数还在逐年增加。在残障人士的全面康复中，康复辅具适配评估服务是重要的内容之一。这些患者需要配备相应的康复辅具来满足日常学习和工作中的需求。肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具的适配是一个较为复杂的过程，因为每一个患者肢体损伤部位不同，肢体损伤的并发症也不尽相同，不能将所有的情况模式化处理，从而使得传统康复辅具适配模式中的临床医师的工作量加大，康复辅具适配的效率低。所以需要一种智能化的康复辅具适配新模式来改变现状，不仅可以提高辅具适配效率，降低辅具适配过程耗费的成本，还能一定程度上缓解医疗资源分配不均的问题。According to the 28th National Day for the Disabled, there are about 85 million disabled people in my country, and the number is increasing year by year. In the comprehensive rehabilitation of the disabled, the adaptation assessment service of rehabilitation aids is one of the important contents. These patients need to be equipped with corresponding rehabilitation aids to meet the needs of daily study and work. The adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction is a relatively complex process, because each patient has different limb injury sites, and the complications of limb injury are also different. The workload of clinicians in the device adaptation mode increases, and the adaptation efficiency of rehabilitation aids is low. Therefore, a new intelligent rehabilitation aid adaptation mode is needed to change the status quo, which can not only improve the efficiency of aid adaptation, reduce the cost of the adaptation process, but also alleviate the problem of uneven distribution of medical resources to a certain extent. .
随着计算机技术和信息数据化的不断发展，已经有很多种类的临床决策支持系统开发并且投入到医疗领域中。然而目前市面上的这些系统就用途来说大多用于各种疾病的诊断、疾病治疗方案的给出和自主用药的优化，却很少将着重点放在肢体功能障碍患者的康复以及康复辅具适配上。传统的辅具适配模式适配效率低，再加上各地区医疗条件存在差异、部分患者及家属自身康复意识单薄等因素使得实际康复辅具适配率低。With the continuous development of computer technology and information data, many kinds of clinical decision support systems have been developed and put into the medical field. However, these systems currently on the market are mostly used for the diagnosis of various diseases, the giving of disease treatment plans and the optimization of autonomous medication, but they rarely focus on the rehabilitation of patients with limb dysfunction and rehabilitation aids. fit. The traditional assistive device adaptation model has low adaptation efficiency, coupled with differences in medical conditions in various regions, and some patients and their families have weak awareness of their own rehabilitation, which makes the actual rehabilitation assistive device adaptation rate low.
因此，本领域的技术人员致力于开发用于肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配的决策支持系统，填补目前临床决策支持系统未用于患者康复辅具适配上的空白。Therefore, those skilled in the art are devoted to developing a decision support system for the adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction, so as to fill the gap that the current clinical decision support system is not used for the adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
有鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷，本发明所要解决的技术问题是：如何利用计算机技术和信息数据为临床康复医师提供有效的康复辅具适配决策。In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to use computer technology and information data to provide clinical rehabilitation physicians with effective decision-making for the adaptation of rehabilitation aids.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了用于肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配的决策支持系统，包括：交互端和运算器端；所述交互端包括输入模块、处理器、显示模块和发送模块；所述运算器端包括反馈模块、分析模块和临床辅助决策知识库；所述交互端用以临床医师和系统进行交互，录入患者信息并上传至所述运算器端进行处理，所述交互端可显示相应的输出结果；所述运算器端用于储存所有采集的病例数据，对输入的新病例信息进行检索分析，比对以往的病患数据并且根据医师的临床经验做出判定，得出诊断结果并反馈到所述交互端。In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a decision support system for adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction, including: an interactive terminal and an operator terminal; the interactive terminal includes an input module, a processor, a display module and a transmission module The operator end includes a feedback module, an analysis module and a clinical decision-making knowledge base; the interactive end is used for clinicians to interact with the system, input patient information and upload it to the operator end for processing, and the interactive end Corresponding output results can be displayed; the operator end is used to store all the collected case data, retrieve and analyze the input new case information, compare the previous patient data and make a judgment based on the clinical experience of the physician, and obtain Diagnose results and feed back to the interactive end.
进一步地，所述输入模块用以录入病患的基本信息和临床查体信息；所述处理器用以处理所述交互端各个模块的指令；所述显示模块用以接收所述运算器端发来的分析结果，并将诊断出的结果进行显示，辅助医师进行临床决策；所述发送模块用以发送医师录入的病患相关数据至所述运算器端进行处理；所述反馈模块用以将分析模块得出的辅具推荐结果反馈至所述交互端，并将医生调整之后的结果存入到肢体功能障碍患者案例库；所述分析模块用以根据所述交互端传输的病患信息与所述肢体功能障碍患者案例库中的病人数据进行匹配，找出最相似的案例，再根据医师的专业知识对推荐的辅具进行增删，从而获取到更加准确的辅具适配推荐结果；所述临床辅助决策知识库用以储存病患病历信息及病患所进行的康复训练和使用的康复辅具，并存储了有丰富工作经验的临床医师的康复知识，包括各种症状对应的康复训练和康复辅具。Further, the input module is used to input the basic information and clinical examination information of the patient; the processor is used to process the instructions of each module of the interactive terminal; the display module is used to receive the information from the operator terminal. The analysis result is obtained, and the diagnosed result is displayed to assist the physician in clinical decision-making; the sending module is used to send the patient-related data entered by the physician to the computer for processing; the feedback module is used to analyze the The auxiliary device recommendation results obtained by the module are fed back to the interactive terminal, and the results adjusted by the doctor are stored in the case database of patients with limb dysfunction; the analysis module is used to communicate with the patient information transmitted by the interactive terminal The patient data in the case database of patients with limb dysfunction is matched to find the most similar cases, and then the recommended assistive devices are added or deleted according to the professional knowledge of the physician, so as to obtain more accurate assistive device fitting recommendation results; The clinical assistant decision-making knowledge base is used to store the information of the patient's medical record, the rehabilitation training and the rehabilitation aids used by the patient, and the rehabilitation knowledge of the clinician with rich work experience, including the rehabilitation training and the corresponding symptoms of various symptoms. Rehabilitation aids.
进一步地，所述病患病历信息包括肢体功能障碍情况、适配目的、居住环境和空间、肌力异常情况。Further, the medical record information includes limb dysfunction, fit purpose, living environment and space, and abnormal muscle strength.
进一步地，所述肢体功能障碍情况包括ASIA残损指数、四肢肌力、四肢综合表现肌张力。Further, the limb dysfunction conditions include ASIA disability index, limb muscle strength, and limb comprehensive performance muscle tone.
进一步地，所述临床辅助决策知识库包括肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配规则库和肢体功能障碍患者案例库，其中，所述肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配规则库包括康复专业指南规则、专家知识经验、康复辅具适配行业规范；所述肢体功能障碍患者案例库是基于收集到的真实病患数据，利用机器学习算法进行处理的案例数据分析模型的数据库。Further, the clinical assistant decision-making knowledge base includes a rehabilitation aids adaptation rule base for patients with limb dysfunction and a case base for patients with limb dysfunction, wherein the adaptation rule base for rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction includes rehabilitation professional guidelines rules. , expert knowledge and experience, and adaptation of rehabilitation aids to industry norms; the case database of patients with limb dysfunction is a database of case data analysis models processed by machine learning algorithms based on collected real patient data.
进一步地，本发明还提供了用于肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配的辅助决策方法，包括以下步骤：Further, the present invention also provides an auxiliary decision-making method for the adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction, comprising the following steps:
S1、交互端响应临床医师输入的患者查体信息；S1. The interactive terminal responds to the patient's physical examination information input by the clinician;
S2、肢体功能障碍患者病例库更新，对内设模型进行优化；S2. The case database of patients with limb dysfunction is updated, and the built-in model is optimized;
S3、根据病例信息与临床辅助决策知识库进行检索匹配，获取完善的诊断结果；S3. Search and match according to the case information and the clinical auxiliary decision-making knowledge base to obtain perfect diagnosis results;
S4、医师根据交互端显示结果进行修正决策，完成辅具适配推荐。S4. The doctor makes a correction decision according to the result displayed on the interactive terminal, and completes the recommendation for the adaptation of the assistive device.
进一步地，所述步骤S2中，对内设模型算法进行优化是采用主客观结合的权重获取算法，客观权重获取采用熵权法，主观权重获取采用层级分析法，综合计算目标案例录入时每一种特征属性值的权重。Further, in the step S2, the built-in model algorithm is optimized by adopting a combination of subjective and objective weight acquisition algorithm, the objective weight is obtained by the entropy weight method, the subjective weight is obtained by the hierarchical analysis method, and each target case is comprehensively calculated. The weight of the feature attribute value.
进一步地，本发明还提供了用于肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配的决策支持系统使用方法，包括以下步骤：信息采集单元、辅具适配方案形成单元和决策确认单元。Further, the present invention also provides a method for using a decision support system for adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction, including the following steps: an information collection unit, an aid adaptation scheme forming unit, and a decision confirmation unit.
进一步地，所述信息采集单元包括以下步骤：功能障碍患者基本信息及查体信息，根据患者病情选择实际需求，根据实际需求选择辅具种类。Further, the information collection unit includes the following steps: basic information and physical examination information of the functionally impaired patient, selecting actual needs according to the patient's condition, and selecting the type of assistive device according to the actual needs.
进一步地，所述辅具适配方案形成单元包括以下步骤，将采集到的新病患的病例信息首先与肢体功能障碍患者案例库中的案例进行匹配检索，计算两者之间的相似度，选择相似度最高的进行推荐；然后根据规则库中预设的规则对上一步康复辅具的推荐结果进行补充排除，形成较为完善的康复辅具适配方案，供医师进行决策确认。Further, the auxiliary device adaptation scheme forming unit includes the following steps, firstly performing matching retrieval between the collected case information of the new patient and the case in the case database of patients with limb dysfunction, and calculating the similarity between the two, Select the one with the highest similarity for recommendation; then, according to the preset rules in the rule base, supplement and exclude the recommended results of the previous rehabilitation aids to form a relatively complete rehabilitation aid adaptation plan for the physician to make decision-making confirmation.
与现有技术相比，本发明至少具有如下有益技术效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention at least has the following beneficial technical effects:
本发明设计的用于肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配的辅助决策系统，能够填补目前临床决策支持系统未用于患者康复辅具适配上的空白，改变了传统辅具适配模式，提高辅具适配效率；通过在收集的肢体功能障碍患者案例库中检索匹配，并结合临床专家的工作经验，从而获得更加准确完善的辅助决策信息，来减少康复医师的工作量，提高整个辅具适配流程的效率，还能够缓解全国范围内康复医师分布不均的问题，进而提高康复辅具适配率。The auxiliary decision-making system for the adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction designed by the present invention can fill the gap that the current clinical decision support system is not used for the adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients, changes the traditional aids adaptation mode, and improves the Assistive device adaptation efficiency; by searching and matching in the collected case database of patients with limb dysfunction, combined with the work experience of clinical experts, more accurate and complete auxiliary decision-making information can be obtained, which can reduce the workload of rehabilitation physicians and improve the overall assistive device. The efficiency of the adaptation process can also alleviate the problem of uneven distribution of rehabilitation physicians across the country, thereby improving the adaptation rate of rehabilitation aids.
以下将结合附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说明，以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。The concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的用于肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配的决策支持系统的模块示意图；Fig. 1 is the module schematic diagram of the decision support system for the adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction according to the present invention;
图2是本发明的用于肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配的辅助决策方法的流程图；Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the auxiliary decision-making method for the adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction according to the present invention;
图3是本发明的临床辅助决策知识库的组织架构示意图；Fig. 3 is the organizational structure schematic diagram of the clinical assistant decision-making knowledge base of the present invention;
图4是本发明的用于肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配的决策支持系统的逻辑结构；Fig. 4 is the logical structure of the decision support system for the adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction according to the present invention;
图5是本发明的信息采集单元的逻辑结构；Fig. 5 is the logical structure of the information acquisition unit of the present invention;
图6是本发明的辅具适配方案形成单元的逻辑结构。FIG. 6 is the logical structure of the auxiliary device adaptation solution forming unit of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下参考说明书附图介绍本发明的优选实施例，使其技术内容更加清楚和便于理解。本发明可以通过许多不同形式的实施例来得以体现，本发明的保护范围并非仅限于文中提到的实施例。The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to make its technical content clearer and easier to understand. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms of embodiments, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned herein.
在附图中，结构相同的部件以相同数字标号表示，各处结构或功能相似的组件以相似数字标号表示。附图所示的每一组件的尺寸和厚度是任意示出的，本发明并没有限定每个组件的尺寸和厚度。为了使图示更清晰，附图中有些地方适当夸大了部件的厚度。In the drawings, structurally identical components are denoted by the same numerals, and structurally or functionally similar components are denoted by like numerals throughout. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown, and the present invention does not limit the size and thickness of each component. In order to make the illustration clearer, the thicknesses of components are appropriately exaggerated in some places in the drawings.
实施例1Example 1
为了说明本发明设计的肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配的辅助决策系统，图1示出了系统包括交互端A和运算器端B。其中，交互端A包括输入模块A1、处理器A2、显示模块A3和发送模块A4；运算器端B包括反馈模块B1、分析模块B2和临床辅助决策知识库B3。In order to illustrate the auxiliary decision-making system for adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction designed in the present invention, FIG. 1 shows that the system includes an interactive end A and an operator end B. Wherein, the interactive end A includes an input module A1, a processor A2, a display module A3 and a sending module A4; the operator end B includes a feedback module B1, an analysis module B2 and a clinical auxiliary decision knowledge base B3.
交互端A用以临床医师和系统进行交互，录入患者信息并上传至运算器端B进行处理，交互端A可显示相应的输出结果；其中，The interactive terminal A is used for the interaction between the clinician and the system, and the patient information is entered and uploaded to the computing terminal B for processing, and the interactive terminal A can display the corresponding output results; among them,
输入模块A1：用以录入病患的基本信息和临床查体信息；Input module A1: used to input the basic information and clinical examination information of the patient;
处理器A2：用以处理交互端A各个模块的指令；Processor A2: used to process the instructions of each module of the interactive terminal A;
显示模块A3：用以接收运算器端B发来的分析结果，将诊断出的结果进行显示，辅助医师进行临床决策；Display module A3: used to receive the analysis results sent by the calculator terminal B, display the diagnosed results, and assist physicians in making clinical decisions;
发送模块A4：用以发送医师录入的病患相关数据至运算器端B进行处理。Sending module A4: used to send the patient-related data entered by the doctor to the computer terminal B for processing.
运算器端B：用于储存所有采集的病例数据，对输入的新病例信息进行检索分析，比对以往的病患数据并且根据医师的临床经验做出判定，得出诊断结果并反馈到交互端A。其中，Calculator side B: used to store all the collected case data, retrieve and analyze the input new case information, compare the previous patient data and make a judgment based on the clinical experience of the physician, obtain the diagnosis result and feed it back to the interactive side A. in,
反馈模块B1：用以将分析模块得出的辅具推荐结果反馈至交互端A，并将医生调整之后的结果存入到肢体功能障碍患者案例库；Feedback module B1: used to feed back the recommended results of the assistive device obtained by the analysis module to the interactive terminal A, and store the results adjusted by the doctor into the case database of patients with limb dysfunction;
分析模块B2：用以根据交互端A传输的病患信息与肢体功能障碍患者案例库中的病人数据进行匹配，找出最相似的案例，再根据医师的专业知识对推荐的辅具进行增删，从而获取到更加准确的辅具推荐结果；Analysis module B2: It is used to match the patient information transmitted by the interactive terminal A with the patient data in the case database of patients with limb dysfunction, find the most similar cases, and then add or delete the recommended assistive devices according to the professional knowledge of doctors. In order to obtain more accurate auxiliary device recommendation results;
临床辅助决策知识库B3：用以储存病患病历信息及他们所进行的康复训练和使用的康复辅具，还存储了有丰富工作经验的临床医师的康复知识，包括各种症状对应的康复训练和康复辅具。Clinical auxiliary decision-making knowledge base B3: It is used to store the information of patients' medical records and their rehabilitation training and rehabilitation aids used. It also stores the rehabilitation knowledge of clinicians with rich work experience, including rehabilitation training corresponding to various symptoms. and rehabilitation aids.
如图1所示，交互端A中，处理器A2与输入模块A1、显示模块A3和发送模块A4电性相连。运算器端B中，分析模块B2和反馈模块B1、临床辅助决策知识库B3电性相连。设置交互端A和运算器端B的端口相同且对接。As shown in FIG. 1 , in the interactive terminal A, the processor A2 is electrically connected to the input module A1 , the display module A3 and the sending module A4 . In the computer terminal B, the analysis module B2 is electrically connected with the feedback module B1 and the clinical auxiliary decision knowledge base B3. Set the ports of the interactive terminal A and the computing terminal B to be the same and connected.
如图1所示，本发明实施例运算器端B在系统应用初期可以是每个用户主机自带的数据服务系统。后期可以建立区域性的云平台，将一个区域所有医院康复科和康复机构数据集中，扩大数据量就能进一步提高诊断结果的推荐水平。As shown in FIG. 1 , the computing unit B in the embodiment of the present invention may be a data service system provided by each user host at the initial stage of system application. In the later stage, a regional cloud platform can be established to centralize the data of rehabilitation departments and rehabilitation institutions of all hospitals in a region, and expanding the amount of data can further improve the recommendation level of diagnosis results.
如图1所示，本发明实施例中，用户在交互端A中输入数据后，处理器A2发出指令，将数据发送运算器端B中的临床辅助决策知识库进行存储。同时该病历数据会由分析模块B2进行数据化处理便于计算机系统识别；最后将结果由反馈模块B1反馈到交互端A，由处理器A2处理发送指令到显示模块A3进行显示。As shown in FIG. 1 , in the embodiment of the present invention, after the user inputs data in the interactive terminal A, the processor A2 issues an instruction to send the data to the clinical assistant decision knowledge base in the computing terminal B for storage. At the same time, the medical record data will be processed by the analysis module B2 to facilitate computer system identification; finally, the results will be fed back to the interactive terminal A by the feedback module B1, and the processor A2 will process and send instructions to the display module A3 for display.
实施例2Example 2
如图2所示，本发明的一种用于肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配的辅助决策方法的流程示意图，是图1所示系统的进一步说明。包括如下步骤：As shown in FIG. 2 , a schematic flowchart of an auxiliary decision-making method for adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction according to the present invention is a further description of the system shown in FIG. 1 . It includes the following steps:
S1、交互端A响应临床医师输入的患者查体信息。S1. The interactive terminal A responds to the patient's physical examination information input by the clinician.
临床医师在交互端A的输入模块A1中根据病人输入其基本信息，还有部分医疗诊断信息，包括：肢体功能障碍情况、适配目的、居住环境和空间、肌力异常情况等信息。In the input module A1 of the interactive terminal A, the clinician inputs the basic information of the patient according to the patient, as well as some medical diagnosis information, including: limb dysfunction, adaptation purpose, living environment and space, abnormal muscle strength and other information.
S2、将患者的基本信息及查体信息录入肢体功能障碍患者案例库进行更新，对内设模型算法进行优化。S2. Enter the patient's basic information and physical examination information into the case database of patients with limb dysfunction for updating, and optimize the built-in model algorithm.
在本发明的一个实施例中，临床医师输入患者信息后会录入到肢体功能障碍患者案例库，并且将最后将康复医师修正后的康复辅具适配的结果同步录入肢体功能障碍患者案例库中，构建实时更新的案例库，肢体功能障碍患者案例库的更新会使得其中各个特征属性的权重重新进行计算，熵权法所计算的客观权重将会改变。所以随着病例数据的数量和覆盖度的增加，系统推荐出来的康复辅具和康复训练项目也就越准确。In one embodiment of the present invention, after the clinician inputs the patient information, it will be entered into the case database of patients with limb dysfunction, and the result of the adaptation of rehabilitation aids revised by the rehabilitation physician will be synchronously entered into the case database of patients with limb dysfunction. , to build a real-time updated case database. The update of the case database of patients with limb dysfunction will cause the weight of each feature attribute to be recalculated, and the objective weight calculated by the entropy weight method will change. Therefore, with the increase in the number and coverage of case data, the more accurate the rehabilitation aids and rehabilitation training items recommended by the system will be.
S3、根据病例信息与临床辅助决策知识库中信息进行检索匹配优化，获取完善的诊断结果分析。S3. According to the case information and the information in the clinical auxiliary decision-making knowledge base, search and match are optimized to obtain a complete analysis of the diagnosis results.
由交互端A传输的病人数据，会在肢体功能障碍患者案例库中进行检索，计算目标案例数据与肢体功能障碍患者案例库中数据的相似度，选择相似度最高的进行推荐；但这不是最终康复辅具适配方案，由此检索出的结果会根据专家及临床医师的经验所构成的肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配规则库进一步筛选和补充。然后将完善的诊断方案反馈回交互端A的显示模块A3。The patient data transmitted by the interactive terminal A will be retrieved in the case database of patients with limb dysfunction, the similarity between the target case data and the data in the case database of patients with limb dysfunction will be calculated, and the one with the highest similarity will be selected for recommendation; this is not the final Rehabilitation aids adaptation scheme, the retrieved results will be further screened and supplemented based on the experience of experts and clinicians in the rehabilitation aids adaptation rule base for patients with limb dysfunction. Then, the perfect diagnosis scheme is fed back to the display module A3 of the interactive terminal A.
S4、医师根据交互端A的显示结果进行相应调整，完成整个辅具适配流程。S4. The doctor makes corresponding adjustments according to the display results of the interactive terminal A, and completes the entire assistive device adaptation process.
临床医师可以根据结果选择全部采纳建议，或者做出修正。当确定康复诊断方案无误后，该方案会同步更新到肢体功能障碍患者案例库形成一个新的完整案例。整个报告可以选择打印完成最后的操作。Clinicians can choose to adopt the recommendations in their entirety, or make amendments, depending on the results. When it is determined that the rehabilitation diagnosis plan is correct, the plan will be synchronously updated to the case database of patients with limb dysfunction to form a new complete case. The entire report can optionally be printed to complete the final operation.
在本发明的实施例中，临床辅助决策知识库包括了肢体功能障碍患者案例库和肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配规则库，如图3所示。In the embodiment of the present invention, the clinical auxiliary decision-making knowledge base includes a case base for patients with limb dysfunction and a rule base for adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction, as shown in FIG. 3 .
其中，肢体功能障碍患者案例库主要是根据收集到的病患病例，将其病历信息进行数据化处理成计算机易识别和操作的数据类型。当有新的数据需要处理时，会先和肢体功能障碍患者案例库中的数据进行特征属性的相似性计算，再根据熵权法和主观权重结合进行权重加成，最后采纳相似度最高的。Among them, the case database of patients with limb dysfunction is mainly based on the collected patient cases, and their medical record information is digitized into data types that can be easily identified and manipulated by computers. When new data needs to be processed, the similarity calculation of feature attributes will be carried out with the data in the case database of patients with limb dysfunction, and then the weight addition will be carried out according to the combination of the entropy weight method and the subjective weight, and finally the one with the highest similarity will be adopted.
肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配规则库主要是基于康复专业指南规则、专家知识经验和康复辅具适配行业规范。肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配规则库中的规则都是具有对应性的，即if-then的规则模式。例如患者截瘫在移动类康复辅具上就只能选择轮椅，如果条件更为具体则辅具类型也就更为细化。例如患者不仅仅截瘫，居家环境为无电梯的楼房就只能选择轻型轮椅，如果是平房或者有电梯设备的楼房就可以选择电动轮椅更加便捷。这些知识条目都是根据权威指南和专家经验等知识建立的肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配规则库，来进一步保证推荐决策的完善性和准确性。The rule base for the adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction is mainly based on professional guidelines for rehabilitation, expert knowledge and experience, and industry norms for adaptation of rehabilitation aids. The rules in the adaptation rule base of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction are all corresponding, that is, the rule pattern of if-then. For example, paraplegic patients can only choose wheelchairs for mobile rehabilitation aids. If the conditions are more specific, the types of aids will be more refined. For example, the patient is not only paraplegic, but also can only choose a light wheelchair if the home environment is a building without elevators. If it is a bungalow or a building with elevator equipment, it is more convenient to choose an electric wheelchair. These knowledge items are based on authoritative guidelines and expert experience and other knowledge to establish the adaptation rule base of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction, to further ensure the completeness and accuracy of recommendation decisions.
目前，本发明的肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配规则库所设立的所有规则都是预先设定在系统中。当然，也可以在系统增设功能通过交互端A的交互界面设置新的规则条目，对系统旧的规则设定也可以进行修改。At present, all the rules established by the adaptation rule base of the rehabilitation aid for patients with limb dysfunction of the present invention are preset in the system. Of course, new rule entries can also be set in the system addition function through the interactive interface of the interactive terminal A, and the old rule settings of the system can also be modified.
从上述实施例中可以看出，本发明不仅利用收集到的众多病例组成肢体功能障碍患者案例库通过机器学习的方法去处理新的病历信息，来达到康复辅具适配方案的推荐；还提供富有专家经验的肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配规则库给出综合性的决策建议，提高了康复科室和康复机构的临床医师工作效率，强化了部分临床医师的业务能力水平。此外，本发明还能应用于康复临床医师匮乏的地区和医院，缓解我国医疗人才分布不均导致的医疗压力，从而进一步提高我国康复辅具适配率。It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present invention not only uses the collected cases to form a case database of patients with limb dysfunction to process new medical record information by means of machine learning, so as to achieve the recommendation of the adaptation scheme of rehabilitation aids; it also provides The expert-experienced rule base for the adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction provides comprehensive decision-making suggestions, which improves the work efficiency of clinicians in rehabilitation departments and rehabilitation institutions, and strengthens the professional ability of some clinicians. In addition, the present invention can also be applied to areas and hospitals where rehabilitation clinicians are scarce, so as to relieve the medical pressure caused by uneven distribution of medical talents in my country, thereby further improving the adaptation rate of rehabilitation aids in my country.
实施例3Example 3
如图4所示，本发明提供的一种用于肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配的辅助决策支持系统300，包括了信息采集单元301、辅具适配方案形成单元302和决策确认单元303。As shown in FIG. 4 , an auxiliary decision support system 300 for adaptation of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction provided by the present invention includes an
其中信息采集单元301如图5所示，是用于采集录入病患待检索匹配的基本信息及查体信息，便于进一步在临床辅助决策知识库中进行检索匹配，找出与此病例最相似的过往案例，做出有针对性的辅具适配方案。首先录入病患的基本信息及查体信息包括但不限于肢体功能障碍情况、适配目的、居住环境和空间、肌力异常情况等。医师根据患者病情选择实际需求，包括生活、学习及工作上的需求，并根据这些具体的需求选择辅具种类。The
辅具适配方案形成单元302如图6所示，将采集到的新病患的病例信息首先与肢体功能障碍患者案例库中的案例进行匹配检索，计算两者之间的相似度，选择相似度最高的进行推荐；然后根据规则库中预设的规则对上一步康复辅具的推荐结果进行补充排除。最终形成较为完善的康复辅具适配方案，供医师作出决策。The assistive device adaptation scheme forming unit 302, as shown in FIG. 6, firstly performs matching retrieval between the collected case information of the new patient and the cases in the case database of patients with limb dysfunction, calculates the similarity between the two, and selects the similar The highest degree is recommended; then the recommended results of the previous rehabilitation aids are supplemented and excluded according to the preset rules in the rule base. Finally, a relatively complete rehabilitation aid adaptation plan is formed for doctors to make decisions.
实施例4Example 4
在本发明的一个具体实施例中，临床医师在交互端A的输入模块A1中录入病患的基本信息和病历信息。其中，病历信息包括肢体功能障碍情况、适配目的、居住环境和空间、肌力异常情况等。这些信息都是需要录入肢体功能障碍患者案例库中数据化处理后进行相应的计算，并且针对某些特别的属性还会在肢体功能障碍患者康复辅具适配规则库中找到对应的规则，来推荐合适的康复辅具。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the clinician enters the basic information and medical record information of the patient in the input module A1 of the interactive terminal A. Among them, the medical record information includes limb dysfunction, adaptation purpose, living environment and space, abnormal muscle strength, etc. All these information need to be entered into the case database of patients with limb dysfunction and then calculated accordingly, and for some special attributes, the corresponding rules will be found in the adaptation rule library of rehabilitation aids for patients with limb dysfunction, to Appropriate rehabilitation aids are recommended.
将所有信息录入到运算器端B后，点击分析就会触发指令让运算器端B的分析模块B2开始工作。例如，一名患者的肢体损伤情况是截瘫，双下肢肌力为0，所以移动类辅具肯定不能推荐助行器和拐杖，只能推荐轮椅类。考虑到他居家环境是有电梯的楼房且家庭空间轮椅通行无碍，就首先推荐电动轮椅，更加方便。该患者存在二便功能异常问题和褥疮问题，系统会进行判定选择推荐防压疮坐垫。系统考虑到该患者截瘫情况会推荐理疗的康复训练方案；为预防长期卧床的并发症，推荐电动起立床康复训练项目，辅助患者进行站立训练；结合康复踏车和PT康复训练来帮助该病患在下肢瘫痪的情况依然能够运动起来，防止肌肉萎缩和减轻瘫痪症状。After all the information is entered into the calculator side B, clicking the analysis will trigger the instruction to make the analysis module B2 of the calculator side B start working. For example, a patient's limb injury is paraplegia, and the muscle strength of both lower limbs is 0, so mobility aids must not be recommended for walkers and crutches, but only wheelchairs. Considering that his home environment is a building with an elevator and the family space is wheelchair-friendly, he recommends an electric wheelchair first, which is more convenient. The patient has abnormal fecal function problems and pressure ulcers, and the system will determine and recommend a pressure ulcer prevention cushion. Taking into account the patient's paraplegia, the system will recommend a physiotherapy rehabilitation training program; in order to prevent the complications of long-term bedridden, the system recommends an electric standing bed rehabilitation training program to assist the patient in standing training; combine rehabilitation treadmill and PT rehabilitation training to help the patient In the case of paralysis of the lower limbs, it is still possible to exercise, prevent muscle atrophy and reduce the symptoms of paralysis.
与现有技术相比，本发明通过在收集的肢体功能障碍患者案例库中检索匹配，并结合临床专家的工作经验，从而获得更加准确完善的辅助决策信息，来减少康复医师的工作量，提高整个辅具适配流程的效率，还能够缓解全国范围内康复医师分布不均的问题，进而提高康复辅具适配率。本发明为医学领域的广泛应用为康复辅具的适配提供了一个崭新的思路Compared with the prior art, the present invention obtains more accurate and complete auxiliary decision-making information by retrieving and matching in the collected case database of patients with limb dysfunction and combining with the working experience of clinical experts, thereby reducing the workload of rehabilitation physicians and improving the quality of life. The efficiency of the entire assistive device adaptation process can also alleviate the problem of uneven distribution of rehabilitation physicians across the country, thereby improving the adaptation rate of rehabilitation assistive devices. The invention provides a new idea for the adaptation of rehabilitation aids for wide application in the medical field
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that many modifications and changes can be made according to the concept of the present invention by those skilled in the art without creative efforts. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art according to the concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims.
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