Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is specifically described below by combining the embodiment and the attached drawings.
< example 1>
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a flow channel membrane reactor in example 1 of this invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a flow-channel membrane reactor 100 comprising:anode strip 10,anode gasket 20,anode electrode 30,anode ring gasket 40,ion exchange membrane 50,cathode ring gasket 60,cathode electrode 70,cathode gasket 80,cathode strip 90, a pair ofpower sockets 110, and eight bolt assemblies (not shown).
Fig. 2 is a front view of the anode sheet in example 1 of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a back view of the anode sheet in example 1 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2-3, theanode sheet 10 is rectangular and made of titanium-nickel alloy, four corners of the anode sheet are provided with chamfers, the edges of the anode sheet are uniformly provided with 8bolt holes 11 and 1reserved screw hole 17 for connecting a fixed power socket, and the middle of the anode sheet is provided with two through holes, namely ananode medium inlet 12 and ananode medium outlet 13. One surface of theanode sheet 10 is provided with amounting groove 14 for mounting thepower socket 110 at a position close to the edge, themounting groove 14 has a screw thread therein, and the other surface is provided with ananode reaction tank 115 and an anodeannular groove 16 formed outside theanode reaction tank 115 and surrounding theanode reaction tank 115 by one circle.
In this embodiment, theanode reaction tank 115 has a serpentine flow channel.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a flow channel in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 4, the anode reaction tank of this embodiment is aserpentine flow channel 115, and one end of theserpentine flow channel 115 is provided with ananode medium inlet 112, and the other end is provided with ananode medium outlet 113.
The width of the snake-shaped flow channel 115 is 0.7-1 mm, the total length is 22-1250 mm, the length a of the whole snake-shaped flow channel area is 0.4-40cm, and the width b is 0.4-40 cm. In this embodiment, the serpentine flow channel 215 has a width of 1mm, a total length of 1000mm, a length a of 20cm and a width b of 20 cm.
Theanode gasket 20 is rectangular and is laid on theanode reaction tank 115, in this embodiment, theanode gasket 20 is made of PTEF material.
Ananode electrode 30 is disposed above theanode pad 20 for supporting an anode catalyst, and in this embodiment, theanode electrode 30 is in the form of a sheet with a small thickness and supports an OER catalyst (an electrocatalytic oxidation catalyst, in this embodiment, IrO)2-TiO2)。
Theanode ring gasket 40 is embedded in theanode ring groove 16, and the size of theanode ring gasket 40 is matched with that of theanode ring groove 16. Theanode ring gasket 40 serves to prevent the anode raw material in the gas phase from escaping from theanode reaction tank 15.
Theion exchange membrane 50 is laid on the anode ring-shapedgasket 40, and specifically, in the embodiment, the material of the ion exchange membrane is 15-100 cm in size2Commercial ion exchange membranes (e.g., Fumasep from Fuma corporation)TMA series of anion exchange membranes or a Nafion series of proton exchange membranes from Dupont).
The structure of thecathode strip 90 is identical to that of theanode strip 10, specifically, thecathode strip 90 is rectangular and made of titanium-nickel alloy, four corners of the cathode strip are provided with chamfers, the edges of the cathode strip are evenly provided with 8 bolt holes, the middle of the cathode strip is provided with two through holes, and the cathode strip is respectively a cathode medium inlet and a cathode medium outlet. One surface of thecathode sheet 90 is provided with an installation groove for installing thepower socket 110 at a position close to the edge, and the middle part of the other surface is provided with a cathode reaction tank and a cathode annular groove formed outside the cathode reaction tank and surrounding the cathode reaction tank for a circle. In this embodiment, the flow channels on thecathode sheet 90 may be identical to the flow channels on theanode sheet 10, and in other embodiments, the flow channels on thecathode sheet 90 may be different from the flow channels on theanode sheet 10.
Thecathode gasket 80 is rectangular and is laid over thecathode reaction tank 115, and in this embodiment, thecathode gasket 20 is made of PTEF material.
Thecathode electrode 70 is disposed above thecathode pad 20 to support a cathode catalyst, and in this embodiment, thecathode electrode 30 is in the form of a sheet having a small thickness and supports a CRR catalyst (an electrocatalytic reduction catalyst, in this embodiment, 5 wt% Cu/C).
Cathodeannular gasket 60 is embedded in the cathode annular groove and the size of cathodeannular gasket 40 matches that of cathodeannular groove 16. The cathodeannular gasket 40 serves to prevent the cathode raw material in the gas phase from escaping from thecathode reaction tank 115.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, thecathode ring gasket 60, thecathode electrode 70, thecathode gasket 80, and thecathode sheet 90 are disposed symmetrically with theanode sheet 10, theanode gasket 20, theanode electrode 30, and theanode ring gasket 40 along theion exchange membrane 50.
A pair ofpower sockets 110 are respectively installed in the installation grooves of thecathode sheet 90 and theanode sheet 10 by bolts.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical outlet in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 5, eachpower receptacle 110 includes a mountingtab 111 and a mountingbarrel 112.
The mountingpiece 111 is formed in a sheet shape and has a through hole corresponding to the size of the mounting groove, through which a bolt passes to fix thepower socket 110 to theanode sheet 10 or thecathode sheet 90.
The mountingtube 112 is cylindrical, and has a circular hole in the middle thereof, and is vertically fixed on one surface of the mountingplate 111, and the circular hole in the middle of the mountingtube 112 is used for inserting a power plug.
Eight bolt assemblies are used to pass through the bolt holes on thecathode sheets 90 and theanode sheets 10, respectively, to secure the entire flowchannel membrane reactor 100.
In this embodiment, each bolt assembly includes a screw, two stainless steel flat washers, an insulating shoulder washer, an insulating tube, and a nut.
The assembly method of the flowchannel membrane reactor 100 provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:
s1, vertically placing theanode plate 10, sequentially penetrating a stainless steel flat washer, an insulating shoulder washer and an insulating tube into screws, penetrating the screws penetrating the washers and the insulating tube into the middle bolt holes 11 of theanode plate 10 from outside to inside, and repeating the steps for all eight bolt assemblies;
s2, flattening theanode plate 10 with the bolts, enabling the screws of all the bolts to face upwards, enabling the reaction flow channel to face upwards and be exposed outside, placing the anodeannular gasket 40 into the anodeannular groove 16 on theanode plate 10, sequentially placing theanode gasket 20, theanode electrode 30 loaded with the catalyst, theion exchange membrane 50, thecathode gasket 80, thecathode electrode 70 loaded with the catalyst and the cathode sheet 90 (one side with the reaction flow channel faces downwards, and all eight bolts pass through the bolt holes), inserting a metal flat washer and a metal hexagon nut into the eight bolts, and finally fixing the eight bolt combinations according to the diagonal sequence by using a digital torque wrench and an inner hexagon wrench;
and S3, respectively installing the twopower sockets 110 on the installation grooves of theanode sheet 10 and thecathode sheet 90 through bolts, and thus obtaining the assembled flowchannel membrane reactor 100.
The method of using the flowchannel membrane reactor 100 provided by this embodiment includes the following steps:
s1, inserting an anode raw material access pipe into theanode medium inlet 12, inserting an anode product discharge pipe into theanode medium outlet 13, inserting a cathode raw material access pipe into the cathode medium inlet, and inserting a cathode product discharge pipe into the cathode medium outlet;
s2, inserting the anode constant voltage power supply into thepower socket 110 on theanode strip 10 and inserting the cathode constant voltage power supply into thepower socket 110 on thecathode strip 90;
s3, turning on a power switch, and simultaneously introducing the anode raw material and the cathode raw material into the flowchannel membrane reactor 100 to start the reaction.
< example 2>
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an anode sheet of a flow-channel membrane reactor in example 2 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 6, this embodiment provides a flow channel membrane reactor having substantially the same structure as the flow channel membrane reactor of embodiment 1 except that the anode reaction channels of the anode sheet 210 are different from the cathode reaction channels of the cathode sheet.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a flow channel in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 7, theanode reaction tank 211 in this embodiment is a rectangular cross-shaped reaction flow channel. The channel shaped like a Chinese character 'jing' is a channel formed in the anode reaction tank by uniformly forming a plurality of square protrusions arranged in a matrix, wherein ananode medium inlet 212 and ananode medium outlet 213 are respectively provided at both ends of a diagonal line of the reaction channel. The distance between two adjacent square bulges is 0.7-1 mm, and the size of each square bulge is 5-9 mm2The length a of the whole groined flow passage area is 0.4-40cm, and the width b is 0.4-40 cm.
In the present embodiment, the distance between two adjacent square protrusions is 1mm, and the size of each square protrusion is 9mm2The length a of the whole # -shaped flow channel area is 20cm, and the width b is 20 cm.
The cathode reaction chamber on the cathode plate is identical to theanode reaction chamber 211, and will not be described herein.
The method of assembling and the method of using the flow channel membrane reactor in this embodiment are also exactly the same as the flowchannel membrane reactor 100 in embodiment 1.
< example 3>
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an anode sheet of a flow-channel membrane reactor in example 3 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 8, this embodiment provides a flow channel membrane reactor having substantially the same structure as the flow channel membrane reactor of embodiment 1 except that the anode reaction channels of theanode sheet 310 are different from the cathode reaction channels of the cathode sheet.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a flow channel in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 7, theanode reaction tank 311 of the present embodiment is a rectangular spiral flow channel, and one end of the rectangularspiral flow channel 311 is provided with ananode medium inlet 312, and the other end is provided with ananode medium outlet 313. The width of the rectangularspiral flow channel 311 is 0.7-1 mm, the total length is 22-1250 mm, the length a of the whole rectangular spiral flow channel is 0.4-40cm, and the width b is 0.4-40 cm.
In this embodiment, the width of the rectangularspiral flow channel 311 is 1mm, the total length is 1000mm, the length a of the whole rectangular spiral flow channel is 20cm, and the width b is 20 cm.
The cathode reaction tank on the cathode plate is completely the same as the anode reaction tank, and the description is omitted.
The method of assembling and the method of using the flow channel membrane reactor in this embodiment are also exactly the same as the flowchannel membrane reactor 100 in embodiment 1.
< test example >
The flow channel membrane reactor provided in examples 1 to 3 was tested by the following method: using 1mol/L KOH solution as anode raw material, leading in CO with the flow rate of 50mL/min and carrying out moisture treatment2The gas was used as a cathode material, the flow rate of the gas was 30ml/min, the reaction voltage was 2.8V, the product current density of the flow-channel membrane reactor provided in examples 1-3 was measured by an online gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detection method, and the yield and conversion rate were calculated.
The test results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 table of current density, yield and conversion test results of flow channel membrane reactor
As shown in Table 1, the flow channel membrane reactor provided in examples 1 to 3 can realize a low driving voltage ((C))<3V), single electric pile 300mA/cm2The current density of the alcohol product and the yield of the carbon dioxide converted into the alcohol product with high added value can reach 1000 mu mol h-1cm-2The single channel conversion efficiency reached 60%, and further experiments confirmed that examples 1-3 provided a flow channel membrane reactor with no current and conversion decay over 1000 hours.
< comparative example >
The same test materials and conditions are tested by adopting the traditional no-flow-channel H-type diaphragm electrolytic cell and the common flow type electrolytic cell.
H-type diaphragm electrolytic cell: 2.8V, total current density 10mA/cm2,CO2The yield of reducing alcohols is 13.6 mu mol.h-1·cm-2The conversion rate is 5 percent;
general flow-type electrolytic cell: 2.8V, total current density 60mA/cm2,CO2The yield of reducing alcohols is 160 mu mol.h-1·cm-2The conversion was 18%.
Effects and effects of the embodiments
According to the flow channel membrane reactor related to the embodiment, because the anode sheet and the cathode sheet are provided with the flow channels, the flow channel membrane reactor provided by the embodiment can realize efficient gas-liquid management so as to effectively realize large-scale application of carbon dioxide reduction.
Furthermore, because the outer sides of the flow channels are all annularly provided with the annular grooves and the annular gaskets are arranged in the annular grooves, the gas (whether the raw material or the product) can be well prevented from escaping in the reaction process.
Further, because a power socket is also arranged, the power connector can be conveniently inserted into the flow channel membrane reactor and can be kept stable in the whole reaction process.
The above embodiments are preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.