CN112516782A - Dry-type deacidification dust collector of flue gas - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本申请公开了一种烟气干式脱酸除尘装置，包括内筒、外筒和集灰装置，所述内筒套设在所述外筒内；所述外筒的顶端与内筒的侧壁连接；所述内筒与所述外筒形成的环形空间与所述内筒内部的空间通过所述内筒的底端和所述外筒的底端连通；位于所述外筒外部的所述内筒设置有气体入口和加药口；所述集灰装置位于所述外筒的下端，所述集灰装置与所述外筒形成密闭空间；所述外筒的出风口设置于所述内筒的底端的上方；所述环形空间中设置有除尘滤袋，所述气体入口进入的气体经过所述除尘滤袋后从所述出风口排出。本申请通过一体化集成布置，通过独特的内部结构分腔设计与进出口布置位置，改变气体流向，实现均匀布气，流程短，设备少，效率高，除尘效果好。

The application discloses a flue gas dry deacidification and dust removal device, comprising an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder and an ash collecting device, the inner cylinder is sleeved in the outer cylinder; the top of the outer cylinder and the side of the inner cylinder are The wall is connected; the annular space formed by the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder is communicated with the space inside the inner cylinder through the bottom end of the inner cylinder and the bottom end of the outer cylinder; The inner cylinder is provided with a gas inlet and a dosing port; the ash collecting device is located at the lower end of the outer cylinder, and the ash collecting device and the outer cylinder form a closed space; the air outlet of the outer cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the outer cylinder Above the bottom end of the inner cylinder; a dust filter bag is arranged in the annular space, and the gas entering the gas inlet passes through the dust filter bag and is discharged from the air outlet. Through the integrated and integrated layout, the unique internal structure and the design of the cavity and the layout of the inlet and outlet, the application changes the gas flow direction to achieve uniform gas distribution, with a short process, less equipment, high efficiency and good dust removal effect.

Description

Dry-type deacidification dust collector of flue gas

Technical Field

The document relates to but is not limited to a flue gas dedusting and deacidifying technology, in particular to but not limited to a flue gas dry type deacidifying and dedusting device.

Background

In the flue gas purification process combining semidry deacidification, activated carbon adsorption and bag type dust collector, a dry reaction tower is deacidification equipment for reaction of slaked lime and acid gas, and the bag type dust collector is not only incineration fly ash removing equipment, but also a reactor for deacidification and activated carbon adsorption of dioxin and heavy metal and reaction product collecting equipment, and plays a key role in a solid waste incineration flue gas purification system.

After the neutralizing agent, the active carbon and the fly ash remained in the semi-dry deacidification reaction enter a bag type dust collector, the neutralizing agent, the active carbon and the fly ash are attached to the surface of a filter bag and continuously perform physical and chemical adsorption reaction with acidic gas, heavy metal pollutants and organic pollutants in the smoke. The filtering speed of the bag type dust collector is generally controlled below 1m/min, and a larger filtering area provides a larger reaction bed and reaction contact time.

In view of the characteristic that dioxin, furan, other organic pollutants, heavy metals and the like have the tendency to be combined with fine particles in smoke, incineration fly ash, active carbon for adsorbing the organic pollutants and the heavy metals and semidry deacidification products are hazardous wastes, bag type dust removal has high-efficiency filtering performance and functions as deacidification and pollutant adsorption reactors, and the bag type dust removal becomes the most important and final control means for controlling the pollution of a solid waste incineration system. As long as the discharge standard of the dust removal filter chamber is controlled and the dust discharge is controlled, the dioxin, furan and heavy metals can be more effectively controlled.

In the prior art, the purification process flow of the dry reaction tower and the bag type dust collector connected in series is longer, the investment is higher, and the operation and maintenance workload is large.

Disclosure of Invention

The following is a summary of the subject matter described in detail herein. This summary is not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

The application provides a flue gas dry-type deacidification dust removal integration equipment changes integration equipment inner structure and divides the chamber design, changes the flue gas and imports and exports the position, has replaced traditional dry-type reaction tower and bag filter.

The equipment provided by the application is suitable for the removal project of acid substances and dust of the gas discharged by industrial combustion.

The application provides a dry-type flue gas deacidification and dust removal device which comprises an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder and an ash collecting device, wherein the inner cylinder is sleeved in the outer cylinder; the top end of the outer cylinder is connected with the side wall of the inner cylinder;

an annular space formed by the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder is communicated with a space inside the inner cylinder through the bottom end of the inner cylinder and the bottom end of the outer cylinder;

the inner cylinder positioned outside the outer cylinder is provided with a gas inlet and a dosing port;

the ash collecting device is positioned at the lower end of the outer barrel, and a closed space is formed by the ash collecting device and the outer barrel;

the air outlet of the outer barrel is arranged above the bottom end of the inner barrel;

and a dust removal filter bag is arranged in the annular space, and gas entering from the gas inlet passes through the dust removal filter bag and then is discharged from the air outlet.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the centerlines of the inner and outer barrels are collinear.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the annular space is divided into an air-purifying chamber and a dust-removing filter chamber, and the air-purifying chamber and the dust-removing filter chamber are communicated through the dust-removing filter bag.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the air outlet is located in the air-purifying chamber; the dust removal filtering chamber is communicated with an ash collecting chamber in the ash collecting device and is communicated with the space in the inner cylinder;

in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the air purging chamber is located above the dust removal and filtration chamber.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the gas inlet is located at an upper portion of the dosing port.

In an embodiment disclosed in the present application, the medicine feeding port is provided with a nozzle, and the medicine passes through even blowout behind the nozzle, with the gaseous abundant contact that the gas inlet got into.

In one embodiment disclosed herein, the agent is selected from any one or both of slaked lime and activated carbon.

In an embodiment disclosed in the present application, the dust collecting device is provided with a dust outlet and an ash discharging valve, the dust outlet is located at the bottommost end of the dust collecting device, and the ash discharging valve controls the opening or closing of the dust outlet.

In one embodiment disclosed herein, the air-purging chamber and the dust-removing filtering chamber are separated by a partition;

the partition board is provided with a filter bag frame, the dust removal filter bag is sleeved on the filter bag frame, and the filter bag frame extends towards the dust removal filter chamber.

In one embodiment disclosed in the present application, an injection tube is disposed above the dust-removing filter bag in the clean air chamber; optionally, the holes of the injection pipe blow out gas, a venturi is arranged below the holes and arranged above the dust filter bag, and optionally, the injection pipe is connected with an air bag which is configured to store compressed air, so that the air pressure for supplying the injection pipe with gas is stable;

the venturis induce the ambient air which is several times of the primary air to enter the dust-removing filter bags, and the venturis and the dust-removing filter bags are in one-to-one correspondence.

In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the blowing pipe is configured to blow gas into the dust filter bag, so that the attachments on the surface of the dust filter bag in the dust filter chamber fall off.

In one embodiment disclosed in the application, the injection pipes are uniformly arranged at the top of the dust removal and filtration chamber, and the electromagnetic pulse valve and the air bag are arranged outside the equipment.

The injection pipe is used for injecting gas to the dust-removing filter bag, so that attachments on the surface of the dust-removing filter bag in the dust-removing filter chamber fall off.

In an embodiment disclosed in the application, the device further comprises auxiliary functional equipment including a slaked lime storage bin, a slaked lime unloading and blowing device, a purified flue gas induced draft fan and the like.

Compared with the common process flow, the novel flue gas deacidification and dust removal integrated equipment has the following advantages:

1. the dry-type flue gas deacidification and dust removal device is integrally arranged, the flow direction of gas is changed through the unique cavity design of the internal structure and the arrangement positions of an inlet and an outlet, the uniform gas distribution is realized, the flow is short, the equipment is less, the investment is low, the occupied area is reduced, and the operation and maintenance requirements are low; deacidification and dust filtration are realized in the same equipment, so that the efficiency is high and the dust removal effect is good;

2. the dry deacidification reaction center chamber and the dust removal filter are divided into two part areas with communicated bottoms through the inner cylinder. The flue gas enters the dry-type deacidification reaction central chamber from the top of the equipment, is buffered therein, is uniformly distributed after being diffused in the dry-type deacidification reaction central chamber (namely the inner part of the inner cylinder), and enters a filter chamber (a dust removal filter chamber), so that the flue gas has a uniform gas distribution function. The gas uniformly passes through the dust removal filter bags arranged at different positions in the filter chamber, the surface filtering load of the dust removal filter bags is uniform, the service life is prolonged, the replacement time is prolonged, and the replacement cost of the filter bags is reduced.

3. The dry-type deacidification reaction central chamber is integrated with the dedusting and filtering chamber, when smoke passes through the dry-type deacidification reaction central chamber, the route is short, the heat dissipation capacity is small, the temperature is easy to control, the smoke can be prevented from dewing, and the service life of the filter bag is prolonged.

4. The sprayed dry powder directly enters the dry type deacidification reaction central chamber, the dry powder operation channel is short, the sedimentation is less, and the utilization rate is high.

5. The deacidification and dust removal integrated equipment only needs to be provided with one dust collecting chamber, and meanwhile, dust in the dry-type deacidification reaction center chamber and the dust removal filtering chamber is collected, so that the dust collecting effect is better, the collection point of ash and slag is single, and the risk of secondary pollution is reduced.

Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the application. Other advantages of the present application may be realized and attained by the invention in its aspects as described in the specification.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide an understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the examples serve to explain the principles of the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an integrated dry deacidification and dedusting apparatus of the present technology;

FIG. 1-1 is a schematic view of the connection between the dust-removing filter structure and the air-purifying chamber in FIG. 1;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a conventional flue gas dry deacidification and bag house dust removal process;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of thedry reaction column 21 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the dustremoval filter arrangement 24 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4-1 is a schematic view of the connection between the dust-removing filter structure and the air-purifying chamber in FIG. 4.

The reference numbers are as follows: 1. a gas inlet; 2. a medicine adding port; 3. a blowing pipe; 4. an electromagnetic pulse valve; 5. air bags; 6. a dust removal filter bag; 7. a filter bag frame; 8. the direction of the flue gas; 9. a dust collecting device; 10. a dust outlet; 11. an ash discharge valve; 12. an inspection door; 13. a dust removal and filtration chamber; 14. a venturi; 15. a gas purifying chamber; 16. an air outlet; 17. a dry deacidification reaction central chamber; 21. a dry reaction tower; 221. a first dust collecting chamber; 231. a first ash discharge valve; 261. a first Roots blower; 271. a first unloader; 24. a dust removal filter structure; 222. a second dust collecting chamber; 232 a second ash discharge valve; 262. a second Roots blower; 272. a second unloader; 28. a lime nitrate tank; 29. an activated carbon tank; 211. an incineration flue gas inlet; 212. a dust outlet; 216. a flue gas outlet; 217. a slaked lime dosing port; 241. a flue gas inlet; 242. an active carbon dosing port.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.

The embodiment of the application provides a dry-type flue gas deacidification and dust removal device, which comprises an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder and an ash collecting device, wherein the inner cylinder is sleeved in the outer cylinder; the top end of the outer cylinder is connected with the side wall of the inner cylinder;

an annular space formed by the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder is communicated with a space inside the inner cylinder through the bottom end of the inner cylinder and the bottom end of the outer cylinder;

the inner cylinder positioned outside the outer cylinder is provided with a gas inlet 1 and adosing port 2;

theash collecting device 9 is positioned at the lower end of the outer cylinder, and theash collecting device 9 and the outer cylinder form a closed space;

theair outlet 16 of the outer barrel is arranged above the bottom end of the inner barrel;

the annular space is internally provided with a dust-removingfilter bag 6, and gas entering from the gas inlet 1 passes through the dust-removingfilter bag 6 and then is discharged from theair outlet 16.

In one embodiment, theair outlet 16 is an outlet of purified flue gas;

in one embodiment, the gas is flue gas produced by incineration;

in one embodiment, the inner and outer barrels are square barrels, and the centerlines of the inner and outer barrels are collinear.

In one embodiment, the annular space is divided into agas purging chamber 15 and adust filtration chamber 13, thegas purging chamber 15 and thedust filtration chamber 13 being in communication via thedust filtration bag 6.

In one embodiment, theair outlet 16 is located in the air-purifying chamber 15; the dust removing andfiltering chamber 13 is communicated with the dust collecting chamber of thedust collecting device 9 and is communicated with the space inside the inner cylinder;

in one embodiment, theplenum 15 is located above thedust filtration chamber 13.

In one embodiment, the gas inlet 1 is located at the upper portion of thedosing port 2.

In one embodiment, thedosing port 2 is provided with a nozzle, and the medicament is uniformly sprayed out after passing through the nozzle and is fully contacted with gas such as flue gas entering from the gas inlet 1.

In one embodiment, the agent is selected from either or both of slaked lime and activated carbon.

In one embodiment, the dust collecting device is provided with adust outlet 10 and adust discharging valve 11, thedust outlet 10 is located at the lowermost end of thedust collecting device 9, and thedust discharging valve 11 controls the opening or closing of thedust outlet 10.

In one embodiment, theair purge chamber 15 and thedust filtration chamber 13 are separated by a partition;

the partition board is provided with afilter bag frame 7, the dustremoval filter bag 6 is sleeved on thefilter bag frame 7, and thefilter bag frame 7 extends towards the dustremoval filter chamber 13.

In one embodiment, aninjection pipe 3 is arranged above thedust filter bag 6 in theair purification chamber 15;

aventuri 14 is arranged at the nozzle of the blowingpipe 3; theair bag 5 is connected with theinjection pipe 3, theinjection pipe 3 is a main pipe, compressed air (primary air) is blown out through holes arranged on theinjection pipe 3, the holes of theinjection pipe 3 correspond to theventuri tube 14 up and down, theventuri tube 14 induces surrounding air which is several times of the primary air to enter the dust-removingfilter bag 6, and theventuri tube 14 corresponds to the dust-removingfilter bag 6 one by one; theair bag 5 is used for storing compressed air and ensuring the stability of air supply pressure.

The blowingpipe 3 is used for blowing gas to the dust removingfilter bag 6, so that attachments on the surface of the dust removingfilter bag 6 in the dust removingfilter chamber 13 fall off.

In one embodiment, the dry deacidification and dust removal device for flue gas further comprises auxiliary devices such as a slaked lime storage bin, a slaked lime discharging and blowing device, a purified flue gas induced draft fan and the like.

In one embodiment, the slaked lime powder in the slaked lime storage bin is discharged by the discharging device in a variable frequency manner, is sprayed by the high-pressure fan and is uniformly dispersed by the spray nozzle at thechemical feeding port 2, then is fully contacted with the flue gas entering from the gas inlet 1, is fully reacted in the dry-type deacidification reaction central chamber 17 (the inner cylinder), and the slaked lime powder which is not completely reacted enters the dedusting and filteringchamber 13 along with the flue gas after being uniformly dispersed in the dry-type deacidification reaction central chamber 17 (the inner cylinder).

In one embodiment, the flue gas with uniform gas distribution enters the dedusting and filteringchamber 13 from the bottom of the dry deacidification reactioncentral chamber 17, and the residual slaked lime in the flue gas is trapped on the outer surface of the dedusting andfiltering bag 6 to form a filtering layer, so that the residual slaked lime is further in contact reaction with harmful substances in the flue gas, and the removal rate of the harmful substances is improved.

In one embodiment, the flue gas passing through thedust filter bag 6 enters theair purifying chamber 15 and is discharged from the air outlet. As the dust attached to the outer surface of thedust filter bag 6 increases, the resistance of the dust collector increases, and in order to maintain the resistance of the dust collector within a limited range, the dust attached to the surface of thedust filter bag 6 must be periodically removed: the controller triggers theelectromagnetic pulse valves 4 according to a regular sequence, so that compressed air in theair bag 5 is sprayed out from holes of the spraying pipe 3 (called primary air), and ambient air (called secondary air) which is several times of the primary air is induced to enter the dustremoval filter bag 6 through theventuri tube 14, so that the dustremoval filter bag 6 is rapidly expanded at one moment and shakes off dust along with the reverse action of air flow, and the dust emission in the smoke can reach the national environmental standard requirement in subsequent use. The shaken off dust falls into the dust hopper of theopportunity device 9 and is discharged through thedust discharge valve 11. The fly ash collected regularly is bagged and then sent to a dangerous waste landfill for landfill and other modes for subsequent treatment.

The application provides a dry-type deacidification dust collecting equipment of flue gas can get rid of most acid gas and dust in the flue gas.

Comparative example 1

Fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of a conventional flue gas dry deacidification and bag-type dust removal process, wherein flue gas enters a subsequent dry reaction tower 21 (see fig. 3 for a schematic structural diagram) through a fluegas incineration inlet 211 after passing through a quenching deacidification tower, slaked lime powder is added into thedry reaction tower 21, the slaked lime powder is added in a continuous operation mode, manually poured into a slakedlime groove 28 of a closed storage bin and then output by a variable-frequency screw unloader (slaked lime is conveyed to the position of a slakedlime feeding port 217 through afirst unloader 271 and afirst Rotz fan 261 and is sprayed out), and alkaline slaked lime powder is contacted with and reacts with acidic waste gas in the flue gas. The dust in thedry reaction tower 21 is deposited in the firstdust collecting chamber 221 by gravity, discharged from the firstdust discharge valve 231, and then sent to a hazardous waste landfill for subsequent treatment. The treated flue gas from thefirst reaction tower 21 enters theflue 241 dust removingfilter structure 24 from theflue gas outlet 216 for subsequent operation.

As shown in fig. 4 and fig. 4-1, the treated flue gas enters thededusting filter structure 24 through theflue 241, and simultaneously activated carbon is sprayed (the activated carbon is delivered to the activatedcarbon dosing port 242 through the activatedcarbon tank 29 via thesecond unloader 272 and the second rotz blower 262), and the activated carbon is fully mixed with the flue gas in the flue for preliminary adsorption, and then the uniformly mixed flue gas enters the dedusting filter structure 24 (the schematic structure is shown in fig. 4). Theair purifying chamber 15 is communicated with the dust removing andfiltering structure 24 through the dust removingfilter bag 6; the dustremoval filtering structure 24 is internally provided with afilter bag frame 7, and thefilter bag frame 7 is provided with a dustremoval filter bag 6.

Aninjection pipe 3 is arranged above the dust-removingfilter bag 6; aventuri 14 is arranged at the nozzle of the blowingpipe 3; theair bag 5 is connected with theinjection pipe 3, theinjection pipe 3 is a main pipe, compressed air (primary air) is blown out through holes arranged on theinjection pipe 3, the holes of theinjection pipe 3 correspond to theventuri tube 14 up and down, theventuri tube 14 induces surrounding air which is several times of the primary air to enter the dust-removingfilter bag 6, and theventuri tube 14 corresponds to the dust-removingfilter bag 6 one by one; theair bag 5 is used for storing compressed air and ensuring the stability of air supply pressure.

The controller triggers eachelectromagnetic pulse valve 4 according to regular sequence, so that compressed air in theair bag 5 is sprayed out from the holes of the spraying pipe 3 (called primary air), and ambient air (called secondary air) which is several times of the primary air is induced to enter the dustremoval filter bag 6 through theventuri 14;

the dust on thedust filter bag 6 and the dust in the dust-removingfilter structure 24 are deposited in the seconddust collecting chamber 222 under the action of gravity, discharged by the seconddust discharging valve 232 and then sent to a hazardous waste landfill for subsequent treatment. The purified flue gas filtered by the dust removing andfiltering structure 24 enters thegas purifying chamber 15 and is discharged from the purifiedflue gas outlet 16. In one embodiment, the dust-removing and filtering chamber is further provided with aninspection door 12.

In this comparison example, the temperature of the flue gas must be higher than the dew point by more than 30 ℃ before the flue gas enters thededusting filter structure 24, so the system is provided with an automatic temperature adjusting device to keep the temperature of the inlet flue gas of the dust remover constant at about 150 ℃ plus 200 ℃, and is also provided with an automatic short-circuit system to protect the dust remover to prevent the temperature of the flue gas entering thededusting filter structure 24 from being too high or too low.

In the comparative example, although the two devices, i.e., thedry reaction tower 21 and thededusting filter structure 24, can meet the deacidification and dedusting functions, the process flow is long, the number of devices is large, the investment is high, and the operation and maintenance workload is large.

Although the embodiments disclosed in the present application are described above, the descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A dry-type deacidification and dust removal device for flue gas comprises an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder and an ash collecting device, wherein the inner cylinder is sleeved in the outer cylinder; the top end of the outer cylinder is connected with the side wall of the inner cylinder;

an annular space formed by the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder is communicated with a space inside the inner cylinder through the bottom end of the inner cylinder and the bottom end of the outer cylinder;

the inner cylinder positioned outside the outer cylinder is provided with a gas inlet and a dosing port;

the ash collecting device is positioned at the lower end of the outer barrel, and a closed space is formed by the ash collecting device and the outer barrel;

the air outlet of the outer barrel is arranged above the bottom end of the inner barrel;

and a dust removal filter bag is arranged in the annular space, and gas entering from the gas inlet passes through the dust removal filter bag and then is discharged from the air outlet.

2. The dry flue gas deacidification and dedusting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the centerlines of the inner drum and the outer drum are collinear.

3. The dry deacidification and dedusting device for flue gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the annular space is divided into a gas purifying chamber and a dedusting filter chamber, and the gas purifying chamber and the dedusting filter chamber are communicated through the dedusting filter bag.

4. The dry deacidification and dedusting device for flue gas according to claim 3, wherein the air outlet is positioned in the air purifying chamber; the dust removal filtering chamber is communicated with an ash collecting chamber in the ash collecting device and is communicated with the space in the inner cylinder;

optionally, the air purging chamber is located above the dust removal and filtration chamber.

5. The dry flue gas deacidification and dedusting device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the gas inlet is positioned at the upper part of the dosing port.

6. The dry deacidification and dedusting device for flue gas as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the chemical adding port is provided with a spray head, and chemicals are uniformly sprayed out after passing through the spray head and are fully contacted with the gas entering from the gas inlet.

7. The dry deacidification and dedusting device for flue gas according to claim 6, wherein the medicament is selected from one or two of slaked lime and activated carbon.

8. The dry deacidification and dedusting device for flue gas as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ash collecting device is provided with a dust outlet at the lowest end of the ash collecting device and an ash discharging valve controlling the opening or closing of the dust outlet.

9. A dry flue gas deacidification and dedusting apparatus as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein said air cleaning chamber and said dedusting filter chamber are separated by a partition plate;

the partition board is provided with a filter bag frame, the dust removal filter bag is sleeved on the filter bag frame, and the filter bag frame extends towards the dust removal filter chamber.

10. The dry deacidification and dedusting device for flue gas as claimed in claim 9, wherein an injection pipe is arranged above the dedusting filter bag in the air cleaning chamber; optionally, the holes of the injection pipe blow out gas, a venturi is arranged below the holes and arranged above the dust filter bag, and optionally, the injection pipe is connected with an air bag which is configured to store compressed air, so that the air pressure for supplying the injection pipe with gas is stable;

the injection pipe is used for injecting gas to the dust-removing filter bag, so that attachments on the surface of the dust-removing filter bag in the dust-removing filter chamber fall off.

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