CN112472334B - A scaffold structure for alveolar bone reconstruction - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种用于牙槽骨重建的支架结构，属于牙槽骨的人工修复领域，用于盖覆于缺失牙处的牙槽骨颌骨面的颊侧或舌侧上，包括：L字形的预成型支架；横向活瓣部，构成所述预成型支架的横向部分，且能够覆盖牙槽沿到牙根处的颌骨面的横向区域；纵向基体部，构成所述预成型支架的竖向部分，并与所述横向活瓣部连接呈L形；纵向基体部能够覆盖牙槽沿到牙根处的颌骨面的竖向区域；连接沿部用于连接嵌设在牙槽骨上的定位器；在预成型支架与牙槽骨的颌骨面之间形成用于植骨填料填充的植骨空间；植骨材料提供足够强度的支撑空间，其变形强度、拉伸强度都能够获得满足；其材料也是采用可吸收的材料，其横向活瓣部能够打开并填充植骨材料。

The invention relates to a bracket structure for alveolar bone reconstruction, belonging to the field of artificial restoration of alveolar bone, which is used to cover the buccal or lingual side of the jaw surface of the alveolar bone at the missing tooth, comprising: L A glyph-shaped preformed bracket; a transverse valve part, which constitutes a transverse part of the preformed bracket, and can cover the lateral area of the jawbone surface from the alveolar to the root; the longitudinal base part constitutes the vertical part of the preformed bracket; The longitudinal base part can cover the vertical area of the jawbone surface from the alveolar edge to the root of the tooth; the connecting edge is used to connect the alveolar bone embedded in the alveolar bone Positioner; a bone graft space for filling with bone graft filler is formed between the preformed bracket and the maxillary surface of the alveolar bone; the bone graft material provides a supporting space with sufficient strength, and its deformation strength and tensile strength can be satisfied. ; Its material is also absorbable material, and its transverse valve can be opened and filled with bone graft material.

Description

A supporting structure for alveolar bone is rebuild

Technical Field

The invention relates to a bracket structure for alveolar bone reconstruction, and belongs to the field of artificial restoration of alveolar bones.

Background

Alveolar bone, also known as alveolar process, surrounds the jaw bone protrusion of the root of the tooth; the socket for accommodating teeth is called an alveolar socket, alveolar bones between two teeth are called alveolar spaces, and the interdental alveolar bones of a plurality of teeth are called interdental bones; the alveolar bone is the part of the lower edge of the maxilla and the upper edge of the mandible, which is embedded with the tooth root; alveolar process parts of the upper and lower jawbones, which are inherent alveolar bones close to the inner walls of tooth roots and periodontal ligament, are a layer of compact bone with meshes and are attached with periodontal ligament fibers; alveolar bone is the most variable part in the skeletal system of the whole body, and the change can reflect the reconstruction process of bone tissues; it grows with the growth and eruption of teeth, and develops well due to physiological functional stimulation; after loss of teeth, normal functional stimulation is lost and disuse atrophy can occur. Excessive irritation can also cause traumatic absorption.

When a human body grows with age and teeth fall off, alveolar bones are often deformed and alveolar bones are atrophied, and in this way, after the alveolar bones are deformed or atrophied, teeth cannot be directly planted on the original alveolar bones, because the planted teeth can cause secondary damage to the originally atrophied alveolar bones and cause the basal bodies of the planted teeth to fall off or collapse, after the alveolar bones are atrophied, the alveolar bones need to be rebuilt to thicken and shape the alveolar bones, so that the teeth can be planted after the conditions of the planted teeth are met, the existing alveolar bone repairing technology usually adopts a titanium mesh for shaping and repairing, the titanium mesh is usually fixed by screws, and in this way, the titanium mesh is taken out for secondary operation, and the tapping and screwing processes of the screws cause multiple damages to the fragile alveolar bones, and the patients cause secondary damage, therefore, there is no alveolar bone repair method available in the market that can be used without repeated surgery and does not cause damage to the existing alveolar bone.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is designed to solve the above problems and to provide a scaffold structure capable of providing a bone grafting space for thickening and repairing an alveolar bone that suffers from atrophy.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the invention discloses a bracket structure for alveolar bone reconstruction, which is used for covering the buccal side or the lingual side of the jaw bone surface of an alveolar bone at a missing tooth, and comprises:

the width of the L-shaped preformed bracket is equivalent to that of the alveolar fossa of the single tooth;

a lateral flap portion constituting a lateral portion of the preformed bracket and capable of covering a lateral region of a jaw face from a socket edge to a root;

the longitudinal base part forms the vertical part of the preformed bracket and is connected with the transverse valve part to form an L shape; the longitudinal base portion is capable of covering a vertical area of the jaw face from the alveolar edge to the root;

the connecting edge part is arranged at the edge of the vertical part of the preformed bracket and is used for connecting a positioner embedded on the alveolar bone;

and forming a bone grafting space filled with bone grafting fillers between the preformed bracket and the jaw face of the alveolar bone.

Optionally, an expansion part protruding from the filling space of the bone grafting filler is arranged on the longitudinal base body part.

Optionally, micropores for isolating cells and allowing nutrients to pass through are arranged on the preformed support; one surfaces of the longitudinal base body part and the transverse valve part facing to the jaw bone are rough bone surfaces, and one surfaces of the longitudinal base body part and the transverse valve part back to the jaw bone are smooth mucosa surfaces.

Optionally, the preformed bracket further comprises a wing portion extending from the left or right side of the longitudinal base portion to the jawbone face of the alveolar bone.

Optionally, the tooth socket also comprises a row-shaped bracket, the width of which is equivalent to the total width of the tooth socket without multiple teeth; the row-shaped support is formed by splicing a plurality of unit plates along the length direction.

Optionally, each unit plate includes a base plate, side arms, a shaft column part and a ring fastening part, the base plate is in an arc plate shape, the side arms are arranged on the left side of the base plate, the ring fastening part is arranged on the right side of the base plate, the shaft column part is arranged on the side arms, and the inner sides of the unit plates are provided with hole slots; when the two unit plates are butted, the side arm at the left side of one unit plate penetrates into the buckle part of the other unit plate and then enters into the waist-shaped hole groove which enables the shaft column part to be inserted into the other unit plate.

Optionally, the hole slots are waist-shaped hole slots arranged on the inner sides of the unit plates, and the two unit plates can move close to or away from each other, and the movable distance of the two unit plates is limited by the length of the waist-shaped hole slots.

Optionally, the ring buckle part and the side arm are both connected to the inner side of the base plate; the substrate is provided with a plurality of micropores which are communicated with the inner side and the outer side of the substrate and filter external cells and allow the nutrient substances to pass through.

Optionally, a flap portion is arranged at the upper edge of the base plate, the flap portion extends to the alveolar edge, and a bone grafting space for filling bone grafting material is formed between the jawbone surface and the base plate.

Optionally, the positioner is used for being inserted into the alveolar bone in a non-threaded manner, the positioner and the bracket structure are made of a hot-melt material which can be absorbed by a human body, the positioner comprises a columnar part and a pile head part, the columnar part is columnar, a plurality of bulges are arranged on the peripheral surface of the columnar part, all the bulges are distributed along the length direction of the columnar part, adjacent bulges are arranged in a staggered manner, and a scraping groove for collecting bone powder is formed between the adjacent bulges; the pile head part and the columnar part are integrally formed, the pile head part is positioned at the nailing end of the columnar part, the pile head part is provided with a V-shaped groove, and the opening direction of the V-shaped groove is the same as the nailing direction of the pile head part; the V-shaped groove is used for bone residue aggregation.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the transverse valve part and the longitudinal base part of the preformed bracket have curved surface designs, so that the characteristic of a hyperboloid is formed, a supporting space with enough strength is provided for bone grafting materials, and the deformation strength and the tensile strength of the supporting space can be met; in addition, the material is also made of absorbable material, and the transverse valve part can be conveniently opened and used for planting the effect of aggregate filling;

2. the scheme provides two support structures, wherein the preformed support is used for repairing alveolar bones with single tooth loss and atrophy, the row-shaped support is used for repairing alveolar bones with multiple tooth loss and atrophy, and the row-shaped support is formed by freely splicing a plurality of unit plates, so that the support in the scheme can be suitable for reconstructing and repairing the alveolar bones under the condition of continuous multiple tooth loss;

3. the supporting structure in this scheme adopts absorbable material, can need not the secondary operation and carry out equipment dismantlement after once operation repairs to reduce patient's misery.

4. The positioning dowel pin in the scheme adopts a non-threaded connection mode, so that primary damage to the alveolar bone in a thread tapping process is avoided; meanwhile, secondary damage to the side wall of the bone hole caused by bone residues rotating along with the threads cannot exist, in addition, the positioning nail adopting the thread design is more prone to fracture, secondary punching is needed if the positioning nail is fractured, possible tertiary damage exists, if the positioning nail is designed to have the strength of thread tapping, the density of the positioning nail is inevitably higher, and fourth damage is inevitably caused by material expansion existing during dissolution; and this design adopts the design of nail stake, and the mode that its straight line was nailed in can not lead to the fact the injury that the tapping formed to the bone hole lateral wall, and simultaneously, the design of the V-arrangement groove of stake head portion can gather the bone sediment, avoids the injury of bone sediment to the bone hole, and in addition, the design of scraping the groove can gather the bone meal on the bone hole lateral wall to avoid the bone meal to dissolve the hindrance of infiltration in-process at the locator.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a capless retainer;

FIG. 2 is a density schematic of a capless retainer;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a pile head of the positioner;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a pile head with compensating grooves;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a capped retainer;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a capped retainer;

FIG. 7 is a view of the structure of the tail cap portion;

FIG. 8 is a density schematic of a capped retainer;

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a capped retainer with retaining channels;

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a preform holder;

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a preformed stent with wings;

FIG. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view of a preformed stent taken through the thickness thereof;

FIG. 13 is a view showing a state of use of the preform support;

FIG. 14 is a view showing a state of use of the row stand;

FIG. 15 is another use state diagram of the row stand;

FIG. 16 is a structural view of a unit plate;

FIG. 17 is a side view of the cell plate;

FIG. 18 is a block diagram of an ultrasonic welder.

Reference numerals: 1-positioner, 101-positioning blind hole, 102-tail cap part, 103-column part, 104-scraping groove, 105-pile head part, 106-V-shaped groove, 107-peripheral longitudinal pipe, 108-bone slag stacking layer, 109-bone slag stacking layer, 110-compensation groove, 111-positioning through hole, 2-row bracket, 201-buccal side frame plate, 202-lingual side frame plate, 203-unit plate, 204-buckle part, 205-side arm, 206-axial column part, 207-waist-shaped hole groove, 208-flap part, 210-base plate, 3-dental implant base body, 4-bone implant filler, 5-alveolar bone, 51-alveolar fossa, 6-preformed bracket, 601-transverse flap part, 602-longitudinal base part, 603-connecting edge part, 604-bone surface, 605-convex pile part, 606-mucosa surface, 607-micropore, 608-expansion part, 609-flank part, 610-bone grafting space, 7-ultrasonic welding machine, 701-welding machine body, 702-buccal propeller, 703-lingual shaper, 704-first lingual propeller, 705-second lingual propeller and 706-buccal shaper.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-4, thecap-less locator 1 of the invention comprises acolumn part 103 and apile head part 105, wherein thecolumn part 103 and thepile head part 105 are made of a special material, which needs to have the characteristics of being decomposable and absorbable by human body and simultaneously has the characteristics of hot melting, plasticity and the like, and the material can be polylactic acid and the polymer material thereof.

As shown in fig. 1 or 3, the circumferential side wall of thecolumnar part 103 is provided with protrusions in different directions, adjacent protrusions are protruded in different directions to form staggered layers, andscraping grooves 104 are formed between the staggered layers, and thescraping grooves 104 can scrape and collect bone meal on the side wall of the bone hole.

The protrusion of the abovecolumnar portion 103 may be designed to be square, rectangular, U-shaped, or concave-convex shape along the circumferential direction, so that different shapes may be selected according to actual needs, so that thecolumnar portion 103 can have stronger holding force after being inserted into the bone hole, thereby promoting the penetration of thecolumnar portion 103 into the bone gap after being melted.

As shown in fig. 1 or 3, thepile head 105 is in a dovetail shape or V-shape, a V-shaped groove 106 is arranged at thepile head 105, the opening direction of the V-shaped groove 106 is the same as the nailing direction of thepositioner 1, and the V-shaped groove 106 can gather bone residues left in the bone hole to form a boneresidue pile layer 108.

As shown in fig. 1, ablind positioning hole 101 is further provided at the tail of thecolumnar portion 103, and theblind positioning hole 101 is used for connecting a specific tool, which can be inserted into theblind positioning hole 101 and connected with thepositioner 1.

When thelocator 1 is used, bone holes are required to be formed on the buccal side or the lingual side of thealveolar bone 5 by using a drill, the bone holes formed on the buccal side face the lingual side, the bone holes formed on the lingual side face the bone side, and bone residues and bone powder are remained in the bone holes; thelocator 1 is pushed into a bone hole under the pushing of a tool, and thelocator 1 is not rotated in the process of being nailed into the bone hole, at the moment, the protrusion of the staggered structure of thecolumnar part 103 can scrape and collect bone powder on the side wall of the bone hole to the scraping and collectinggroove 104; meanwhile, the dovetail shape at thepile head part 105 can gather bone residues to the V-shaped groove 106 to form a boneresidue pile layer 108 in the nailing process; the bone residues are gathered to prevent thepositioner 1 from pushing to drive the bone residues to rotate or rub the side wall of the bone hole so as to cause repeated injury to thealveolar bone 5 in the process of nailing thepositioner 1.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 1-4, thecap-less locator 1 of the invention comprises acolumn part 103 and apile head part 105, wherein thecolumn part 103 and thepile head part 105 are made of a special material, which needs to have the characteristics of being decomposable and absorbable by human body and simultaneously has the characteristics of hot melting, plasticity and the like, and the material can be polylactic acid and the polymer material thereof.

As shown in fig. 1 or 3, the circumferential side wall of thecolumnar part 103 is provided with protrusions in different directions, adjacent protrusions are protruded in different directions to form staggered layers, and scrapinggrooves 104 are formed between the staggered layers, and the scrapinggrooves 104 can scrape and collect bone meal on the side wall of the bone hole.

As shown in fig. 1 or 3, thepile head 105 is in a dovetail shape or V-shape, a V-shapedgroove 106 is arranged at thepile head 105, the opening direction of the V-shapedgroove 106 is the same as the nailing direction of thepositioner 1, and the V-shapedgroove 106 can gather bone residues left in the bone hole to form a boneresidue pile layer 108.

As shown in fig. 1, ablind positioning hole 101 is further provided at the tail of thecolumnar portion 103, and theblind positioning hole 101 is used for connecting a specific tool, which can be inserted into theblind positioning hole 101 and connected with thepositioner 1.

Not shown in the figure, a plurality of peripherallongitudinal pipes 107 are embedded in the side wall of the positioningblind hole 101, and the peripherallongitudinal pipes 107 are communicated with the positioningblind hole 101 and the circumferential side wall of thepositioner 1; the thermal melting point of the peripherallongitudinal tube 107 is higher than that of thelocator 1, and the peripherallongitudinal tube 107 is also made of a material which can be dissolved and absorbed in the human body, and the melting temperature of the peripherallongitudinal tube 107 is higher than the welding temperature of thelocator 1; so as to accelerate the cooling speed of thepositioner 1 after welding, the diameter of the peripherallongitudinal tube 107 is generally selected to be 0.01-0.03 mm.

As shown in fig. 4, acompensation groove 110 is provided at the rear side of thepile head 105, thecompensation groove 110 is used for facilitating the opening of the V-shapedgroove 106, when the boneresidue pile layer 108 of the V-shapedgroove 106 is formed, the boneresidue pile layer 108 can push the two sides of the dovetail-shapedpile head 105 to open oppositely, thecompensation groove 110 can facilitate the compensation of the opening of thepile head 105, and the openedpile head 105 can expand radially to fix thepositioner 1.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 2-9, acap locator 1 of the present invention comprises acolumn portion 103, apile head portion 105 and atail cap portion 102; thecolumn part 103, thepile head part 105 and thetail cap part 102 are integrally made of special materials, thepile head part 105 and thetail cap part 102 are respectively connected with the front end and the rear end of thecolumn part 103, and the special materials need to have the characteristics of being decomposable and absorbed by the human body and simultaneously have the characteristics of hot melting, plasticity and the like.

As shown in fig. 5 or 9, the circumferential side wall of thecolumnar part 103 is provided with protrusions in different directions, and adjacent protrusions are protruded in different directions to form staggered layers, and scrapinggrooves 104 are formed between the staggered layers, and the scrapinggrooves 104 can scrape bone powder on the side wall of the bone hole; the projection may be designed as a square, rectangle, U-shape, or a circumferentially concave-convex shape, etc.

As shown in fig. 3 or 4, thepile head 105 is in a dovetail shape or V-shape, a V-shapedgroove 106 is arranged at thepile head 105, the opening direction of the V-shapedgroove 106 is the same as the nailing direction of thepositioner 1, and the V-shapedgroove 106 can gather the bone residues left in the bone hole to form a boneresidue pile layer 108.

As shown in fig. 4, acompensation groove 110 is provided at the rear side of thepile head 105, and after the formation of thebone cement pile 108 of the V-shapedgroove 106, thebone cement pile 108 can push the two sides of the dovetail-shapedpile head 105 to expand and expand oppositely to fix theretainer 1, and thecompensation groove 110 can compensate the expansion of thepile head 105.

As shown in fig. 7, the diameter of thetail cap portion 102 is larger than that of thecolumn portion 103, and ablind positioning hole 101 is further provided at the tail of thetail cap portion 102, and theblind positioning hole 101 is used for connecting a specific tool so as to guide the driving direction of thepositioner 1.

As shown in fig. 7, a plurality of peripherallongitudinal pipes 107 are embedded in the side wall of the positioningblind hole 101, and the peripherallongitudinal pipes 107 communicate the positioningblind hole 101 with the circumferential side wall of thepositioner 1; the thermal melting point of the peripherallongitudinal tube 107 is higher than that of thelocator 1, and the peripherallongitudinal tube 107 is also made of a material which can be dissolved and absorbed in the human body, and the melting temperature of the peripherallongitudinal tube 107 is higher than the welding temperature of thelocator 1; so as to accelerate the cooling speed of thepositioner 1 after welding, the diameter of the peripherallongitudinal tube 107 is generally selected to be 0.01-0.03 mm.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 1-9, apositioner 1 of the present invention comprises acolumn portion 103, apile head portion 105; thepile head 105 is attached to the leading end of thecolumnar portion 103 and constitutes thecap-less retainer 1 inembodiment 1, and thetail cap portion 102 may be attached to the trailing end of thecolumnar portion 103 to constitute the cap-equippedretainer 1 in embodiment 3.

Projections in different directions are arranged on the circumferential side wall of thecolumnar part 103, staggered layers are formed by adjacent projections in different directions, scrapinggrooves 104 are formed between staggered layers, and the scrapinggrooves 104 can scrape bone powder on the side wall of the bone hole; the projection may be designed as a square, rectangle, U-shape, or a circumferentially concave-convex shape, etc.

Thepile head 105 is in a dovetail shape or a V shape, a V-shapedgroove 106 is arranged at thepile head 105, the opening direction of the V-shapedgroove 106 is the same as the nailing direction of thepositioner 1, and the V-shapedgroove 106 can gather residual bone slag in a bone hole to form a boneslag pile layer 108.

A positioning throughhole 111 is provided in thefixture 1, and the positioning throughhole 111 communicates with the V-shapedgroove 106 at thepile head 105, so that thebone cement pile 108 can be removed from the positioning throughhole 111, thereby preventing thebone cement pile 108 from being affected during the restoration of thealveolar bone 5.

Example 5

As shown in fig. 1-9, apositioner 1 of the present invention comprises acolumn portion 103, apile head portion 105; thepile head 105 is attached to the leading end of thecolumnar portion 103 and constitutes thecap-less retainer 1 inembodiment 1, and thetail cap portion 102 may be attached to the trailing end of thecolumnar portion 103 to constitute the cap-equippedretainer 1 in embodiment 3.

The circumferential side wall of thecolumnar part 103 is provided with protrusions in different directions, the adjacent protrusions form staggered layers in different directions, ascraping collecting groove 104 is formed between the staggered layers, thescraping collecting groove 104 can scrape bone meal on the side wall of a bone hole, thepile head part 105 is in a dovetail shape or a V shape, a V-shapedgroove 106 is arranged at the position of thepile head part 105, and the opening direction of the V-shapedgroove 106 is the same as the nailing direction of thepositioner 1.

Thelocator 1 has different densities along the length direction, and the density of the two ends of thelocator 1 is greater than the density of the middle of thelocator 1, namely, different density areas are arranged along the length direction of thelocator 1, the density of the end part of thelocator 1 is greater than the density of the middle part, the characteristic is matched with that the surface layer bone density of thealveolar bone 5 is greater than the inner layer bone density, and thelocator 1 can also be provided with 3-5 density areas with different densities to realize the gradual change of the density; therefore, the dissolving speed of thepositioner 1 along different parts of the length direction is different, and the positioning can be guaranteed while the nail-shaped positioner is accelerated to dissolve more quickly.

Example 6

As shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, the present invention discloses apre-formed stent 6 for a single tooth, thepre-formed stent 6 is integrally formed of a special material which is required to have characteristics of being decomposable and absorbable by the human body, and simultaneously should have characteristics of hot melting and plasticity; the material can be polylactic acid and polymer material thereof.

The preforming bracket 6 is in an L-shaped structure, and the preforming bracket 6 comprises a transverse flap part 601, a longitudinal base part 602 and a connecting edge part 603; the transverse flap part 601 forms a transverse part of an L-shaped structure, the longitudinal base body part 602 forms a vertical part of the L-shaped structure, the transverse flap part 601 is connected to the upper part of the longitudinal base body part 602, the lower edge of the longitudinal base body part 602 is V-shaped, the connecting edge part 603 is arranged at the V-shaped edge of the longitudinal base body part 602, the transverse flap part 601 can extend from the buccal side of the alveolar bone 5 to the alveolar edge at the outer side from the outside to the inside, or the lingual side transverse flap part 601 can extend from the lingual side of the alveolar bone 5 to the alveolar edge at the inner side from the lingual side to the outside; the upper part of the longitudinal base part 602 is connected with the transverse flap part 601, and the lower side of the longitudinal base part 602 extends downwards to the mandible surface or the maxilla surface, so that a bone grafting space for filling the bone grafting material can be formed between the inner side of the preformed bracket 6 and the mandible and the maxilla.

When thecapless locator 1 is used for connection, firstly, bone holes are formed in the maxilla or the mandible, then thecapless locator 1 is nailed into the bone holes, then the preformedbracket 6 is attached to thecapless locator 1, the inner side of the connectingedge part 603 of the preformedbracket 6 is attached to the tail part of thecapless locator 1, and then the attaching positions are welded together through the ultrasonic system 7.

When thecap type positioner 1 is used for connection, bone holes are formed in the maxilla or the mandible firstly, then holes corresponding to the positions of the bone holes are formed in the connectingedge portion 603 of the preformedbracket 6, and thecap type positioner 1 penetrates through the preformedbracket 6 and is nailed into the bone holes, so that the preformedbracket 6 is fixed to the mandible or the maxilla.

Example 7

As shown in Figs. 10 to 13, the present invention discloses apre-formed holder 6 for a single tooth, in which thepre-formed holder 6 is integrally formed of a special material. The preformed bracket 6 is in an L-shaped structure, and the preformed bracket 6 comprises a transverse flap part 601, a longitudinal base part 602, a side wing part and a connecting edge part 603; the transverse valve part 601 forms a transverse part of an L-shaped structure, the longitudinal base body part 602 forms a vertical part of the L-shaped structure, the lateral wing part is arranged at the left side or the right side of the longitudinal base body part 602, the lateral wing part and the longitudinal base body part 602 are integrally formed, the lateral wing part extends from the left side or the right side of the longitudinal base body part 602 to the alveolar bone to reach the jaw face of the alveolar bone, the connecting edge part 603 is arranged at the edges of the longitudinal base body part 602 and the lateral wing part, the transverse valve part 601 can extend from the buccal side to the outside and the inside of the alveolar bone 5 to the outside alveolar edge, or the lingual side transverse valve part 601 can extend from the lingual side of the alveolar bone 5 to the inside alveolar edge; the upper part of the longitudinal base part 602 is connected with the transverse flap part 601, the lower side of the longitudinal base part 602 extends downwards to the mandible surface or the maxilla surface, and a bone grafting space for filling the bone grafting material is formed between the inner side of the preformed bracket 6 and the mandible and the maxilla.

The inner side surface of the preformedsupport 6 is abone surface 604 contacting the bone grafting material, the outer side surface of the preformedsupport 6 is amucosa surface 606, thebone surface 604 is polished to be rough, the roughness Ra is 1.6-3.2 microns, so that the reliability of the connection between the bone grafting material and the preformedsupport 6 is ensured, and meanwhile, in order to further improve the connection firmness, aconvex pile part 605 can be arranged on thebone surface 604; themucosal surface 606 is polished smooth.

The preformedsupport 6 is provided with a plurality ofmicropores 607, themicropores 607 are communicated with the inner side and the outer side of the preformedsupport 6, the pore diameter of themicropores 607 is 0.05-0.1mm, themicropores 607 are used for preventing external cells from entering the bone grafting material and not blocking the passing of nutrient substances, and the filtering effect of movement is achieved.

Thelongitudinal base 602 has anexpansion part 608 in the middle part, which is convexly curved outward, and theexpansion part 608 protrudes out of thelongitudinal base 602, so that a larger bone grafting space for filling bone grafting material is formed inside the preformedbracket 6.

Example 8

As shown in fig. 14-17, the invention discloses a row-shapedrack 2 for multiple teeth, the row-shapedrack 2 is long, the row-shapedrack 2 is formed by splicing a plurality ofunit plates 203 along the length direction, eachunit plate 203 comprises abase plate 210, aside arm 205, ashaft column part 206 and abuckle part 204, thebase plate 210 is arc-shaped, theside arm 205 is arranged at the left side of thebase plate 210, thebuckle part 204 is arranged at the right side of thebase plate 210, theshaft column part 206 is arranged on theside arm 205, and the inner side of theunit plate 203 is provided with a kidney-shaped hole groove; when the twounit plates 203 are butted, theside arm 205 at the left side of oneunit plate 203 penetrates into thebuckle part 204 of theother unit plate 203 and then enters into the waist-shaped hole slot which enables theshaft column part 206 to be inserted into theother unit plate 203.

After the twounit plates 203 are spliced, theunit plates 203 can rotate relative to theother unit plate 203 by a certain angle, the rotation angle is generally 0-10 degrees, and the twounit plates 203 can move close to or away from each other, and the movable distance of the twounit plates 203 is limited by the length of the kidney-shaped hole slot, namely, the movable distance of theshaft column part 206 in the kidney-shaped hole slot is the movable distance between the twounit plates 203.

In addition, thebuckle part 204 and theside arm 205 are connected to the inner side of thebase plate 210 instead of the side edge, so that the problem of uneven height or overlarge gap after the twounit plates 203 are spliced does not occur.

Theflap part 208 is arranged at the upper edge of thebase plate 210 and can extend inwards and abut against the alveolar edge, and at the moment, a bone grafting space for filling bone grafting materials can be formed between the mandible surface and thebase plate 210.

Thesubstrate 210 is provided with a plurality ofmicropores 607, themicropores 607 are communicated with the inner side and the outer side of thesubstrate 210, the pore diameter of themicropores 607 is 0.05-0.1mm, themicropores 607 are used for preventing external cells from entering the bone grafting material and not blocking the passing of nutrient substances, and the filtering function of movement is achieved.

When the cap-free type positioner 1 is used for connecting the row-shapedbrackets 2, bone holes are formed in the maxilla or the mandible firstly, then the cap-free type positioner 1 is nailed into the bone holes, then the row-shapedbrackets 2 are spliced to a proper length and attached to the cap-free type positioner 1, the inner side of the edge of the row-shapedbrackets 2 is attached to the tail of the cap-free type positioner 1, and then the attachment positions are welded together through the ultrasonic system 7.

When the cap-type positioner 1 is used for connecting the row-shapedbracket 2, bone holes are firstly formed in the maxilla or the mandible, then the row-shapedbracket 2 is provided with holes corresponding to the positions of the bone holes, and the cap-type positioner 1 penetrates through the row-shapedbracket 2 and is nailed into the bone holes, so that the row-shapedbracket 2 is fixed to the mandible or the maxilla.

After thecap type positioner 1 or the cap-free type positioner 1 is connected with the row-shapedbracket 2, the dental implant base body is required to be inserted into thealveolar socket 51, then bone grafting materials are poured into the gap space among thealveolar bone 5, the row-shapedbracket 2 and the dental implant base body, the bone grafting materials are poured only by pulling thevalve part 208 open, and after the pouring is finished, thevalve part 208 is restored.

Example 9

As shown in fig. 18, the present invention discloses an ultrasonic system 7, the ultrasonic system 7 includes awelder body 701 and abuccal propeller 702, alingual shaper 703, a secondlingual propeller 705, a firstlingual propeller 704, abuccal shaper 706, etc. connected to thewelder body 701, respectively, thewelder body 701 is a commercially available ultrasonic generator; transducers corresponding to the ultrasonic generators are arranged in thebuccal propeller 702, thelingual shaper 703, the secondlingual propeller 705, the firstlingual propeller 704 and thebuccal shaper 706, and the difference of the five transducers is that the transducers have different power and working frequency and different working tips; low frequency vibration transducers are provided in the buccal-lateral thruster 702, the second lingual-thruster 705 and the lingual-thrusters, the buccal-lateral thruster 702, the second lingual-thruster 705 and the first lingual-thruster 704 acting to couple thefixture 1 and to thrust thefixture 1 into the bone hole; high frequency vibration transducers are arranged on the cheek-side shaper 706 and the lingual-side shaper 703, and the cheek-side shaper 706 and the lingual-side shaper 703 function to weld the contact positions of the row ofbrackets 2 or theretainer 1 together.

Thebuccal propeller 702 has a conical working tip, thebuccal shaper 706 has a convex disc-shaped working head, thelingual shaper 703, the secondlingual pusher 705, and the firstlingual pusher 704 have barb-shaped working heads, wherein the working head of thelingual shaper 703 has a circular arc shape, the working head of the secondlingual pusher 705 has a receptacle for inserting thecapless retainer 1, and the working head of the firstlingual pusher 704 has a t-shape.

The steps of the artificial reconstruction of thealveolar bone 5 by using thecap type locator 1 are as follows:

s 1: a plurality of bone holes are formed on the edge of the jaw bone surface area to be repaired by using a bone drill;

s 2: taking the firstlingual thruster 704 and thebuccal thruster 702 for standby;

s 3: forming holes in the connectingedge part 603 of the preformedbracket 6, wherein the hole forming positions need to correspond to bone holes one by one, fixing the cappedlocator 1 on the working tip of thebuccal propeller 702, and placing the cappedlocator 1 in the holes formed in the periphery of the preformedbracket 6;

s 4: inserting eachlocator 1 into a corresponding bone hole, starting awelding machine body 701, and pushing thelocator 1 into the bone hole by using a firstlingual thruster 704 or abuccal thruster 702;

s 5: form three-dimensional bone grafting space between preformingsupport 6 and human jaw bone face, pack into commercially available bone grafting material in three-dimensional bone grafting space, form the early structure of preforming bone, bone grafting material and alveolar bone fuse together and preformingsupport 6 andlocator 1 rather than dissolving and absorbing for the back, accomplishalveolar bone 5 artificial reconstruction promptly.

The steps when using the cap-free type locator 1 to carry out the artificial reconstruction of thealveolar bone 5 are as follows:

s 1: a plurality of bone holes are formed on the edge of the jaw bone surface area to be repaired by using a bone drill;

s 2: taking a firstlingual propeller 704, abuccal propeller 702, abuccal shaper 706 and alingual shaper 703 for standby; s 3: fixing thecap-less fixture 1 on the tip of the buccal-side pusher 702 or the second lingual-side pusher 705, inserting eachfixture 1 into the corresponding bone hole, and pushing thefixture 1 into the bone hole using the second lingual-side pusher 705 or the buccal-side pusher 702;

s 4: and (3) attaching the connectingedge part 603 of the preformedsupport 6 to the tail part of eachuncapped locator 1, and welding by using abuccal side shaper 706 or alingual side shaper 703 to integrally connect thelocator 1 and the preformedsupport 6, wherein the working frequency of awelding machine body 701 is 20-40 KHz and the output power is 12-50w during welding.

s 5: form three-dimensional bone grafting space between preformingsupport 6 and human jaw bone face, fill in three-dimensional bone grafting space and implant bone material, form the early structure of preforming bone, implant bone material and alveolar bone and fuse as an organic whole and preformingsupport 6 andlocator 1 rather than dissolving and absorbing for the back, accomplishalveolar bone 5 artificial reconstruction promptly.

The above examples are merely examples for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the embodiments; other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

The above examples are merely examples for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the embodiments; other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种用于牙槽骨重建的支架结构，用于盖覆在缺失牙处的牙槽骨颌骨面的颊侧或舌侧上，其特征在于,包括：1. a support structure for alveolar bone reconstruction, for covering the buccal side or the lingual side of the alveolar bone maxillofacial surface of the missing tooth place, is characterized in that, comprises:L字形的预成型支架(6)，其宽度与单牙的牙槽窝(51)宽度相当；The L-shaped preformed bracket (6) has a width equivalent to the width of the alveolar socket (51) of a single tooth;横向活瓣部(601)，构成所述预成型支架(6)的横向部分，且能够覆盖牙槽沿到牙根处的颌骨面的横向区域；a transverse valve portion (601), which constitutes a transverse portion of the preformed bracket (6), and can cover the transverse region of the jawbone surface from the alveolar to the root of the tooth;纵向基体部(602)，构成所述预成型支架(6)的竖向部分，并与所述横向活瓣部(601)连接呈L形；所述纵向基体部(602)能够覆盖牙槽沿到牙根处的颌骨面的竖向区域；The longitudinal base part (602) constitutes the vertical part of the preformed bracket (6), and is connected with the transverse valve part (601) in an L shape; the longitudinal base part (602) can cover the alveolar ridge The vertical area of the maxillary surface to the root of the tooth;连接沿部(603)设置在所述预成型支架(6)的竖向部分的的边沿，并用于连接嵌设在牙槽骨上的定位器(1)；The connecting edge (603) is arranged on the edge of the vertical part of the preformed bracket (6), and is used for connecting the locator (1) embedded in the alveolar bone;在预成型支架(6)与牙槽骨(5)的颌骨面之间形成用于植骨填料(4)填充的植骨空间；A bone graft space for filling with a bone graft filler (4) is formed between the preformed bracket (6) and the maxillary surface of the alveolar bone (5);还包括排状支架(2)，用于多牙缺失的牙槽骨重建，其宽度与缺失多牙的牙槽窝(51)总宽度相当；排状支架(2)沿其长度方向由多个单元板(203)拼接而成；Also included is a row-shaped bracket (2), which is used for alveolar bone reconstruction with multiple missing teeth, and its width is equal to the total width of the alveolar socket (51) with missing multiple teeth; the row-shaped bracket (2) is composed of a plurality of The unit boards (203) are spliced together;每个单元板(203)包括基板、侧臂(205)、轴柱部(206)和环扣部(204)，基板呈弧板状，侧臂(205)设置在基板的左侧，环扣部(204)设置在基板的右侧，轴柱部(206)设置在侧臂(205)上，在单元板(203)的内侧设置有孔槽；当两个单元板(203)对接时，一个单元板(203)左侧的侧臂(205)穿入到另一个单元板(203)的环扣部(204)内，然后进入伸入使得轴柱部(206)插入到另一个单元板(203)上的腰形孔槽内。Each unit board (203) includes a base plate, a side arm (205), a shaft column portion (206) and a loop portion (204). The part (204) is arranged on the right side of the base plate, the shaft column part (206) is arranged on the side arm (205), and a hole and groove is arranged on the inner side of the unit plate (203); when the two unit plates (203) are butted together, The side arm (205) on the left side of one unit plate (203) penetrates into the loop portion (204) of the other unit plate (203), and then enters and protrudes so that the shaft column portion (206) is inserted into the other unit plate (203) in the waist-shaped hole groove.2.如权利要求1所述的用于牙槽骨重建的支架结构，其特征在于，纵向基体部(602)上设置有背向于植骨填料(4)的填充空间凸起的扩容部(608)。2. The bracket structure for alveolar bone reconstruction according to claim 1, characterized in that, the longitudinal base portion (602) is provided with a protruding expansion portion (602) facing away from the filling space of the bone graft filler (4). 608).3.如权利要求2所述的用于牙槽骨重建的支架结构，其特征在于,在预成型支架(6)上设置有用于隔离细胞并允许营养物质通过的微孔(607)；纵向基体部(602)和横向活瓣部(601)面向颌骨的一面为粗糙的骨质面(604)，纵向基体部(602)和横向活瓣部(601)背向颌骨的一面为光滑的粘膜面(606)。3. The scaffold structure for alveolar bone reconstruction according to claim 2, characterized in that, the preformed scaffold (6) is provided with micropores (607) for isolating cells and allowing nutrients to pass through; the longitudinal matrix The side of the part (602) and the transverse valve part (601) facing the jawbone is rough bony surface (604), and the side of the longitudinal base part (602) and the transverse valve part (601) facing away from the jawbone is smooth mucosal surface (606).4.如权利要求3所述的用于牙槽骨重建的支架结构，其特征在于,所述预成型支架(6)还包括侧翼部，侧翼部自纵向基体部(602)的左侧或右侧延伸至牙槽骨的颌骨面处。4. The bracket structure for alveolar bone reconstruction according to claim 3, wherein the preformed bracket (6) further comprises a side wing portion, and the side wing portion is formed from the left or right side of the longitudinal base portion (602). It extends laterally to the maxillary surface of the alveolar bone.5.如权利要求1所述的用于牙槽骨重建的支架结构，其特征在于,在单元板(203)的内侧设置有孔槽为腰形孔槽，并且两个单元板(203)可以相互靠近或远离，其可移动的距离受腰形孔槽的长度限制。5. The bracket structure for alveolar bone reconstruction according to claim 1, wherein the inner side of the unit plate (203) is provided with a hole groove that is a waist-shaped hole groove, and the two unit plates (203) can be Close to or away from each other, the movable distance is limited by the length of the waist-shaped hole.6.如权利要求1所述的用于牙槽骨重建的支架结构，其特征在于,环扣部(204)和侧臂(205)均连接在基板的内侧；在基板上设置有若干微孔(607)，微孔(607)连通基板的内外两侧，微孔(607)过滤外部细胞并允许营养物质的通过。6. The bracket structure for alveolar bone reconstruction according to claim 1, wherein the buckle portion (204) and the side arm (205) are both connected to the inner side of the base plate; a plurality of micro holes are provided on the base plate (607), the micropores (607) communicate with the inner and outer sides of the substrate, and the micropores (607) filter external cells and allow the passage of nutrients.7.如权利要求1所述的用于牙槽骨重建的支架结构，其特征在于,在基板的上沿处设置有活瓣部，该活瓣部的一侧延伸至牙槽沿处，并在颌骨面与基板之间形成植骨空间。7. The support structure for alveolar bone reconstruction according to claim 1, wherein a flap portion is provided on the upper edge of the base plate, and one side of the flap portion extends to the alveolar edge, and A bone graft space is formed between the maxillary surface and the baseplate.8.如权利要求1所述的用于牙槽骨重建的支架结构，其特征在于,定位器用于以非螺纹方式插入牙槽骨(5)中，定位器和支架结构由可由人体吸收的热熔性材料制成，该定位器包括柱状部(103)和桩头部(105)，柱状部(103)呈柱形，在柱状部(103)的周面上设置有若干凸起，所有凸起沿柱状部(103)的长度方向分布，相邻凸起错位设置并在相邻凸起之间形成用于骨粉收集的刮集槽(104)；桩头部(105)与柱状部(103)设置为一体成型，桩头部(105)位于柱状部(103)钉入端，在桩头部(105)上设置有V形槽(106)，V形槽(106)的开口方向与桩头部(105)的钉入方向相同；该V形槽(106)用于骨渣聚集。8. The bracket structure for alveolar bone reconstruction according to claim 1, characterized in that the locator is used to insert into the alveolar bone (5) in a non-threaded manner, and the locator and the bracket structure are made of heat that can be absorbed by the human body. Made of molten material, the locator includes a columnar part (103) and a pile head (105). Distributed along the length direction of the columnar part (103), adjacent protrusions are dislocated and a scraping groove (104) for collecting bone powder is formed between the adjacent protrusions; the pile head (105) and the columnar part (103) ) is integrally formed, the pile head (105) is located at the nailing end of the columnar part (103), and the pile head (105) is provided with a V-shaped groove (106), and the opening direction of the V-shaped groove (106) is the same as the pile head (106). The head (105) is driven in the same direction; the V-shaped groove (106) is used for bone debris accumulation.

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