Electrode needle with ablation boundary temperature measurement suitable for tumor treatmentTechnical Field
The invention particularly relates to the technical field of microwave ablation, in particular to an electrode needle with ablation boundary temperature measurement suitable for tumor treatment.
Background
Microwave ablation is to puncture a special microwave needle (electrode needle) to the central area of tumor percutaneously, and a certain point of the microwave needle contains a millimeter-sized micro microwave oven, and the microwave magnetic field released by the microwave needle can make the surrounding molecules rotate at high speed and rise temperature by friction, so that the tissue is coagulated, dehydrated and killed, and the purpose of treatment is achieved. The microwave ablation system mainly comprises three parts, namely a microwave generator, a cooling device and a disposable electrode, wherein the microwave generator provides a microwave magnetic field for the disposable electrode, and the cooling device is used for cooling high temperature caused by the electrode in the ablation process.
At present, the application of microwave ablation in clinic mainly focuses on treating diseases of liver, lung, kidney and other solid organs, and the reason for limiting the application is that the traditional ablation technology has the following defects in the using process:
1. the rigidity strength of the traditional electrode needle is not enough, so that the special application scene cannot be met, and the application range of a microwave ablation system is greatly limited;
2. the existing electrode needle cannot perform ablation according to a predetermined ablation range, an ablation boundary needs to be confirmed by means of auxiliary imaging equipment such as ultrasound and CT (computed tomography), and coordination and cooperation of doctors in multiple departments are needed in clinical application, so that the existing electrode needle is poor in clinical popularization and usability;
3. because the ablation boundary is difficult to control accurately, in clinical application, the application range of the traditional electrode needle is greatly limited, and the traditional electrode needle cannot be applied to tumor treatment of dangerous parts and tiny disease areas;
4. in the microwave ablation process, the ablation temperature has important reference significance for controlling the ablation process and evaluating the ablation effect, but the conventional electrode needle cannot dynamically monitor the ablation temperature in real time, so that the accurate control of the ablation process is influenced to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to increase the rigidity of an electrode needle, expand the tumor treatment range of the electrode needle and realize the accurate control of the tumor ablation range, and provides the electrode needle with the ablation boundary temperature measurement, which is suitable for treating tumors at dangerous positions or in tiny disease areas.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is that,
the electrode needle with the ablation boundary temperature measurement function is suitable for tumor treatment, the diameter of a needle body in a radiation area of the electrode needle is smaller than that of a needle body in a non-radiation area of the electrode needle, a temperature measurement device is arranged on the outer wall of the needle body in the radiation area of the electrode needle, the temperature measured by the temperature measurement device is related to the tumor ablation range of the electrode needle, and the measured temperature is transmitted to a microwave ablation system by the temperature measurement device.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an outer sleeve is sleeved on a needle body of the non-radiation region of the electrode needle.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer sleeve is a metal sleeve.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the metal sleeve is made of stainless steel.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, after the temperature measuring device is arranged on the electrode needle, the tube diameter of the needle body in the radiation area of the electrode needle is not larger than that of the needle body in the non-radiation area of the electrode needle.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, after the temperature measuring device is arranged on the electrode needle, the tube diameter of the needle body in the radiation area of the electrode needle is not more than that of the needle body sleeved with the outer sleeve in the non-radiation area of the electrode needle.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the temperature measuring device is a temperature sensor.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature measuring device includes a plurality of temperature sensors, and each of the temperature sensors is disposed above and below an outer wall of the needle body in the radiation region of the electrode needle.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature measuring device is connected to an external transmission device, and the temperature measuring device is movable on the outer wall of the electrode needle in the radiation region of the electrode needle by an external transmission force and is fixed at a designated position.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, a gap is reserved between the outer sleeve and the electrode needle body, and a connecting wire penetrates through the gap to realize interconnection of the temperature measuring device and the microwave ablation system and realize transmission connection of the temperature measuring device and the external transmission device.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the rigidity of the electrode needle is increased by thickening the tube diameter of the needle body in the non-radiation area of the electrode needle, so that the electrode needle can meet the application scene with higher requirement on strength, and the tumor treatment range of the electrode needle is expanded.
2. The electrode needle provided by the invention has the ablation boundary monitoring function by additionally arranging the temperature measuring device in the radiation area of the electrode needle and correlating the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device with the size of the tumor ablation area of the electrode needle, so that the accurate control of the tumor ablation range is facilitated, and the problem that the existing electrode needle is difficult to carry out tumor treatment on dangerous parts or tiny disease areas is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode needle with ablation boundary thermometry according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the temperature measuring device arranged on the electrode needle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the electrode needle secured to an ablation device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the distance between the temperature measuring device and the ablation region and the ablation range;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of an ablation boundary of the electrode needle.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
As shown in fig. 1, the diameter of the needle body in theradiation area 100 of the electrode needle is smaller than the diameter of the needle body in thenon-radiation area 200 of the electrode needle, and the rigidity of the electrode needle is improved by thickening the diameter of the needle body in thenon-radiation area 200, so that the electrode needle can meet the application requirement of a scene with a higher rigidity requirement, and the diameter of the needle body in theradiation area 100 of the electrode needle is not thickened, so that the thickness requirement of a tumor focus on the electrode needle is not influenced. In order to further enhance the rigidity of the electrode needle, it is preferable that theouter sleeve 1 is sleeved on the needle body of thenon-radiation region 200 of the electrode needle. Theouter sleeve 1 is preferably a metal tube, more preferably made of stainless steel.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the temperature measuring device arranged on the electrode needle, as shown in fig. 2, thetemperature measuring device 2 is arranged on the outer wall of the needle body of theradiation region 100 of the electrode needle, the temperature measured by thetemperature measuring device 2 is related to the tumor ablation range of the electrode needle, and thetemperature measuring device 2 transmits the measured temperature to the microwave ablation system for further data analysis.
After the temperature measuringdevice 2 is arranged on the electrode needle, in order not to affect the whole tube diameter of the electrode needle and thus the applicability of the electrode needle, preferably, after thetemperature measuring device 2 is arranged on the electrode needle, the tube diameter of the needle body of theradiation area 100 of the electrode needle is not larger than that of the needle body of thenon-radiation area 200 of the electrode needle.
Because the invention preferably sleeves theouter sleeve 1 on thenon-radiation area 200 of the electrode needle to increase the rigidity of the electrode needle, in order to avoid influencing the applicability of the electrode needle due to the problem of the pipe diameter size of the electrode needle, preferably, after the temperature measuringdevice 2 is arranged on the electrode needle, the pipe diameter of the needle body of theradiation area 100 of the electrode needle is not larger than the pipe diameter of the needle body of thenon-radiation area 200 sleeved with theouter sleeve 1.
Thetemperature measuring device 2 is preferably temperature sensors, the number of the temperature sensors can be reasonably set according to actual needs, and the temperature sensors are vertically arranged on the outer wall of the electrode needle in theradiation area 100 of the electrode needle. Usually, two temperature sensors are arranged on the outer wall of the needle body in theradiation area 100 of the electrode needle. The following briefly explains the process of the microwave ablation system for accurately controlling the microwave ablation range according to the temperature information transmitted by the temperature sensors in real time by taking two temperature sensors as an example:
as shown in fig. 4, for example, when the temperature measured by the temperature sensor disposed at a position a on the electrode needle reaches 55 ℃ (the temperature threshold value is obtained by summarizing experience according to the distance between the temperature sensor and the ablation region), it means that the circular diameter of the ablation region of the electrode needle reaches 2cm, and if the ablation range initially set by the microwave ablation system is a circular region with a diameter of 2cm, the microwave ablation system stops the ablation process and gives an alarm.
For another example, when the temperature measured by the temperature sensor arranged at the position B on the electrode needle reaches 55 ℃, it indicates that the circular diameter of the ablation region of the electrode needle reaches 3cm, and if the tumor ablation range initially set by the microwave ablation system is a circular region with a diameter of 3cm, the microwave ablation system stops the ablation process and gives an alarm.
In order to be able to adapt to the boundary monitoring of ablation regions of different sizes, the temperature measuring device is preferably connected with an external transmission device, and the temperature measuring device can move on the outer wall of the needle body of theradiation region 100 of the electrode needle and is fixed at a specified position under the action of the external transmission force. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, theablation device 3 for mounting theelectrode needle 300 is provided with atransmission device 31, thetransmission device 31 is connected with thetemperature measuring device 2 arranged on the electrode needle through a transmission cable, a user can control thetemperature measuring device 2 to move on the outer wall of the needle body of theradiation region 100 of the electrode needle through thetransmission device 31, and fix the temperature measuringdevice 2 at a designated position, so as to change the relative distance between thetemperature measuring device 2 and the ablation region, and further realize the boundary monitoring of the ablation regions of different sizes.
In order to prevent the cables connecting thetemperature measuring device 2 and the microwave ablation system and connecting thetemperature measuring device 2 and theexternal transmission device 31 from affecting the diameter of the needle body of the electrode needle, preferably, as shown in fig. 2, agap 4 is left between theouter sleeve 1 and the body of the electrode needle, and the connecting cables penetrate through thegap 4 to realize the interconnection of the temperature measuringdevice 2 and the microwave ablation system and the transmission connection of the temperature measuringdevice 2 and theexternal transmission device 31.
The method for microwave ablation by using the electrode needle provided by the invention is briefly explained as follows:
turning on the microwave generator to confirm that the electrode needle can work normally;
according to the initially set ablation range, adjusting the temperature measuring device to a specified position in an incidence relation with the set ablation range through an external transmission device, wherein the temperature measuring device is used for monitoring the boundary of the ablation region in real time;
placing the adjusted electrode needle in a target ablation area;
the microwave generator carries out microwave ablation on the focus according to the set power and ablation time;
when the boundary of the ablation region falls within the monitoring range of the temperature measuring device, for example, when the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device reaches 55 ℃, it indicates that the circular diameter of the ablation region reaches 2cm at this time, as shown in fig. 5, that is, the target ablation boundary of the current electrode needle reaches the preset ablation boundary, and at this time, the microwave generator stops generating microwaves and gives an alarm.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.