CN112436277A - Array antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

An embodiment of the present invention provides an array antenna, including: the power dividing and combining circuit comprises a radiation unit array and a power dividing and combining circuit assembly; the power dividing and combining circuit assembly is connected with the radiating unit array; the power dividing and combining assembly is used for synthesizing input signals of a plurality of frequency bands and outputting the synthesized signals through the radiation unit array to realize frequency multiplexing. The array antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention is connected with the radiation unit array through the power dividing and combining assembly, the power dividing and combining assembly synthesizes signals of a plurality of frequency bands and sends the synthesized signals to the radiation unit array, the array antenna can be simultaneously shared by a plurality of frequency bands, the equipment requirement of a plurality of frequency band coverage scenes can be met, the investment of single-frequency-band antenna equipment can be reduced, and the space of a sky can be saved.

Description

Array antenna

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of wireless communication, in particular to an array antenna.

Background

Currently, the global 5G coverage Sub 6G frequency band mainly comprises a 2.6GHz frequency band, a 3.5GHz frequency band and a 4.9GHz frequency band.

In the current network application, if a wireless signal needs to cover two frequency bands simultaneously, two sets of AAU equipment need to be installed on a tower. The 5G coverage space on the existing iron tower is limited, and the antenna sharing a plurality of single frequency bands cannot be built in the same space. Although the requirement that the wireless signal covers two frequency bands simultaneously can be met by newly building the base station, the cost of building the base station is higher, and the resource utilization rate is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides an array antenna, which is used for solving the problem that the antenna in the prior art cannot meet the requirement of multi-band sharing, realizing that antenna signals can cover multiple bands simultaneously and saving the space of a sky.

An embodiment of the present invention provides an array antenna, including: the power dividing and combining circuit comprises a radiation unit array and a power dividing and combining circuit assembly;

the power dividing and combining circuit assembly is connected with the radiating unit array;

the power dividing and combining assembly is used for synthesizing input signals of a plurality of frequency bands and outputting the synthesized signals through the radiation unit array to realize frequency multiplexing.

The array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes: a feed network assembly;

the feed network assembly is connected with the power dividing and combining assembly;

wherein the feed network component comprises a plurality of phase shifters.

According to the array antenna of one embodiment of the present invention, the radiation element array includes at least one polarization array;

the polar array comprises two adjacent sub-arrays;

the sub-array comprises a preset number of adjacent radiating elements;

the power dividing and combining assembly comprises at least one combiner and at least one power divider;

each channel unit is formed by sequentially connecting one combiner, one power divider and one subarray;

the combiner is used for combining a plurality of input frequency band signals and outputting the signals through the radiation unit connected with the power divider to realize frequency multiplexing;

the number of the combiners, the number of the power dividers and the number of the sub-arrays included in the array antenna are the same.

According to the array antenna of one embodiment of the present invention, the radiation element array includes at least one polarization array;

the polarized array comprises two four adjacent sub-arrays;

the sub-array comprises a preset number of adjacent radiating elements;

the power dividing and combining assembly comprises at least four combiners and at least four power dividers;

each channel unit consists of a plurality of phase shifters, two combiners, two power dividers and two sub-arrays;

in the channel unit, each subarray is respectively connected with two power dividers, each power divider is connected with one combiner, and each phase shifter is respectively connected with two combiners;

the combiner is used for combining a plurality of input frequency band signals and outputting the signals through the radiation unit connected with the power divider to realize frequency multiplexing;

the number of the combiners and the number of the power dividers included in the array antenna are the same, and the number of the combiners and the number of the power dividers is the same as the number of the sub-arrays included in the radiation unit array.

According to the array antenna of an embodiment of the present invention, in any one of the channel units, the number of the phase shifters is the same as the number of the frequency bands, and each of the phase shifters in the channel unit corresponds to one of the frequency bands.

According to the array antenna of one embodiment of the present invention, the predetermined number is 2 to 8.

According to the array antenna of one embodiment of the present invention, the preset number is 3.

According to the array antenna of one embodiment of the present invention, the frequency band isolation of the combiner is greater than a preset threshold.

The array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes: the device comprises a motor transmission assembly, a T/R assembly and an interlayer reflecting plate;

the motor transmission assembly is connected with the phase shifters and used for controlling the plurality of phase shifters and independently electrically adjusting the downward inclination angle corresponding to each frequency band;

the T/R assembly is connected with the feed network assembly;

the interlayer reflecting plate is respectively connected with the power dividing and combining path assembly and the feed network assembly.

According to the array antenna of one embodiment of the present invention, the phase shifter is a dielectric phase shifter or a PCB phase shifter.

The array antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention is connected with the radiation unit array through the power dividing and combining assembly, the power dividing and combining assembly synthesizes signals of a plurality of frequency bands and sends the synthesized signals to the radiation unit array, the array antenna can be simultaneously shared by a plurality of frequency bands, the equipment requirement of a plurality of frequency band coverage scenes can be met, the investment of single-frequency-band antenna equipment can be reduced, and the space of a sky can be saved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a channel unit of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a channel unit of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding network component of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have specific orientations, be configured in specific orientations, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In order to overcome the above problems in the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides an array antenna, which is designed to combine signals of multiple frequency bands into one path through a combiner, and output the combined signal through a radiation unit, so that the array antenna is simultaneously shared by multiple frequency bands.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. An array antenna of an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1, the array antenna includes: an array ofradiating elements 101 and a power splitting and combiningcomponent 102.

The array antenna is an antenna in which at least two antenna elements (i.e., radiation elements) are regularly or randomly arranged and a signal preset radiation characteristic is obtained by proper excitation. The array antenna may provide higher gain and may also provide more degrees of freedom for beamforming of the antenna.

In a traditional array antenna, the antenna can only work in one frequency band at the same time, and in an application scene covered by a plurality of frequency bands, each frequency band needs to be configured with one array antenna.

In the embodiment of the present invention, theradiation element array 101 is formed by regularly arranging a plurality of antenna elements.

The power splitting/combiningelement 102 is connected to theradiating element array 101.

And the power splitting and combiningmodule 102 is configured to combine the input signals of multiple frequency bands and output the combined signals through theradiation unit array 101, so as to implement frequency multiplexing.

The frequency band refers to a frequency range of electromagnetic waves. The frequency band used in wireless communication includes a plurality of frequency bands such as a 2.6GHz frequency band, a 3.5GHz frequency band, and a 4.9GHz frequency band.

The power splitting/combiningmodule 102 may combine signals of multiple frequency bands, and send the combined signal to theradiation unit array 101, thereby implementing frequency band multiplexing of theradiation unit array 101.

The embodiment of the invention is connected with the radiation unit array through the power dividing and combining assembly, the power dividing and combining assembly synthesizes signals of a plurality of frequency bands and sends the synthesized signals to the radiation unit array, thereby realizing that the array antenna is simultaneously shared by a plurality of frequency bands, meeting the equipment requirement of a plurality of frequency band coverage scenes, reducing the investment of single-frequency-band antenna equipment and saving the space of a sky.

Based on the content of the foregoing embodiments, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the array antenna further includes: a feednet assembly 203.

And anetwork feeding component 203 connected to the power splitting and combiningcomponent 102.

Wherein thefeed network component 203 comprises a plurality ofphase shifters 204.

Specifically, the power splitting and combiningelement 102 is electrically connected to a plurality ofphase shifters 204 included in thefeeding network element 203.

The manner of electrical connection may include, but is not limited to, a microstrip line connection. For example, the power splitting and combiningelement 102 may be electrically connected to the plurality ofphase shifters 204 through microstrip lines.

The microstrip line is a microwave transmission line formed by a single conductor strip supported on a dielectric substrate, belongs to a wireless cable, and has good power distribution consistency and standing wave matching characteristics.

Thephase shifters 204 are connected with thefeed network component 203 in a welding manner, so that thefeed network component 203 has good matching characteristics as a whole, and signal mismatch is avoided.

Thefeed network module 203 is connected to the power splitting/combiningmodule 102, and can communicate with the radiatingelement array 101 to form a signal transmission path. Thefeed network component 203 can control parameters such as standing wave ratio, radiation frequency, beam pointing direction and downtilt angle of theradiation unit array 101.

Thephase shifter 204 is used for controlling the phase of the input signal, and further, the downtilt angle of the signal sent by the antenna can be adjusted in an electrically adjusting manner. Correspondingly, the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention is an electric tilt antenna array.

Specifically, thephase shifter 204 may adjust the downtilt angle at which the antenna emits a signal by changing the phase of the excitation signal of the antennaradiation element array 101 so that the antenna beam pointing direction changes.

Thephase shifter 204 may also control the phase of the input signal, so that the number of channels in the array antenna may be reduced on the basis that the basic performance of the antenna remains unchanged, thereby reducing the equipment investment cost, simplifying the equipment structure, and reducing the equipment operation power consumption.

The embodiment of the invention can adjust the downward inclination angle of the signal sent by the array antenna by connecting the power dividing and combining assembly with the plurality of phase shifters included in the feed network assembly, reduce the number of channels on the basis of keeping the basic performance of the antenna unchanged, reduce the input cost of equipment, simplify the structure of the equipment and reduce the running power consumption of the equipment.

Based on the content of the foregoing embodiments, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a channel unit of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the array of radiatingelements 101 includes at least one polarization array.

The antenna polarization can describe the vector space direction of electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna, and because the electric field and the magnetic field have a constant relationship, the space direction of the electric field vector is generally used as the polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna.

The polarising array may obtain all or part (at least one dimension) of the electromagnetic vector.

The polarized array has strong anti-interference capability, stable detection capability, high resolution capability and polarized multiple access capability.

The array of radiatingelements 101 comprises at least one polarising array. If theradiation element array 101 includes a plurality of polarization arrays, the polarization arrays are arranged in a regular manner, the number of polarization arrays arranged in each row and each column is fixed, and the distance between two adjacent polarization arrays is fixed. The two adjacent polarized arrays can be vertically adjacent or horizontally adjacent.

It should be noted that theradiation element array 101 includes a polarization array that is a dual-polarization array.

The polar array comprises two adjacent sub-arrays.

Specifically, the polarization directions of two adjacent sub-arrays are orthogonal to each other, and may be referred to as a positive polarized sub-array and a negative polarized sub-array, respectively.

Two adjacent subarrays are arranged according to a rule to form a polarized array, wherein the two adjacent subarrays can be vertically adjacent.

If the radiatingelement array 101 includes a plurality of polarized arrays, the distance between any two adjacent sub-arrays in theradiating element array 101 is fixed.

The sub-array includes a preset number ofadjacent radiating elements 205. The preset number may be plural.

Theradiation elements 205 are arranged in a regular array to form a sub-array, whereinadjacent radiation elements 205 may be adjacent to each other up and down.

Further, theradiation unit 205 constitutes theradiation unit array 101 as the most basic unit. All theradiation elements 205 in theradiation element array 101 are arranged regularly, the number of theradiation elements 205 arranged in each row and each column is fixed, and the distance between twoadjacent radiation elements 205 is fixed. The twoadjacent radiation units 205 may be adjacent to each other left and right, or adjacent to each other up and down.

The pitch of the rows of radiatingelements 205 may affect the main lobe beam of the antenna. The array pitch of theradiation units 205 can be determined according to actual conditions, and the directional pattern beams of different frequency bands at a large vertical downward inclination angle and a large horizontal scanning angle can be ensured to be in a normal state by adjusting the array pitch of theradiation units 205.

The radiatingelement 205 may be a broadband dual-polarized radiating array, which has a low profile characteristic and a dual-resonance design, and has good radiation characteristics and matching characteristics in multiple frequency bands.

Theradiation unit 205 may be connected to the power splitting and combiningelement 102 by welding.

The power splitting/combiningmodule 102 includes at least onecombiner 301 and at least onepower splitter 302.

Thecombiner 301 may have two or more input ports, but only one output port, and thecombiner 301 may avoid the mutual influence between the signals of the respective ports.

Thepower divider 302 is used for dividing the input signal into two or more equal or unequal output signals. Thepower divider 302 may have two or more output ports, but only one input port.

Each channel unit is formed by sequentially connecting acombiner 301, apower divider 302 and a sub-array.

Channel unit refers to all the components that make up the channel.

In each channel unit, each output port of onepower divider 302 may be connected to eachradiation unit 205 included in one sub-array by welding; the input port of thepower divider 302 is connected to the output port of onecombiner 301.

Signals of a plurality of frequency bands can be output through the corresponding channel of each channel unit.

And acombiner 301, configured to combine the input multiple frequency band signals, and output the combined signal through aradiation unit 205 connected to thepower divider 302, so as to implement frequency multiplexing.

Specifically, an input port of thecombiner 301 receives a plurality of frequency band signals, and after thecombiner 301 combines the received frequency band signals, the combined signal is output to an input port of thepower divider 302 through an output port of thecombiner 301.

After the input port of thepower divider 302 receives the composite signal, the composite signal is divided into a plurality of paths with equal or unequal outputs according to the number of theradiation units 205 connected to thepower divider 302, and the output signals are output to theradiation units 205 connected to the output ports through each output port of thepower divider 302.

Eachradiation unit 205 outputs each received composite signal.

The number ofcombiners 301, the number ofpower dividers 302 and the number of sub-arrays included in the array antenna are the same.

Thecombiner 301, thepower divider 301 and the sub-arrays included in the array antenna have a one-to-one correspondence relationship.

To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the array antenna is described below by way of an example.

The array antenna comprises a radiation unit array and a power splitting and combining component.

The radiation unit array is formed by arranging 192 radiation units regularly. The radiation unit is a dual-polarized broadband radiation array. All the radiation elements are divided into 12 rows, and 8 radiation arrays are arranged in each row. The distance between the two adjacent radiation units on the left and the right and the distance between the two adjacent radiation units on the up and down are respectively fixed.

The radiation element in the first row and the first column in the radiation element array is used as a starting point, and 3 radiation elements in the first column are sequentially used as a sub-array. The first column of the array of radiating elements includes 4 sub-arrays, which may be referred to as a positive polarization array, a negative polarization array, a positive polarization array, and a negative polarization array, respectively. The remaining columns in the array of radiating elements can be analogized, with each column comprising 4 sub-arrays.

The power divider comprises 3 output ports, the 3 output ports of the power divider are respectively connected with the 3 radiation units in each sub-array, and the input port of the power divider is connected with the output port of the combiner.

The 3 radiation units, one power divider and one combiner form one channel unit, and the radiation unit array comprises 64 channel units.

Signals of a plurality of frequency bands can be output through 64 channels corresponding to the 64 channel units.

The embodiment of the invention sequentially connects a combiner, a power divider and a subarray to form each channel unit, the combiner synthesizes a plurality of input frequency band signals, and the signals are output by the radiation unit connected with the power divider, so that the array antenna can be simultaneously shared by multiple frequency bands, the equipment requirement of a scene covered by the multiple frequency bands can be met, the investment of single-frequency-band antenna equipment can be reduced, and the space of a sky can be saved.

Based on the content of the foregoing embodiments, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a channel unit of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the array of radiatingelements 101 includes at least one polarization array.

The antenna polarization can describe the vector space direction of electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna, and because the electric field and the magnetic field have a constant relationship, the space direction of the electric field vector is generally used as the polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna.

The polarising array may obtain all or part (at least one dimension) of the electromagnetic vector.

The polarized array has strong anti-interference capability, stable detection capability, high resolution capability and polarized multiple access capability.

The array of radiatingelements 101 comprises at least one polarising array. If theradiation element array 101 includes a plurality of polarization arrays, the polarization arrays are arranged in a regular manner, the number of polarization arrays arranged in each row and each column is fixed, and the distance between two adjacent polarization arrays is fixed. The two adjacent polarized arrays can be vertically adjacent or horizontally adjacent.

It should be noted that theradiation element array 101 includes a polarization array that is a dual-polarization array.

The polar array comprises four adjacent sub-arrays.

Specifically, the four adjacent sub-arrays may be divided into two groups, the first two sub-arrays in the arrangement direction of the sub-arrays are a first group, the second two sub-arrays are a second group, and the polarization directions of the two sub-arrays are orthogonal to each other, and the two sub-arrays may be referred to as a positive polarization sub-array and a negative polarization sub-array, respectively.

Two adjacent subarrays are arranged according to a rule to form a polarized array, wherein the two adjacent subarrays can be vertically adjacent.

If the radiatingelement array 101 includes a plurality of polarized arrays, the distance between any two adjacent sub-arrays in theradiating element array 101 is fixed.

The sub-array includes a preset number ofadjacent radiating elements 205. The preset number may be plural.

Theradiation elements 205 are arranged in a regular array to form a sub-array, whereinadjacent radiation elements 205 may be adjacent to each other up and down.

Further, theradiation unit 205 constitutes theradiation unit array 101 as the most basic unit. All theradiation elements 205 in theradiation element array 101 are arranged regularly, the number of theradiation elements 205 arranged in each row and each column is fixed, and the distance between twoadjacent radiation elements 205 is fixed. The twoadjacent radiation units 205 may be adjacent to each other left and right, or adjacent to each other up and down.

The pitch of the rows of radiatingelements 205 may affect the main lobe beam of the antenna. The array pitch of theradiation units 205 can be determined according to actual conditions, and the directional pattern beams of different frequency bands at a large vertical downward inclination angle and a large horizontal scanning angle can be ensured to be in a normal state by adjusting the array pitch of theradiation units 205.

The radiatingelement 205 may be a broadband dual-polarized radiating array, which has a low profile characteristic and a dual-resonance design, and has good radiation characteristics and matching characteristics in multiple frequency bands.

Theradiation unit 205 may be connected to the power splitting and combiningelement 102 by welding.

The power splitting/combiningmodule 102 includes at least fourcombiners 301 and at least fourpower splitters 302.

Thecombiner 301 may have two or more input ports, but only one output port, and thecombiner 301 may avoid the mutual influence between the signals of the respective ports.

Thepower divider 302 is used for dividing the input signal energy into two or more equal or unequal output signal energies. Thepower divider 302 may have two or more output ports, but only one input port.

Each channel unit is composed of a plurality ofphase shifters 204, twocombiners 301, twopower dividers 302 and two sub-arrays.

Channel unit refers to all the components that make up the channel.

Signals of a plurality of frequency bands can be output through the corresponding channel of each channel unit.

In each channel unit, each subarray is connected with apower divider 302; the twopower dividers 302 are respectively connected with acombiner 301; eachphase shifter 204 is connected to twocombiners 301.

Specifically, in each channel unit, eachradiation unit 205 included in each sub-array may be connected to each output port of onepower divider 302 by welding; the input ports of the twopower dividers 302 are respectively connected with the output port of onecombiner 301.

And acombiner 301, configured to combine the input multiple frequency band signals, and output the combined signal through aradiation unit 205 connected to thepower divider 302, so as to implement frequency multiplexing.

The input port of eachcombiner 301 receives a plurality of frequency band signals, and after the received frequency band signals are combined, the combined signal is output to thepower divider 302 connected to thecombiner 301 through the output port corresponding to thecombiner 301.

After the input port corresponding to eachpower divider 302 receives the synthesized signal, the synthesized signal is divided into a plurality of paths with equal or unequal outputs according to the number of theradiation units 205 connected to thepower divider 302, and the output signals are output to eachradiation unit 205 connected to the output port of thepower divider 302 through the output port of thepower divider 302.

Eachphase shifter 204 in each channel unit is connected to twocombiners 301.

Eachphase shifter 204 is connected in series with the two combiners, and signals of multiple frequency bands can be input to the input ports of the twocombiners 301 through thephase shifter 204.

It should be noted that thephase shifter 204 can reduce the number of channel units in theradiation unit array 101 and reduce the number of channels in theradiation unit array 101 by controlling the phase of the input signal so that the number ofadjacent radiation units 205 included in each sub-array is larger.

After the number of channels in theradiating element array 101 is reduced, the number of related devices put in each channel is correspondingly reduced, so that the device investment cost can be reduced, the overall complexity of the antenna device is simplified, and the operation power consumption is reduced.

The number ofcombiners 301 and the number ofpower dividers 302 included in the array antenna are the same as the number of sub-arrays included in the radiation element array.

Thecombiner 301, thepower divider 302 and the sub-array included in the array antenna have a corresponding relationship, and onecombiner 301 and onepower divider 302 correspond to one sub-array.

It should be noted that the number ofpower dividers 302 connected to the sub-array is related to the number of output ports of thepower divider 302, and it is necessary to ensure that each radiatingelement 205 included in the sub-array is connected to thepower divider 302. If the output ports of thepower divider 302 are few, the number of thepower dividers 302 connected to the sub-arrays is large; if the number of output ports of thepower divider 302 is large, the number ofpower dividers 302 connected to the sub-array is small.

To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the array antenna is described below by way of an example.

The array antenna comprises a radiation unit array and a power splitting and combining component.

The radiation unit array is formed by arranging 192 radiation units regularly. The radiation unit is a dual-polarized broadband radiation array. All the radiation elements are divided into 12 rows, and 8 radiation arrays are arranged in each row. The distance between the two adjacent radiation units on the left and the right and the distance between the two adjacent radiation units on the up and down are respectively fixed.

The radiation element in the first row and the first column in the radiation element array is used as a starting point, and 3 radiation elements in the first column are sequentially used as a sub-array. The first column of the array of radiating elements includes 4 sub-arrays, the upper two sub-arrays being positively polarized arrays and the lower two sub-arrays being negatively polarized arrays. The remaining columns in the array of radiating elements can be analogized, with each column comprising 4 sub-arrays.

The power divider has 3 output ports, the 3 output ports of the power divider are respectively connected with the 3 radiating elements in each sub-array, and the radiating element of each sub-array is connected with one power divider. The input port of the power divider is connected with the output port of the corresponding combiner.

The phase shifters are connected in series with the two combiners respectively.

The 6 radiation units, the two power dividers, the two combiners and the phase shifters form a channel unit, and the radiation unit array comprises 32 channel units.

Signals of a plurality of frequency bands can be output through 32 channels corresponding to the 32 channel units.

According to the embodiment of the invention, each subarray is respectively connected with one power divider, each power divider is respectively connected with one combiner, and each phase shifter is respectively connected with two combiners, so that the array antenna can be shared by multiple frequency bands at the same time, the equipment requirement of a scene covered by multiple frequency bands can be met, the investment of single-frequency-band antenna equipment can be reduced, and the space of a sky can be saved. And the phase shifter can adjust the downward inclination angle of the signal sent by the array antenna, so that the number of channels of the antenna can be reduced on the basis of keeping the basic performance unchanged, the investment cost of equipment can be reduced, the structure of the equipment can be simplified, and the running power consumption of the equipment can be reduced.

Based on the content of the above embodiments, the number ofphase shifters 204 in any channel unit is the same as the number of frequency bands, and eachphase shifter 204 in the channel unit corresponds to one frequency band.

Specifically, in any channel unit, thephase shifters 204 are in one-to-one correspondence with each frequency band, and can control the phase of each frequency band, so as to adjust the down tilt angle of the corresponding frequency band signal.

According to the embodiment of the invention, each phase shifter in the channel unit corresponds to each frequency band one by one, so that the phase of the frequency band can be controlled, and the electrical downtilt of the corresponding frequency band can be independently adjusted.

Based on the contents of the above embodiments, the preset number is 2 to 8.

Preferably, the predetermined number ofradiation elements 205 included in each sub-array may be at least 2 and at most 8.

Afterphase shifters 204 are coupled into a channel element, the channel element may include a double number of radiatingelements 205 in a sub-array.

According to the embodiment of the invention, each subarray comprises 2-8 radiation units, so that the space of the sky can be more effectively utilized, and the cost is reduced and the devices are reasonably distributed.

Based on the contents of the above embodiments, the preset number is 3.

A predetermined number, preferably 3, of radiatingelements 205 are included in each sub-array.

According to the embodiment of the invention, each subarray comprises 3 radiation units, so that the space of the sky can be more effectively utilized, the cost is reduced, and the devices are reasonably distributed.

Based on the content of the foregoing embodiments, the frequency band isolation of thecombiner 301 is greater than a preset threshold.

The frequency band isolation is an important index of thecombiner 301, and is used to describe the capability of signals of different frequency bands not affecting each other. The frequency band isolation of thecombiner 301 is greater than a preset threshold, so that mutual interference between signals in different frequency bands can be avoided.

The preset threshold may be determined according to practical situations, for example, the isolation of thecombiner 301 may be greater than 30 dB. The specific value of the preset threshold is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the frequency band isolation degree of the combiner is greater than the preset threshold value, so that mutual interference among signals of different frequency bands can be avoided.

Based on the content of the foregoing embodiments, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding network component of an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the array antenna further includes: amotor drive assembly 206, a T/R assembly 207, and asandwich reflector plate 208.

And themotor transmission assembly 206 is connected with thephase shifters 204 and used for controlling the plurality ofphase shifters 204 to independently electrically adjust the downward inclination angle corresponding to each frequency band.

And the T/R component 207 is connected with thefeed network component 203.

And theinterlayer reflecting plate 208 is respectively connected with the power splitting and combiningcomponent 102 and thefeed network component 203.

Themotor transmission assembly 206 adopts independent phase shift control and high-precision transmission design, and can control a plurality ofphase shifters 204, so as to electrically adjust the downward inclination angles corresponding to a plurality of frequency bands respectively. The transmission switching components in theelectric transmission assembly 206 may also adopt a double-layer layout design, so that thephase shifter 204 corresponding to each frequency band is kept independent in the transmission direction, thereby avoiding interference among multiple frequency bands.

T/R elements 207 are connected to eachphase shifter 204 by dual polarized channels. The T/R assembly 207 is comprised of a plurality of connectors having blind-mate properties. The number of connectors is the same as the number of channels corresponding to each frequency band.

The power splitting and combining assembly 201, theinterlayer reflection plate 208 and thefeed network assembly 203 are connected in sequence by welding.

The embodiment of the invention is connected with the phase shifter through the motor transmission assembly, can independently electrically adjust the downward inclination angle corresponding to each frequency band, can avoid the mutual interference of a plurality of frequency bands, can perfect the performance of the array antenna, can realize that the array antenna is shared by a plurality of frequency bands at the same time, can meet the equipment requirement of a plurality of frequency band coverage scenes, can reduce the investment of single-frequency-band antenna equipment, and can save the space of a sky.

Based on the above embodiments, thephase shifter 204 is a dielectric phase shifter or a PCB phase shifter.

The phase shifter may be classified into a transmission line length change type phase shifter and a transmission line dielectric change type phase shifter, which is referred to as a dielectric phase shifter for short. The dielectric phase shifter has the characteristics of small design tolerance sensitivity, wide frequency band and the like.

The PCB phase shifter is characterized in that two PCB circuit boards are arranged back to back, and the function of the phase shifter is realized through a PCB coupling sheet and a plastic pressing block.

Thephase shifter 204 is a dielectric phase shifter or a PCB phase shifter with high dielectric constant and small volume, which can provide a large adjustable downward tilt angle range for signals transmitted by the antenna, meet the realizability of antenna equipment layout, and realize the miniaturization and light weight of the whole equipment.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the dielectric phase shifter or the PCB phase shifter is selected as the phase shifter, so that a larger adjustable downward inclination angle range can be provided for signals sent by the antenna, the realizability of the layout of antenna equipment can be met, and the miniaturization and the light weight of the whole equipment can be realized.

The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.

Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An array antenna, comprising: the power dividing and combining circuit comprises a radiation unit array and a power dividing and combining circuit assembly;

the power dividing and combining circuit assembly is connected with the radiating unit array;

the power dividing and combining assembly is used for synthesizing input signals of a plurality of frequency bands and outputting the synthesized signals through the radiation unit array to realize frequency multiplexing.

2. The array antenna of claim 1, further comprising: a feed network assembly;

the feed network assembly is connected with the power dividing and combining assembly;

wherein the feed network component comprises a plurality of phase shifters.

3. The array antenna of claim 1, wherein the array of radiating elements comprises at least one polarized array;

the polar array comprises two adjacent sub-arrays;

the sub-array comprises a preset number of adjacent radiating elements;

the power dividing and combining assembly comprises at least one combiner and at least one power divider;

each channel unit is formed by sequentially connecting one combiner, one power divider and one subarray;

the combiner is used for combining a plurality of input frequency band signals and outputting the signals through the radiation unit connected with the power divider to realize frequency multiplexing;

the number of the combiners, the number of the power dividers and the number of the sub-arrays included in the array antenna are the same.

4. The array antenna of claim 2, wherein the array of radiating elements comprises at least one polarized array;

the polar array comprises four adjacent sub-arrays;

the sub-array comprises a preset number of adjacent radiating elements;

the power dividing and combining assembly comprises at least four combiners and at least four power dividers;

each channel unit consists of a plurality of phase shifters, two combiners, two power dividers and two sub-arrays;

in the channel unit, each subarray is respectively connected with two power dividers, each power divider is connected with one combiner, and each phase shifter is respectively connected with two combiners;

the combiner is used for combining a plurality of input frequency band signals and outputting the signals through the radiation unit connected with the power divider to realize frequency multiplexing;

the number of the combiners and the number of the power dividers included in the array antenna are the same as the number of the sub-arrays included in the radiation unit array.

5. The array antenna of claim 4, wherein the number of phase shifters in any of the channel units is the same as the number of frequency bands, and each phase shifter in the channel unit corresponds to one of the frequency bands.

6. Array antenna according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the predetermined number is 2 to 8.

7. The array antenna of claim 6, wherein the predetermined number is 3.

8. The array antenna of any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the frequency band isolation of the combiner is greater than a predetermined threshold.

9. The array antenna of claim 2, 4 or 5, further comprising: the device comprises a motor transmission assembly, a T/R assembly and an interlayer reflecting plate;

the motor transmission assembly is connected with the phase shifters and used for controlling the plurality of phase shifters and independently electrically adjusting the downward inclination angle corresponding to each frequency band;

the T/R assembly is connected with the feed network assembly;

the interlayer reflecting plate is respectively connected with the power dividing and combining path assembly and the feed network assembly.

10. The array antenna of claim 2, wherein the phase shifter is a dielectric phase shifter or a PCB phase shifter.

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