CN112434366B - Cable crane arrangement and scheduling method based on BIM - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a cable machine arrangement and scheduling method based on BIM, the method is based on BIM technology, establishes a three-dimensional BIM model of a dam, dynamically arranges the cable machines based on the real-time pouring progress image of the dam and the position and the shape characteristics of a unit to be poured according to the arrangement sequence and the safety interval requirement of the cable machines, determines the operation range of the cable machines and the arrangement number of the cable machines, adjusts the upstream and downstream arrangement position and sequence of the cable machines, measures and calculates the covering area, the concrete square amount and other indexes in the range, ensures that the arrangement scheme meets the requirements of equipment operation safety, blank layer covering time and pouring strength, forms a cable machine arrangement scheme of multilayer staggered arrangement and multi-cabin simultaneous pouring under the coupling of multiple factors of cable machine covering range, unit shape characteristics, blank layer covering time and equipment safety anti-collision, and fully excavates the working efficiency of a cable machine group on the premise of ensuring safety, the pouring strength and efficiency are improved, and an important means is provided for safe and efficient construction of dam concrete.

Description

Cable crane arrangement and scheduling method based on BIM

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of hydraulic structure engineering, and particularly relates to a cable crane arrangement and scheduling method based on BIM.

Background

The hydroelectric engineering concrete high arch dam is generally positioned in a high mountain canyon, a cable crane is often used as a concrete warehousing means, in order to ensure warehousing strength and pouring efficiency, a plurality of cable cranes arranged in one or more layers are generally adopted to jointly schedule concrete warehousing, and the operation safety and the transportation efficiency of the cable crane are the keys for determining the pouring progress of the dam. The arrangement and scheduling of the cable machines need to comprehensively consider factors such as the positions, the body type characteristics and the square quantities of the pouring units, the safety intervals among the cable machines, the small warehousing strength requirement of concrete, the blank layer covering time and the maximum interval limit. The traditional cable crane arrangement method is often determined by experienced engineers, and has the problems of inaccurate arrangement parameters, incapability of dynamically checking the square amount and the pouring strength, incapability of realizing dynamic scheme allocation, incapability of meeting the balanced construction requirements of all blank layers, difficulty in multi-cabin simultaneous pouring arrangement and the like; therefore, the applicant considers that the BIM technology is adopted to build a model of cable crane arrangement in advance, so that the optimization problem of dynamic allocation of the multi-cable crane is solved.

The prior art is provided with a cable hoisting arrangement system based on a BIM technology and a design method, namely, a hoisting range model of a rope crane at different positions is established through the BIM technology, and a hoisting position which does not meet the requirement of a safety coefficient is found out, so that the arrangement of the cable crane is further optimized, but the method is not suitable for the warehousing scheduling of a cable crane in the concrete dam pouring process; as the concrete dam is poured in units, and the positions, the body type characteristics and the square quantities of all pouring units are different; on the other hand, a plurality of cable machines are operated simultaneously, and the arrangement of the cable machines is influenced by factors such as the safety distance among the cable machines, the small warehousing strength requirement of concrete, the blank layer covering time and the maximum interval limit; therefore, how to use the BIM technology to establish a model for dynamically allocating a plurality of cable machines, how to introduce a dynamic adjustment method, and when considering a multi-factor coupling relation, the plurality of cable machines can be automatically staggered according to an optimal model on the premise of meeting the setting process and the safety rule, and under the condition of meeting the requirements of the construction process and the control index, the multi-bin simultaneous casting is realized, and the most efficient automatic scheduling is realized, so that the working efficiency of a cable machine group is excavated, and the concrete pouring strength and efficiency are improved, which is a problem to be solved by the applicant.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a cable crane arrangement and scheduling method based on BIM (building information modeling), which is used for solving the problem that the arrangement and scheduling of cable crane groups in the existing concrete dam construction are influenced by various factors such as cable crane coverage, casting unit body type characteristics and square quantity, blank layer coverage time, maximum interval limitation and safety collision prevention among equipment, so that the optimal arrangement of multi-cable crane allocation is difficult to carry out through the existing construction experience or conventional technical means; the problems that the arrangement parameters are not accurate, the square amount and the pouring strength cannot be dynamically checked, the dynamic scheme allocation cannot be realized, the balanced construction requirements of all the blank layers cannot be met, the multi-bin simultaneous pouring arrangement is difficult and the like exist, due to the fact that coupling relations exist among the influence factors of multiple targets, construction technicians cannot simultaneously realize multi-target optimization, unreasonable arrangement intervals are caused to bring safety risks, unbalanced strip partitions influence the pouring work efficiency, and the overall progress of dam engineering is further influenced.

The method is based on the BIM technology, a dam three-dimensional model and a pouring unit model are established, the pile number range and the body type characteristics of a pouring bin are analyzed, the pouring areas and the square quantities of different strip block partitions under different arrangement conditions are dynamically obtained, the cable crane batch arrangement under multilayer arrangement is supported, the visual scheme display is realized, the simultaneous pouring of multiple bins is supported, the cable crane arrangement and scheduling efficiency is greatly improved, and the reasonability of the cable crane arrangement scheme is improved.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a cable crane arrangement and scheduling method based on BIM comprises the following steps:

s1, setting the state of the dam unit: according to the actual construction progress of the dam, dynamically setting and updating the pouring time of each poured unit and the standby bin completion state of the unit to be poured;

s2, establishing a dam three-dimensional progress image: building a dam layered block BIM (building information modeling) model according to the state of each pouring unit; displaying the actual progress image of the dam in a three-dimensional scene according to the completion time of the pouring unit in the layered block model or the standby bin state;

s3, the pouring unit is preferably: acquiring each unit to be poured of the currently finished spare warehouse, respectively calculating the intermission period of the units in the spare warehouse, sequencing according to the intermission period duration, and guiding a user to preferentially select one or more units to be poured as a to-be-poured unit of the cable crane arrangement; calculating the pile number range, area and square quantity of the selected unit to be poured by using a BIM (building information modeling);

s4, setting cable crane arrangement parameters: setting the number of layers, the number of the cable cranes, the serial number, the elevation of each layer, the distance between a left bank and a right bank, the arrangement sequence, the translation azimuth angle, the track pile number range and the movable pile number range of each cable crane according to the actual cable crane arrangement scheme of the engineering;

s5, setting process and safety rules: setting the layering number of units to be poured, the rated hour transportation strength, the maximum concrete pouring blank layer covering time, the left and right minimum safety spacing of the same cable arrangement machine and the interlayer minimum safety spacing;

s6, drawing a three-dimensional space distribution schematic diagram of the cable crane: drawing a schematic layout of the cable crane in the three-dimensional scene according to the cable crane layout parameters of S4 and the setting process and safety rules of S5; dynamically adjusting the cable arrangement diagram in the three-dimensional scene according to the actual cable arrangement condition;

s7, dynamically arranging a cable crane: an operator selects one or more appointed cable cranes, and the system evenly distributes the operation coverage range of the to-be-poured unit corresponding to each cable crane according to the pile number range, the area and the square quantity of the to-be-poured unit, the arrangement parameters of the selected cable cranes, the process and the safety rules; (ii) a The average distribution means that all the cable machines are distributed according to the safety interval rule, the cable machine coverage range, the pushing requirement of a leveling car, the average distribution bin surface area and the pouring amount so as to ensure the principle of balanced output of each cable machine;

s8, calculating a cable arrangement scheme: dynamically cutting a unit BIM model according to the distributed cable crane arrangement scheme to form a pouring subarea model, and calculating the area and the square amount of each subarea and the blank layer covering time; synchronously setting and updating the pouring time of each poured unit and the standby bin completion state of the units to be poured, thereby synchronously updating the three-dimensional arrangement image of the dam;

s9, analyzing feasibility of the cable crane arrangement scheme: according to the cable crane setting process and the safety rules of S5, judging whether the current scheme meets the cable crane operation safety requirement, the blank layer covering time requirement and the requirement of balanced warehousing of each subarea;

s10, manually adjusting the arrangement parameters of the cable crane according to the analysis result of S9, wherein the adjustment method comprises the following steps: selecting different cable cranes to participate in pouring, adjusting the coverage range of the cable cranes and selecting different cable crane cross-region operation; after the arrangement parameters of one cable crane are adjusted, dynamically adjusting the arrangement parameters of each adjacent cable crane;

s11, loop execution: the adjusted cable crane arrangement scheme is substituted into the step S8 again, and the steps are sequentially executed downwards; ending the loop when the generated cable arrangement scheme satisfies the feasibility analysis of S9; and storing and releasing the cable arrangement scheme, and visually displaying the arrangement scheme in the BIM scene as the basis for scheduling and executing the cable.

Preferably, the intermittent period calculation method in step S3 is as follows:

obtaining the unit to be poured of the current finished standby bin, and recording the current time T₁Then recording the pouring completion time T of the lower layer unit of the prepared bin unit₂Through T₁- T₂And obtaining the intermission period of the unit to be poured.

Preferably, the dynamic adjustment method in steps S6 and S10 is as follows:

after the coverage area of one cable machine is adjusted, the arrangement and the coverage area of each adjacent cable machine are dynamically adjusted in a linkage manner according to the minimum safety distance requirement of the cable machine and the relative position relationship between the cable machines until a plurality of cable machines realize the updating of the whole arrangement scheme and the real-time calculation and check of each index.

Preferably, the range of dynamic adjustment does not exceed the cable crane range of motion and the minimum spacing limit; and when the cable crane adjustment reaches the cable crane movable range limit or the cable crane arrangement reaches the minimum working range and the minimum spacing limit of each cable crane, forbidding to perform adjustment again.

Preferably, the cable crane operation safety requirement in step S9 indicates that the cable crane spacing meets the requirement of minimum spacing between the same layer and the same layer; the blank layer covering time requirement refers to the condition that the ratio of the partition square amount/rated hour transportation strength/the number of the layered layers meets the requirement.

Preferably, the method of dynamically cutting the unit BIM model in step S8 is as follows:

based on the geometric shapes of the concrete pouring units, automatically cutting the models according to the pile number coverage range distributed by a plurality of current cable cranes, calculating the upper surface area and the volume of each cutting model, and calculating the blank layer coverage time according to the theoretical pouring strength of each cutting model corresponding to the cable crane; the covering time interval of the connected blank layers does not exceed the maximum interval limit, and cold seams generated by initial setting of the concrete poured in advance are prevented.

The cable crane arrangement and scheduling method based on the BIM has the beneficial effects that:

the invention establishes a three-dimensional BIM model of a dam based on BIM technology, dynamically arranges cable machines based on the position and the shape characteristics of a real-time pouring progress image and a unit to be poured of the dam according to the arrangement sequence and the safety interval requirement of the cable machines, determines the working range of the cable machines and the arrangement scheme of the cable machines, carries out verification after substituting the scheme for calculation, ensures that the arrangement scheme meets the requirements of equipment operation safety, blank layer covering time and pouring strength by adjusting the upstream and downstream arrangement positions and sequence of the cable machines and measuring and calculating the indexes such as the covering area, the concrete square amount and the like in the range, forms the cable machine arrangement scheme of cable machine group multilayer staggered arrangement and multi-cabin simultaneous pouring under the coupling of multiple factors such as cable machine covering range, unit shape characteristics, blank layer covering time, equipment safety collision prevention and the like, fully excavates the working efficiency of the cable machine group on the premise of ensuring safety, the pouring strength and efficiency are improved, and an important means is provided for safe and efficient construction of dam concrete.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples:

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a main interface of a scheduling program established based on the scheduling method in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a result of a cable arrangement scheme executed by a scheduler established based on the scheduling method in the specific implementation of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an excel output table of a cable arrangement scheme result executed by a scheduling program established based on the scheduling method in the specific implementation of the present invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, a cable crane arranging and scheduling method based on BIM includes the following steps:

s1, setting the state of the dam unit: according to the actual construction progress of the dam, dynamically setting and updating the pouring time of each poured unit and the standby bin completion state of the unit to be poured;

s2, establishing a dam three-dimensional progress image: building a dam layered block BIM (building information modeling) model according to the state of each pouring unit; displaying the actual progress image of the dam in a three-dimensional scene according to the completion time of the pouring unit in the layered block model or the standby bin state;

s3, preferably, the quasi-casting unit is: acquiring each unit to be poured of a currently finished spare bin, respectively calculating the intermission period of the unit to be poured, sequencing according to the intermission period duration, and guiding a user to preferentially select one or more units to be poured as a pouring-planned unit of the cable crane arrangement at this time; calculating the pile number range, area and square quantity of the selected unit to be poured by using a BIM (building information modeling);

s4, setting cable arrangement parameters: setting the number of layers, the number of stations, the serial number, the elevation of each layer, the distance between a left bank and a right bank, the arrangement sequence, the translation azimuth angle, the track pile number range and the movable pile number range of each cable crane according to the actual cable crane arrangement scheme of the engineering;

s5, setting process and safety rules: setting the layering number of units to be poured to be 50cm per layer, the rated hour transportation strength, the maximum concrete pouring blank layer covering time to be 4 hours, the left and right minimum safety spacing of the cable arrangement machines in the same row to be 10m, and the minimum safety spacing between layers to be 15 m; when the working environment is strong wind, the distance is adjusted and increased by 5 m-10 m;

s6, drawing a three-dimensional space distribution schematic diagram of the cable crane: drawing a schematic layout of the cable crane in the three-dimensional scene according to the cable crane layout parameters of S4 and the setting process and safety rules of S5; dynamically adjusting the cable arrangement diagram in the three-dimensional scene according to the actual cable arrangement condition;

s7, dynamically arranging a cable crane: an operator selects one or more appointed cable cranes, and the system evenly distributes the operation coverage range of the to-be-poured unit corresponding to each cable crane according to the pile number range, the area and the square quantity of the to-be-poured unit, the arrangement parameters of the selected cable cranes, the process and the safety rules; (ii) a The average distribution means that all the cable machines are distributed according to the safety interval rule, the cable machine coverage range, the pushing requirement of a leveling car, the average distribution bin surface area and the pouring amount so as to ensure the principle that the output of each cable machine is balanced;

s8, calculating a cable arrangement scheme: dynamically cutting a unit BIM model according to the distributed cable crane arrangement scheme to form a pouring subarea model, and calculating the area and the square amount of each subarea and the blank layer covering time; synchronously setting and updating the pouring time of each poured unit and the standby bin completion state of the units to be poured, thereby synchronously updating the three-dimensional arrangement image of the dam;

s9, analyzing feasibility of the cable crane arrangement scheme: according to the cable machine setting process and the safety rules of S5, judging whether the current scheme meets the cable machine operation safety requirement, the blank layer covering time requirement and the requirement of balanced warehousing of each subarea;

s10, manually adjusting the arrangement parameters of the cable crane according to the analysis result of S9, wherein the adjustment method comprises the following steps: selecting different cable machines to participate in pouring, adjusting the coverage range of the cable machines and selecting different cable machine cross-region operation; after the arrangement parameters of one cable crane are adjusted, dynamically adjusting the arrangement parameters of each adjacent cable crane;

s11, loop execution: the adjusted cable crane arrangement scheme is substituted into the step S8 again, and the steps are sequentially executed downwards; ending the loop when the generated cable arrangement scheme satisfies the feasibility analysis of S9; and storing and releasing the cable machine arrangement scheme, and visually displaying the arrangement scheme in a BIM scene as a basis for scheduling and executing the cable machine.

Preferably, the intermittent period calculation method in step S3 is as follows:

obtaining the unit to be poured of the current finished standby bin, and recording the current time T₁Then recording the pouring completion time T of the lower layer unit of the prepared bin unit₂Through T₁- T₂And obtaining the intermission period of the unit to be poured.

Preferably, the dynamic adjustment method in steps S6 and S10 is as follows:

after the coverage area of one cable machine is adjusted, the arrangement and the coverage area of each adjacent cable machine are dynamically adjusted in a linkage manner according to the minimum safety distance requirement of the cable machine and the relative position relationship between the cable machines until a plurality of cable machines realize the updating of the whole arrangement scheme and the real-time calculation and check of each index.

Preferably, the range of dynamic adjustment does not exceed the cable crane range of motion and the minimum spacing limit; and when the cable crane adjustment reaches the cable crane movement range limit or the cable crane arrangement reaches the minimum working range and the minimum spacing limit of each cable crane, forbidding to perform adjustment again.

Preferably, the cable crane operation safety requirement in step S9 indicates that the cable crane spacing meets the requirement of minimum spacing between the same layer and the same layer; the blank layer covering time requirement means that the ratio of the partition square amount/rated hour transportation strength/the number of the layered layers meets the requirement.

Preferably, the method of dynamically cutting the unit BIM model in step S8 is as follows:

based on the geometric shapes of the concrete pouring units, automatically cutting the models according to the pile number coverage ranges distributed by a plurality of current cable cranes, calculating the upper surface area and the volume of the cutting models, and calculating the blank layer coverage time according to the theoretical pouring strength of each cutting model corresponding to the cable crane; the covering time interval of the connected blank layers does not exceed the maximum interval limit, and cold joints caused by initial setting of the concrete poured firstly are prevented.

Establishing a cable machine visual scheduling scheme compilation tool based on BIM (building information modeling) for the scheme construction organization optimization and construction safety problems of double-layer cable machine layout and multi-bin simultaneous casting, and realizing layout, verification and optimization of the double-layer cable machine layout and scheduling scheme in specific engineering; the research and the application of the system lead the cable machine dispatching work to be upgraded from the original manual drawing work to the automatic cable machine distribution system and 5 schemes are provided for selection, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of the cable machine dispatching configuration work, the original manual work needs several hours or half a day, and the problem can be solved only by using the system for several minutes at present; in addition, the cable machine visual scheduling system based on the BIM enables cable machine scheduling configuration work to be more visual, results to be more scientific and reasonable, and the cable machine visual scheduling system is better than original working modes and working methods in terms of working efficiency, working quality and working results.

The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and features in the embodiments and examples in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of this invention.

Claims (6)

1. A cable crane arrangement and scheduling method based on BIM is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, setting the state of the dam unit: according to the actual construction progress of the dam, dynamically setting and updating the pouring time of each poured unit and the standby bin completion state of the unit to be poured;

s2, establishing a dam three-dimensional progress image: establishing a dam layered block BIM according to the state of each pouring unit; displaying the actual progress image of the dam in a three-dimensional scene according to the completion time of the pouring unit in the layered block model or the standby bin state;

s3, preferably, the quasi-casting unit is: acquiring each unit to be poured of the currently finished spare warehouse, respectively calculating the intermission period of the units in the spare warehouse, sequencing according to the intermission period duration, and guiding a user to preferentially select one or more units to be poured as a to-be-poured unit of the cable crane arrangement; calculating the pile number range, area and square quantity of the selected to-be-poured unit by using a BIM (building information modeling);

s4, setting cable crane arrangement parameters: setting the number of layers, the number of stations, the serial number, the elevation of each layer, the distance between a left bank and a right bank, the arrangement sequence, the translation azimuth angle, the track pile number range and the movable pile number range of each cable crane according to the actual cable crane arrangement scheme of the engineering;

s5, setting process and safety rules: setting the layering number of units to be poured, the rated hour transport strength, the maximum concrete pouring blank layer covering time, the left and right minimum safety spacing of the same cable arrangement machine and the interlayer minimum safety spacing;

s6, drawing a three-dimensional space distribution schematic diagram of the cable crane: drawing a schematic layout of the cable crane in a three-dimensional scene according to the cable crane layout parameters of S4 and the setting process and safety rules of S5; dynamically adjusting the cable arrangement diagram in the three-dimensional scene according to the actual cable arrangement condition;

s7, dynamically arranging a cable crane: an operator selects one or more appointed cable machines, and the system evenly distributes the operation coverage range of the to-be-poured unit corresponding to each cable machine according to the pile number range, the area and the square quantity of the to-be-poured unit, the arrangement parameters and the process and safety rules of the selected cable machine; the average distribution means that all the cable machines are distributed according to the safety interval rule, the cable machine coverage range, the pushing requirement of a leveling car, the average distribution bin surface area and the pouring amount so as to ensure the principle of balanced output of each cable machine;

s8, calculating a cable arrangement scheme: dynamically cutting a unit BIM model according to the distributed cable crane arrangement scheme to form a pouring subarea model, and calculating the area and the square amount of each subarea and the blank layer covering time; synchronously setting and updating the pouring time of each poured unit and the standby bin completion state of the units to be poured, thereby synchronously updating the three-dimensional arrangement image of the dam;

s9, analyzing feasibility of the cable crane arrangement scheme: according to the cable machine setting process and the safety rules of S5, judging whether the current scheme meets the cable machine operation safety requirement, the blank layer covering time requirement and the requirement of balanced warehousing of each subarea;

s10, manually adjusting the arrangement parameters of the cable crane according to the analysis result of S9, wherein the adjustment method comprises the following steps: adjusting and selecting different cable cranes to participate in pouring, adjusting the coverage range of the cable cranes and selecting different cable crane cross-region operation; after the arrangement parameters of one cable crane are adjusted, dynamically adjusting the arrangement parameters of each adjacent cable crane;

s11, loop execution: the adjusted cable crane arrangement scheme is substituted into the step S8 again, and the steps are sequentially executed downwards; ending the loop when the generated cable arrangement scheme satisfies the feasibility analysis of S9; and storing and releasing the cable arrangement scheme, and visually displaying the arrangement scheme in the BIM scene as the basis for scheduling and executing the cable.

2. The BIM-based cable deployment and scheduling method of claim 1, wherein: the intermittent period calculation method in step S3 is as follows:

obtaining the unit to be poured of the current finished standby bin, and recording the current time T₁Then recording the pouring completion time T of the lower layer unit of the prepared bin unit₂Through T₁- T₂And obtaining the intermission period of the unit to be poured.

3. The BIM-based cable deployment and scheduling method of claim 1, wherein: the dynamic adjustment method in steps S6 and S10 is as follows:

after the coverage range of one cable machine is adjusted, the arrangement and the coverage range of each cable machine adjacent to the cable machine are dynamically adjusted in a linkage manner according to the minimum safety distance requirement of the cable machine and the relative position relationship between the cable machines so as to meet the setting process and the safety rule of S5, and the updating of the overall arrangement scheme of a plurality of cable machines and the real-time calculation and checking of each index are realized.

4. The BIM-based cable routing and scheduling method of claim 3, wherein: the dynamic adjustment range does not exceed the cable crane moving range and the minimum spacing limit; and when the cable crane adjustment reaches the cable crane movable range limit or the cable crane arrangement reaches the minimum working range and the minimum spacing limit of each cable crane, forbidding to perform adjustment again.

5. The BIM-based cable routing and scheduling method of claim 1, wherein: the operation safety requirement of the cable crane in the step S9 means that the distance between the cable cranes meets the requirement of the minimum distance between the same layer and the interlayer; the blank layer covering time requirement refers to the condition that the ratio of the partition square amount/rated hour transportation strength/the number of the layered layers meets the requirement.

6. The BIM-based cable routing and scheduling method of claim 1, wherein: the method for dynamically cutting the unit BIM model in step S8 is as follows:

based on the geometric shapes of the concrete pouring units, automatically cutting the models according to the pile number coverage ranges distributed by a plurality of current cable cranes, calculating the upper surface area and the volume of the cutting models, and calculating the blank layer coverage time according to the theoretical pouring strength of each cutting model corresponding to the cable crane; the covering time interval of the connected blank layers does not exceed the maximum interval limit, and cold seams generated by initial setting of the concrete poured in advance are prevented.

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