CN112285058A - Nondestructive testing method for fireproof glass - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a nondestructive testing method for fireproof glass, which relates to the field of fireproof materials and comprises the following steps: detecting optical characteristic parameters and/or mechanical strength characteristic parameters of the glass, and recording a detection result; comparing and analyzing a plurality of characteristic parameters in the detection result with the characteristic parameters corresponding to the fireproof glass to generate an analysis result; and determining that the glass is subjected to fire-proof treatment according to the analysis result, or determining that the glass is not subjected to fire-proof treatment according to the analysis result. The method has low detection cost and high detection speed, can qualitatively detect the fireproof performance of the glass, judges the fireproof process of the glass, and is suitable for field detection of the glass in practical engineering use.

Description

Nondestructive testing method for fireproof glass

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of fireproof materials, in particular to a nondestructive testing method for fireproof glass.

Background

The main function of the fire-proof glass is to control the spread of fire or separate the smoke, it is a measure type fire-proof material, its fire-proof effect is evaluated by the fire resistance, it is through the special craft processing and handling, can keep its integrality and heat-proof special glass of the heat-proof quality in the fire-proof test of stipulation, the fire-proof glass is as the glass detecting variety of the special use, widely used in the architectural decoration field, the fire resistance is the characteristic of the sign of the fire-proof glass, with people's requirement to the glass security is constantly improved, confirm whether the glass is the fire-proof glass or detect the quality of the fire-proof glass and receive each side of importance more and more, however, the present fire-proof glass detects mainly to finish through the fire-proof test, the main shortcoming: the fire resistance test is a destructive test, and a sample cannot be reused after detection, so that waste is caused; the test needs to be finished in a laboratory, the test condition is high, and a large amount of rapid detection cannot be realized; the glass detection device has no field detection capability and cannot detect the condition of glass actually used in engineering. Therefore, how to detect the fire-proof performance of the glass without performing destructive experiments on the glass becomes an urgent technical problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art or the related technology, and provides a nondestructive testing method for fireproof glass, which can qualitatively test the fireproof performance of the glass and judge the fireproof process of the glass.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a nondestructive testing method for fireproof glass comprises the following steps: detecting optical characteristic parameters and/or mechanical strength characteristic parameters of the glass, and recording a detection result; comparing and analyzing a plurality of characteristic parameters in the detection result with the characteristic parameters corresponding to the fireproof glass to generate an analysis result; and determining that the glass is subjected to fire-proof treatment according to the analysis result, or determining that the glass is not subjected to fire-proof treatment according to the analysis result.

Those skilled in the art generally understand that glass fire protection is achieved in three ways, one is that the original sheet itself has fire-resistant properties, e.g., a lower coefficient of expansion, higher strength; the second is that the additional stress is added to improve the thermal shock resistance of the glass; and thirdly, a layer of coating or coating fireproof heat-insulating material is added on the surface of the glass to reduce the heat impact. The three methods can be used independently or in combination. Therefore, according to the existing detection data accumulation, the qualitative result is obtained by measuring the key parameters of the glass, such as refractive index, ultraviolet transmittance, infrared transmittance, visible light transmittance, stress and the like, and comparing and analyzing the key parameters through the existing database, so as to identify whether the glass is subjected to fire-proof treatment or not.

According to the above technical solution of the present invention, preferably, the step of detecting the optical characteristic parameters and/or the mechanical strength characteristic parameters of the glass and recording the detection result specifically includes: detecting the refractive index of the glass to generate refractive index data; carrying out light transmittance detection on the glass to generate light transmittance data; carrying out stress detection on the glass to generate stress data; and generating a detection result according to the refractive index data, the light transmittance data and the stress data.

In the technical scheme, the refractive index of the glass has close relation with the wavelength of incident light, the density of the glass, the temperature, the thermal history and the composition of the glass. The refractive index of the glass depends on the conversion rate of ions inside the glass and the density of the glass, and the larger the deformability of each ion inside the glass, the larger the energy absorbed when the light wave passes through, and the larger the decrease in propagation speed, the larger the refractive index, the larger the density of the glass, the slower the propagation speed of light in the glass, and the larger the refractive index. The refractive index of the glass can be approximately regarded as the sum of the refractive indexes of the oxides in each group, and the refractive index of each oxide is mainly determined by the molecular refraction and the molecular volume, and the larger the molecular refraction is, the larger the refractive index of the glass is: the larger the molecular volume, the smaller the refractive index of the glass. The glass material and structure can be effectively reflected by measuring the refractive index of the glass. Generally, heat reflective glass for light shielding and heat insulation is required to have a high reflectance, and heat absorbing glass for fire prevention is required to absorb a large amount of infrared radiation energy while maintaining good transmittance. For example, silica content of quartz glass is greater than 99.5%, and it has low thermal expansion coefficient, high temperature resistance, good chemical stability, ultraviolet and infrared light transmission, high melting temperature, high viscosity, and difficult molding. Silica glass has a silica content of about 96% and behaves similarly to quartz glass. Soda-lime glass is based on silica content and also contains 15% sodium oxide and 16% calcium oxide. The lead silicate glass mainly comprises silicon dioxide and lead oxide, has unique high refractive index and high volume resistance, has good wettability with metal, and takes silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide as main components. The high borosilicate glass is also called heat-resistant glass or hard glass, takes silicon oxide and barium oxide as main components, and has good heat resistance and chemical stability. The phosphate glass contains phosphorus pentoxide as a main component, and has low refractive index and low dispersion. Therefore, depending on the glass composition and the manufacturing process, the glass to be tested will exhibit corresponding light transmittance data under illumination from different light sources. Furthermore, due to the particularities of the production process, internal stresses are also present to a greater or lesser extent in the finished glass article. During the glass forming process, the stress due to the action of external mechanical forces or thermal non-uniformity upon cooling is referred to as thermal stress or macroscopic stress. The stress caused by the micro-inhomogeneous region formed inside the glass due to the compositional inhomogeneity is called structural stress or micro-stress. The stresses present in the glass in the volume range corresponding to the unit cell size are referred to as ultrasmall stresses. Due to the structural characteristics of the glass, microscopic and ultramicroscopic stress in the glass is extremely small, and the influence on the mechanical strength of the glass is not great. The most significant is the thermal stress in the glass, since this stress is usually very inhomogeneous, and in severe cases it reduces the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the glass product, affects the safe use of the product, and even causes self-cracking. Therefore, in order to ensure safety in use, it is stipulated that the residual internal stress of various glass products cannot exceed a certain prescribed value. Stresses in the glass include: macroscopic stress, which is generated by external force or thermal change, wherein the thermal stress can be divided into temporary stress and permanent stress (residual stress), the temporary stress is generated by the temperature difference between the inner surface and the outer surface of the glass when the glass is heated and cooled in the elastic deformation range, the stress exists along with the existence of the temperature gradient and disappears due to the disappearance of the temperature gradient, and the permanent stress is the stress still existing in the glass after the temperature of the glass is balanced; the microscopic stresses are formed by the presence of microscopic inhomogeneity zones or phase separation in the glass. Many transparent materials, including glass and plastic, are generally homogeneous bodies having isotropic properties, and when monochromatic light passes therethrough, the speed of light is independent of the direction of propagation and the plane of polarization of the light wave, and no birefringence occurs. However, when the glass has residual stress due to external mechanical action, uneven cooling from a softening point or higher after glass forming, or expansion mismatch at the sealing portion between the glass and the glass, the isotropic glass becomes an anisotropic body optically, monochromatic light is separated into two beams when passing through the glass, and the internal stress of the glass can be calculated by measuring the optical path difference between the two beams. The fireproof performance of the glass can be judged by carrying out stress detection on the glass to be detected.

According to the above technical solution of the present invention, preferably, the step of comparing and analyzing a plurality of characteristic parameters in the detection result with the characteristic parameters corresponding to the fire-proof glass to generate an analysis result specifically includes: and inputting the refractive index data, the light transmittance data and the stress data into a fireproof glass characteristic parameter database for data matching to generate a matching degree, and taking the matching degree as an analysis result.

According to the above technical solution of the present invention, preferably, the step of comparing and analyzing a plurality of characteristic parameters in the detection result with the characteristic parameters corresponding to the fire-proof glass to generate an analysis result specifically includes: and inputting the refractive index data, the light transmittance data and the stress data into a fireproof glass characteristic parameter database for data matching to generate a matching degree, and taking the matching degree as an analysis result.

According to the above technical solution of the present invention, preferably, the step of detecting the refractive index of the glass to generate refractive index data includes: and detecting the refractive index data of the glass, and determining the type of the glass according to the refractive index data, wherein the type comprises high borosilicate glass, soda-lime-silica glass, microcrystalline glass, sodium potassium glass, cesium potassium glass, nano-silica glass, grouting composite glass and wired glass.

In the technical scheme, the grouting composite glass comprises composite heat insulation glass and pouring glass, wherein the composite heat insulation glass is usually prepared by compounding 2 layers or 1 layer of multilayer glass original sheets or a multilayer inorganic fireproof glue interlayer. When a fire disaster happens, the glass facing to the fire surface can be burst quickly after meeting high temperature, the fireproof glue interlayer is foamed and expanded about 10 times in sequence, and a large amount of high heat caused by flame combustion is absorbed, so that a white and opaque fireproof glue board is formed, the integrity of fire resistance can be ensured by the hardness degree of the fireproof glue board, and the fireproof glue board has the function of heat insulation due to the porous structure. The pouring type glass is made by pouring inorganic fireproof glue into 2 pieces of glass after the glass is sealed. When a fire disaster happens, the glass facing to the fire surface is quickly burst after meeting high temperature, the middle transparent jelly-shaped inorganic fireproof glue layer is quickly hardened to form a white opaque fireproof heat insulation plate, and a large amount of high heat brought by flame combustion is absorbed. The flame is prevented from spreading, and meanwhile, the conduction of high temperature to a backfire surface is prevented to play a certain role. The high borosilicate glass is produced by tempering an original sheet of glass containing high borosilicate produced by a float process. Its fire-retardant properties are derived from the very low coefficient of thermal expansion which is 2-3 times lower than that of ordinary glass (silicate glass). In addition, borosilicate glass sheets are fire resistant and have the characteristics of high softening point, excellent thermal shock resistance, and adhesion. Therefore, when a fire disaster happens, the borosilicate monolithic glass is prevented from being broken easily, and is high-stability monolithic glass, and the fire resistance time is up to hours. The cesium potassium glass is made from ordinary float glass through special chemical treatment and physical tempering. The chemical treatment is used for ion exchange on the surface of the glass, so that alkali metal ions on the surface layer of the glass are replaced by other alkali metal ions in the molten salt, the strength of the glass is improved, and the thermal shock resistance is improved. And special physical toughening treatment is carried out, so that the requirements of safety glass are met.

According to the above technical solution of the present invention, preferably, the step of detecting the light transmittance of the glass to generate light transmittance data includes: and detecting ultraviolet light transmittance data, infrared light transmittance data and visible light transmittance data of the glass, and determining a treatment process of the glass according to one or more of the ultraviolet light transmittance data, the infrared light transmittance data and the visible light transmittance data, wherein the treatment process comprises whether to coat a film, whether to stick the film and whether to spray a heat insulating material.

According to the above technical solution of the present invention, preferably, the step of performing stress detection on the glass to generate stress data specifically includes: and detecting stress data of the glass, and determining that the glass is unstressed glass, ordinary stressed glass or high-stress glass according to the stress data.

In the technical scheme, the surface stress of the glass is very important for the high-temperature fireproof glass, and after the special glass is processed, the tissue structure of the special glass can be changed violently in the surface layer of several micrometers to dozens of micrometers. In glass forming grinding, the contact is actually a point due to surface irregularities, which can be at a temperature much higher than the average temperature of the surface. In the process of forming the glass, chemical tempering is needed, and the chemical tempering has the characteristic of easily improving the fire resistance of the glass. The glass is used for a long time in a high-temperature environment, the use temperature generally exceeds 750 ℃, and due to the short action time, the temperature in the area is rapidly cooled down after friction, atoms cannot return to an equilibrium position in time, and certain degree of lattice distortion is caused. The distortion varies with depth, and an amorphous state is formed at about 5 to 10nm of the outermost layer, and the amorphous state contains metal and oxides thereof, namely a Bell's ratio layer. The bery layer may increase the surface strength of the material. After the surface processing treatment, a Bell ratio layer formed on the surface layer of the material generates large residual stress, the material is heated unevenly, and the thermal stress is generated in the material when the expansion coefficients of all parts are different and the temperature is changed. When the material is loaded, internal stress acts together with external stress. This makes it necessary to pay special attention to the effects of internal and long-term stresses in the glass during glass processing, and if the internal stress is opposite to the external stress, a part of the external stress is cancelled, thereby playing a favorable role. Therefore, the fireproof performance of the glass can be judged by detecting the stress of the glass.

According to the above technical solution of the present invention, preferably, the method further includes: acquiring detection data of the fireproof glass, and determining a refractive index parameter, an ultraviolet transmittance parameter, an infrared transmittance parameter, a visible light transmittance parameter and a stress parameter of the fireproof glass; and establishing a fireproof glass characteristic parameter database according to the refractive index parameter, the ultraviolet transmittance parameter, the infrared transmittance parameter, the visible light transmittance parameter and the stress parameter.

In the technical scheme, the database is established according to the technical parameters of the standard fireproof glass, so that the measurement result of the glass to be measured can be conveniently and qualitatively analyzed to determine whether the glass is subjected to fireproof treatment or not.

According to the above technical solution of the present invention, preferably, the method further includes: and after the glass is determined to be subjected to fireproof treatment, recording the detection result of the glass into a fireproof glass characteristic parameter database.

In the technical scheme, the detection data are updated and accumulated in real time, and the detection accuracy is improved.

The beneficial effects obtained by the invention at least comprise: the detection cost is low, the detection speed is high, the destructive test on the glass is not needed, and the detected sample can be continuously used; the glass can be detected on site by using corresponding equipment for detecting the refractive index, the light transmittance and the stress of the glass, the detection in a special laboratory is not needed, the experiment cost is low, and the mass rapid detection can be carried out; the glass to be detected does not need to be disassembled, and the on-site detection can be carried out on the condition of the glass actually used in the engineering.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic flow diagram according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic flow diagram according to a further embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the nondestructive testing method for fire-proof glass provided by the invention comprises the following steps: step S1: detecting optical characteristic parameters and/or mechanical strength characteristic parameters of the glass, and recording a detection result; step S2: comparing and analyzing a plurality of characteristic parameters in the detection result with the characteristic parameters corresponding to the fireproof glass to generate an analysis result; step S3: and determining that the glass is subjected to fire-proof treatment according to the analysis result, or determining that the glass is not subjected to fire-proof treatment according to the analysis result.

Those skilled in the art generally understand that glass fire protection is achieved in three ways, one is that the original sheet itself has fire-resistant properties, e.g., a lower coefficient of expansion, higher strength; the second is that the additional stress is added to improve the thermal shock resistance of the glass; and thirdly, a layer of coating or coating fireproof heat-insulating material is added on the surface of the glass to reduce the heat impact. The three methods can be used independently or in combination. Therefore, according to the existing detection data accumulation, the qualitative result is obtained by measuring the key parameters of the glass, such as refractive index, ultraviolet transmittance, infrared transmittance, visible light transmittance, stress and the like, and comparing and analyzing the key parameters through the existing database, so as to identify whether the glass is subjected to fire-proof treatment or not.

According to the above embodiment, preferably, the step of detecting the optical characteristic parameters and/or the mechanical strength characteristic parameters of the glass and recording the detection results specifically comprises: detecting the refractive index of the glass to generate refractive index data; carrying out light transmittance detection on the glass to generate light transmittance data; carrying out stress detection on the glass to generate stress data; and generating a detection result according to the refractive index data, the light transmittance data and the stress data. The refractive index of glass is closely related to the wavelength of incident light, the density of the glass, the temperature, the thermal history, and the composition of the glass. The refractive index of the glass depends on the conversion rate of ions inside the glass and the density of the glass, and the larger the deformability of each ion inside the glass, the larger the energy absorbed when the light wave passes through, and the larger the decrease in propagation speed, the larger the refractive index, the larger the density of the glass, the slower the propagation speed of light in the glass, and the larger the refractive index. The refractive index of the glass can be approximately regarded as the sum of the refractive indexes of the oxides in each group, and the refractive index of each oxide is mainly determined by the molecular refraction and the molecular volume, and the larger the molecular refraction is, the larger the refractive index of the glass is: the larger the molecular volume, the smaller the refractive index of the glass. The glass material and structure can be effectively reflected by measuring the refractive index of the glass. Generally, heat reflective glass for light shielding and heat insulation is required to have a high reflectance, and heat absorbing glass for fire prevention is required to absorb a large amount of infrared radiation energy while maintaining good transmittance. For example, silica content of quartz glass is greater than 99.5%, and it has low thermal expansion coefficient, high temperature resistance, good chemical stability, ultraviolet and infrared light transmission, high melting temperature, high viscosity, and difficult molding. Silica glass has a silica content of about 96% and behaves similarly to quartz glass. Soda-lime glass is based on silica content and also contains 15% sodium oxide and 16% calcium oxide. The lead silicate glass mainly comprises silicon dioxide and lead oxide, has unique high refractive index and high volume resistance, has good wettability with metal, and takes silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide as main components. The high borosilicate glass is also called heat-resistant glass or hard glass, takes silicon oxide and barium oxide as main components, and has good heat resistance and chemical stability. The phosphate glass contains phosphorus pentoxide as a main component, and has low refractive index and low dispersion. Therefore, depending on the glass composition and the manufacturing process, the glass to be tested will exhibit corresponding light transmittance data under illumination from different light sources. Furthermore, due to the particularities of the production process, internal stresses are also present to a greater or lesser extent in the finished glass article. During the glass forming process, the stress due to the action of external mechanical forces or thermal non-uniformity upon cooling is referred to as thermal stress or macroscopic stress. The stress caused by the micro-inhomogeneous region formed inside the glass due to the compositional inhomogeneity is called structural stress or micro-stress. The stresses present in the glass in the volume range corresponding to the unit cell size are referred to as ultrasmall stresses. Due to the structural characteristics of the glass, microscopic and ultramicroscopic stress in the glass is extremely small, and the influence on the mechanical strength of the glass is not great. The most significant is the thermal stress in the glass, since this stress is usually very inhomogeneous, and in severe cases it reduces the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the glass product, affects the safe use of the product, and even causes self-cracking. Therefore, in order to ensure safety in use, it is stipulated that the residual internal stress of various glass products cannot exceed a certain prescribed value. Stresses in the glass include: macroscopic stress, which is generated by external force or thermal change, wherein the thermal stress can be divided into temporary stress and permanent stress (residual stress), the temporary stress is generated by the temperature difference between the inner surface and the outer surface of the glass when the glass is heated and cooled in the elastic deformation range, the stress exists along with the existence of the temperature gradient and disappears due to the disappearance of the temperature gradient, and the permanent stress is the stress still existing in the glass after the temperature of the glass is balanced; the microscopic stresses are formed by the presence of microscopic inhomogeneity zones or phase separation in the glass. Many transparent materials, including glass and plastic, are generally homogeneous bodies having isotropic properties, and when monochromatic light passes therethrough, the speed of light is independent of the direction of propagation and the plane of polarization of the light wave, and no birefringence occurs. However, when the glass has residual stress due to external mechanical action, uneven cooling from a softening point or higher after glass forming, or expansion mismatch at the sealing portion between the glass and the glass, the isotropic glass becomes an anisotropic body optically, monochromatic light is separated into two beams when passing through the glass, and the internal stress of the glass can be calculated by measuring the optical path difference between the two beams. The fireproof performance of the glass can be judged by carrying out stress detection on the glass to be detected.

According to the above embodiment, preferably, the step of comparing a plurality of characteristic parameters in the detection result with the characteristic parameters corresponding to the fire-proof glass to generate an analysis result includes: and inputting the refractive index data, the light transmittance data and the stress data into a fireproof glass characteristic parameter database for data matching to generate a matching degree, and taking the matching degree as an analysis result.

According to the above embodiment, preferably, the step of comparing a plurality of characteristic parameters in the detection result with the characteristic parameters corresponding to the fire-proof glass to generate an analysis result includes: and inputting the refractive index data, the light transmittance data and the stress data into a fireproof glass characteristic parameter database for data matching to generate a matching degree, and taking the matching degree as an analysis result.

According to the above embodiment, preferably, the step of detecting the refractive index of the glass to generate refractive index data includes: and detecting the refractive index data of the glass, and determining the type of the glass according to the refractive index data, wherein the type comprises high borosilicate glass, soda-lime-silica glass, microcrystalline glass, sodium potassium glass, cesium potassium glass, nano-silica glass, grouting composite glass and wired glass. The grouting composite glass comprises composite heat-insulating glass and pouring glass, wherein the composite heat-insulating glass is usually prepared by attaching 2 or more layers of glass sheets to 1 or more layers of inorganic fireproof glue interlayers in a composite manner. When a fire disaster happens, the glass facing to the fire surface can be burst quickly after meeting high temperature, the fireproof glue interlayer is foamed and expanded about 10 times in sequence, and a large amount of high heat caused by flame combustion is absorbed, so that a white and opaque fireproof glue board is formed, the integrity of fire resistance can be ensured by the hardness degree of the fireproof glue board, and the fireproof glue board has the function of heat insulation due to the porous structure. The pouring type glass is made by pouring inorganic fireproof glue into 2 pieces of glass after the glass is sealed. When a fire disaster happens, the glass facing to the fire surface is quickly burst after meeting high temperature, the middle transparent jelly-shaped inorganic fireproof glue layer is quickly hardened to form a white opaque fireproof heat insulation plate, and a large amount of high heat brought by flame combustion is absorbed. The flame is prevented from spreading, and meanwhile, the conduction of high temperature to a backfire surface is prevented to play a certain role. The high borosilicate glass is produced by tempering an original sheet of glass containing high borosilicate produced by a float process. Its fire-proof performance is derived from its very low coefficient of thermal expansion, 2-3 times lower than that of ordinary glass (silicate glass). In addition, borosilicate glass sheets are fire resistant and have the characteristics of high softening point, excellent thermal shock resistance, and adhesion. Therefore, when a fire disaster happens, the borosilicate monolithic glass is prevented from being broken and expanded easily, and is high-stability monolithic glass, and the fire resistance time of the borosilicate monolithic glass is up to 3 hours. The cesium potassium glass is made from ordinary float glass through special chemical treatment and physical tempering. The chemical treatment is used for ion exchange on the surface of the glass, so that alkali metal ions on the surface layer of the glass are replaced by other alkali metal ions in the molten salt, the strength of the glass is improved, and the thermal shock resistance is improved. And special physical toughening treatment is carried out, so that the requirements of safety glass are met.

According to the above embodiment, preferably, the step of detecting the light transmittance of the glass to generate light transmittance data specifically includes: and detecting ultraviolet light transmittance data, infrared light transmittance data and visible light transmittance data of the glass, and determining a treatment process of the glass according to one or more of the ultraviolet light transmittance data, the infrared light transmittance data and the visible light transmittance data, wherein the treatment process comprises whether to coat a film, whether to stick the film and whether to spray a heat insulating material.

According to the above embodiment, preferably, the step of performing stress detection on the glass to generate stress data specifically includes: and detecting stress data of the glass, and determining that the glass is unstressed glass, ordinary stressed glass or high-stress glass according to the stress data.

In this embodiment, the glass surface stress is very important for high-temperature fire-resistant glass, and after processing, the special glass may have a drastic change in texture in the surface layer of several to ten and several micrometers. In glass forming grinding, the contact is actually a point due to surface irregularities, which can be at a temperature much higher than the average temperature of the surface. In the process of forming the glass, chemical tempering is needed, and the chemical tempering has the characteristic of easily improving the fire resistance of the glass. The glass is used for a long time in a high-temperature environment, the use temperature generally exceeds 750 ℃, and due to the short action time, the temperature in the area is rapidly cooled down after friction, atoms cannot return to an equilibrium position in time, and certain degree of lattice distortion is caused. The distortion varies with depth, and an amorphous state is formed at about 5 to 10nm of the outermost layer, and the amorphous state contains metal and oxides thereof, namely a Bell's ratio layer. The bery layer may increase the surface strength of the material. After the surface processing treatment, a Bell ratio layer formed on the surface layer of the material generates large residual stress, the material is heated unevenly, and the thermal stress is generated in the material when the expansion coefficients of all parts are different and the temperature is changed. When the material is loaded, internal stress acts together with external stress. This makes it necessary to pay special attention to the effects of internal and long-term stresses in the glass during glass processing, and if the internal stress is opposite to the external stress, a part of the external stress is cancelled, thereby playing a favorable role. Therefore, the fireproof performance of the glass can be judged by detecting the stress of the glass.

According to the above embodiment, preferably, the method further comprises: step S4: acquiring detection data of the fireproof glass, and determining a refractive index parameter, an ultraviolet transmittance parameter, an infrared transmittance parameter, a visible light transmittance parameter and a stress parameter of the fireproof glass; and establishing a fireproof glass characteristic parameter database according to the refractive index parameter, the ultraviolet transmittance parameter, the infrared transmittance parameter, the visible light transmittance parameter and the stress parameter.

In the embodiment, the database is established according to the technical parameters of the standard fireproof glass, so that the measurement result of the glass to be measured can be conveniently and qualitatively analyzed to determine whether the glass is subjected to fireproof treatment or not.

According to the above embodiment, preferably, the method further comprises: step S5: and after the glass is determined to be subjected to fireproof treatment, recording the detection result of the glass into a fireproof glass characteristic parameter database.

In this embodiment, the detection data is updated and accumulated in real time, which helps to improve the detection accuracy.

As shown in fig. 2, a nondestructive testing method for fire-proof glass according to still another embodiment of the present invention includes: and (3) detecting the refractive index of the glass: distinguishing the types of glass (high borosilicate glass, soda lime silica glass, microcrystalline glass and the like); and (3) detecting the ultraviolet, infrared and visible light transmittance of the glass: distinguishing the treatment process of the glass (whether to coat a film, whether to stick the film or not, whether to spray a heat insulating material or not); and (3) glass stress detection: distinguishing the stress level of the glass (no stress, ordinary stress, high stress); and substituting the data into a database, and qualitatively judging whether the glass is subjected to fire prevention treatment or not.

In this embodiment, based on the existing accumulation of detection data, by measuring key parameters of the glass, such as refractive index, ultraviolet transmittance, infrared transmittance, visible light transmittance, stress, etc., a qualitative result is obtained by performing comparison analysis through the existing database, and meanwhile, new product data are continuously perfected.

In conclusion, the nondestructive testing method for the fireproof glass provided by the invention has the advantages that the testing cost is low, the testing speed is high, the destructive test on the glass is not needed, and the tested sample can be continuously used; the glass can be detected on site by using corresponding equipment for detecting the refractive index, the light transmittance and the stress of the glass, the detection in a special laboratory is not needed, the experiment cost is low, and the mass rapid detection can be carried out; the glass to be detected does not need to be disassembled, and the on-site detection can be carried out on the condition of the glass actually used in the engineering.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种防火玻璃无损检测方法，其特征在于，包括：1. a method for nondestructive testing of fire-resistant glass, characterized in that, comprising:检测出玻璃的光学特征参数和/或机械强度特征参数，记录检测结果；Detect the optical characteristic parameters and/or mechanical strength characteristic parameters of the glass, and record the detection results;将所述检测结果中的多个特征参数与防火玻璃相对应的特征参数进行对比分析，生成分析结果；Compare and analyze the plurality of characteristic parameters in the detection result and the characteristic parameters corresponding to the fireproof glass to generate an analysis result;根据所述分析结果确定所述玻璃经过防火处理，或者根据所述分析结果确定所述玻璃未经过防火处理。According to the analysis result, it is determined that the glass has undergone fire protection treatment, or it is determined according to the analysis result that the glass has not undergone fire protection treatment.2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防火玻璃无损检测方法，其特征在于，所述检测出玻璃的光学特征参数和/或机械强度特征参数，记录检测结果的步骤，具体包括：2. The method for nondestructive testing of fire-resistant glass according to claim 1, wherein the step of detecting the optical characteristic parameters and/or mechanical strength characteristic parameters of the glass and recording the detection results specifically includes:对玻璃进行折射率检测，生成折射率数据；Refractive index detection on glass to generate refractive index data;对所述玻璃进行透光率检测，生成透光率数据；Perform light transmittance detection on the glass to generate light transmittance data;对所述玻璃进行应力检测，生成应力数据；performing stress detection on the glass to generate stress data;根据所述折射率数据、所述透光率数据和所述应力数据生成所述检测结果。The detection result is generated based on the refractive index data, the light transmittance data, and the stress data.3.根据权利要求2所述的一种防火玻璃无损检测方法，其特征在于，所述将所述检测结果中的多个特征参数与防火玻璃相对应的特征参数进行对比分析，生成分析结果的步骤，具体包括：3. The non-destructive testing method for fire-resistant glass according to claim 2, characterized in that, comparing and analyzing a plurality of characteristic parameters in the detection result and characteristic parameters corresponding to the fire-resistant glass, generating a sample of the analysis result. steps, including:将所述折射率数据、所述透光率数据和所述应力数据输入防火玻璃特征参数数据库进行数据匹配，生成匹配度，将所述匹配度作为分析结果。The refractive index data, the transmittance data and the stress data are input into the fireproof glass characteristic parameter database for data matching to generate a matching degree, and the matching degree is used as an analysis result.4.根据权利要求3所述的一种防火玻璃无损检测方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述分析结果确定所述玻璃经过防火处理，或者根据所述分析结果确定所述玻璃未经过防火处理的步骤，具体包括：4 . The non-destructive testing method for fire-resistant glass according to claim 3 , wherein, according to the analysis result, it is determined that the glass has undergone fire-resistant treatment, or it is determined according to the analysis result that the glass has not undergone fire-resistant treatment. 5 . steps, including:所述匹配度大于第一阈值，确定所述玻璃经过防火处理；或者The degree of matching is greater than the first threshold, and it is determined that the glass is fire-resistant; or所述匹配度不大于所述第一阈值，确定所述玻璃未经过防火处理。If the matching degree is not greater than the first threshold, it is determined that the glass has not undergone fire protection treatment.5.根据权利要求2所述的一种防火玻璃无损检测方法，其特征在于，所述对玻璃进行折射率检测，生成折射率数据的步骤，具体包括：5. The method for nondestructive testing of fireproof glass according to claim 2, wherein the step of performing refractive index detection on glass and generating refractive index data specifically comprises:检测出所述玻璃的折射率数据，根据所述折射率数据确定所述玻璃的种类，其中，所述种类包括高硼硅玻璃、钠钙硅玻璃、微晶玻璃、钠钾玻璃、铯钾玻璃、纳米硅玻璃、灌浆复合玻璃和夹丝玻璃。Detecting the refractive index data of the glass, and determining the type of the glass according to the refractive index data, wherein the types include borosilicate glass, soda lime silica glass, glass-ceramic, soda-potassium glass, and cesium-potassium glass , nano-silica glass, grouting composite glass and wired glass.6.根据权利要求2所述的一种防火玻璃无损检测方法，其特征在于，所述对所述玻璃进行透光率检测，生成透光率数据的步骤，具体包括：6 . The method for nondestructive testing of fireproof glass according to claim 2 , wherein the step of performing light transmittance detection on the glass and generating light transmittance data specifically includes: 7 .检测出所述玻璃的紫外线透光率数据、红外线透光率数据和可见光透光率数据，根据所述紫外线透光率数据、红外线透光率数据和可见光透光率数据中的一项或多项确定所述玻璃的处理工艺，其中，所述处理工艺包括是否镀膜、是否贴膜、是否喷镀隔热材料。Detecting ultraviolet transmittance data, infrared transmittance data and visible light transmittance data of the glass, according to one or more of the ultraviolet transmittance data, infrared transmittance data and visible light transmittance data Item determines the treatment process of the glass, wherein the treatment process includes whether to coat a film, whether to stick a film, and whether to spray a thermal insulation material.7.根据权利要求2所述的一种防火玻璃无损检测方法，其特征在于，所述对所述玻璃进行应力检测，生成应力数据的步骤，具体包括：7. The nondestructive testing method for fireproof glass according to claim 2, wherein the step of performing stress testing on the glass and generating stress data specifically comprises:检测出所述玻璃的应力数据，根据所述应力数据确定所述玻璃为无应力玻璃、普通应力玻璃或高应力玻璃。Stress data of the glass is detected, and according to the stress data, it is determined that the glass is unstressed glass, ordinary stress glass or high stress glass.8.根据权利要求3所述的一种防火玻璃无损检测方法，其特征在于，还包括：8. The non-destructive testing method for fire-resistant glass according to claim 3, characterized in that, further comprising:获取防火玻璃的检测数据，确定所述防火玻璃的折射率参数、紫外线透过率参数、红外线透过率参数、可见光透过率参数和应力参数；Obtain the detection data of the fireproof glass, and determine the refractive index parameter, ultraviolet transmittance parameter, infrared transmittance parameter, visible light transmittance parameter and stress parameter of the fireproof glass;根据所述折射率参数、所述紫外线透过率参数、所述红外线透过率参数、所述可见光透过率参数和所述应力参数建立所述防火玻璃特征参数数据库。The fireproof glass characteristic parameter database is established according to the refractive index parameter, the ultraviolet transmittance parameter, the infrared transmittance parameter, the visible light transmittance parameter and the stress parameter.9.根据权利要求8所述的一种防火玻璃无损检测方法，其特征在于，还包括：9. A method for nondestructive testing of fire-resistant glass according to claim 8, characterized in that, further comprising:确定所述玻璃经过防火处理后，将所述玻璃的检测结果录入到所述防火玻璃特征参数数据库中。After it is determined that the glass has undergone fireproof treatment, the detection result of the glass is entered into the fireproof glass characteristic parameter database.

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