CN112270882B - Lumbar puncture teaching model for visualizing puncture points - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a lumbar puncture teaching model for visualizing puncture points; comprises a simulated human body, a simulated lumbar vertebra module and a simulated pelvic bone module; the simulated lumbar vertebra module is connected with the simulated pelvic bone module and embedded in a simulated human body; the simulated lumbar module is at least provided with a simulated supraspinal ligament, a simulated interspinous ligament, a simulated yellow ligament, a simulated hard spinal module, a simulated spinal canal, simulated cerebrospinal fluid, a fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and a fifth simulated lumbar vertebra which are adjacently arranged; the lumbar puncture marking ring which is opposite to the intervertebral space between the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra is arranged on the symmetrical central line of the back of the simulated human body; the simulated human body comprises simulated skin and simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue; a visual window is arranged at the waist position on the right side of the simulated human body; a perspective soft rubber block which can be seen through to the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue and the simulated lumbar vertebra module is embedded in the view window; the effect is as follows: the lumbar puncture point visualization method and the lumbar puncture path visualization device are capable of visualizing lumbar puncture points and visualizing puncture paths, so that the practicability is high, and the lumbar puncture technical level of a training doctor can be effectively improved.

Description

Lumbar puncture teaching model for visualizing puncture points

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical teaching tools, in particular to a lumbar puncture teaching model for visualizing puncture points.

Background

Indications for lumbar puncture mainly include: ① . Examining the properties of cerebrospinal fluid to aid in diagnosing inflammatory or hemorrhagic diseases of the central nervous system; ② . Measuring intracranial pressure and knowing that subarachnoid space is unobstructed; ③ . Performing other auxiliary examinations such as gas brain radiography, spinal cord air radiography, ventricular cerebral pool radionuclide scanning, and the like; ④ . After intracranial hemorrhage, inflammation or craniocerebral operation, the drainage has the stimulated cerebrospinal fluid which can be used for treating the clinical symptoms; ⑤ . Lumbar anesthesia or intrathecal injection medication is performed.

In the prior art, before lumbar puncture operation is performed on a patient, a doctor generally needs to use a lumbar puncture model to perform lumbar puncture exercise so as to be convenient for mastering the lumbar puncture technology, and provide experience for clinical practice in the future.

The existing lumbar puncture model generally comprises a simulated human body trunk made of silica gel materials and simulated lumbar vertebrae embedded in the corresponding simulated human body trunk, when in operation and exercise, an exercise doctor generally finds out the central point of the upper spine of the two ilium parts of the simulated human body trunk as a puncture point to puncture, the puncture direction during puncture is perpendicular to the back of the corresponding simulated human body trunk, and the puncture needle is used to puncture the vertebral canal of the corresponding simulated lumbar vertebrae through the vertebral body gap between the fourth simulated lumbar vertebrae and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebrae along the corresponding puncture direction by feel, so that the lumbar puncture exercise is completed.

The lumbar puncture model has certain defects and shortcomings although being widely used;

Specifically, on one hand, the process of finding the puncture point is the first step of lumbar puncture practice, when the puncture point is not found, the puncture practice performed through the wrong puncture point is a white effort, namely the existing lumbar puncture model cannot intuitively give out the guidance of the puncture point at the correct position to give out reference to a practicing doctor, so that the practicing doctor cannot perform the lumbar puncture practice each time effectively; on the other hand, the existing lumbar puncture model only has a simulated human body trunk and a simulated lumbar vertebra embedded in the corresponding simulated human body trunk, the simulated human body structure is not completely simulated, namely, the hierarchical structure of each tissue from the external skin to the innermost lumbar vertebra canal of the human body is not displayed, so that a training doctor cannot completely understand what the puncture path of a puncture needle used by the training doctor is, the blind points exist, the training is known to be performed according to the selected puncture points and the puncture directions, when the training is performed, the puncture is blocked in the puncture process, the in-situ puncture correction cannot be effectively and quickly performed according to the specific hierarchical structure of the human body due to the fact that the specific hierarchical structure of the human body is not known, and the training doctor cannot visually operate the training doctor can not conveniently see whether the puncture path is correct in the lumbar puncture training process, so that the technical level of the lumbar puncture training cannot be effectively improved.

Therefore, the existing lumbar puncture model structure needs to be improved and optimized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the lumbar puncture teaching model for visualizing the puncture point.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the problems in the prior art is as follows: a lumbar puncture teaching model for visualizing puncture points comprises a simulated human body, a simulated lumbar module and a simulated pelvic module;

The simulated lumbar vertebra module is connected with the simulated pelvic bone module to form a whole and is embedded in the simulated human body to be positioned on the central axis of the simulated human body; the simulated lumbar module is at least provided with a fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and a fifth simulated lumbar vertebra which are adjacently arranged; the lumbar puncture marking ring is arranged on the symmetrical central line of the back of the simulated human body and is opposite to the intervertebral space between the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra.

The following further describes the above technical scheme:

Preferably, the simulated human body comprises simulated skin and simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue;

the simulated lumbar module at least comprises a simulated supraspinal ligament, a simulated interspinous ligament, a simulated yellow ligament, a simulated hard spine module, a simulated vertebral canal, simulated cerebrospinal fluid, the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra which are distributed according to the structural form of the lumbar vertebra of a human body;

The simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue is arranged under the simulated skin; the simulated supraspinal ligament is connected with the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue to form a whole; the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra are adjacently arranged outside the simulated hard spine module, and an intervertebral space is formed between the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra; the simulated interspinous ligament and the simulated yellow ligament are both arranged between the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra, the simulated interspinous ligament is arranged between the simulated supraspinal ligament and the simulated yellow ligament, and the simulated yellow ligament is arranged close to the simulated hard spine module; the simulation vertebral canal is arranged in the simulation hard ridge module; the simulated cerebrospinal fluid is placed in the simulated vertebral canal;

The waist position on the right side of the simulated human body is provided with a window opening facing the back of the simulated human body; the transparent soft rubber block made of transparent soft rubber material and capable of being seen through the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue and the simulated lumbar module is embedded in the window, and the appearance of the transparent soft rubber block is smoothly transited to the appearance of the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue.

Preferably, the simulation removable skin used for covering the perspective soft rubber block is arranged outside the window, and one side of the simulation removable skin, which is positioned at the right waist of the simulation human body, is connected with the simulation skin to form a whole.

Preferably, the simulated skin and the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue are made of soft rubber materials, so that the simulated human body can be controlled to bend sideways when lying sideways.

Preferably, the simulated supraspinal ligament, the simulated interspinous ligament, the simulated yellow ligament, the simulated hard spine module and the simulated vertebral canal are all made of soft rubber materials; the simulated cerebrospinal fluid is red ink; the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra are made of hard materials.

Preferably, separation lines are respectively arranged at the connection positions of the simulated skin, the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue, the simulated supraspinal ligament, the simulated interspinous ligament, the simulated yellow ligament, the simulated hard spine module, the simulated vertebral canal, the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra.

Preferably, a liquid guide funnel communicated with the outside of the ear is arranged in the right ear of the simulated human body, and a liquid guide opening is formed in the inner end of the liquid guide funnel;

The one end that is close to of the vertebral canal the emulation pelvic bone module is sealed, deviates from the one end of emulation pelvic bone module follow emulation human inside extends to with the sealed intercommunication of drain mouth of drain funnel inner.

Preferably, the liquid guide funnel further comprises a sealing plug for covering the liquid guide funnel;

the inner end of the sealing plug is inserted from the right earplug of the simulated human body and is screwed at the outer end of the liquid guide funnel.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

According to the lumbar puncture teaching model for visualizing the puncture points, when the model is implemented, as the lumbar puncture marking ring is arranged on the symmetrical central line of the back of the simulated human body and is just opposite to the center point of the connecting line between the two upper lumbar vertebrae, the lumbar puncture marking ring can see whether the found lumbar puncture point is positioned at the center of the lumbar puncture marking ring, when a practitioner lays the lumbar puncture marking ring in a lateral position according to the puncture requirement of lumbar puncture, the practitioners touch the surface of the model, touch the surface of the application, find the simulated pelvic bone module, find the upper lumbar vertebrae on the back of the simulated human body, find a lumbar puncture point on the back of the simulated human body, so that the found lumbar puncture point is just positioned at the center point between the two upper lumbar vertebrae which are found in advance, and can accurately correct the puncture point of the lumbar puncture marking ring by taking the found lumbar puncture marking ring as the point of the puncture marking ring, and can correct the puncture point of the lumbar puncture device in time without any error, and can correct the puncture point of the lumbar puncture device by taking the puncture device as the point of the correct puncture point of the lumbar puncture marking ring without any error, and can accurately correcting the puncture point of the lumbar puncture point by taking the puncture point of the application, the lumbar puncture training device can find the correct position of the lumbar puncture point and perform lumbar puncture training according to the correct position, so that a training doctor can effectively perform lumbar puncture training each time.

Secondly, in the technical scheme, on one hand, because the simulated human body comprises simulated skin and simulated subcutaneous muscle tissues, the simulated lumbar module at least comprises a simulated supraspinal ligament, a simulated interspinous ligament, a simulated yellow ligament, a simulated hard spine module, a simulated spinal canal, simulated cerebrospinal fluid, the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra which are distributed according to the structural form of the lumbar vertebra of the human body, and a window opening facing the back of the simulated human body is formed in the right lumbar position of the simulated human body; a transparent soft rubber block made of transparent soft rubber material and capable of being seen through the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue and the simulated lumbar module is embedded in the window, and the appearance of the transparent soft rubber block is smoothly transited to the appearance of the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue; the simulation removable skin used for covering the perspective soft rubber block is arranged outside the window, so that a practicing doctor lifts the simulation removable skin when performing lumbar puncture practice, and can see the hierarchical structure of each tissue from the external simulation skin to the innermost simulation vertebral canal, so that the practicing doctor can almost completely understand what the puncture path of a puncture needle used by the practicing doctor is, namely, the corresponding puncture path is approximately 'simulation skin-simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue-simulated supraspinal ligament-simulated interspinous ligament-simulated ligamentum flavum-simulated hard spine module-simulated vertebral canal', the practicing doctor can know and know the puncture practice according to the selected puncture point and puncture direction, when the practicing doctor performs actual practice and performs puncture blocking and the like in the puncture process, the practicing doctor can effectively and quickly make puncture correction in a temporary field according to the specific hierarchical structure of the human body, if the puncture depth is not blocked in the puncture process, the puncture needle head can be possibly punctured to the fourth simulation lumbar vertebra or the fifth simulation lumbar vertebra, the puncture needle can be used by the practicing doctor, the puncture needle can respond smoothly in a puncture process, the puncture practice field can be further realized, and the puncture practice process can be realized, the puncture practice is realized in good time, and the puncture practice process is realized, and the puncture practice process is further has good, and the puncture practice is realized in a practical training process.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic rear view of a lumbar puncture teaching model for visualizing puncture points according to the invention;

fig. 2 is a rear view exploded schematic diagram of a lumbar puncture teaching model for visualizing puncture points according to the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic rear view in cross section of a lumbar puncture teaching model for visualizing a puncture site in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the lumbar puncture teaching model with visualized puncture points after ninety degrees of clockwise rotation;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the partially simulated skin, partially simulated subdermal musculature and partially simulated lumbar module of FIG. 4 as seen through the see-through soft gel block;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of lumbar puncture needles used in penetrating the partially simulated skin, partially simulated subdermal musculature and partially simulated lumbar module seen in FIG. 5 and penetrating the corresponding simulated spinal canal;

The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.

Reference numerals:

Lumbar puncture teaching model 1000 for visualizing puncture points;

Simulating a human body 10;

Lumbar puncture marking ring 10A;

Simulating skin 101; a window 1011; imitation subdermal musculature 102; perspective soft rubber block 103; simulating removable skin 104; a liquid guiding funnel 105;

A simulated lumbar module 20;

A fourth simulated lumbar vertebra 201; a fifth simulated lumbar vertebra 202; simulating an supraspinal ligament 203; emulating an interspinous ligament 204; a simulated yellow ligament 205; a simulated hard spine module 206; a simulated spinal canal 207; simulating cerebrospinal fluid 208;

A simulated pelvic module 30;

a sealing plug 40;

lumbar puncture needle 2000;

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so as to more clearly and intuitively understand the essence of the present invention.

As shown in connection with fig. 1-6;

The lumbar puncture teaching model 1000 for visualizing puncture points comprises a simulated human body 10, a simulated lumbar module 20 and a simulated pelvic bone module 30;

Wherein, the artificial lumbar module 20 is connected with the artificial pelvic module 30 to form a whole and is embedded in the artificial human body 10 to be positioned on the central axis of the artificial human body 10; the artificial lumbar module 20 has at least a fourth artificial lumbar vertebra 201 and a fifth artificial lumbar vertebra 202 disposed adjacent to each other; the lumbar puncture marking ring 10A is arranged on the back symmetrical central line of the simulated human body 10, and the lumbar puncture marking ring 10A is opposite to the intervertebral space between the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra 201 and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra 202.

Based on the above, it can be clear that, when the present invention is implemented, it is mainly used as the lumbar puncture teaching model 1000 for visualizing the puncture point.

Because the lumbar puncture marking ring 10A is arranged on the back symmetric central line of the artificial human body 10, the lumbar puncture marking ring 10A is an intervertebral space between the fourth artificial lumbar vertebra 201 and the fifth artificial lumbar vertebra 202, which are opposite to the artificial lumbar module 20.

After the doctor lays the application in the lateral position and in the bending state according to the puncture requirement of the lumbar puncture, touching the surface of the application by hand, touching the simulated pelvic bone module 30, finding the two posterior upper iliac spines of the trunk of the simulated human body 10, and finding a lumbar puncture point on the back of the simulated human body 10 so that the found lumbar puncture point is just positioned at the center point of a connecting line between the two posterior upper iliac spines which are found in advance, and at the moment, the doctor can see whether the found lumbar puncture point is positioned at the center of the lumbar puncture marking ring 10A;

when the found lumbar puncture point is positioned at the center of the lumbar puncture marking ring 10A, the found lumbar puncture point is accurate in position, and the next lumbar puncture practice action can be performed, so that idle work caused by the fact that the puncture point is not found in advance can be effectively avoided, and the puncture practice of the spirit is performed through the wrong puncture point;

When the found lumbar puncture point is not in the center of the lumbar puncture marking ring 10A, the found lumbar puncture point is shown to be inaccurate, so that the application can perform operation guidance for a training doctor, the corresponding lumbar puncture marking ring 10A can give the training doctor a reference, and the finding and positioning link of the lumbar puncture point can be corrected in time, so that the operation experience of the lumbar puncture training doctor can be effectively improved, the correct position of the lumbar puncture point can be found, and lumbar puncture training can be performed according to the correct position, and the training doctor can perform lumbar puncture training each time.

Furthermore, the lumbar puncture site is visualized, so that the practicability is strong, the operability is strong, and the use effect is good.

Preferably, in the present embodiment, the simulated human body 10 includes simulated skin 101 and simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue 102;

The artificial lumbar module 20 at least comprises an artificial supraspinal ligament 203, an artificial interspinous ligament 204, an artificial yellow ligament 205, an artificial dural module 206, an artificial spinal canal 207, an artificial cerebrospinal fluid 208, the fourth artificial lumbar vertebra 201 and the fifth artificial lumbar vertebra 202 which are arranged according to the structural form of the lumbar vertebra of the human body;

The simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue 102 is provided under the simulated skin 101; the simulated supraspinal ligament 203 is connected with the simulated subcutaneous musculature 102 to form a whole; the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra 201 and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra 202 are adjacently disposed outside the simulated hard spine module 206, forming an intervertebral space therebetween; the artificial interspinous ligament 204 and the artificial ligamentum flavum 205 are both arranged between the fourth artificial lumbar vertebra 201 and the fifth artificial lumbar vertebra 202, the artificial interspinous ligament 204 is arranged between the artificial supraspinal ligament 203 and the artificial ligamentum flavum 205, and the artificial ligamentum flavum 205 is arranged close to the artificial hard spine module 206; the simulated spine tube 207 is disposed within the simulated spine module 206; the simulated cerebrospinal fluid 208 is placed in the simulated spinal canal 207;

The waist position on the right side of the simulated human body 10 is provided with a window 1011 facing the back of the human body; the window 1011 is embedded with a transparent soft rubber block 103 made of transparent soft rubber material and capable of being seen through the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue 102 and the simulated lumbar module 20, and the appearance of the transparent soft rubber block 103 is smoothly transited to the appearance of the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue 102; the window 1011 is externally provided with a simulated removable skin 104 for covering the perspective soft rubber block 103, and one side of the simulated removable skin 104, which is positioned on the right waist of the simulated human body 10, is connected with the simulated skin 101 to form a whole.

As described above, since the artificial human body 10 includes the artificial skin 101 and the artificial subcutaneous muscle tissue 102, the artificial lumbar module 20 at least includes the artificial supraspinal ligament 203, the artificial interspinous ligament 204, the artificial yellow ligament 205, the artificial dural module 206, the artificial spinal canal 207, the artificial cerebrospinal fluid 208, the fourth artificial lumbar vertebra 201 and the fifth artificial lumbar vertebra 202, and the right lumbar portion of the artificial human body 10 is provided with a window 1011 facing the back thereof; the window 1011 is embedded with a transparent soft rubber block 103 made of transparent soft rubber material and capable of being seen through the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue 102 and the simulated lumbar module 20, and the appearance of the transparent soft rubber block 103 is smoothly transited to the appearance of the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue 102; the window 1011 is externally provided with a simulated removable skin 104 for covering the see-through soft rubber block 103.

In this way, when the practitioner performs lumbar puncture practice, the simulated removable skin 104 is lifted, and the layered structure of each tissue from the external simulated skin 101 to the innermost simulated vertebral canal 207 can be seen, so that the practitioner can almost completely understand what the puncture path of the puncture needle is, that is, the corresponding puncture path is approximately "the simulated skin 101-the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue 102-the simulated supraspinal ligament 203-the simulated interspinous ligament 204-the simulated yellow ligament 205-the simulated hard spine module 206-the simulated vertebral canal 207", so that the practitioner can know and know the puncture practice according to the selected puncture point and the puncture direction, when the practitioner performs the actual practice and the puncture is blocked in the puncture process, the practitioner can effectively and quickly perform in-situ puncture correction according to the specific layered structure of the human body, for example, the puncture depth is not blocked enough in the puncture process, that is, and the puncture needle can puncture the fourth simulated vertebra 201 or the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra 202 in-situ can smoothly respond to the puncture path in time, and the puncture direction can be performed in-situ and smoothly.

Furthermore, the application can further realize visual lumbar puncture practice for the practicing doctor, so that the technical level of lumbar puncture practice for the practicing doctor can be further improved, and the beneficial effect of the application is better.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the simulated skin 101 and the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue 102 are made of soft rubber materials, so that the simulated human body 10 can be manipulated to bend sideways when lying sideways.

Before the lumbar puncture training device is used, the training doctor is required to swing the device to a position, so that the training doctor is in a lateral position and in a bending state, and the device can reach the position required by lumbar puncture for the training doctor to perform lumbar puncture training.

In addition, in the implementation, the simulated supraspinal ligament 203, the simulated interspinous ligament 204, the simulated yellow ligament 205, the simulated hard spine module 206 and the simulated vertebral canal 207 are all made of soft rubber materials, so that the texture is soft, and the puncture of the puncture needle is facilitated; the simulated cerebrospinal fluid 208 is red ink, so that the simulated cerebrospinal fluid 208 with the red ink can be seen from the 2000 head of the lumbar puncture needle when the lumbar puncture is put in place and the needle core is pulled out; the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra 201 and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra 202 are made of hard materials such that the texture is hard to simulate the fourth lumbar vertebra and the fifth lumbar vertebra outside the human lumbar vertebra.

Again, in this technical solution, the positions of the simulated skin 101, the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue 102, the simulated supraspinal ligament 203, the simulated interspinous ligament 204, the simulated yellow ligament 205, the simulated hard spine module 206, the simulated spinal canal 207, the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra 201 and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra 202, which are connected with each other, are respectively provided with separation lines, so as to effectively show specific positions thereof to separate them, thereby being convenient for a teaching doctor to intuitively teach and explain a training doctor.

Meanwhile, in this embodiment, a liquid guiding funnel 105 communicating with the outside of the ear is disposed in the right ear of the simulated human body 10, and a liquid guiding port is opened at the inner end of the liquid guiding funnel 105;

wherein, the end of the simulation vertebral canal 207 close to the simulation pelvic bone module 30 is closed, and the end facing away from the simulation pelvic bone module 30 extends from the inside of the simulation human body 10 to be in sealing communication with the liquid guiding port at the inner end of the liquid guiding funnel 105.

And, on this basis, the application also comprises a sealing plug 40 for covering the liquid guiding funnel 105;

The inner end of the sealing plug 40 is inserted from the right earplug of the simulated human body 10, and is screwed on the outer end of the liquid guide funnel 105.

Thus, it can be summarized that:

In one aspect, the present application does not provide a reservoir for storing the simulated cerebrospinal fluid 208 within the simulated human body 10 to provide to the simulated spinal canal 207 for the purpose of: the weight of the application is prevented from being increased, so that the total weight of the application is light, and the operation is labor-saving during the actual operation and the control;

on the other hand, since the simulated cerebrospinal fluid 208 is not much to be extracted during each lumbar puncture exercise, the simulated spinal canal 207 can be used for tens of times after the simulated cerebrospinal fluid 208 is filled, that is, the application does not need to worry about the problem of insufficient storage of the simulated cerebrospinal fluid 208, and the simulated spinal canal 207 is temporarily added when the simulated spinal fluid 208 is not filled.

In addition, the liquid storage tank for storing the simulated cerebrospinal fluid 208 is not arranged in the simulated human body 10 so as to provide the simulated spinal canal 207, so that a liquid filling port communicated with the corresponding liquid storage tank is not required to be arranged outside the simulated human body 10, and the simulated human body 10 has good integrity and vivid simulation effect.

Meanwhile, the liquid guide funnel 105 is arranged on the right ear of the simulated human body 10 and is sealed by the sealing plug 40, so that the simulated cerebrospinal fluid 208 in the simulated vertebral canal 207 can not overflow, and meanwhile, the liquid guide funnel 105 is good in concealment and can keep the integrity of the surface of the simulated human body 10.

Furthermore, the application can achieve the best use effect.

And from the above, it can be summarized that the general process of lumbar puncture practice using the present application is:

Firstly, a practicing doctor lays the application on a horizontal bed, so that the simulated human body 10 is in a lateral lying position and is in a bowing state to be kept motionless;

Secondly, the practitioner touches the surface of the simulated human body 10 of the present application with hands, touches the simulated pelvic bone module 30 and finds the two posterior upper iliac spines of the trunk of the simulated human body 10, and finds a lumbar puncture point on the back of the simulated human body 10 of the present application, so that the found lumbar puncture point is just located at the center point of the connecting line between the two posterior upper iliac spines found in advance, and at this time, the found lumbar puncture point is just located at the center of the lumbar puncture marking ring 10A; when the found lumbar puncture point is not located at the center of the lumbar puncture marking ring 10A, the found lumbar puncture point is required to be located at the center of the lumbar puncture marking ring 10A;

Again, it uses the lumbar puncture needle 2000 to gradually puncture the simulated human body 10 from the direction perpendicular to the back of the simulated human body 10 at the found lumbar puncture point, so as to perform lumbar puncture practice, and in this process, the practicing doctor can lift the simulated removable skin 104, and then can see the lumbar puncture path as being approximately "simulated skin 101-simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue 102-simulated supraspinal ligament 203-simulated interspinous ligament 204-simulated yellow ligament 205-simulated hard spine module 206-simulated spinal canal 207";

Furthermore, according to common knowledge, the depth of the adult needle is about 4cm-6cm, and the depth of the child needle is 2cm-4cm. When the needle head of the lumbar puncture needle 2000 penetrates into the simulated vertebral canal 207, the resistance can be obviously felt to suddenly disappear and the feeling of falling is felt, at the moment, the lumbar puncture practice is shown in place, and then the needle core of the lumbar puncture needle 2000 can be slowly pulled out, so that the simulated cerebrospinal fluid 208 in the simulated vertebral canal 207 can flow into the used needle head of the lumbar puncture needle 2000.

Thus, the lumbar puncture practice is completed by using the application.

Other embodiments, etc., are not illustrated herein.

In summary, the invention has the advantages of simple integral structure, easy implementation, easy operation, strong practicability, strong specificity and low manufacturing cost, and does not need to increase too much cost in the improvement of the structure and the improvement of the technology, so that the invention has very good market popularization value, and can be very popular and can be effectively popularized.

The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all changes in the equivalent structure or equivalent flow made by the description of the invention and the accompanying drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are equally included in the scope of the invention.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a with visual lumbar puncture teaching model of puncture point which characterized in that: comprises a simulated human body, a simulated lumbar vertebra module and a simulated pelvic bone module;

The simulated lumbar vertebra module is connected with the simulated pelvic bone module to form a whole and is embedded in the simulated human body to be positioned on the central axis of the simulated human body; the simulated lumbar module is at least provided with a fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and a fifth simulated lumbar vertebra which are adjacently arranged; a lumbar puncture marking ring is arranged on the symmetrical central line of the back of the simulated human body, and the lumbar puncture marking ring is opposite to the intervertebral space between the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra;

The simulated human body comprises simulated skin and simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue;

the simulated lumbar module at least comprises a simulated supraspinal ligament, a simulated interspinous ligament, a simulated yellow ligament, a simulated hard spine module, a simulated vertebral canal, simulated cerebrospinal fluid, the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra which are distributed according to the structural form of the lumbar vertebra of a human body;

The simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue is arranged under the simulated skin; the simulated supraspinal ligament is connected with the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue to form a whole; the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra are adjacently arranged outside the simulated hard spine module, and an intervertebral space is formed between the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra; the simulated interspinous ligament and the simulated yellow ligament are both arranged between the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra, the simulated interspinous ligament is arranged between the simulated supraspinal ligament and the simulated yellow ligament, and the simulated yellow ligament is arranged close to the simulated hard spine module; the simulation vertebral canal is arranged in the simulation hard ridge module; the simulated cerebrospinal fluid is placed in the simulated vertebral canal;

The waist position on the right side of the simulated human body is provided with a window opening facing the back of the simulated human body; a transparent soft rubber block made of transparent soft rubber material and capable of being seen through the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue and the simulated lumbar module is embedded in the window, and the appearance of the transparent soft rubber block is smoothly transited to the appearance of the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue;

The simulation removable skin used for covering the perspective soft rubber block is arranged outside the window, and one side of the simulation removable skin, which is positioned at the right waist of the simulation human body, is connected with the simulation skin to form a whole;

the simulated skin and the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue are made of soft rubber materials, so that the simulated human body can be controlled to bend down sideways when lying sideways;

the simulated supraspinal ligament, the simulated interspinous ligament, the simulated yellow ligament, the simulated hard spine module and the simulated vertebral canal are all made of soft rubber materials; the simulated cerebrospinal fluid is red ink; the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra are made of hard materials;

The simulated skin, the simulated subcutaneous muscle tissue, the simulated supraspinal ligament, the simulated interspinous ligament, the simulated yellow ligament, the simulated hard spine module, the simulated vertebral canal, the fourth simulated lumbar vertebra and the fifth simulated lumbar vertebra are respectively provided with separation lines at the connection positions;

A liquid guide funnel communicated with the outside of the ear is arranged in the right ear of the simulated human body, and a liquid guide opening is formed in the inner end of the liquid guide funnel;

One end of the simulation vertebral canal, which is close to the simulation pelvic bone module, is closed, and one end of the simulation vertebral canal, which is away from the simulation pelvic bone module, extends from the interior of the simulation human body to be communicated with the liquid guide port at the inner end of the liquid guide funnel in a sealing manner;

The sealing plug is used for covering the liquid guide funnel;

the inner end of the sealing plug is inserted from the right earplug of the simulated human body and is screwed at the outer end of the liquid guide funnel.