Background
With the continuous development of information technology, a service platform can provide more and more services for users, and in the process of processing the services, the users usually need to send some information to the users by the service platform, so that the users can better process the services through the service platform. For example, if the user needs to pay for a debit account of the service platform two days later, the service platform may send a short message reminding the user of payment. As another example, if the business platform is conducting a promotional program, information about the promotional program may be pushed to the user's client.
Disclosure of Invention
The specification provides an information pushing method and device, which are used for pushing information to a user.
The technical scheme adopted by the specification is as follows:
the present specification provides an information push method, including:
acquiring information to be processed corresponding to different services;
for each piece of information to be processed, determining a data channel for processing the information to be processed from each data channel as a target data channel according to a service corresponding to the information to be processed;
extracting attribute information from the information to be processed through the target data channel, wherein the attribute information is used for determining information content needing to be pushed;
inquiring an information pushing rule matched with the attribute information from all information pushing rules stored in a preset configuration center through the attribute information to serve as a target pushing rule, wherein the configuration center is used for storing the information pushing rule corresponding to each service;
determining information to be pushed according to the target pushing rule and the attribute information, and determining a pushing mode for pushing the information to be pushed;
and carrying out information push on the information to be pushed according to the push mode.
Optionally, determining information to be pushed according to the target pushing rule and the attribute information, specifically including:
determining a data selection rule corresponding to the attribute information from pre-stored data selection rules according to the target pushing rule, and taking the data selection rule as a target selection rule;
and selecting data from the attribute information according to the target selection rule, and determining information to be pushed according to the target pushing rule and the selected data.
Optionally, the extracting, by the target data channel, attribute information from the information to be processed, where the attribute information is used to determine information content that needs to be pushed, specifically includes:
inquiring the data channel configuration corresponding to the target data channel;
and extracting attribute information from the information to be processed according to the data channel configuration.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
if a configuration change message sent by a rule configuration platform is received according to a preset first monitor, determining a data channel with changed data channel configuration as a data channel to be adjusted according to the configuration change message;
and acquiring the changed data channel configuration of the data channel to be adjusted from the rule configuration platform, and storing the changed data channel configuration in the configuration center.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
if a rule change message sent by a rule configuration platform is received according to a preset second monitor, determining an information pushing rule needing to be adjusted according to the rule change message, and using the information pushing rule as an information pushing rule to be adjusted;
and acquiring a changed information pushing rule corresponding to the information pushing rule to be adjusted from the rule configuration platform, and storing the changed information pushing rule in the configuration center.
Optionally, the pushing manner includes: the information to be processed comprises at least one of short messages, voice calls and client information push, and the information to be processed comprises information in a message queue MQ form.
This specification provides an information push system, including:
a push system and at least one business system;
the service system sends information to be processed;
the push system acquires the information to be processed sent by different service systems, and aiming at each information to be processed, determining a data channel for processing the information to be processed from all data channels as a target data channel according to the service corresponding to the information to be processed, extracting attribute information from the information to be processed through the target data channel, inquiring information push rules matched with the attribute information from all information push rules stored in a preset configuration center through the attribute information to be used as target push rules, wherein the configuration center is used for storing the information push rules corresponding to all services, and determining information to be pushed according to the target pushing rule and the attribute information, determining a pushing mode for pushing the information to be pushed, and pushing the information to be pushed according to the pushing mode.
This specification provides a device of information propelling movement, includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring information to be processed corresponding to different services;
a channel determining module, configured to determine, for each piece of information to be processed, a data channel for processing the piece of information to be processed from the data channels according to a service corresponding to the piece of information to be processed, where the data channel is used as a target data channel;
the extraction module is used for extracting attribute information from the information to be processed through the target data channel, wherein the attribute information is used for determining information content needing to be pushed;
the query module is used for querying an information pushing rule matched with the attribute information from all information pushing rules stored in a preset configuration center through the attribute information to serve as a target pushing rule, and the configuration center is used for storing the information pushing rule corresponding to each service;
the mode determining module is used for determining information to be pushed according to the target pushing rule and the attribute information and determining a pushing mode for pushing the information to be pushed;
and the pushing module is used for pushing the information to be pushed according to the pushing mode.
The present specification provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program realizes the above information pushing method when executed by a processor.
The present specification provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the above information pushing method when executing the program.
The technical scheme adopted by the specification can achieve the following beneficial effects:
in the information push method provided in this specification, to-be-processed information corresponding to different services is acquired, and for each to-be-processed information, a data channel for processing the to-be-processed information is determined from each data channel according to the service corresponding to the to-be-processed information, and the data channel is used as a target data channel. And then, extracting attribute information from the information to be processed through a target data channel, wherein the attribute information is used for determining the information content needing to be pushed. And inquiring an information pushing rule matched with the attribute information from all information pushing rules stored in a preset configuration center through the attribute information to serve as a target pushing rule, wherein the configuration center is used for storing the information pushing rule corresponding to each service. And then, determining information to be pushed according to the target pushing rule and the attribute information, determining a pushing mode for pushing the information to be pushed, and pushing the information to be pushed according to the pushing mode.
The method can determine the information to be pushed and push the information to the user corresponding to the information to be processed according to the preset target pushing rule corresponding to the information to be processed after receiving the information to be processed, and can show that the information pushing rules of various businesses can be stored and managed in the configuration center, namely, the method can uniformly maintain the information pushing service required by each business and provided for the user, thereby effectively improving the maintainability of information pushing.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clear, the technical solutions of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present disclosure and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present specification without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present specification.
In this specification, the service platform may include a push system, at least one service system, and a rule configuration platform, as shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a push system, a service system, and a rule configuration platform included in a service platform provided in this specification.
Each business system is responsible for processing different businesses in the business platform, the rule configuration platform can be used for configuring different information pushing rules, and the pushing system can push information to a user through the pre-configured information pushing rules corresponding to the information to be processed after receiving the information to be processed sent by the business system.
For example, the service system included in the service platform is a loan system, and the push system receives a piece of pending information sent by the loan system, where the pending information is used to notify the user a of payment within a specified time. Then, the pushing system queries that the information pushing rule corresponding to the information to be processed is that a repayment notice needs to be sent to the user in a client information pushing mode, and then the pushing system can push the repayment notice to the client installed on the user A holding terminal.
In the prior art, a service platform only includes service systems, and each service system realizes information push according to a push mode maintained by the service system. That is, for each business system, the business system maintains the information pushing function required by the business independently, and once the original information pushing rule needs to be changed or a new information pushing mode needs to be added, the code of the business about information pushing needs to be adjusted integrally by updating the version, which will increase the maintenance cost of developers.
In order to solve the above problems, the present specification provides an information pushing method, in which a pushing system may determine information to be pushed and push the information to a user corresponding to the information to be processed according to a pre-configured target pushing rule corresponding to the information to be processed after receiving information to be processed sent by different service systems, and it can be seen that information pushing rules of various services may be stored and managed in a configuration center, that is, the method may uniformly maintain information pushing services required by various services and provided to the user, thereby effectively improving maintainability of information pushing.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present description are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an information pushing method in this specification, which specifically includes the following steps:
s201: and acquiring information to be processed corresponding to different services.
In practical applications, during a process of processing a service, a service platform may need to push information of service-related information to a user. For example, when the service platform gives a coupon of 2 sheets to the user a during a sales promotion event, the service platform may push information such as "give a coupon of 2 sheets to you and please use it as soon as possible" to the user by sending a short message.
In practical applications, the information push modes corresponding to different services of the service platform may be different. Therefore, in this specification, a function of pushing information to a user may be provided by a push system in a service platform, each service system only needs to send information to be processed of a service corresponding to the service system to the push system, and after the push system obtains the information to be processed corresponding to different services, the push system may push information to the user according to the information to be processed.
The information to be processed mentioned here is used for indicating that the service system needs to push information to the user subsequently, and the information to be processed includes data required for information recommendation to the user. It should be emphasized that the information to be processed is not the final information to be pushed to the user, and the pushing system may determine the information to be pushed to the user through the information to be processed and push the information.
It should be noted that the information to be processed includes information in the form of a Message Queue (MQ), so the information to be processed may be received in the form of a Message Queue, because the information to be pushed is not high in requirement on real-time performance. Furthermore, the service system only needs to send the information to be processed to the pushing system, the pushing system completes information pushing, and the service system does not need to execute the information pushing function.
S202: and aiming at each piece of information to be processed, determining a data channel for processing the information to be processed from each data channel as a target data channel according to the service corresponding to the information to be processed.
S203: and extracting attribute information from the information to be processed through the target data channel, wherein the attribute information is used for determining the information content needing to be pushed.
After the push system acquires the information to be processed, a data channel for processing the information to be processed is determined from the data channels according to the service corresponding to the information to be processed for each information to be processed, and the data channel is used as a target data channel. The pushing system can receive the information to be processed through the target data channel and process the information to be processed. The pushing system can extract attribute information from the information to be processed according to the target data channel, and the attribute information can be used for determining information content needing to be pushed. The data channel mentioned here is used for receiving and processing information to be processed, and the data channels corresponding to different services are different.
In this specification, each data channel corresponds to a data channel configuration of the data channel, and the data channel configuration corresponding to the data channel determines which attribute information in the information to be processed can be extracted by the data channel. Therefore, the push system can query the data channel configuration corresponding to the target data channel, and extract the attribute information from the information to be processed according to the data channel configuration.
For example, assume that the information to be processed is data in the form of:
and the data channel configuration corresponding to the target data channel is in the following form:
the messageType contained in the information to be processed represents the type of the information to be processed, the messageType is 34, the information to be processed is the information notifying the payment type, the userId represents the user Id of the user corresponding to the information to be processed, the amount represents the amount of the payment of the user, and the date represents the date of the payment of the user. The eventType included in the data channel configuration corresponding to the target data channel indicates that the target data channel is used for processing the information to be processed with the messageType of 34, the data channel configuration indicates that the target data channel extracts the messageType, the userId, the date, the bizSerialNo and the amount in the information to be processed as attribute information, and then information needing to be pushed to the user can be selected from the attribute information.
S204: and inquiring an information pushing rule matched with the attribute information from all information pushing rules stored in a preset configuration center as a target pushing rule through the attribute information, wherein the configuration center is used for storing the information pushing rule corresponding to each service.
After the attribute information in the information to be processed is extracted by the pushing system, an information pushing rule matched with the attribute information can be inquired from all information pushing rules stored in a preset configuration center according to the attribute information and is used as a target pushing rule. The configuration center is used for storing information push rules corresponding to the services.
The target push rule mentioned here indicates a rule for pushing information to a user corresponding to the information to be processed, for example, if a push mode in the target push rule is to push information in a short message mode, the push system can push information to the user in a short message.
For another example, the target push rule may be configured with a push frequency, and if the push frequency is set to be pushed once a day, the push system only pushes information to the user once a day after determining that the information needs to be pushed. As can be seen from this, the dimension information, such as the pushing manner, the pushing frequency, the pushing time, etc., included in the target pushing rule actually specifies a specific pushing procedure when the pushing system pushes information based on the target pushing rule.
S205: and determining information to be pushed according to the target pushing rule and the attribute information, and determining a pushing mode for pushing the information to be pushed.
S206: and carrying out information push on the information to be pushed according to the push mode.
After the pushing system determines the target pushing rule matched with the attribute information, the information to be pushed can be determined according to the target pushing rule and the attribute information, and the pushing mode for pushing the information to be pushed is determined, wherein the information to be pushed is the information to be pushed to the user. The push method mentioned here may include at least one of short message, voice call, and client information push, and other push methods are not illustrated here.
The pushing system can determine a data selection rule corresponding to the attribute information from the pre-stored data selection rules according to the target pushing rule, and the data selection rule is used as the target selection rule.
The target selection rule is used to select data included in the attribute information, where the selected data may be data included in the information to be pushed or may be data used to determine the information to be pushed. For example, if the target selection rule includes "$ message dto. account", the selected data includes 900.00 in the above example, that is, the repayment amount included in the information to be pushed to the user. For another example, if the target selection rule includes "$ message dto. userId", the selected data includes 45699345 in the above example, further, the pushing system may query a user name of the user according to the userId, and correspondingly, the information to be pushed to the user may include the user name.
The information to be pushed is information that needs to be pushed to the user, and the information to be pushed is determined according to the selected data and the target pushing rule. Continuing to use the above example, after the data of userId, amount and bizSerialNo are extracted through the target selection rule, the user name inquired by the pushing system according to the userId is the user A, and then the information to be pushed is determined to be 'user A, and the successful repayment is 900 yuan'.
After the push system determines the information to be pushed, the push system can push the information to be pushed to the corresponding user according to the determined push mode for pushing the information to be pushed. For example, if the determined push mode is to push information in a short message mode, for the information to be pushed in the above example, the phone number of the user corresponding to the information to be processed may be queried according to the userId, and then the information to be pushed in a short message form may be sent according to the phone number.
For another example, if the determined push mode is short message and client information push, for the information to be pushed in the above example, the push system not only needs to query the phone number of the user corresponding to the information to be processed according to the userId, and send the short message containing the information to be pushed according to the phone number, but also needs to push the information to be pushed to the client of the user.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned data channel configuration and the information push rule may be configured on a rule configuration platform. Thus, for each service, the information push rule and the data channel configuration corresponding to the service can be changed at any time according to actual requirements. The changing of the information pushing rule and the data channel configuration mentioned herein may refer to changing the original information pushing rule and the data channel configuration, or may refer to adding a new information pushing rule and a new data channel configuration.
When the configuration of the data channel is changed, the push system may receive, according to a preset first listener, a configuration change message sent by the rule configuration platform, and determine, according to the configuration change message, the data channel whose configuration of the data channel is changed, as the data channel to be adjusted. The pushing system can acquire the changed data channel configuration of the data channel to be adjusted from the rule configuration platform and store the changed data channel configuration in the configuration center. And then, adjusting the data channel to be adjusted according to the changed data channel configuration. The configuration change message is used for informing the rule configuration platform to the push system which data channel configuration is changed.
Correspondingly, when the information pushing rule is changed, the pushing system can receive a rule change message sent by the rule configuration platform according to a preset second monitor, and determine the information pushing rule to be adjusted according to the rule change message, and the information pushing rule is used as the information pushing rule to be adjusted. And then, acquiring a changed information pushing rule corresponding to the information pushing rule to be adjusted from the rule configuration platform, and storing the changed information pushing rule in the configuration center. The rule change message is used for indicating which information push rule is changed to the push system by the rule configuration platform.
The aforementioned configuration center is a storage space in the push system, and the information push rule and the data channel configuration acquired from the rule configuration platform may be stored in the storage space. Of course, the configuration center may also include two different spaces, and the information pushing rule and the data channel configuration are stored in the different spaces, respectively.
The method can be seen in that the pushing system can determine the target pushing rule corresponding to the information to be processed after receiving the information to be processed sent by different business systems, and determine that the information to be pushed which needs to be pushed is pushed to the user corresponding to the information to be processed. It can be seen that the information push rules of each service can be stored and managed in the configuration center, that is, the method can uniformly maintain the push service provided to the user by each service, thereby effectively improving the maintainability of information push.
That is, in the prior art, different service systems each maintain an information push manner supported by the service system, and for a service, once the original information push manner of the service needs to be adjusted, the code of the information push portion of the service may need to be adjusted as a whole. Namely, the information push method is strongly coupled with the service. Furthermore, the codes of the information pushing parts of different services are different in data format, which requires that a maintenance worker needs to adjust the corresponding codes according to different data formats when adjusting the information pushing modes of the services, and a large amount of time cost and labor cost are consumed to change the information pushing modes of the services.
In the information push method provided in this specification, the information push rules of each service are maintained by a unified configuration center, and if the information push rules of the service need to be changed, the change process only involves changing the information push rules, but not changing other codes. Moreover, the push system can extract the data required by the information push rule by unifying the data selection rules of the data format, that is, the data formats of the data selection rules corresponding to different information push rules are the same. Accordingly, the information push rules may also be unified in data format. Therefore, when the maintenance personnel change the information pushing rules, the content of the maintenance personnel only needs to be modified, and the pushing system can analyze the changed information pushing rules through the data selection rules with uniform data formats, so that the maintenance efficiency of the information pushing rules is further improved.
Based on the same idea, the information push method provided above for one or more embodiments of the present specification further provides a corresponding information push device, as shown in fig. 3.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an information pushing apparatus provided in this specification, which specifically includes:
an obtainingmodule 301, configured to obtain to-be-processed information corresponding to different services;
achannel determining module 302, configured to determine, for each piece of information to be processed, a data channel used for processing the piece of information to be processed from the data channels according to the service corresponding to the piece of information to be processed, where the data channel is used as a target data channel;
an extractingmodule 303, configured to extract attribute information from the to-be-processed information through the target data channel, where the attribute information is used to determine information content to be pushed;
thequery module 304 is configured to query, as a target push rule, an information push rule matched with the attribute information from information push rules stored in a preset configuration center through the attribute information, where the configuration center is configured to store information push rules corresponding to services;
amanner determining module 305, configured to determine, according to the target pushing rule and the attribute information, information to be pushed, and determine a pushing manner for pushing the information to be pushed;
the pushingmodule 306 is configured to perform information pushing on the information to be pushed according to the pushing manner.
Optionally, themanner determining module 305 is specifically configured to determine, according to the target pushing rule, a data selection rule corresponding to the attribute information from pre-stored data selection rules, as a target selection rule; and selecting data from the attribute information according to the target selection rule, and determining information to be pushed according to the target pushing rule and the selected data.
Optionally, the extractingmodule 303 is specifically configured to query a data channel configuration corresponding to the target data channel; and extracting attribute information from the information to be processed according to the data channel configuration.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
afirst monitoring module 307, configured to determine, according to configuration change information, a data channel with changed data channel configuration as a data channel to be adjusted if a configuration change message sent by a rule configuration platform is received according to a preset first listener; and acquiring the changed data channel configuration of the data channel to be adjusted from the rule configuration platform, and storing the changed data channel configuration in the configuration center.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises:
thesecond monitoring module 308 is configured to determine, according to rule change information, an information push rule that needs to be adjusted, as an information push rule to be adjusted, if a rule change message sent by a rule configuration platform is received according to a preset second listener; and acquiring a changed information pushing rule corresponding to the information pushing rule to be adjusted from the rule configuration platform, and storing the changed information pushing rule in the configuration center.
Optionally, the pushing manner includes: the information to be processed comprises at least one of short messages, voice calls and client information push, and the information to be processed comprises information in a message queue MQ form.
The present specification also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which can be used to execute the information pushing method provided in fig. 2.
This specification also provides a schematic block diagram of the electronic device shown in fig. 4. As shown in fig. 4, at the hardware level, the electronic device includes a processor, an internal bus, a network interface, a memory, and a non-volatile memory, and may also include hardware required for other services. The processor reads a corresponding computer program from the non-volatile memory into the memory and then runs the computer program to implement the information pushing method described in fig. 2. Of course, besides the software implementation, the present specification does not exclude other implementations, such as logic devices or a combination of software and hardware, and the like, that is, the execution subject of the following processing flow is not limited to each logic unit, and may be hardware or logic devices.
In the 90 s of the 20 th century, improvements in a technology could clearly distinguish between improvements in hardware (e.g., improvements in circuit structures such as diodes, transistors, switches, etc.) and improvements in software (improvements in process flow). However, as technology advances, many of today's process flow improvements have been seen as direct improvements in hardware circuit architecture. Designers almost always obtain the corresponding hardware circuit structure by programming an improved method flow into the hardware circuit. Thus, it cannot be said that an improvement in the process flow cannot be realized by hardware physical modules. For example, a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), is an integrated circuit whose Logic functions are determined by programming the Device by a user. A digital system is "integrated" on a PLD by the designer's own programming without requiring the chip manufacturer to design and fabricate application-specific integrated circuit chips. Furthermore, nowadays, instead of manually making an Integrated Circuit chip, such Programming is often implemented by "logic compiler" software, which is similar to a software compiler used in program development and writing, but the original code before compiling is also written by a specific Programming Language, which is called Hardware Description Language (HDL), and HDL is not only one but many, such as abel (advanced Boolean Expression Language), ahdl (alternate Hardware Description Language), traffic, pl (core universal Programming Language), HDCal (jhdware Description Language), lang, Lola, HDL, laspam, hardward Description Language (vhr Description Language), vhal (Hardware Description Language), and vhigh-Language, which are currently used in most common. It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that hardware circuitry that implements the logical method flows can be readily obtained by merely slightly programming the method flows into an integrated circuit using the hardware description languages described above.
The controller may be implemented in any suitable manner, for example, the controller may take the form of, for example, a microprocessor or processor and a computer-readable medium storing computer-readable program code (e.g., software or firmware) executable by the (micro) processor, logic gates, switches, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic controller, and an embedded microcontroller, examples of which include, but are not limited to, the following microcontrollers: ARC 625D, Atmel AT91SAM, Microchip PIC18F26K20, and Silicone Labs C8051F320, the memory controller may also be implemented as part of the control logic for the memory. Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, in addition to implementing the controller as pure computer readable program code, the same functionality can be implemented by logically programming method steps such that the controller is in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Such a controller may thus be considered a hardware component, and the means included therein for performing the various functions may also be considered as a structure within the hardware component. Or even means for performing the functions may be regarded as being both a software module for performing the method and a structure within a hardware component.
The systems, devices, modules or units illustrated in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions. One typical implementation device is a computer. In particular, the computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular telephone, a camera phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.
For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various units by function, and are described separately. Of course, the functions of the various elements may be implemented in the same one or more software and/or hardware implementations of the present description.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present description may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the description may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the description may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
This description may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The specification may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only an example of the present specification, and is not intended to limit the present specification. Various modifications and alterations to this description will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present specification should be included in the scope of the claims of the present specification.