CN112102047A - Virtual power plant optimization combination bidding method, device, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明属于虚拟电厂技术领域，具体涉及一种虚拟电厂优化组合竞价方法、装置、设备和存储介质。The invention belongs to the technical field of virtual power plants, and in particular relates to a bidding method, device, equipment and storage medium for optimizing combination of virtual power plants.
背景技术Background technique
虚拟电厂是一种通过先进信息通信技术和软件系统，实现分布式电源(distributed generator,DG)、储能系统、可控负荷、电动汽车等分布式能源(distributedenergy resource,DER)的聚合和协调优化，以作为一个特殊电厂参与电力市场和电网运行的电源协调管理系统。虚拟电厂能够聚合DER参与电力市场和辅助服务市场运行，为配电网和输电网提供管理和辅助服务。A virtual power plant is a kind of aggregation and coordination optimization of distributed energy resources (DER) such as distributed generators (DG), energy storage systems, controllable loads, and electric vehicles through advanced information and communication technology and software systems. , as a special power plant to participate in the power supply coordination management system of the power market and grid operation. Virtual power plants can aggregate DERs to participate in the operation of the electricity market and ancillary service markets, and provide management and ancillary services for the distribution network and transmission network.
而目前的辅助服务市场的研究中主要集中在如何模拟常规电厂参与电能市场,在组合确定后以一个相对确定的形态,参与到电力现货交易,对虚拟电厂参与辅助服务市场少有涉及。相对于常规电厂,虚拟电厂虽然需要更复杂的控制策略和面对大量对象的管理方式,但也有其自身独特的优势,其容量规模可配置、外部性能可调节,使之能够更加机动灵活的适应系统需要,且其集成周期较之常规电厂建设周期要短得多，因此如何使虚拟电厂更好的参与进辅助服务市场中已经成为亟需解决的问题。The current research on the auxiliary service market mainly focuses on how to simulate the participation of conventional power plants in the electric energy market, and participate in the electricity spot transaction in a relatively certain form after the combination is determined. Compared with conventional power plants, although virtual power plants require more complex control strategies and management methods for a large number of objects, they also have their own unique advantages. system needs, and its integration cycle is much shorter than the construction cycle of conventional power plants, so how to make virtual power plants better participate in the auxiliary service market has become an urgent problem to be solved.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
为了解决现有技术存在的虚拟电厂如何参与辅助服务市场的问题，本发明提供了一种虚拟电厂优化组合竞价方法、装置、设备和存储介质其具有使虚拟电厂更好的参与辅助市场服务、提高能源的利用率等特点。In order to solve the problem of how the virtual power plant participates in the auxiliary service market in the prior art, the present invention provides a virtual power plant optimization combination bidding method, device, equipment and storage medium, which have the advantages of enabling the virtual power plant to better participate in the auxiliary market service, improving the performance of the auxiliary service market. energy efficiency, etc.
本发明所采用的技术方案为：The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
一种虚拟电厂优化组合竞价方法，包括：A virtual power plant optimization combination bidding method, comprising:
基于预设投标容量约束对各辅助服务品种和预测价格进行约束，将虚拟电厂的投标容量控制在不影响市场出清价格的范围内；Constrain the variety of auxiliary services and forecast prices based on the preset bidding capacity constraints, and control the bidding capacity of virtual power plants within the range that does not affect the market-clearing price;
基于预设组合约束对虚拟电厂的备用资源进行组合，使其投标容量和相应所述辅助服务品种性能要求相一致；Combining the spare resources of the virtual power plant based on the preset combination constraints, so that the bidding capacity is consistent with the performance requirements of the corresponding auxiliary service varieties;
基于预设可用性等效约束对满足相应所述辅助服务品种性能要求的所述备用资源进行等效概率约束，选取满足辅助服务市场的高可用性要求的备用资源参与竞价。Based on a preset availability equivalent constraint, an equivalent probability constraint is performed on the spare resources that meet the performance requirements of the corresponding auxiliary service varieties, and the spare resources that meet the high availability requirements of the auxiliary service market are selected to participate in the bidding.
进一步地，所述基于预设投标容量约束对各辅助服务品种和预测价格进行约束，将虚拟电厂的投标容量控制在不影响市场出清价格的范围内包括：基于以下公式进行约束，Further, constraining each ancillary service variety and predicted price based on the preset bidding capacity constraint, and controlling the bidding capacity of the virtual power plant within a range that does not affect the market-clearing price includes: constraining based on the following formula:
maxZ＝∑[F(yj,t)-C(yj,t)-E(η)]；maxZ=∑[F(yj,t )-C(yj,t )-E(η)];
F(yj,t)＝pj,tyj,t；F(yj,t )=pj,t yj,t ;
C(yj,t)＝∑γixi,j；C(yj,t )=∑γi xi,j ;
E(η)＝Aη；E(n)=An;
其中，j为所述辅助服务品种的序号，i为可供集成单元的个体序号，F(yj,t)为第j种所述辅助服务类型在时段t的中标投入，C(yj,t)为第j种辅助服务类型在时段t的集成成本，E(η)为可用率要求为η时所对应得潜在考核费用，yj,t为第j种辅助服务在时段t的投标容量，xi,j为个体i用于参与第j种辅助服务类型在时段t的组合的容量，pj,t为第j种辅助服务在时段t的预测价格，γi为个体i单位容量的集成成本；A为考核系数。Among them, j is the serial number of the auxiliary service type, i is the individual serial number of the available integration unit, F(yj,t ) is the bid-winning investment of the j-th auxiliary service type in the time period t, C(yj, t ) is the integration cost of the jth ancillary service type in time period t, E(η) is the potential assessment cost corresponding to the availability requirement η, yj,t is the bidding capacity of the jth ancillary service in time period t , xi,j is the capacity of the individual i to participate in the combination of the jth ancillary service type in the period t, pj,t is the predicted price of the jth ancillary service in the period t, γi is the unit capacity of the individual i Integration cost; A is the assessment coefficient.
进一步地，所述基于预设组合约束对虚拟电厂的备用资源进行组合，使其投标容量和相应所述辅助服务品种性能要求相一致包括：Further, the combination of the standby resources of the virtual power plant based on the preset combination constraints, so that the bidding capacity is consistent with the performance requirements of the corresponding auxiliary service varieties, includes:
基于容量可用性公式对备用资源的可用性进行约束：The availability of spare resources is constrained based on the capacity availability formula:
P(∑δi,txi,j≥yj,t)≥η；P(∑δi,t xi,j ≥yj,t )≥η;
0≤δi,t≤1；0≤δi, t≤1;
其中，δi,t为个体i的可用性状态的概率分布。Among them, δi,t is the probability distribution of the availability status of individual i.
进一步地，所述基于预设组合约束对虚拟电厂的备用资源进行组合，使其投标容量和相应所述辅助服务品种性能要求相一致还包括：Further, the combination of the standby resources of the virtual power plant based on the preset combination constraints so that the bidding capacity is consistent with the performance requirements of the corresponding auxiliary service varieties further includes:
基于响应时间约束公式对对应辅助服务类型的最小响应时间进行约束：The minimum response time of the corresponding auxiliary service type is constrained based on the response time constraint formula:
ri≤Rj；ri ≤Rj ;
其中，Rj为第j种辅助服务类型的相应时间要求，ri为个体i的最小响应时间。Among them, Rj is the corresponding time requirement of the j-th auxiliary service type, and ri is the minimum response time of individuali .
进一步地，所述基于预设组合约束对虚拟电厂的备用资源进行组合，使其投标容量和相应所述辅助服务品种性能要求相一致还包括：Further, the combination of the standby resources of the virtual power plant based on the preset combination constraints so that the bidding capacity is consistent with the performance requirements of the corresponding auxiliary service varieties further includes:
基于持续时间约束对持续输出电能的时间进行约束：Constrain the time to continuously output power based on the duration constraint:
∑lixi,j≥Ljyj,t；∑li xi,j ≥Lj yj,t ;
其中Lj为第j种辅助服务类型的持续时间要求，li为个体i的最大持续时间。where Lj is the duration requirement of the j-th auxiliary service type, and li is the maximum duration of individuali .
进一步地，所述基于预设组合约束对虚拟电厂的备用资源进行组合，使其投标容量和相应所述辅助服务品种性能要求相一致还包括：Further, the combination of the standby resources of the virtual power plant based on the preset combination constraints so that the bidding capacity is consistent with the performance requirements of the corresponding auxiliary service varieties further includes:
基于容量约束对单体的容量进行约束：Constrain the capacity of the cell based on the capacity constraint:
0≤xi,j≤Ci；0≤xi,j ≤Ci ;
其中，Ci为待集成单体资源i的最大可用容量。Among them, Ci is the maximum available capacity of the single resource i to be integrated.
进一步地，所述基于预设可用性等效约束对满足相应所述辅助服务品种性能要求的所述备用资源进行等效概率约束，选取满足辅助服务市场的高可用性要求的备用资源参与竞价包括：Further, performing equivalent probability constraints on the backup resources that meet the performance requirements of the corresponding auxiliary service types based on the preset availability equivalent constraints, and selecting the backup resources that meet the high availability requirements of the auxiliary service market to participate in the bidding includes:
基于机会约束进行可用性概率的约束：Constrain the availability probability based on chance constraints:
P(g(x,ξ)≥0)≥p；P(g(x,ξ)≥0)≥p;
0≤p≤1；0≤p≤1;
其中，x为决策变量，ξ为随机变量，g(x,ξ)为两个变量的约束函数，为等效替代高可用性常规资源的要求。Among them, x is a decision variable, ξ is a random variable, and g(x, ξ) is the constraint function of the two variables, which is the requirement of equivalently replacing high-availability conventional resources.
根据本发明具体实施方式提供的一种虚拟电厂优化组合竞价装置，包括：A virtual power plant optimization combination bidding device provided according to a specific embodiment of the present invention includes:
投标容量约束模块，用于基于预设投标容量约束对各辅助服务品种和预测价格进行约束，将虚拟电厂的投标容量控制在不影响市场出清价格的范围内；The bidding capacity constraint module is used to constrain various auxiliary service varieties and predicted prices based on the preset bidding capacity constraints, so as to control the bidding capacity of the virtual power plant within the range that does not affect the market-clearing price;
资源组合模块，用于基于预设组合约束对虚拟电厂的备用资源进行组合，使其投标容量和相应所述辅助服务品种性能要求相一致；以及a resource combination module, configured to combine the spare resources of the virtual power plant based on the preset combination constraints, so that the bidding capacity is consistent with the performance requirements of the corresponding ancillary service varieties; and
等效约束模块，用于基于预设可用性等效约束对满足相应所述辅助服务品种性能要求的所述备用资源进行等效概率约束，选取满足辅助服务市场的高可用性要求的备用资源参与竞价。The equivalent constraint module is configured to perform equivalent probability constraints on the spare resources that meet the performance requirements of the corresponding auxiliary service types based on the preset availability equivalent constraints, and select the spare resources that meet the high availability requirements of the auxiliary service market to participate in the bidding.
根据本发明具体实施方式提供的一种设备，包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器与所述存储器通过通信总线相连接；其中，所述处理器，用于调用并执行所述存储器中存储的程序；所述存储器，用于存储程序，所述程序至少用于执行上述的虚拟电厂优化组合竞价方法。A device provided according to a specific embodiment of the present invention includes a processor and a memory, the processor and the memory are connected through a communication bus; wherein, the processor is used to call and execute the data stored in the memory A program; the memory is used for storing a program, and the program is at least used to execute the above-mentioned method for optimizing combination bidding for a virtual power plant.
根据本发明具体实施方式提供的一种存储介质，所述存储介质中存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序至少用于以上所述的虚拟电厂优化组合竞价方法。According to a storage medium provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention, a computer program is stored in the storage medium, and the computer program is at least used for the above-mentioned method for optimizing combination bidding for a virtual power plant.
本发明的有益效果为：通过优化组合虚拟电厂控制的资源,得到具有高可用性概率的虚拟电厂,达到可比拟甚至超越发电资源的可用性概率。虚拟电厂参与辅助服务市场中竞价,需要决策不同时段每种辅助服务的投标容量,并考虑在对应时段构建满足可用性概率要求的虚拟电厂。通过筹划参与不同辅助服务品种各有的预期中标容量，并考虑资源组合可用性对考核费用的影响，使其投标容量能达到相应辅助服务品种的性能要求，实现虚拟电厂整体的高可用性概率,使虚拟电厂能够更好的参与辅助市场服务中。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: by optimizing and combining the resources controlled by the virtual power plant, a virtual power plant with high availability probability is obtained, and the availability probability that is comparable to or even surpasses the power generation resources is achieved. When virtual power plants participate in the bidding in the auxiliary service market, it is necessary to decide the bidding capacity of each auxiliary service in different time periods, and consider the construction of virtual power plants that meet the requirements of availability probability in the corresponding time period. By planning and participating in the expected bid-winning capacity of different ancillary service varieties, and considering the impact of resource combination availability on assessment costs, the bidding capacity can meet the performance requirements of the corresponding ancillary service varieties, and the overall high availability probability of the virtual power plant can be realized. Power plants can better participate in ancillary market services.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
图1是根据一示例性实施例提供虚拟电厂优化组合竞价方法的流程图；FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for providing optimal combination bidding for virtual power plants according to an exemplary embodiment;
图2是根据一示例性实施例提供虚拟电厂优化组合竞价装置的原理图；FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of providing an optimal combination bidding device for a virtual power plant according to an exemplary embodiment;
图3是根据一示例性实施例提供的设备的原理图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a device provided according to an exemplary embodiment.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将对本发明的技术方案进行详细的描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所得到的所有其它实施方式，都属于本发明所保护的范围。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementations obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
参照图1所示，本发明的实施例提供了一种虚拟电厂优化组合竞价方法，包括以下步骤：Referring to FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for optimizing combined bidding for a virtual power plant, including the following steps:
101、基于预设投标容量约束对各辅助服务品种和预测价格进行约束，将虚拟电厂的投标容量控制在不影响市场出清价格的范围内；101. Constrain the varieties of auxiliary services and predicted prices based on the preset bidding capacity constraints, and control the bidding capacity of the virtual power plant within a range that does not affect the market-clearing price;
102、基于预设组合约束对虚拟电厂的备用资源进行组合，使其投标容量和相应辅助服务品种性能要求相一致；102. Combine the standby resources of the virtual power plant based on the preset combination constraints, so that the bidding capacity is consistent with the performance requirements of the corresponding auxiliary service varieties;
103、基于预设可用性等效约束对满足相应所述辅助服务品种性能要求的所述备用资源进行等效概率约束，选取满足辅助服务市场的高可用性要求的备用资源参与竞价。103. Perform an equivalent probability constraint on the standby resources that meet the performance requirements of the corresponding auxiliary service types based on a preset availability equivalent constraint, and select a standby resource that meets the high availability requirements of the auxiliary service market to participate in the bidding.
具体的，电力辅助服务市场中,作为目前主要备用资源的火电和水电等传统电源,技术成熟、运行稳定。当前执行的辅助服务技术规范和市场规则最初也是根据这些机组的特性制定的。因此,对于备用服务的可用性要求也相应比较高。不论是通过备用市场出清还是双边协商,一旦确定备用责任,则要求备用资源在被调度时具有很高的可用性,调用失败的考核也相对严格。Specifically, in the power auxiliary service market, traditional power sources such as thermal power and hydropower, which are currently the main backup resources, have mature technology and stable operation. The current implementation of technical specifications and market regulations for ancillary services was also initially developed based on the characteristics of these units. Therefore, the availability requirements for backup services are also relatively high. Whether it is through the reserve market clearing or bilateral negotiation, once the reserve responsibility is determined, the reserve resources are required to have high availability when being dispatched, and the assessment of call failure is relatively strict.
并且在成熟电力市场中,通过竞价交易获取的辅助服务主要是有功平衡相关的调频、备用服务。构建的模型包括如下技术指标：最小容量、响应时间、响应精度、持续时间、调节方向、可用性等。备用服务按响应时间的要求从短到长,分别为：旋转备用、非旋转备用和补充备用等。随着电力系统对灵活性要求的提高,还会出现更细分的备用服务种类。以旋转备用服务为例,负荷高峰时段系统备用容量不足时,虚拟电厂能控制负荷降低用电电力,在没有阻塞的情况下,从维持电力平衡的角度,与系统调度要求某台机组增加发电出力的效果是一致的。And in the mature power market, the auxiliary services obtained through bidding transactions are mainly frequency regulation and backup services related to active power balance. The constructed model includes the following technical indicators: minimum capacity, response time, response accuracy, duration, adjustment direction, availability, etc. The standby services are from short to long according to the requirements of response time: spinning reserve, non-spinning reserve and supplementary reserve, etc. With the improvement of the flexibility requirements of the power system, there will be more subdivided types of backup services. Taking the spinning reserve service as an example, when the system reserve capacity is insufficient during the peak load period, the virtual power plant can control the load to reduce the power consumption. In the case of no blockage, from the perspective of maintaining power balance, it is related to the system scheduling requirements for a certain unit to increase the power generation output. The effect is the same.
那么，首先基于预设投标容量约束对各辅助服务品种和预测价格进行约束，将虚拟电厂的投标容量控制在不影响市场出清价格的范围内,虚拟电厂要筹划参与不同辅助服务品种各有的预期中标容量,这取决于对各类辅助服务价格的预测和资源集成成本的控制,并考虑资源组合可用性对考核费用的影响，使参与电力辅助服务市场的收益最大化；Then, first, based on the preset bidding capacity constraints, the types of auxiliary services and the predicted prices are constrained, and the bidding capacity of the virtual power plant is controlled within the range that does not affect the market-clearing price. The virtual power plant should plan to participate in different types of auxiliary services. The expected bid-winning capacity depends on the prediction of the price of various auxiliary services and the control of resource integration costs, and considers the impact of resource combination availability on the assessment fee, so as to maximize the benefits of participating in the electric auxiliary service market;
接着基于预设组合约束对虚拟电厂的备用资源进行组合，使其投标容量和相应辅助服务品种性能要求相一致，完成掌握资源对应时段的虚拟电厂资源的组合，使其投标的容量能够达到相应辅助服务品种的性能要求；Then, based on the preset combination constraints, the standby resources of the virtual power plant are combined, so that the bidding capacity is consistent with the performance requirements of the corresponding auxiliary service varieties, and the combination of the virtual power plant resources in the corresponding time period of the resources is completed, so that the bidding capacity can meet the corresponding auxiliary services. Performance requirements for service varieties;
最后，由于虚拟电厂所掌握的资源处于负荷侧,包括大量的用户电气设备,以及一部分电储能装置。可调资源的可用性受其用电状态的影响,兑现中标容量须确保该部分容量在相应时段的处于运行状态,且可以降低负荷电力或停止运行；储能装置可用性则受其充放电状态的影响,要兑现中标容量须在相应时段有足够的充放电能力以满足持续时间的要求，但如上文所述这些资源有其自身运行的技术经济特点,单独个体在可用性上难以与传统电源相比,但是由于数量众多,可以通过一定策略作为一个集合体统一控制,达到足够的可用性概率,从而实现备用资源的可用性等效，实现虚拟电厂整体的高可用性概率,以体现可调资源的规模效益。Finally, because the resources mastered by the virtual power plant are on the load side, including a large number of user electrical equipment and a part of electric energy storage devices. The availability of tunable resources is affected by its power consumption status. To honor the bid-winning capacity, it is necessary to ensure that this part of the capacity is in operation during the corresponding period, and the load power can be reduced or stopped; the availability of energy storage devices is affected by its charge and discharge status. , To honor the winning capacity, it is necessary to have sufficient charge and discharge capacity in the corresponding period to meet the requirements of the duration, but as mentioned above, these resources have their own technical and economic characteristics of operation, and it is difficult for a single individual to compare with traditional power sources in terms of availability. However, due to the large number, it can be controlled as a collective through a certain strategy to achieve sufficient availability probability, so as to achieve the equivalent availability of standby resources, and to achieve the overall high availability probability of the virtual power plant to reflect the scale benefit of adjustable resources.
作为上述实施例的实现方式，可用性等效概率本质上是一个机会约束,可以用下式表述：As an implementation of the above embodiment, the availability equivalent probability is essentially a chance constraint, which can be expressed by the following formula:
基于机会约束进行可用性概率的约束：Constrain the availability probability based on chance constraints:
P(g(x,ξ)≥0)≥p；P(g(x,ξ)≥0)≥p;
0≤p≤1；0≤p≤1;
其中，x为决策变量，ξ为随机变量，g(x,ξ)为两个变量的约束函数，为等效替代高可用性常规资源的要求。Among them, x is a decision variable, ξ is a random variable, and g(x, ξ) is the constraint function of the two variables, which is the requirement of equivalently replacing high-availability conventional resources.
具体的，该约束可描述为若干个需求侧资源等效替代高可用性常规资源的要求，将其参与组合的容量分别作为决策的变量，并以随机变量反应其概率分布的特性，可认为具有99％以上的可用性概率要求，例如在具体实现过程中，要替代99％具有可用性概率的1MW火电机组提供的容量，则至少需要投入3个单体容量1MW，可用性概率80％的需求侧资源在整合后可达到99.2％的可用性概率。这样通过优化组合其控制的资源，得到具有高可用性概率的虚拟电厂，达到超越常规发电资源的可用性概率。Specifically, this constraint can be described as the requirement that several demand-side resources are equivalently replacing high-availability conventional resources, and the capacity of their participation in the combination is taken as the variable of decision-making, and the characteristics of its probability distribution are reflected by random variables, which can be considered to have 99 For example, in the specific implementation process, to replace the capacity provided by 99% of the 1MW thermal power units with availability probability, at least 3 units with a capacity of 1MW need to be invested, and the demand-side resources with an availability probability of 80% are being integrated. A 99.2% probability of availability can be achieved later. In this way, by optimally combining the resources it controls, a virtual power plant with high availability probability is obtained, and the availability probability exceeds that of conventional power generation resources.
又因为虚拟电厂参与辅助服务市场中竞价,需要决策不同时段每种辅助服务的投标容量,并考虑在对应时段在如何经济的构建满足可用性概率要求的虚拟电厂，为使虚拟电厂能够达到预期的高可用性概率，引入条件约束进行优化。And because the virtual power plant participates in the bidding in the auxiliary service market, it is necessary to decide the bidding capacity of each auxiliary service in different time periods, and consider how to construct the virtual power plant that meets the availability probability requirements in the corresponding time period. Availability probability, introducing conditional constraints for optimization.
其中，基于预设投标容量约束对各辅助服务品种和预测价格进行约束，将虚拟电厂的投标容量控制在不影响市场出清价格的范围内包括：基于以下公式进行约束，Among them, based on the preset bidding capacity constraints, the types of auxiliary services and the predicted prices are constrained, and the bidding capacity of the virtual power plant is controlled within the range that does not affect the market clearing price. Constraints are based on the following formulas:
maxZ＝∑[F(yj,t)-C(yj,t)-E(η)]；maxZ=∑[F(yj,t )-C(yj,t )-E(η)];
F(yj,t)＝pj,tyj,t；F(yj,t )=pj,t yj,t ;
C(yj,t)＝∑γixi,j；C(yj,t )=∑γi xi,j ;
E(η)＝Aη；E(n)=An;
其中，j为所述辅助服务品种的序号，i为可供集成单元的个体序号，F(yj,t)为第j种所述辅助服务类型在时段t的中标投入，C(yj,t)为第j种辅助服务类型在时段t的集成成本，E(η)为可用率要求为η时所对应得潜在考核费用，yj,t为第j种辅助服务在时段t的投标容量，xi,j为个体i用于参与第j种辅助服务类型在时段t的组合的容量，pj,t为第j种辅助服务在时段t的预测价格，γi为个体i单位容量的集成成本；A为考核系数。Among them, j is the serial number of the auxiliary service type, i is the individual serial number of the available integration unit, F(yj,t ) is the bid-winning investment of the j-th auxiliary service type in the time period t, C(yj, t ) is the integration cost of the jth ancillary service type in time period t, E(η) is the potential assessment cost corresponding to the availability requirement η, yj,t is the bidding capacity of the jth ancillary service in time period t , xi,j is the capacity of the individual i to participate in the combination of the jth ancillary service type in the period t, pj,t is the predicted price of the jth ancillary service in the period t, γi is the unit capacity of the individual i Integration cost; A is the assessment coefficient.
因为虚拟电厂作为价格的接受者参与辅助服务市场，并不影响市场的边际价格，其对参与电力辅助服务市场收入的预期是基于过往的成交历史数据得到的预测价格，因此引入最大投标需求作为约束，使其投标容量控制在一个不影响市场出清价格的范围内，即Because the virtual power plant participates in the auxiliary service market as a price receiver, it does not affect the marginal price of the market, and its expectation of participating in the electric auxiliary service market revenue is based on the predicted price obtained from the historical transaction data in the past. Therefore, the maximum bidding demand is introduced as a constraint , so that its bidding capacity is controlled within a range that does not affect the market-clearing price, i.e.
0≤yj,t≤Dj,t,max；使参与电力市场辅助服务的收益最大化。0≤yj,t ≤Dj,t,max ; maximize the benefits of participating in ancillary services in the electricity market.
再有，基于预设组合约束对虚拟电厂的备用资源进行组合，使其投标容量和相应所述辅助服务品种性能要求相一致包括：Furthermore, combining the standby resources of the virtual power plant based on the preset combination constraints, so that the bidding capacity is consistent with the performance requirements of the corresponding auxiliary service varieties, including:
基于容量可用性公式对备用资源的可用性进行约束：The availability of spare resources is constrained based on the capacity availability formula:
P(∑δi,txi,j≥yj,t)≥η；P(∑δi,t xi,j ≥yj,t )≥η;
0≤δi,t≤1；0≤δi, t≤1;
其中，δi,t为个体i的可用性状态的概率分布。Among them, δi,t is the probability distribution of the availability status of individual i.
体现了非发电资源由于自身原因造成的实际可用容量的不确定性，其概率分布特性可通过采集数据后进行带入分析可得。It reflects the uncertainty of the actual available capacity of non-power generation resources due to its own reasons, and its probability distribution characteristics can be obtained by importing and analyzing after collecting data.
基于响应时间约束公式对对应辅助服务类型的最小响应时间进行约束：The minimum response time of the corresponding auxiliary service type is constrained based on the response time constraint formula:
ri≤Rj；ri ≤Rj ;
其中，Rj为第j种辅助服务类型的相应时间要求，ri为个体i的最小响应时间。即参与组合的单体资源均应满足对应辅助服务类型最小响应时间的要求。Among them, Rj is the corresponding time requirement of the j-th auxiliary service type, and ri is the minimum response time of individuali . That is, the individual resources participating in the combination should meet the requirements of the minimum response time of the corresponding auxiliary service type.
基于持续时间约束对持续输出电能的时间进行约束：Constrain the time to continuously output power based on the duration constraint:
∑lixi,j≥Ljyj,t；∑li xi,j ≥Lj yj,t ;
其中Lj为第j种辅助服务类型的持续时间要求，li为个体i的最大持续时间。持续时间是对容量调用后对持续输出功率能力的要求，以每个时段单体备用资源的总体输出电能应不小于投标容量在最小持续时间中的输出电能，以保证提供可靠持续的电能供用户使用，即保证电能的充足。where Lj is the duration requirement of the j-th auxiliary service type, and li is the maximum duration of individuali . The duration is the requirement for the continuous output power capability after the capacity is called. The total output power of the individual reserve resources in each period should not be less than the output power of the bid capacity in the minimum duration to ensure reliable and continuous power supply for users. use, that is, to ensure sufficient power.
基于容量约束对单体的容量进行约束：Constrain the capacity of the cell based on the capacity constraint:
0≤xi,j≤Ci；0≤xi,j ≤Ci ;
其中，Ci为待集成单体资源i的最大可用容量。在具体实施过程中单体容量的范围要满足设定的要求以进行满足供电要求的供电量和持续的电能需求。Among them, Ci is the maximum available capacity of the single resource i to be integrated. In the specific implementation process, the range of the cell capacity should meet the set requirements to meet the power supply requirements and the continuous power demand.
通过基于虚拟电厂可控备用资源的技术特点和经济特点以及备用资源的可用性等效概率的理论，建立虚拟电厂参与辅助服务市场的投标策略决策，决策不同辅助服务类型的投标容量，以及每类备用资源需要在不同辅助服务投标容量中如何配比，从而实现了参与电力辅助服务市场收益最大化，为虚拟电厂参与电力辅助市场服务提供了依据，使虚拟电厂能够更好的参与市场辅助服务。Based on the technical characteristics and economic characteristics of the controllable reserve resources of virtual power plants and the theory of the availability equivalent probability of reserve resources, the bidding strategy decision for virtual power plants to participate in the auxiliary service market is established, the bidding capacity of different auxiliary service types is determined, and the reserve capacity of each type of reserve is established. The resources need to be matched in different auxiliary service bidding capacities, so as to maximize the benefits of participating in the electric auxiliary service market, and provide a basis for the virtual power plant to participate in the electric auxiliary market service, so that the virtual power plant can better participate in the market auxiliary service.
基于同样的设计思路参照图2所示，本发明的另一具体实施例还提供了一种虚拟电厂优化组合竞价装置，包括：Based on the same design idea, referring to FIG. 2 , another specific embodiment of the present invention also provides an optimized combination bidding device for a virtual power plant, including:
投标容量约束模块，用于基于预设投标容量约束对各辅助服务品种和预测价格进行约束，将虚拟电厂的投标容量控制在不影响市场出清价格的范围内；The bidding capacity constraint module is used to constrain various auxiliary service varieties and predicted prices based on the preset bidding capacity constraints, so as to control the bidding capacity of the virtual power plant within the range that does not affect the market-clearing price;
资源组合模块，用于基于预设组合约束对虚拟电厂的备用资源进行组合，使其投标容量和相应辅助服务品种性能要求相一致；以及The resource combination module is used to combine the spare resources of the virtual power plant based on the preset combination constraints, so that the bidding capacity is consistent with the performance requirements of the corresponding ancillary service varieties; and
等效约束模块，用于基于预设可用性等效约束对满足相应所述辅助服务品种性能要求的备用资源进行等效概率约束，选取满足辅助服务市场的高可用性要求的备用资源参与竞价。The equivalent constraint module is configured to perform equivalent probability constraints on the spare resources that meet the performance requirements of the corresponding auxiliary service varieties based on the preset availability equivalent constraints, and select the spare resources that meet the high availability requirements of the auxiliary service market to participate in the bidding.
其具体的实现方式可参见上述实施例所提供的虚拟电厂优化组合竞价方法的实施例，本发明在此不再赘述。For the specific implementation manner, reference may be made to the embodiments of the bidding method for optimizing the combination of virtual power plants provided in the above-mentioned embodiments, which are not repeated herein in the present invention.
参照图3所示，本发明的实施例还提供了一种设备，包括处理器和存储器，处理器与存储器通过通信总线相连接；其中，处理器用于调用并执行存储器中存储的程序；存储器，用于存储程序，程序至少用于执行上述实施例所述的虚拟电厂优化组合竞价方法。Referring to FIG. 3, an embodiment of the present invention also provides a device, including a processor and a memory, the processor and the memory are connected through a communication bus; wherein, the processor is used to call and execute a program stored in the memory; the memory, It is used for storing a program, and the program is at least used to execute the method for optimizing combination bidding for a virtual power plant described in the above embodiments.
为与本发明实施例所提供的虚拟电厂优化组合竞价装置相匹配，本发明的一些实施例还提供了一种存储介质，存储介质中存储有计算机程序，计算机程序至少用于执行上述实施例所述的虚拟电厂优化组合竞价方法。In order to match with the bidding device for optimizing combination of virtual power plants provided by the embodiments of the present invention, some embodiments of the present invention further provide a storage medium, where a computer program is stored in the storage medium, and the computer program is at least used to execute the above-mentioned embodiments. The optimal combination bidding method for virtual power plants described above.
存储介质不仅局限于软盘、硬盘和优盘，还可采用其他的存储器本发明在此不做限制。The storage medium is not limited to a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a USB flash drive, and other storages can also be used, which is not limited in the present invention.
本发明实施例所提供的虚拟电厂优化组合竞价方法、装置、设备和存储介质，通过基于可调资源技术经济特点，提出了虚拟电厂的资源集成投标策略，一方面考虑了参加不同类型辅助服务市场投标容量的决策，另一方面考虑不同性能的可调资源的集成成本对投标决策的影响，并引入条件概率约束，实现高可用性等效资源的最优组合。通过建立虚拟电厂备用资源组合优化模型，实现了对投标容量的决策和备用资源的组合，为虚拟电厂灵活参与辅助服务市场提供了支持。The optimal combination bidding method, device, equipment and storage medium for virtual power plants provided by the embodiments of the present invention propose a resource integration bidding strategy for virtual power plants based on the technical and economic characteristics of adjustable resources. On the one hand, participation in different types of auxiliary service markets is considered. The decision of bidding capacity, on the other hand, considers the influence of the integration cost of adjustable resources with different performance on the bidding decision, and introduces conditional probability constraints to achieve the optimal combination of high-availability equivalent resources. By establishing an optimization model for the combination of backup resources of virtual power plants, the decision on bidding capacity and the combination of backup resources are realized, which provides support for virtual power plants to flexibly participate in the auxiliary service market.
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., mean specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or feature is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
上文的描述包括一个或多个实施例的举例。当然，为了描述上述实施例而描述部件或方法的所有可能的结合是不可能的，但是本领域普通技术人员应该认识到，各个实施例可以做进一步的组合和排列。因此，本文中描述的实施例旨在涵盖落入所附权利要求书的保护范围内的所有这样的改变、修改和变型。此外，就说明书或权利要求书中使用的术语“包含”，该词的涵盖方式类似于术语“包括”，就如同“包括”在权利要求中用作衔接词所解释的那样。此外，使用在权利要求书的说明书中的任何一个术语“或者”是要表示“非排它性的或者”。The above description includes examples of one or more embodiments. Of course, it is not possible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods in order to describe the above embodiments, but one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that further combinations and permutations of the various embodiments are possible. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, with respect to the term "comprising" as used in the specification or claims, the word is encompassed in a manner similar to the term "comprising," as if "comprising" was construed as a conjunction in the claims. Furthermore, any use of the term "or" in the specification of the claims is intended to mean a "non-exclusive or."
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention. should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
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