CN111953233A - A direct expansion heat pump system combining Fresnel concentrating photovoltaics and thermoelectric power generation sheets - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种结合菲涅尔聚光光伏和温差发电片的直膨式热泵系统，属于能源利用技术领域。包括冷凝水箱、毛细管、菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构、储液罐、压缩机、逆变器和蓄电池；所述毛细管、菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构中的蒸发管道、储液罐、压缩机和冷凝水箱依次连接构成闭合回路，闭合回路中设有制冷工质；菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构中的温差发电片和逆变器、蓄电池电连接。本发明不仅通过FPV实现了太阳能到电能的高效转化，还将TEG插入到高温FPV和低温蒸发器之间，温差发电片能够将聚光光伏上的太阳热直接转化为电能，利用大温差将FPV上的热量二次转化成电能，将太阳能的光电转化效率提高至30%，提高了整个直膨式热泵系统的性能。

The invention relates to a direct expansion heat pump system combining Fresnel concentrating photovoltaics and thermoelectric power generation sheets, and belongs to the technical field of energy utilization. Including condensed water tank, capillary, Fresnel concentrated photovoltaic thermoelectric generation evaporation mechanism, liquid storage tank, compressor, inverter and battery; The liquid tank, the compressor and the condensed water tank are connected in sequence to form a closed loop, and a refrigeration working medium is arranged in the closed loop; the thermoelectric power generation sheet in the Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic thermoelectric power generation evaporation mechanism is electrically connected with the inverter and the battery. The invention not only realizes the efficient conversion of solar energy to electric energy through FPV, but also inserts TEG between the high-temperature FPV and the low-temperature evaporator. The heat on the surface is converted into electric energy twice, which increases the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar energy to 30%, and improves the performance of the entire direct expansion heat pump system.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种结合菲涅尔聚光光伏和温差发电片的直膨式热泵系统A direct expansion heat pump system combining Fresnel concentrating photovoltaics and thermoelectric power generation sheets

技术领域technical field

本发明属于能源利用技术领域，具体涉及太阳能发电、热电材料、太阳能集热和直膨式热泵系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of energy utilization, and specifically relates to solar power generation, thermoelectric materials, solar heat collection and direct expansion heat pump systems.

背景技术Background technique

光伏直膨式热泵系统，将PV电池和直膨式热泵相结合，具有较好的光电效率和综合性能。PV电池吸收太阳能，只有小部分转化为了电能，绝大多数转化成了热能，热能的积累会使PV电池温度升高，降低PV电池的转化效率，而直膨式热泵系统中的蒸发器吸收大量热量，能够提供较低的温度，将PV电池和蒸发器结合在一起，蒸发器可以吸收PV电池上的废热，降低PV电池的温度，有效提高PV的转化效率。但是现有的研究集中在非聚光光伏热泵系统，系统中的光电效率并不高，且少有人将温差发电片应用到热泵系统中。Photovoltaic direct expansion heat pump system combines PV cells with direct expansion heat pump, which has good photoelectric efficiency and comprehensive performance. PV cells absorb solar energy, only a small part is converted into electrical energy, and most of them are converted into thermal energy. The accumulation of thermal energy will increase the temperature of PV cells and reduce the conversion efficiency of PV cells, while the evaporator in the direct expansion heat pump system absorbs a large amount of energy. The heat can provide a lower temperature, and the PV cell and the evaporator are combined together. The evaporator can absorb the waste heat on the PV cell, reduce the temperature of the PV cell, and effectively improve the conversion efficiency of the PV. However, the existing research focuses on the non-concentrating photovoltaic heat pump system, the photoelectric efficiency of the system is not high, and few people apply the thermoelectric power generation sheet to the heat pump system.

聚光光伏一般具有光电转化效率高、温度影响系数小和耐高温等优点，其中砷化镓电池是目前商业化较好的一种聚光光伏，市场上的砷化镓电池发电效率远远高于传统的硅电池。Concentrated photovoltaics generally have the advantages of high photoelectric conversion efficiency, small temperature influence coefficient and high temperature resistance. Among them, gallium arsenide cells are currently a better commercialized type of concentrating photovoltaics, and the power generation efficiency of gallium arsenide cells on the market is much higher. for conventional silicon cells.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

为了提高直膨式热泵系统的光电效率和综合性能，本发明提供一种结合菲涅尔聚光光伏和温差发电片的直膨式热泵系统。In order to improve the photoelectric efficiency and comprehensive performance of the direct expansion heat pump system, the present invention provides a direct expansion heat pump system combining Fresnel concentrating photovoltaics and thermoelectric power generation sheets.

一种结合菲涅尔聚光光伏和温差发电片的直膨式热泵系统包括冷凝水箱8、毛细管1、菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构5、储液罐4、压缩机3、逆变器6和蓄电池7；A direct expansion heat pump system combining Fresnel concentrating photovoltaics and thermoelectric power generation sheets includes a condensing water tank 8, acapillary tube 1, a Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic thermoelectric powergeneration evaporation mechanism 5, aliquid storage tank 4, acompressor 3, aninverter device 6 andbattery 7;

所述菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构5包括两个以上的单元和蒸发管道53，每个单元包括六个以上的菲涅尔式聚光光伏模块52、温差发电片54和吸热板51；两个以上的单元固定设于蒸发管道53上；The Fresnel concentrated photovoltaic thermoelectricgeneration evaporation mechanism 5 includes more than two units andevaporation pipes 53, and each unit includes more than six Fresnel concentratedphotovoltaic modules 52,thermoelectric generation sheets 54 andheat absorption plates 51; two or more units are fixedly arranged on theevaporation pipeline 53;

所述毛细管1、菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构5中的蒸发管道53、储液罐4、压缩机3和冷凝水箱8中的冷凝管道2依次连接构成闭合回路，闭合回路中设有制冷工质；Thecapillary 1, theevaporation pipeline 53 in the Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic thermoelectricgeneration evaporation mechanism 5, theliquid storage tank 4, thecompressor 3 and thecondensation pipeline 2 in the condensed water tank 8 are connected in sequence to form a closed loop, and the closed loop is provided with refrigerant;

菲涅尔式聚光光伏模块52中的光伏电池521与温差发电片54和逆变器6、蓄电池7电连接；Thephotovoltaic cell 521 in the Fresnel type concentratingphotovoltaic module 52 is electrically connected with the thermoelectricpower generation sheet 54, theinverter 6 and thebattery 7;

菲涅尔式聚光光伏模块52中的光伏电池521吸收太阳能，一部分转化成电能，另一部分转化成热能，所述热能一部分通过温差发电片54被转化成电能，另一部分热能被蒸发管道53中制冷工质吸收；制冷工质进入储液罐4，储液罐4排出气相制冷工质进入压缩机3，压缩机3将低温低压气相制冷工质压缩成高温高压过热制冷工质，经过压缩的制冷工质在冷凝水箱8中流经冷凝管道2时释放热量，加热冷凝水箱8的水，最后经过冷凝的制冷工质进入毛细管1进行节流，再回到蒸发管道53，完成热泵循环；菲涅尔式聚光光伏模块52中的光伏电池521和温差发电片54产生的电能通过逆变器6存储到蓄电池7中。Thephotovoltaic cells 521 in the Fresnel type concentratingphotovoltaic module 52 absorb solar energy, part of which is converted into electrical energy, and the other part is converted into thermal energy, part of the thermal energy is converted into electrical energy through the thermoelectricpower generation sheet 54 , and the other part of the thermal energy is converted into electrical energy by theevaporation pipe 53 . The refrigeration working fluid is absorbed; the refrigeration working fluid enters theliquid storage tank 4, and theliquid storage tank 4 discharges the gas-phase refrigeration working fluid into thecompressor 3, and thecompressor 3 compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-phase refrigeration working fluid into a high-temperature and high-pressure superheated refrigeration working fluid. The refrigerant releases heat when it flows through thecondensing pipe 2 in the condensed water tank 8 to heat the water in the condensed water tank 8, and finally the condensed refrigerant enters thecapillary 1 for throttling, and then returns to theevaporation pipe 53 to complete the heat pump cycle; Fresnel The electric energy generated by thephotovoltaic cells 521 and the thermoelectricpower generation sheets 54 in thephotovoltaic module 52 is stored in thestorage battery 7 through theinverter 6 .

进一步地：further:

六个以上的菲涅尔式聚光光伏模块52水平均布设于温差发电片54上，温差发电片54固定设于吸热板51上构成单元，两个以上的单元的吸热板51的底部焊接在蒸发管道53上，构成菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构5。More than six Fresnel type concentratingphotovoltaic modules 52 are horizontally arranged on the thermoelectricpower generation sheet 54, and the thermoelectricpower generation sheet 54 is fixed on theheat absorption plate 51 to form a unit, and the bottom of theheat absorption plate 51 of two or more units is It is welded on theevaporation pipe 53 to constitute the Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic thermoelectric powergeneration evaporation mechanism 5 .

所述菲涅尔式聚光光伏模块52中的光伏电池521为GaInP/GaAs/Ge三结太阳能电池。Thephotovoltaic cell 521 in the Fresnel-type concentratingphotovoltaic module 52 is a GaInP/GaAs/Ge triple-junction solar cell.

所述吸热板51为铜板、铝板或不锈钢板。Theheat absorbing plate 51 is a copper plate, an aluminum plate or a stainless steel plate.

所述冷凝水箱8内设有冷凝管道2，冷凝管道2串联在压缩机3的出口和毛细管1的入口之间。The condensation water tank 8 is provided with acondensation pipeline 2 , and thecondensation pipeline 2 is connected in series between the outlet of thecompressor 3 and the inlet of thecapillary tube 1 .

所述储液罐4内充有制冷工质，用于调节热泵循环中的工质流量。Theliquid storage tank 4 is filled with a refrigerant, which is used to adjust the flow of the refrigerant in the heat pump cycle.

所述制冷工质为R22。The refrigerant is R22.

本发明的有益技术效果体现在以下方面：The beneficial technical effect of the present invention is embodied in the following aspects:

1.目前存在的光伏直膨式热泵系统，通过降低光伏电池的温度，虽然能够在一定程度上提高光伏电池的转化效率，但系统的光电效率依旧不超过20%。而本发明系统创新性的将菲涅尔聚光光伏应用在直膨式热泵系统中，光伏电池采用三结GaInP/GaAs/Ge电池，该电池是砷化镓电池的一种，利用其高转化效率、耐高温、温度影响系数小等优点，有效提高了光伏热泵系统的光电性能。本发明聚光直膨式热泵系统的光电转化效率高达30%，在光电转化效率方面具有明显优势。1. The existing photovoltaic direct expansion heat pump system can improve the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells to a certain extent by reducing the temperature of photovoltaic cells, but the photoelectric efficiency of the system still does not exceed 20%. The system of the present invention innovatively applies Fresnel concentrating photovoltaics in the direct expansion heat pump system. The photovoltaic cell adopts a three-junction GaInP/GaAs/Ge cell, which is a kind of gallium arsenide cell. The advantages of efficiency, high temperature resistance, and small temperature influence coefficient effectively improve the photoelectric performance of the photovoltaic heat pump system. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the concentrating direct expansion heat pump system of the invention is as high as 30%, and has obvious advantages in terms of photoelectric conversion efficiency.

2.本发明还创新性的将温差发电片应用在高温聚光光伏和低温蒸发器之间，开创性的提供了新的热泵复合方式。菲涅尔聚光光伏温度较高，而直膨式热泵系统中蒸发器的蒸发温度较低还能够吸收大量热量，将温差发电片安插到高温FPV和低温蒸发器之间，在高温差下，温差发电片能够将聚光光伏上的太阳热直接转化为电能，实现太阳能到电能的二次转化；温差发电片以塞贝克效应为工作原理，当高温端和低温端产生温差，其中的热电材料会产生电动势，形成回路就能够产出电能，可以直接将热能转化成电能，温差越高，发电功率越大。直膨式热泵的蒸发管道能够吸收大量热量，有效冷却上方的TEG冷端和PV，并吸收剩余热量，参与热泵循环，在冷凝端制取热水，充分利用太阳能，显著提升了系统的光电效率和综合性能；在砷化镓电池高光电转化效率的基础上，更进一步的提高了热泵系统的光电效率。2. The present invention also innovatively applies the thermoelectric power generation sheet between the high-temperature concentrating photovoltaic and the low-temperature evaporator, and provides a groundbreaking new heat pump compound method. The temperature of the Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic is high, while the evaporation temperature of the evaporator in the direct expansion heat pump system is low and can absorb a lot of heat. The thermoelectric power generation sheet is inserted between the high temperature FPV and the low temperature evaporator. The thermoelectric power generation sheet can directly convert the solar heat on the concentrating photovoltaic into electric energy, realizing the secondary conversion of solar energy to electric energy; the thermoelectric power generation sheet works on the Seebeck effect. An electromotive force will be generated, and a loop can be formed to generate electrical energy, which can directly convert thermal energy into electrical energy. The higher the temperature difference, the greater the power generation. The evaporation pipe of the direct expansion heat pump can absorb a lot of heat, effectively cool the TEG cold end and PV above, absorb the remaining heat, participate in the heat pump cycle, produce hot water at the condensation end, make full use of solar energy, and significantly improve the photovoltaic efficiency of the system and comprehensive performance; on the basis of the high photoelectric conversion efficiency of gallium arsenide batteries, the photoelectric efficiency of the heat pump system is further improved.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

图2为菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构的结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic thermoelectric power generation evaporation mechanism.

图3为菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构一个单元的截面图。3 is a cross-sectional view of a unit of a Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic thermoelectric power generation evaporation mechanism.

图中序号：毛细管1、冷凝管道2、压缩机3、储液罐4、菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构5、逆变器6、蓄电池7、冷凝水箱8、吸热板51、菲涅尔式聚光光伏模块52、蒸发管道53、温差发电片54、光伏电池521。Serial number in the figure:capillary 1,condensation pipeline 2,compressor 3,liquid storage tank 4, Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic thermoelectric powergeneration evaporation mechanism 5,inverter 6,battery 7, condensate tank 8,heat absorption plate 51, Philips Nell-type concentratingphotovoltaic modules 52 ,evaporation pipes 53 , thermoelectricpower generation sheets 54 , andphotovoltaic cells 521 .

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本发明实施例的目的，技术方案换热优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明的技术方案进行清楚完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下或所得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the heat exchange advantages of the technical solutions clearer for the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are the present invention. some examples, but not all examples. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts or obtained belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

实施例1Example 1

参见图1，一种结合菲涅尔聚光光伏和温差发电片的直膨式热泵系统包括冷凝水箱8、毛细管1、菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构5、储液罐4、压缩机3、逆变器6和蓄电池7。Referring to Figure 1, a direct expansion heat pump system combining Fresnel concentrating photovoltaics and thermoelectric power generation sheets includes a condensing water tank 8, acapillary tube 1, a Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic thermoelectric powergeneration evaporation mechanism 5, aliquid storage tank 4, acompressor 3.Inverter 6 andbattery 7.

参见图2，菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构5包括四个单元和蒸发管道53。参见图3，每个单元包括九个菲涅尔式聚光光伏模块52、温差发电片54和吸热板51；九个菲涅尔式聚光光伏模块52水平均布固定安装于温差发电片54上，温差发电片54的型号为TGM127-1.4-1.5；温差发电片54固定安装于吸热板51上，吸热板51为铝板。四个单元的吸热板51底部固定焊接安装在蒸发管道53上。Referring to FIG. 2 , the Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic thermoelectricgeneration evaporation mechanism 5 includes four units andevaporation pipes 53 . Referring to FIG. 3, each unit includes nine Fresnel type concentratingphotovoltaic modules 52, thermoelectricpower generation sheets 54 andheat absorbing plates 51; the nine Fresnel type concentratingphotovoltaic modules 52 are horizontally distributed and fixedly installed on the thermoelectric power generation sheets On 54 , the thermoelectricpower generation sheet 54 is of the type TGM127-1.4-1.5; the thermoelectricpower generation sheet 54 is fixedly mounted on theheat absorbing plate 51 , and theheat absorbing plate 51 is an aluminum plate. The bottoms of theheat absorbing plates 51 of the four units are fixedly welded and installed on theevaporation pipes 53 .

由图1可见，毛细管1、菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构5中的蒸发管道53、储液罐4、压缩机3和冷凝水箱8中的冷凝管道2依次连接构成闭合回路，闭合回路中设有制冷工质；制冷工质为R22。冷凝水箱8的容积为300L；毛细管1的直径1.2mm、长度2m；压缩机3型号日立SD145CV-H6AU。It can be seen from Figure 1 that thecapillary 1, theevaporation pipeline 53 in the Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic thermoelectricgeneration evaporation mechanism 5, theliquid storage tank 4, thecompressor 3 and thecondensation pipeline 2 in the condensed water tank 8 are connected in turn to form a closed loop. There is a refrigeration working medium; the refrigeration working medium is R22. The volume of the condensed water tank 8 is 300L; the diameter of thecapillary tube 1 is 1.2mm and the length is 2m; thecompressor 3 is Hitachi SD145CV-H6AU.

菲涅尔式聚光光伏模块52中的光伏电池521与温差发电片54、逆变器6和蓄电池7电连接。光伏电池521为GaInP/GaAs/Ge三结太阳能电池，尺寸为40×40mm²。逆变器6采用阳光电源公司生产的SN4K28C型逆变器。蓄电池采用Buddy公司生产的伐控密封式铅酸蓄电池，型号FM12-200，12V-200AH/20HR。Thephotovoltaic cell 521 in the Fresnel-type concentratingphotovoltaic module 52 is electrically connected to the thermoelectricpower generation sheet 54 , theinverter 6 and thestorage battery 7 . Thephotovoltaic cell 521 is a GaInP/GaAs/Ge triple junction solar cell with a size of 40×40 mm² . Theinverter 6 adopts the SN4K28C inverter produced by Sungrow Power Company. The battery adopts the Valcon sealed lead-acid battery produced by Buddy Company, model FM12-200, 12V-200AH/20HR.

储液罐4为可承压的密封结构储液罐；储液罐4内充有气相制冷剂，用于调节热泵循环中的工质流量。Theliquid storage tank 4 is a pressure-bearing sealed structure liquid storage tank; theliquid storage tank 4 is filled with gas-phase refrigerant, which is used to adjust the flow rate of the working medium in the heat pump cycle.

菲涅尔式聚光光伏模块52将太阳光进行聚集，在光伏电池521中，太阳能被吸收，一部分转化为电能经过逆变器6存储到蓄电池7中，大部分转化成热能；热能传导到温差发电片54的高温端，热量从温差发电片54高温端传到低温端的过程中有一部分被转化为电能经过逆变器6存储到蓄电池7中，剩余的热量被吸热板51吸收，传导到蒸发管道53被制冷工质吸收参与热泵循环。The Fresnel type concentratingphotovoltaic module 52 collects sunlight, and in thephotovoltaic cell 521, the solar energy is absorbed, a part is converted into electrical energy and stored in thebattery 7 through theinverter 6, and most of it is converted into thermal energy; the thermal energy is conducted to the temperature difference At the high temperature end of thepower generation sheet 54, a part of the heat is converted into electric energy in the process of transferring from the high temperature end of the thermoelectricpower generation sheet 54 to the low temperature end, and is stored in thebattery 7 through theinverter 6, and the remaining heat is absorbed by theheat absorbing plate 51 and conducted to thebattery 7. Theevaporation pipeline 53 is absorbed by the refrigerant to participate in the heat pump cycle.

菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构5吸收太阳能一部分转化成电能，一部分转化成热能被制冷工质吸收，制冷工质进入储液罐4，储液罐4排出气相制冷工质进入压缩机3，压缩机3将低温低压气相制冷工质压缩成高温高压过热制冷工质，经过压缩的制冷工质在冷凝水箱8中流经冷凝管道2时释放热量，加热冷凝水箱8中的水，最后经过冷凝的制冷工质进入毛细管1进行节流。以上是一个完整的热泵循环。而光伏电池521和温差发电片54产生的电能会通过逆变器6存储到蓄电池7中。The Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic thermoelectric powergeneration evaporation mechanism 5 absorbs part of the solar energy and converts it into electrical energy, and part of the conversion into heat energy is absorbed by the refrigeration working medium, the refrigeration working medium enters theliquid storage tank 4, and theliquid storage tank 4 discharges the gas-phase refrigeration working medium into thecompressor 3 , thecompressor 3 compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-phase refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure superheated refrigerant, and the compressed refrigerant releases heat when it flows through the condensingpipe 2 in the condensate tank 8, heats the water in the condensate tank 8, and finally undergoes condensation. The refrigerant enters thecapillary 1 for throttling. The above is a complete heat pump cycle. The electrical energy generated by thephotovoltaic cell 521 and the thermoelectricpower generation sheet 54 will be stored in thebattery 7 through theinverter 6 .

当冷凝水箱8中的水温为30℃、环境温度为10℃、环境风速3m/s、800W/m²辐照条件下，温差发电片54产电43.77W、光伏电池521产电766.50W、总发电量810.28W、发电效率分别为1.4%、24.44%和25.84%，证明温差发电片54可以将热能进行二次转化产生额外电能，进一步提高系统的发电效率。此外本发明将菲涅尔聚光光伏模块52和热泵系统相结合进一步的提高了PVT平板的热效率，在所述环境条件下，系统热效率可达60.26%，利用传统火电厂的发电效率0.38，将电能转化成等效热能，获得综合光电光热效率为126.54%，明显高于现有的菲涅尔聚光光伏热水系统。此时压缩机功率631.04W，热泵系统的COP为7.33。When the water temperature in the condensate tank 8 is 30°C, the ambient temperature is 10°C, the ambient wind speed is 3m/s, and the irradiation conditions are 800W/^m2 , the thermoelectricpower generation sheet 54 produces 43.77W, thephotovoltaic cell 521 produces 766.50W, and the total The power generation capacity is 810.28W, and the power generation efficiency is 1.4%, 24.44%, and 25.84%, respectively, which proves that the thermoelectricpower generation sheet 54 can perform secondary conversion of thermal energy to generate additional power, which further improves the power generation efficiency of the system. In addition, the present invention further improves the thermal efficiency of the PVT flat panel by combining the Fresnel concentratingphotovoltaic module 52 and the heat pump system. Under the environmental conditions, the thermal efficiency of the system can reach 60.26%. Using the power generation efficiency of a traditional thermal power plant of 0.38, the The electric energy is converted into equivalent thermal energy, and the comprehensive photoelectric photothermal efficiency is 126.54%, which is significantly higher than the existing Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic hot water system. At this time, the compressor power is 631.04W, and the COP of the heat pump system is 7.33.

实施例2Example 2

当冷凝水箱8中的水温为30℃、环境温度为10℃、300W/m²的低辐照条件下，系统的综合发电效率可高达28.11%，而光热效率可达126.11%，综合效率可达200.39%。在上述水温和环境温度下，系统的火用效率随着辐照强度的增加先上升后下降，在辐照为500W/m²时达到最大值为28.09%。当太阳辐照为800W/m²，环境温度和冷凝水箱8中水温分别为15℃和25℃时，压缩机功率为593.55W，系统的COP为7.90。When the water temperature in the condensate tank 8 is 30°C, the ambient temperature is 10°C, and the low irradiation conditions of 300W/m² , the comprehensive power generation efficiency of the system can be as high as 28.11%, while the photothermal efficiency can reach 126.11%, and the comprehensive efficiency can reach 28.11%. 200.39%. At the above water temperature and ambient temperature, the exergy efficiency of the system first increased and then decreased with the increase of the irradiation intensity, and reached a maximum value of 28.09% when the irradiation was 500W/m² . When the solar irradiation is 800W/m² , the ambient temperature and the water temperature in the condensate tank 8 are 15°C and 25°C, respectively, the compressor power is 593.55W, and the COP of the system is 7.90.

上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式不受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所做的改变、修饰、替换、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above-mentioned embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, The simplification should be equivalent replacement manners, which are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种结合菲涅尔聚光光伏和温差发电片的直膨式热泵系统，其特征在于：包括冷凝水箱（8）、毛细管（1）、菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构（5）、储液罐（4）、压缩机（3）、逆变器（6）和蓄电池（7）；1. A direct-expansion heat pump system combining Fresnel concentrating photovoltaics and thermoelectric power generation sheets, characterized in that: comprising a condensing water tank (8), a capillary tube (1), a Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic thermoelectric power generation evaporation mechanism (5) ), liquid storage tank (4), compressor (3), inverter (6) and battery (7);所述菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构（5）包括两个以上的单元和蒸发管道（53），每个单元包括六个以上的菲涅尔式聚光光伏模块（52）、温差发电片（54）和吸热板（51）；两个以上的单元固定设于蒸发管道（53）上；The Fresnel concentrated photovoltaic thermoelectric power generation evaporation mechanism (5) includes more than two units and evaporation pipes (53), each unit includes more than six Fresnel concentrated photovoltaic modules (52), thermoelectric power generation sheet (54) and heat-absorbing plate (51); two or more units are fixedly arranged on the evaporation pipe (53);所述毛细管（1）、菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构（5）中的蒸发管道（53）、储液罐（4）、压缩机（3）和冷凝水箱（8）中的冷凝管道（2）依次连接构成闭合回路，闭合回路中设有制冷工质；The capillary tube (1), the evaporation pipeline (53) in the Fresnel concentrated photovoltaic thermoelectric generation evaporation mechanism (5), the liquid storage tank (4), the compressor (3) and the condensation pipeline in the condensed water tank (8) (2) Connect in sequence to form a closed loop, and the closed loop is provided with a refrigerant;菲涅尔式聚光光伏模块（52）中的光伏电池（521）与温差发电片（54）和逆变器（6）、蓄电池（7）电连接；The photovoltaic cell (521) in the Fresnel type concentrating photovoltaic module (52) is electrically connected with the thermoelectric power generation sheet (54), the inverter (6), and the storage battery (7);菲涅尔式聚光光伏模块（52）中的光伏电池（521）吸收太阳能，一部分转化成电能，另一部分转化成热能，所述热能一部分通过温差发电片（54）被转化成电能，另一部分热能被蒸发管道（53）中制冷工质吸收；制冷工质进入储液罐（4），储液罐（4）排出气相制冷工质进入压缩机（3），压缩机（3）将低温低压气相制冷工质压缩成高温高压过热制冷工质，经过压缩的制冷工质在冷凝水箱（8）中流经冷凝管道（2）时释放热量，加热冷凝水箱（8）的水，最后经过冷凝的制冷工质进入毛细管（1）进行节流，再回到蒸发管道（53），完成热泵循环；菲涅尔式聚光光伏模块（52）中的光伏电池（521）和温差发电片（54）产生的电能通过逆变器（6）存储到蓄电池（7）中。The photovoltaic cell (521) in the Fresnel type concentrating photovoltaic module (52) absorbs solar energy, and converts a part of it into electric energy and the other part into thermal energy. A part of the thermal energy is converted into electric energy through the thermoelectric power generation sheet (54), and the other part is converted into electric energy. The heat energy is absorbed by the refrigerant in the evaporation pipeline (53); the refrigerant enters the liquid storage tank (4), the liquid storage tank (4) discharges the gas-phase refrigerant into the compressor (3), and the compressor (3) converts the low temperature and low pressure The gas phase refrigeration working medium is compressed into a high temperature and high pressure superheated refrigeration working medium, and the compressed refrigeration working medium releases heat when it flows through the condensing pipe (2) in the condensing water tank (8), heats the water in the condensing water tank (8), and finally passes through the condensed refrigeration. The working fluid enters the capillary tube (1) for throttling, and then returns to the evaporation pipeline (53) to complete the heat pump cycle; the photovoltaic cell (521) and the thermoelectric power generation sheet (54) in the Fresnel type concentrating photovoltaic module (52) generate The electric energy is stored in the battery (7) through the inverter (6).2.根据权利要求1所述的一种结合菲涅尔聚光光伏和温差发电片的直膨式热泵系统，其特征在于：六个以上的菲涅尔式聚光光伏模块（52）水平均布设于温差发电片（54）上，温差发电片（54）固定设于吸热板（51）上构成单元，两个以上的单元的吸热板（51）的底部焊接于蒸发管道（53）上，构成菲涅尔聚光光伏温差发电蒸发机构（5）。2. A direct expansion heat pump system combining Fresnel concentrating photovoltaics and thermoelectric power generation sheets according to claim 1, characterized in that: the level of more than six Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic modules (52) is average The thermoelectric power generation sheet (54) is arranged on the thermoelectric power generation sheet (54), and the thermoelectric power generation sheet (54) is fixed on the heat absorption plate (51) to form a unit, and the bottoms of the heat absorption plates (51) of two or more units are welded to the evaporation pipe (53) On the upper part, a Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic thermoelectric power generation evaporation mechanism (5) is formed.3.根据权利要求2所述的一种结合菲涅尔聚光光伏和温差发电片的直膨式热泵系统，其特征在于：所述菲涅尔式聚光光伏模块（52）中的光伏电池（521）为GaInP/GaAs/Ge三结太阳能电池。3. A direct expansion heat pump system combining Fresnel concentrating photovoltaics and thermoelectric power generation sheets according to claim 2, characterized in that: the photovoltaic cells in the Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic module (52) (521) is a GaInP/GaAs/Ge triple junction solar cell.4.根据权利要求1所述的一种结合菲涅尔聚光光伏和温差发电片的直膨式热泵系统，其特征在于：所述吸热板（51）为铜板、铝板或不锈钢板。4 . The direct expansion heat pump system combining Fresnel concentrating photovoltaics and thermoelectric power generation sheets according to claim 1 , wherein the heat absorbing plate ( 51 ) is a copper plate, an aluminum plate or a stainless steel plate. 5 .5.根据权利要求1所述的一种结合菲涅尔聚光光伏和温差发电片的直膨式热泵系统，其特征在于：所述冷凝水箱（8）内设有冷凝管道（2），冷凝管道（2）串联在压缩机（3）的出口和毛细管（1）的入口之间。5. A direct expansion heat pump system combining Fresnel concentrating photovoltaics and thermoelectric power generation sheets according to claim 1, characterized in that: the condensing water tank (8) is provided with a condensing pipe (2) for condensing The pipe (2) is connected in series between the outlet of the compressor (3) and the inlet of the capillary (1).6.根据权利要求1所述的一种结合菲涅尔聚光光伏和温差发电片的直膨式热泵系统，其特征在于：所述制冷工质为R22。6 . The direct expansion heat pump system combining Fresnel concentrating photovoltaics and thermoelectric power generation sheets according to claim 1 , wherein the refrigerant is R22. 7 .

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