








技术领域technical field
本发明涉及口腔颌面部影像技术领域,尤其涉及一种X射线牙片机外置式束光器及使用方法。The invention relates to the technical field of oral and maxillofacial imaging, in particular to an external beamer of an X-ray dental tablet machine and a method for using the same.
背景技术Background technique
全身医学影像检查设备中比如胸片拍摄、四肢拍摄X光时,均可见束光器,顾名思义就是起到收缩光束的作用。实际作用就是首先打开束光器上的灯,并调节束光器的X、Y两个方向的旋钮,使束光器的光线照射到机器的片盒上,使光域或光野的大小刚好与胶片大小一致,然后就可以拍片。In whole-body medical imaging equipment, such as chest X-rays and X-rays of limbs, beams are visible, which, as the name suggests, functions to shrink the beam. The actual function is to first turn on the light on the beamer, and adjust the knobs in the X and Y directions of the beamer, so that the light of the beamer shines on the film box of the machine, so that the size of the light field or light field is just the same as the size of the light field. The film is the same size, and then you can shoot.
把X射线野和光域调整到偏差极小,这个光域就起到了模拟不可见X射线野的作用。而口腔颌面部医学影像领域中,尤其对临床最为广泛使用的X射线牙片机上,缺失此项技术方法。Adjusting the X-ray field and the light field to a very small deviation, this light field plays the role of simulating the invisible X-ray field. In the field of oral and maxillofacial medical imaging, especially in the most widely used clinical X-ray dental machine, this technical method is missing.
现有技术有两种,一种是角平分线投照技术,角平分线投照技术是临床上最为常用的投照技术,角平分线在理论上是成立的,但由于投照时X线中心线与牙长轴和胶片(影像成像板)不垂直,而是根据一条假想的角平分线来调整X线中心线的方向,往往不够准确,拍摄出的牙齿图像往往失真变形,主要如何确立角平分线的具体空间位置是模糊和无法测定的;在投照方向及定点定位投照时,教科书版及国家标准参照是患者面部软组织的体表标志,显然拍照的牙齿X线图像用外在的体表标记有太多的可疑点和不确定性。X射线中心线应尽量与被检查牙的邻面切线平行。其中的“尽量”一词,可见其疑惑与不精确性。投照过程中也存在着太大的容错空间。另一种是平行投照技术,采用平行投照技术时,X线中心线与胶片表面垂直,较分角线技术不再是假想的线垂直,因此,在技术上容易得到保证。但平行投照技术也同样存在理论上的完美,在执行上的很多无奈,受限于患者的口腔容积大小,无法操作,绝大多数情况,在理论上能达到影像板与牙齿长轴平行时,此时的影像板位置已经游弋出口腔外。两套技术体系,在投照原理上存在合理性,但定点定位在实操上太多的不确定性。There are two existing technologies, one is the angle bisector projection technology. The angle bisector projection technology is the most commonly used clinical projection technology. The angle bisector is theoretically established. The center line is not perpendicular to the tooth long axis and the film (image imaging plate), but adjusts the direction of the X-ray center line according to an imaginary angle bisector, which is often inaccurate, and the photographed tooth images are often distorted and deformed. The specific spatial position of the angle bisector is ambiguous and undeterminable; in the projection direction and fixed-point positioning projection, the textbook version and the national standard reference are the body surface markers of the patient's facial soft tissue, obviously the dental X-ray images are taken with external There are too many suspicious points and uncertainties in the body surface markers. The centerline of the X-ray should be as parallel as possible to the tangent to the interproximal surface of the tooth being examined. The word "as far as possible" in it shows its doubts and inaccuracies. There is also too much room for error in the projection process. The other is the parallel projection technology. When the parallel projection technology is used, the center line of the X-ray is perpendicular to the film surface, which is no longer an imaginary line perpendicular to the split angle technology. Therefore, it is easy to be technically guaranteed. However, the parallel projection technology also has theoretical perfection. There are many frustrations in implementation. It is limited by the patient's oral volume and cannot be operated. , the position of the image plate at this time has been cruising out of the mouth. The two sets of technical systems are reasonable in the principle of projection, but there are too many uncertainties in the actual operation of fixed-point positioning.
因此,本领域的技术人员致力于开发一种牙片机X射线束光器,根据照射区域合理化减少射线辐射,更精准投照区域,减少避免非检查区的额外照射,可以减少患者辐射剂量,增强图像质量。Therefore, those skilled in the art are committed to developing a dental X-ray beamer, which can reduce radiation radiation according to the rationalization of the irradiation area, more accurately project the area, reduce and avoid additional irradiation in the non-examination area, and can reduce the radiation dose of patients. Enhance image quality.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
有鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷,本发明所要解决的技术问题是对照牙齿拍摄,辐射范围远远大于所需拍摄的区域,给周围人体组织造成额外的不必要的X射线照射的问题。In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the radiation range is much larger than the area required to be photographed when photographing against teeth, causing additional unnecessary X-ray exposure to surrounding human tissues.
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种X射线牙片机外置式束光器,所述束光器包括壳体、固定环、光域视窗、可见光源、反光板和束光装置;所述固定环固定于所述壳体的一侧,用于套接在牙片机遮线筒外周,与所述遮线筒固定连接;所述光域视窗设置在所述壳体上的与所述固定环相对的另一侧;所述可见光源和反光板设置于所述壳体内部,所述反光板将所述可见光源发出的光线朝着所述光域视窗的方向反射出去;所述束光装置设置于壳体内部,用于遮挡可见光和X射线,所述束光装置包括光域调节装置和遮线板,所述遮线板位于所述光域视窗的内前侧。In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides an external beamer of an X-ray dental tablet machine, the beamer includes a housing, a fixing ring, a light field window, a visible light source, a reflector and a beaming device; the fixed The ring is fixed on one side of the casing, and is used to be sleeved on the outer periphery of the shading cylinder of the dental tablet machine, and is fixedly connected with the shading cylinder; the opposite side of the ring; the visible light source and the reflector are arranged inside the casing, and the reflector reflects the light emitted by the visible light source toward the light field window; the beam of light The device is arranged inside the casing and is used to block visible light and X-rays. The light beam device includes a light field adjusting device and a shading plate, and the shading plate is located on the inner front side of the light field viewing window.
进一步地,所述光域视窗由可透射可见光和X射线的材料制成。Further, the optical field window is made of a material that can transmit visible light and X-rays.
进一步地,所述光域视窗的中心还设有十字准心,用于明确投照区域的中心点。Further, the center of the light field window is also provided with a crosshair, which is used to define the center point of the projection area.
进一步地,在所述壳体的所述另一侧还设有红外线感应区,用于控制可见光源的打开和关闭。Further, an infrared sensing area is also provided on the other side of the housing for controlling the opening and closing of the visible light source.
进一步地,所述遮线板由不可透射可见光和X射线的材料制成。Further, the shading plate is made of a material that cannot transmit visible light and X-rays.
进一步地,所述反光板由可透射X射线的材料制成。Further, the reflector is made of a material that can transmit X-rays.
进一步地,所述固定环还包括固定旋钮,通过调节所述固定旋钮的松紧将所述固定环固定于所述遮线筒外周。Further, the fixing ring further includes a fixing knob, and the fixing ring is fixed on the outer periphery of the shading cylinder by adjusting the tightness of the fixing knob.
优选地,所述光域调节装置包括上下光域调节旋钮、左右光域调节旋钮,所述遮线板上下左右各方向设有一块,所述上下光域调节旋钮用于控制上下2块所述遮线板的移动,所述左右光域调节旋钮用于控制左右2块所述遮线板的移动,使得通过所述光域视窗的可见光的投影光域为方形。Preferably, the light field adjustment device includes an upper and lower light field adjustment knob, a left and right light field adjustment knob, and one piece is provided on the shading plate in each of the upper, lower, left, and right directions, and the upper and lower light field adjustment knobs are used to control the upper and lower light field adjustment knobs. For the movement of the shading plate, the left and right light field adjustment knobs are used to control the movement of the two left and right shading plates, so that the projected light field of the visible light passing through the light field viewing window is square.
优选地,所述光域调节装置包括光域调节杆,所述遮线板有多块,通过调节光域调节杆控制多块所述遮线板移动,使得通过所述光域视窗的可见光的投影光域为圆形。Preferably, the light field adjustment device includes a light field adjustment rod, there are multiple pieces of the shading plate, and the movement of the plurality of said shading plates is controlled by adjusting the light field adjustment rod, so that the visible light passing through the light field window is The projected light field is circular.
本发明还提供了一种上述X射线牙片机外置式束光器的使用方法,包括以下步骤:The present invention also provides a method for using the external beamer of the above-mentioned X-ray dental tablet machine, comprising the following steps:
步骤一、将所述外置式束光器固定于牙片机遮线筒的外周;
步骤二、打开所述束光器上的光源,从所述牙片机遮线筒出口处发出可见光;
步骤三、通过调节可见光投影光域的形状和大小,调整所述牙片机遮线筒的位置和角度,确定牙齿拍片区域和X射线的投照方向;
步骤四、打开牙片机,进行X射线曝光,取出患者口内牙片,完成拍摄。Step 4: Turn on the dental film machine, perform X-ray exposure, take out the dental film in the patient's mouth, and complete the shooting.
我国目前规定牙科X线机的遮线筒长度不得小于20cm,末端有用线束直径不得大于7cm,且管壁应有0.5mm铅当量的防护,这一规定对于限制照射野范围,减少照射野外散射线数量有重要意义。也凸显限制照射野的重要性。本发明可以有效在可见光指示下有效调节束光器来遮挡过滤X射线以限制照射野,规避多余不必要的照射。符合国际上通行的辐射剂量最优化原则。将牙片机X射线可以有效管束,在可见光指引下调节束光器对X射线照射区域定位定区域。构建更为精准的投照体系。my country currently stipulates that the length of the shading cylinder of the dental X-ray machine should not be less than 20cm, the diameter of the useful wire bundle at the end should not be greater than 7cm, and the tube wall should be protected by 0.5mm lead equivalent. Quantity matters. It also highlights the importance of limiting the exposure field. The invention can effectively adjust the light beam under the instruction of visible light to block and filter X-rays to limit the irradiation field and avoid unnecessary unnecessary irradiation. In line with the internationally accepted principle of radiation dose optimization. The X-ray of the dental tablet machine can be effectively controlled, and the beam light device can be adjusted to locate the X-ray irradiation area under the guidance of visible light. Build a more accurate projection system.
本发明的技术效果:Technical effect of the present invention:
1)本发明因为内置束光器可将可见光和X射线投照域融为一体,同步联动,且可以调节照射范围和照射区域。使投照准确,设备操作容易。1) The present invention can integrate visible light and X-ray projection fields because of the built-in beamer, synchronously link, and can adjust the irradiation range and irradiation area. Make the projection accurate and the equipment easy to operate.
2)比现有技术明显减少了重复拍摄。符合放射剂量最优化原则,有效降低患者因重拍所接受额外放射损害,增强图像质量。2) Compared with the prior art, repeated shooting is significantly reduced. In line with the principle of radiation dose optimization, it can effectively reduce the additional radiation damage received by patients due to retakes, and enhance image quality.
3)是对现有牙片机投照技术可视化呈现和合理化补充,健全口腔颌面部医学影像根尖片投照技术的理论体系。3) It is a visual presentation and rational supplement to the existing dental imaging machine projection technology, and improves the theoretical system of the apical projection technology of oral and maxillofacial medical images.
以下将结合附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说明,以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。The concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的一种X射线牙片机外置式方形束光器立体结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a kind of X-ray dental tablet machine external square beam optical device three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
图2是本发明的一种X射线牙片机外置式方形束光器俯视图;Fig. 2 is a top view of the external square beam optical device of a kind of X-ray dental tablet machine of the present invention;
图3是本发明的一种X射线牙片机外置式方形束光器套接于牙片机遮线筒外周的立体结构示意图;;Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an X-ray dental tablet machine external square beam light device of the present invention sleeved on the outer periphery of the dental tablet machine shading cylinder;
图4是本发明的一种X射线牙片机外置式束光器的原理示意图;Fig. 4 is the principle schematic diagram of a kind of X-ray dental tablet machine external beam light device of the present invention;
图5是本发明的一种X射线牙片机外置式圆形束光器立体结构示意图;Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the external circular beam light device of an X-ray dental tablet machine of the present invention;
图6是本发明的一种X射线牙片机外置式圆形束光器俯视图;Fig. 6 is a top view of an X-ray dental tablet machine external circular beamer of the present invention;
图7是本发明的一种X射线牙片机外置式圆形束光器套接于牙片机遮线筒外周的立体结构示意图;Fig. 7 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an X-ray dental tablet machine external circular beamer of the present invention sleeved on the outer periphery of the dental tablet machine shading cylinder;
图8a是本发明的一种X射线牙片机外置式圆形束光器的遮线板示意图以及在该状态下的投影光域示意图;8a is a schematic diagram of a shading plate of an external circular beam light device of an X-ray dental tablet machine of the present invention and a schematic diagram of a projection light field in this state;
图8b是本发明的一种X射线牙片机外置式圆形束光器的遮线板示意图以及在该状态下的投影光域示意图。Fig. 8b is a schematic diagram of a shading plate of an external circular beam light device of an X-ray dental tablet machine according to the present invention and a schematic diagram of a projection light field in this state.
其中,1-上下光域调节旋钮,2-左右光域调节旋钮,3-壳体,4-固定环,5-旋钮,6-螺丝,7-光域视窗,8-十字准心,9-红外线感应区,10-牙片机遮线筒,11-X射线发射点,12-可见光源,13-反光板,14-遮线板,15-光域调节杆。Among them, 1-up and down light field adjustment knob, 2-left and right light field adjustment knob, 3-shell, 4-fixing ring, 5-knob, 6-screw, 7-light field window, 8-crosshair, 9- Infrared induction area, 10- shading cylinder of tooth film machine, 11- X-ray emission point, 12- visible light source, 13- reflector, 14- shading plate, 15- light range adjustment rod.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下参考说明书附图介绍本发明的多个优选实施例,使其技术内容更加清楚和便于理解。本发明可以通过许多不同形式的实施例来得以体现,本发明的保护范围并非仅限于文中提到的实施例。The following describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, so as to make its technical content clearer and easier to understand. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms of embodiments, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned herein.
在附图中,结构相同的部件以相同数字标号表示,各处结构或功能相似的组件以相似数字标号表示。附图所示的每一组件的尺寸和厚度是任意示出的,本发明并没有限定每个组件的尺寸和厚度。为了使图示更清晰,附图中有些地方适当夸大了部件的厚度。In the drawings, structurally identical components are denoted by the same numerals, and structurally or functionally similar components are denoted by like numerals throughout. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily shown, and the present invention does not limit the size and thickness of each component. In order to make the illustration clearer, the thicknesses of components are appropriately exaggerated in some places in the drawings.
本发明涉及一种根尖片投照时所需X射线牙片机外置式束光器,用于可见光预先指示X射线照射野,并可以调整X射线照射区域的大小及范围。本发明有两种形式,即X射线牙片机外置式方形束光器和X射线牙片机外置式瞳孔式束光器。下面是这两种形式的束光器实施方式。The invention relates to an external beamer of an X-ray dental film machine required for root apical film projection, which is used for visible light to pre-indicate the X-ray irradiation field, and can adjust the size and range of the X-ray irradiation area. The present invention has two forms, namely, an X-ray dental film machine external square beam beamer and an X-ray dental film machine external pupil beam beamer. The following are two forms of beamer implementations.
实施例1Example 1
图1-图4示出了一种X射线牙片机外置式方形束光器,包括壳体3,固定环4,光域视窗7,可见光源12,反光板13、光域调节旋钮和遮线板14。Figures 1 to 4 show an external square beam beamer of an X-ray dental tablet machine, including a
固定环4固定于壳体3的一侧,用于套接在牙片机遮线筒10的外周,与牙片机遮线筒10固定连接。固定环4还包括旋钮5和螺丝6,可通过调节旋钮5的松紧将固定环4固定于牙片机遮线筒10的外周。固定环4通过螺丝6固定于壳体3上。The fixing
光域视窗7设于壳体3上与固定环4相对的另一侧,光域视窗7由可以透射可见光和X射线的材料制成。在光域视窗7的中心还设有十字准心8,可见光通过光域视窗7透射出来,投照在患者面部为带有十字中心的投影光域,可用于确定投影光域的中心点。The
可见光源12和反光板13均设置于壳体内部,反光板13将可见光源12发射出的可见光朝着光域视窗7的方向反射出去。反光板13由可透射X射线的材料制成。可见光源为LED灯珠,灯珠为冷光源,以减少产热。The visible
在方形束光器中,光域调节旋钮包括上下光域调节旋钮1和左右光域调节旋钮2,遮线板14上下左右方向各有一块。下光域调节旋钮1用于控制上下2块遮线板14的移动,左右光域调节旋钮2用于控制左右2块遮线板14的移动。遮线板14设置于壳体3的内部,位于光域视窗7的内前侧,可见光和X射线先照射到遮线板14上,然后照射到光域视窗7上。使用时可根据实际需要调节旋钮,控制投影光域的大小和范围。透过调节光域视窗7的可见光的投影光域为方形。遮线板14由不可透射可见光和X射线的材料制成。In the square beam light device, the light field adjustment knobs include up and down light
在壳体3上与光域视窗7的同一侧,还设有一红外线感应区9,当人体的手或者物体的某一部分在红外线区域内,红外线发射管发射的红外线由于人体手或身体遮挡反射到红外线接收管,通过处理后发送信号,灯珠接收信号指令打开灯珠发光,当人体的手或者物体离开红外线感应范围外,灯珠没有接收到信号,则灯珠不发光。红外线感应区范围为前方20cm,一次信号发送时间长度为30秒,信号中断后重新感应即可再次发送信号。On the same side of the
实施例2Example 2
图4-7示出一种X射线牙片机外置式圆形束光器,包括壳体3,固定环4,光域视窗7,可见光源12,反光板13、光域调节杆15和遮线板14。Figures 4-7 show an external circular beam beamer of an X-ray dental tablet machine, including a
固定环4固定于壳体3的一侧,用于套接在牙片机遮线筒10的外周,与牙片机遮线筒10固定连接。固定环4还包括旋钮5和螺丝6,可通过调节旋钮5的松紧将固定环4固定于牙片机遮线筒10的外周。固定环4通过螺丝6固定于壳体3上。The fixing
光域视窗7设于壳体3上与固定环4相对的另一侧,光域视窗7由可以透射可见光和X射线的材料制成。在光域视窗7的中心还设有十字准心8,可见光通过光域视窗7透射出来,投照在患者面部为带有十字中心的投影光域,可用于确定投影光域的中心点。The
可见光源12和反光板13均设置于壳体内部,反光板13将可见光源12发射出的可见光朝着光域视窗7的方向反射出去。反光板13由可透射X射线的材料制成。可见光源为LED灯珠,灯珠为冷光源,以减少产热。The visible
在圆形束光器中,遮线板14还包括遮线板固定部分14a和遮线板可移动部分14b。通过转动光域调节杆15来控制遮线板可移动部分14b的移动。向右转动光域调节杆15时遮线板可移动部分14b从遮线板固定部分14a处向外移出,可见光和X射线的照射区域变小(图8a),向左转动光域调节杆15时可见光和X射线的照射区域则变大(图8b)。In the circular beamer, the
遮线板14设置于壳体3的内部,位于光域视窗7的内前侧,可见光和X射线先照射到遮线板14上,然后照射到光域视窗7上。使用时可根据实际需要调节旋钮,控制投影光域的大小和范围。透过调节光域视窗7的可见光的投影光域为圆形。遮线板14由不可透射可见光和X射线的材料制成。The
在壳体3上与光域视窗7的同一侧,还设有一红外线感应区9,当人体的手或者物体的某一部分在红外线区域内,红外线发射管发射的红外线由于人体手或身体遮挡反射到红外线接收管,通过处理后发送信号,灯珠接收信号指令打开灯珠发光,当人体的手或者物体离开红外线感应范围外,灯珠没有接收到信号,则灯珠不发光。红外线感应区范围为前方20cm,一次信号发送时间长度为30秒,信号中断后重新感应即可再次发送信号。On the same side of the
实施例3Example 3
一种X射线牙片机外置式束光器的使用方法,包括以下步骤:A method for using an external beamer of an X-ray dental tablet machine, comprising the following steps:
步骤一、将所述外置式束光器固定于牙片机遮线筒的外周;
步骤二、打开所述束光器上的光源,从牙片机遮线筒出口处发出可见光;
步骤三、通过调节可见光投影光域的形状和大小,调整牙片机遮线筒的位置和角度,确定牙齿拍片区域和X射线的投照方向;
步骤四、打开牙片机,进行X射线曝光,取出患者口内牙片,完成拍摄。Step 4: Turn on the dental film machine, perform X-ray exposure, take out the dental film in the patient's mouth, and complete the shooting.
本发明是对传统意义上投照技术临床、科研和教学的合理补充。将可见光和X射线投照域融为一体,同步联动改变范围大小,且可以调节照射范围和照射区域,具有非常好的实用效果。The present invention is a reasonable supplement to the clinical, scientific research and teaching of projection technology in the traditional sense. The visible light and X-ray projection fields are integrated, the size of the range can be changed synchronously, and the irradiation range and irradiation area can be adjusted, which has a very good practical effect.
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解,本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此,凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案,皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes according to the concept of the present invention without creative efforts. Therefore, any technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art according to the concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims.
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010897300.XACN111870271A (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | A kind of X-ray dental tablet machine external beam light device and using method |
| PCT/CN2020/134207WO2022041555A1 (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-07 | Beamer for x-ray dental imaging device |
| US18/114,801US12376807B2 (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2023-02-27 | Collimator for dental X-ray imaging apparatus |
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010897300.XACN111870271A (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | A kind of X-ray dental tablet machine external beam light device and using method |
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111870271Atrue CN111870271A (en) | 2020-11-03 |
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010897300.XAPendingCN111870271A (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | A kind of X-ray dental tablet machine external beam light device and using method |
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111870271A (en) |
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| WO2022041555A1 (en)* | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-03 | 韩方凯 | Beamer for x-ray dental imaging device |
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| WO2022041555A1 (en)* | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-03 | 韩方凯 | Beamer for x-ray dental imaging device |
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