Medical fluid container designed for automatic setting of fluid levelTechnical Field
The present invention relates to a medical fluid container, and also to an infusion set, an evacuation system, a fluid line system, an extracorporeal blood circuit and a medical treatment apparatus.
Background
Fluid containers used as drip chambers or bubble traps are known in practice in the medical field. Further, hose systems comprising such fluid containers are known. Furthermore, medical devices connected to such hose systems, i.e. devices for in vivo or in vitro treatment of patients or their organs or body fluids (e.g. blood), are known.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the invention may be to propose another fluid container of this type for its use in the medical field, i.e. for treating patients or their organs etc. and/or for receiving fluids, such as blood, solutions etc. in the medical field or handled by doctors. Furthermore, a hose system and a medical treatment device should be proposed.
The object according to the present invention is achieved by a fluid container according to the present disclosure. The object according to the present invention is also achieved by an infusion set according to the present disclosure, an expelling system according to the present disclosure and a fluid line system according to the present disclosure. The object according to the invention is also achieved by an extracorporeal blood circuit according to the present disclosure and a medical treatment apparatus according to the present disclosure.
In all of the following embodiments disclosed herein, the use of the expression "possibly" or "possibly with" etc. should be understood as synonymous with "preferably" or "preferably with" etc., respectively, and is intended to illustrate embodiments according to the invention.
The medical fluid container includes a first fluid chamber, an inlet and an outlet for the first fluid chamber. In addition, it comprises a fluid connection between the interior of the first fluid chamber or fluid container and the exterior (e.g. environment), wherein the fluid connection comprises a valve.
Alternatively, the fluid connection comprises a membrane instead of, or in addition to, or as part of, a valve. The membrane is disposed in or at the fluid connection. Preferably, the membrane is not provided in or at a section of the fluid connection arranged in the interior of the first fluid chamber.
The fluid container according to the invention may be configured as a drip chamber or a bubble chamber for receiving a citrate-containing solution or a calcium-containing solution for regional citrate anticoagulation in an extracorporeal blood circuit.
The infusion set according to the invention optionally comprises at least one connection device, such as a spike, a hose clamp, in particular a rolling clamp and/or a connector. The infusion set may optionally comprise an infusion hose and a medical fluid container according to the invention.
The drainage system according to the invention, which is designed in particular as a urine drainage system, comprises a collector or a collection bag, an inlet line hose and a medical fluid container according to the invention.
The fluid line system according to the invention comprises at least a fluid line and a medical fluid container according to the invention.
The extracorporeal blood circuit according to the invention comprises at least one medical fluid container.
The medical treatment device according to the invention comprises at least one medical fluid container according to the invention and/or at least one infusion set and/or at least one drainage system according to the invention and/or at least one fluid line system according to the invention and/or at least one extracorporeal blood circuit according to the invention.
Embodiments in accordance with the invention may include one or more of the foregoing or the following features. In this case, the features described herein may be any combination of the subject matter according to the embodiments of the present invention unless a specific combination is considered technically impossible by a person skilled in the art.
Whenever a digital word is mentioned herein, it is interpreted or understood by those skilled in the art as a representation of the lower numerical limit. Unless a person skilled in the art is directed to a significant contradiction, a person skilled in the art shall understand that a designation such as "a" or "an" is inclusive. Where it is considered to be technically feasible, the invention is also to be understood as including such interpretation that the numerical word (e.g., "one") may alternatively represent "exactly one". Both of which are included in the present invention and are applicable to all digital words used herein.
Whenever an embodiment is mentioned herein, it is an exemplary embodiment according to the present invention.
In this context, in the case of a person skilled in the art in question, information such as "top" and "bottom" is understood as absolute or relative spatial information, which refers to the orientation of the respective component during its intended use.
In some embodiments, the fluid connection is a pipeline, such as a pipe, hose, or the like.
In various embodiments, the fluid connection is arranged to be at least partially filled with liquid when the medical fluid container is used as intended and/or when the fluid level in the first fluid chamber is set as intended.
In various embodiments, the valve is arranged to open through the rising liquid when the rising liquid is present at the valve section (e.g., the spherical section).
In some embodiments, the valve is arranged to close by gravity.
In various embodiments, the valve includes at least one movable element, particularly within the valve or valve chamber. In some of these embodiments, the operation and/or functioning of the valve requires a movable element.
In various embodiments, the fluid connection of the medical fluid container includes a valve chamber.
In some embodiments, the valve of the fluid connection is arranged to allow or prevent fluid exchange, in particular exchange of liquid, between the interior and the exterior (e.g. the environment) of the first fluid chamber or fluid container through the fluid connection, depending on the valve position ("open" or "closed").
In various embodiments, the fluid connection or valve chamber comprises or is connected to a line section. In this case, the line section opens into the first fluid chamber or it opens into the first fluid chamber.
In some embodiments, the line section extends or opens in a radially outer region of the first fluid chamber.
For example, a region of the cross-section of the first fluid chamber that extends from the laterally-restricted inner wall of the first fluid chamber towards the centre point of the cross-section by no more than 25% of the diameter of the cross-section may be considered as the radially outer region. Preferably, the radially outer region extends towards the centre point no more than 15%, particularly preferably no more than 10% of the diameter.
In some embodiments, the line section extends within the first fluid chamber-preferably completely or substantially straight, i.e. without bending in its longitudinal direction.
In some embodiments, the line section extends within the first fluid chamber-preferably completely or substantially parallel to the laterally-restricted inner wall of the first fluid chamber.
In several embodiments, the end of the first fluid chamber associated with the inlet is closed by an end section or a cover. In this case, the fluid connection leads through the end section.
In some embodiments, the medical fluid container is connected to or comprises a sensor for detecting the fluid level in the first fluid chamber (during use of the fluid container). In this case, the line section opens or ends above the sensor.
In certain embodiments, the valve is or includes a membrane.
In some embodiments, the fluid connection of the medical fluid container, in particular the line section or the valve chamber, comprises a membrane separating the interior from the exterior.
In various embodiments, the valve includes a floatable element and/or a floatably arranged element.
In some embodiments, the valve includes a first seal seat and a second seal seat for the floatable element.
In various embodiments, the valve includes or is a float switch.
In some embodiments, the valve is disposed outside the interior of the first fluid chamber and/or is not present inside the first fluid chamber.
In various embodiments, the fluid connection comprises no membrane, no filter and/or no hydrophobic element, e.g. a hydrophobic porous body, and/or no porous element, and/or is not closed off by the fluid connection, in particular at an end section of the fluid connection and/or in the interior of the first fluid chamber. "closed" is understood here as a cross section of a lumen completely filling a fluid connection; or it may be understood as a closure of the liquid channel; or the passage of the gas may also be in a "closed state". In some embodiments, as previously described, the interior of the first fluid chamber does not include a membrane, does not include a filter, and/or does not include a hydrophobic element and/or does not include a porous element.
In various embodiments, the valve chamber optionally includes a membrane in addition to or in lieu of the floatable element. Both the floatable element and the membrane may have hydrophobic properties. Alternatively, both allow the passage of gas to be in a "closed" valve position.
In some embodiments, the fluid connection and/or the valve thereof does not include a gas permeable, liquid impermeable element.
In some embodiments, the valve is free of a gas permeable, liquid impermeable element, and/or it is not a hydrophobic element and/or a porous element.
In various embodiments, the medical treatment device according to the invention is configured as a dialysis device, a peritoneal dialysis device, a hemodialysis device, a hemofiltration device or a hemodiafiltration device, in particular as a device for chronic kidney replacement therapy or for continuous kidney replacement therapy (CRRT), or as a plasmapheresis device.
In some embodiments, a medical fluid container according to the present invention includes a sensor system and corresponding detection beam path to monitor maintenance of a minimum fluid level for patient protection. In this case, the lower inlet end of the line section, which serves as an riser, may be arranged above and/or outside the beam path of the sensor system and the corresponding detection beam path.
One, more or all embodiments in accordance with the invention may have one, more or all of the foregoing and/or following advantages.
It may be advantageous according to the invention to simplify the fluid level setting, i.e. the fluid level monitoring, in the medical fluid container, which in the prior art may require very complicated operations and is therefore very prone to application errors.
In the prior art, a machine-side fluid level monitoring section is not possible. Thus, another advantage of the present invention is that the fluid level within a constant fluid level or predetermined fluid level limit for a specific period of time (e.g., for the duration of a whole blood treatment) can be set and maintained without the use of the machine.
Treatment work related to fluid level (set-up, monitoring, etc.) can be minimized by the present invention. This represents another advantage.
In addition, an initial filling and a subsequent maintenance of the fluid level (or liquid level) in the medical fluid container can advantageously be automatically obtained by means of the present invention.
Initial filling and subsequent maintenance of the fluid level in the medical fluid container can advantageously be obtained without any support or adaptation from the machine side.
Another advantage is that the medical fluid container according to the invention can be used with current devices without effort. No hardware and/or software changes are required.
Furthermore, the medical container according to the invention advantageously requires neither special handling with respect to manual ventilation nor machine-induced control and/or regulation thereof.
Advantageously, fully automatic setting of the fluid level does not require further machine side (valve, pneumatic device, sensor system, actuator system) and/or manual operation, as the filling is independent of other parameters, such as filling quantity and/or hose length, etc.
In some embodiments according to the invention, an undesired overfilling of the medical fluid container is not possible, which is another advantage.
Some "bubble alarms" and cumbersome troubleshooting can be advantageously reduced or prevented by automatic fluid level setting.
Troubleshooting is a huge problem and a huge burden, which is a challenge for users. These can be significantly reduced by the present invention or by using the present invention.
Advantageously, monitoring and correcting fluid levels in the medical fluid container by the user may be omitted to prevent machine alarms from interrupting treatment.
When using a medical fluid container as a bubble trap or venous bubble chamber in a return line of an extracorporeal blood circuit, the return pressure in the return line may be determined and/or the change in the fluid level present in the bubble trap or venous bubble chamber may be determined by measuring the pressure inside the chamber of the medical fluid container with the inflation pressure outlet line.
In the fluid chamber, on the one hand, air injection into the patient is prevented, and on the other hand, a correct pressure measurement is ensured by a predetermined fluid level that can be monitored.
The risk of injury to the patient can advantageously be reduced by the present invention.
Thus, interruptions in treatment and/or user reactions due to deviations in fluid levels can be advantageously reduced by the constant fluid level setting of the present invention.
By means of the automatic fluid level setting of the invention, the complexity of machine side control is reduced.
The use of a membrane may advantageously act as a barrier to microbial or bacterial isolation from the incoming air.
Furthermore, in the event of errors in a continuously open valve (e.g., a ball valve described below), the membrane may advantageously prevent loss of fluid from being out of balance. Thus, the risk of injury to the patient is also reduced.
Drawings
The present invention is exemplarily explained below with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals denote like or similar components. The drawings include: :
fig. 1 shows a fluid container according to the invention in a first exemplary embodiment, here designed as a drip chamber;
FIG. 1a shows the drip chamber of FIG. 1 at a stage of intended use with increasing liquid or fluid levels;
FIG. 1b shows the drip chamber of FIGS. 1 and 1a at a further stage of use that is contemplated when a predetermined or desired liquid level or fluid level is reached;
FIG. 1c shows the drip chamber of FIGS. 1, 1a and 1b at another stage of use contemplated when the automatic seal according to the present invention closes the valve chamber with respect to the exterior, thereby also closing the venting of the drip chamber;
FIG. 2 shows the valve chamber of the preceding figures in another embodiment;
FIG. 3 shows an infusion set according to the invention in another embodiment with a fluid container according to the invention, here exemplified by a drip chamber;
Fig. 4 shows a greatly simplified medical treatment device according to the invention with a fluid container according to the invention, which is designed as a bubble trap.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a fluid container according to the invention, which is here illustrated as a drip chamber 100.
The drip chamber 100 comprises a first fluid chamber 101 connected to an inlet 103 and an outlet 105. The inlet 103 and the outlet 105 serve to fluidly connect the first fluid chamber 101 to a fluid line, which may be part of an extracorporeal blood circuit 300 (see fig. 4), for example. The inlet 103 and the outlet 105 may be designed as a connection or comprise a connection section, such as an insertion section, a threaded section, a bayonet lock, a connector, a luer lock connector, etc., respectively.
In the example of fig. 1, the inlet 103 is provided in the upper cover of the first fluid chamber 101 or through the upper cover of the first fluid chamber 101, for example in the cover 107 of the drip chamber 100.
In the example shown in fig. 1, the outlet 105 is provided in a lower cover of the first fluid chamber 101, e.g. in the bottom 109 of the drip chamber 100 or through the bottom 109 of the drip chamber 100.
The drip chamber 100 further comprises a fluid connection 111, which fluid connection 111 connects the interior of the first fluid chamber 101 to the exterior of the drip chamber 100, i.e. also to the exterior of the first fluid chamber 101.
The fluid connection 111 comprises a valve, which here illustratively comprises a spherical section 113 or a sphere.
The fluid connection 111 is connected on one side to the interior 115 of the valve chamber 117 and on the other side to the line section 119. The line section 119 opens into the interior of the first fluid chamber 101.
The valve further comprises an optional first seal seat 121 and a second seal seat 123. An optional first seal seat 121 is disposed below the second seal seat 123 when the drip chamber 100 is in use in the intended arrangement.
Masking of the drip chamber 100 or its first fluid chamber 101 via the optical drip detector should not be compromised when the drip chamber 100 is arranged for its intended use. Thus, the line section 119 is preferably arranged near a side wall of the drip chamber 100 or the first fluid chamber 101.
The line section 119, like the inlet 103, also passes through the cover 107 in the end section 108. The position of the line section 119 in relation to the cover 107, in particular the radial distance of the line section in relation to the middle of the cover 107, also determines the position of the line section in the first fluid chamber 101, since the line section 119 is preferably fully or substantially extended here and preferably extends fully or substantially parallel to the side wall of the first fluid chamber 101. Thus, the pipeline section 119 may also be represented as a coded location.
In practice, the line section 119 is placed in the (radially visible) edge region of the first fluid chamber 101. In some embodiments it may even contact, be connected to or be integral with the edge region.
In order not to hinder the user from observing the dripping process in the drip chamber 100 through the line section 119, an insertion orientation may be provided in some embodiments according to the invention, for example because the line section 119 has been moved to the front side of the fluid chamber 101 or the side of the fluid chamber 101 facing the user during use, or the line section 119 has been moved thereto by e.g. twisting the cap 107. The insertion position can be designed as a mechanical guide or as a coding, for example as a torsion protection. It may be additionally designed (e.g., designed as a control) or, alternatively, designed as a marker 125 directed to the user.
The marking 125, which may be optical or tactile or the like, for example, may be a portion of the wall of the first fluid chamber 101, for example, or may be provided on the wall of the first fluid chamber 101 or elsewhere. It may for example show to the user on the front side, on the opposite side, opposite to the marking 125, after assembly of the fluid container, at the beginning of a treatment, etc., where the line section 119 should be located in the fluid chamber 101.
The arrangement of the line section 119 within the first fluid chamber 101 may alternatively or additionally be determined by a limited degree of freedom with respect to the marker 125 or by a rotational degree of freedom of the cover 107 or another section by which the fluid connection 111 or the line section 119 is guided.
The marking 125 or another possible additional marking may further indicate to the user the depth to which the line section 119 should be inserted into the interior of the first fluid chamber 101. Thereby, the user can check whether the opening of the line section 119 is arranged at a desired height within the first fluid chamber 101.
The height or position of the opening of the line section 119 within the fluid chamber 101 may determine the height at which the liquid level in the first fluid chamber 101 may or should be raised or lowered.
Monitoring means, such as sensors 127a, 127b, e.g. designed as LEDs, may be provided to enable monitoring of the liquid level or fluid level P.
For example, when an optional sensor is used as the monitoring device 127a, such a sensor may be provided: the sensor is arranged and/or configured to be placed above a nominal or maximum fluid level and to report when the fluid level rises too high. A corresponding alarm for this situation may be provided to be output by the alarm means.
For example, when an optional sensor is used as the monitoring device 127b, such a sensor may be provided: the sensor is arranged and/or configured to be placed below a nominal or minimum fluid level and to report when the fluid level falls too low. A corresponding alarm for this situation may be provided to be output by the alarm means.
As optionally shown in fig. 1, the valve may be part of a valve chamber 117.
The bottom 109 or another section of the fluid chamber 101 may optionally include a filter not shown in the figures, such as a blood clot filter and/or a particulate filter.
Illustrations of the marker 125 and the monitoring devices 127a and 127b are omitted from figures 1a, 1b and 1c for clarity.
Fig. 1a shows a drip chamber 100 according to the invention of fig. 1 during its intended use. During use, the first fluid chamber 101 of the drip chamber 100 is supplied or fed fluid in drops through the inlet 103. This is generally indicated by the arrow above the inlet 103.
Further, the drops T and downwardly directed arrows in the interior of the first fluid chamber 101 of the drop chamber 100 represent a continuous drop process. The dripping process increases the fluid level or liquid level P inside the first fluid chamber 101, as indicated by the upward arrow.
During this dripping, the spherical section 113 in the valve chamber 117 is held by its weight on the first (here lower) sealing seat 121.
The air present in the first fluid chamber 101 is replaced by the constantly dripping fluid and can escape from the first fluid chamber 101 to the environment through the line section 119 of the fluid connection 111 via the valve chamber 117 connected to the line section 119. This is illustrated by the upward arrow adjacent the free end of the valve chamber 117.
The level "X" shown below the outlet 105 indicates that the outlet 105 of the drip chamber 100 is closed, for example, by a pump or hose clamp.
Fig. 1b shows the drip chamber 100 according to the invention of fig. 1 and 1a during another stage of its intended use, wherein the first fluid chamber 101 is still supplied with fluid in drops through the inlet 103.
The dripping process increases the fluid level P inside the first fluid chamber 101. Once the fluid level P in the first fluid chamber 101 has reached a desired predetermined level, which is substantially determined by the insertion depth of the line section 119 in the fluid chamber 101, the fluid inside the line section 119 rises towards the valve chamber 117, because an overpressure is created in the fluid chamber 101, which is greater than the pressure in the valve chamber 117, due to the dripping process. This is indicated by an arrow pointing upwards to the right next to or near the line section 119. The maximum liquid level P sets itself in the fluid chamber 101 to a position slightly above the lower edge of the line section 119.
Thus, the degassing of the first fluid chamber 101 of the drip chamber 100 can be carried out unchanged via the fluid connection 111 and through the valve chamber 117, wherein the spherical section 113 is lifted slightly and briefly from the first sealing seat 121 for pressure compensation. This is again illustrated by the upwardly directed thin arrow above the valve chamber 117.
The horizontal "X" further indicates that the outlet 105 of the drip chamber 100 is closed.
Fig. 1c shows the drip chamber 100 according to the invention of fig. 1, 1a and 1b after a desired predetermined level P has been reached in the first fluid chamber 101 of the drip chamber 100 during its intended use.
Here, the liquid first rises above the line section 119 into the valve chamber 117 and gradually fills the valve chamber 117 for the first time. During and as a result of this process, floatable spherical section 113 floats or swims with the fluid in valve chamber 117 by buoyancy lift upwards and is eventually pressed against second (here: upper) sealing seat 123 by prevailing (over) pressure, closing it in a fluid-tight manner. This process is illustrated in fig. 1c by the upward arrow located to the right next to the valve chamber 117. P2 represents the liquid level or fluid level in the valve chamber 117.
The level "X" above the valve chamber 117 now indicates that the valve automatically closes when the valve chamber 117 is full. Once the valve is closed, the valve chamber 117 cannot be filled further, because due to the back pressure developed in the first fluid chamber 101 for the rest of the air, once the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid at the inlet 103 (typically created by gravity acting on the liquid in the inlet hose and solution bag) is the same as the pressure in the fluid chamber 101, the further liquid supply is reduced and stopped. By compressing the residual air within the fluid chamber 101, the fluid level rises above or over the opening of the line section 119.
The outlet 105 of the drip chamber 100 is opened, for example by pumping or releasing the hose clamp. This is indicated by the downward arrow below the drip chamber 100. If there is an overpressure in the first fluid chamber 101 and liquid flows further through the inlet 103, the connection between the interior and the exterior of the first fluid chamber 101 or drip chamber 100 via the valve chamber 117 remains closed.
This results in a stable fluid level slightly above the lower edge of the line section 119, because a low overpressure is created in the fluid chamber 101, by means of which the air volume above the liquid level P is slightly compressed.
Fig. 2 shows a valve chamber 117 in another embodiment.
The valve chamber 117 here illustratively comprises a circular cross section, and it tapers conically upwards (the cross section may also be rectangular). In this case, the connection or transition of the valve chamber 117 with its inlet 111 (here the fluid connection 111) forms a first seal seat 121 for the floatable element or spherical section 113.
The second sealing seat 123 is defined by the tapering valve chamber 117 in that the floatable element 113 closes the valve chamber 117 at a height where the floatable element 113 contacts the inner wall of the valve chamber 117 with its circumference.
The second seal seat 123 is indicated by a broken line in fig. 2. As the fluid level or liquid level P2 (not shown here) increases, the floatable element 113 is pressed up into the cone and closes it fluid-tightly.
Fig. 3 shows an infusion set 200 according to the invention with a drip chamber 100 according to the invention in another embodiment, here exemplarily configured as an inlet line for citrate-containing or calcium-containing solutions in regional citrate anticoagulation, for example as an infusion hose 207.
Here, the valve chamber 117 includes a membrane 130. The membrane 130 may illustratively have hydrophobic properties. Advantageously, it is breathable but liquid-impermeable.
The valve chamber 117 may be composed of a plastic housing in which a hydrophobic membrane is disposed. Alternatively, the diameter of the plastic housing can be greater than the diameter of the line section 119 in the region of the membrane.
As an alternative to the valve chamber 117, the membrane may be connected directly to the line section 119 at the upper end of the line section 119, for example by gluing or welding the membrane to the circumference of the upper opening edge of the line section 119.
The infusion set 200 comprises connection means 203 for connecting it to a container (e.g. a solution bag) not shown.
The connection means 203 may be or comprise spikes, connectors and/or bayonet locks.
The infusion set 200 optionally comprises a hose clamp 201 for closing the inlet 103 towards the drip chamber 100 in a fluid tight manner.
Fig. 4 shows a greatly simplified medical treatment device 1000 according to the invention with a medical fluid container according to the invention (here designed as a bubble trap 100 a).
The bubble trap 100a is arranged in the extracorporeal blood circuit 300 downstream of the dialyzer, the blood filter 1003 and upstream of the venous hose clamp 307. The bubble trap 100a separates the gas present in the extracorporeal blood circuit 300, thus enabling a gas-free circuit to be formed back to the patient.
As shown in the above figures, the bubble trap 100a is connected to the outside via its line section 119 and its valve chamber 117 for degassing. The depth to which the line section 119 is inserted into the first fluid chamber 101 determines the height of the automatically set fluid level P. Here, special properties of the blood (e.g., viscosity, coagulability, etc.) can be considered in the technical design of the valve chamber 117.
Blood is returned to the patient via the intravenous patient line. In the intravenous patient line, an optical sensor 1005 and an air bubble detector 1006 are here exemplarily arranged.
The extracorporeal blood circuit 300 further comprises an arterial hose clamp 301, here exemplarily arranged on an arterial patient line, and a blood pump 1002 upstream of the dialyzer 1003.
On the machine side, contrary to the extracorporeal blood circuit 300, there is an inlet line for the dialysis liquid 1014, which dialysis liquid 1014 is led from a container with weighing means 1015 via a dialysis liquid pump 1013 to the dialyzer or blood filter 1003 by an optional heating means 1012. After the blood cleaning process, filtrate 1009 is drained by filter pump 1010 through the dialysate outlet line via the outlet of dialyzer 1003 into another optional container, or discarded. The container is also optionally connected to an optional weighing device 1008 or arranged with the optional weighing device 1008 for optional balancing purposes. Here, the blood leak detector is exemplarily arranged in the dialysate outlet line.
List of reference numerals
100. Drip chamber
100A bubble trap
101. First fluid chamber
103. An inlet
105. An outlet
107. Cover for a container
108. Inlet-facing end section
109. Bottom or base
111. Fluid connection
113. A floatable element; spherical segment, sphere
115. Interior of valve chamber
117. Valve chamber
119. Pipeline section
121. First sealing seat
123. Second sealing seat
125. Marking
127A monitoring devices, e.g. sensors
127B monitoring devices, e.g. sensors
130. Film and method for producing the same
200. Transfusion system
201. Hose clamp
203. Connecting device
207. Transfusion hose
300. Extracorporeal blood circuit
301. Arterial hose clamp
307. Venous hose clamp
1000. Medical treatment device
1002. Blood pump
1003. A dialyzer; blood filter
1005. Optical sensor
1006. Bubble detector
1008. Weighing device
1009. Filtrate from the filtration
1010. Filter liquid pump
1011. Blood leakage detector
1012. Heating devices or heaters
1013. Dialysis liquid pump
1014. Dialysis liquid
1015. Weighing device
Fluid or liquid level in the P first fluid chamber
Fluid or liquid level in P2 valve chamber
T drops or drops