CN111839821A - Hip joint prosthesis for femoral neck remaining operation - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a hip joint prosthesis for femoral neck remaining surgery, belonging to the technical field of hip joint replacement surgery; it comprises a hip joint femoral stem and a femoral stem neck; the cross section of the hip joint femoral stem is in an oval shape and has double taper, and the height of the hip joint femoral stem is lower than that of the conventional hip joint femoral stem. The application has the effect of preventing the prosthesis from sinking and loosening.

Description

Hip joint prosthesis for femoral neck remaining operation

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of hip joint replacement, in particular to a hip joint prosthesis for femoral neck remaining surgery.

Background

In recent years, with the popularization of hip joint replacement technology and the improvement of the biological femoral prosthesis on the handle design, the clinical application of the biological short-handle prosthesis is increasing.

Total hip replacement remains the only currently effective treatment for young patients with end-stage hip disease. However, secondary revision is often troublesome due to the fact that more bone is resected during the operation, and therefore femoral neck type artificial joint replacement is one of the trends of the THR of young patients.

The above prior art solutions have the following drawbacks: the femoral neck preserving surgery is less applied domestically, and the conventional THA (total hip arthroplasty, hereinafter THA) requires partial resection of the femoral neck of the hip joint, which makes the revision surgery difficult to some extent due to less bone mass preservation when a young patient needs the revision surgery.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present application to provide a hip joint prosthesis for use in a femoral neck preserving surgery.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

a hip joint prosthesis for femoral neck preserving surgery comprises a hip joint femoral stem and a femoral stem neck;

the cross section of the hip joint femoral stem is in an oval shape and has double taper, and the height of the hip joint femoral stem is lower than that of the conventional hip joint femoral stem.

By adopting the technical scheme, the hip joint femoral stem is shorter, and the femoral neck can be better kept, so that the total hip replacement is more suitable for patients with light age, large activity, no osteoporosis and complete femoral neck. Meanwhile, the cross section of the hip joint femoral stem is oval, so that the medullary cavity can be matched with the hip joint femoral stem, the locking effect is realized, the rotation of the femoral stem is avoided, and the hip joint femoral stem with the double taper can prevent the hip joint from sinking.

The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: the hip joint femoral stem is divided into a proximal femoral stem part and a distal femoral stem part, and the neck part of the femoral stem is arranged at one end of the proximal femoral stem part far away from the distal femoral stem part;

the inner side of the proximal end of the femoral stem is provided with a plurality of anti-sink chutes which are uniformly distributed along the length direction of the proximal end of the femoral stem; and the opening of the anti-settling chute faces away from the neck of the femoral stem.

By adopting the technical scheme, after the prosthesis is implanted into a human body, the prosthesis is subjected to a downward force in a bone under the action of the gravity given by the upper body, and the sinking prevention groove prevents the prosthesis from sinking after the bone grows in, so that the sinking of the prosthesis can be effectively reduced by the structure.

The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: a plurality of reinforcing chutes are formed in the outer side wall of the far end of the femoral stem and are evenly distributed along the length direction of the far end of the femoral stem, and the opening of each reinforcing chute faces the direction close to the neck of the femoral stem.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, promote the bone to grow into after implanting the prosthesis, when the prosthesis received the power, femoral stem near-end and little tuberosity contact, the femoral stem distal end received the power of upwards perk, and the reinforcement chute prevents the prosthesis perk, and this reinforcement chute has fixed effect, prevents that it from producing not hard up anteversion phenomenon.

The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: the lateral wall of the hip joint femoral stem body is fixedly connected with a plurality of raised reinforcing ribs, the length direction of the reinforcing ribs is the same as that of the hip joint femoral stem, and the reinforcing ribs are uniformly distributed along the width direction of the hip joint.

By adopting the technical scheme, after the raised reinforcing ribs are implanted into the medullary cavity, the reinforcing ribs are inserted into cancellous bone, the possibility of rotation of the prosthesis is effectively reduced, and the stability of the prosthesis is greatly enhanced.

The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: the round corners are arranged at the edges of the end, far away from the neck of the femoral stem, of the distal end of the femoral stem.

By adopting the technical scheme, sharp edges are replaced by the round corners, so that the edges can be prevented from scratching the medullary cavity in the process of loading the prosthesis, and the damage of the prosthesis to bones is reduced.

The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: the neck angle alpha of the hip joint femoral stem is 130 degrees.

By adopting the technical scheme, the neck shaft angle alpha is 130 degrees, which better accords with the bone characteristics of Chinese people, so that the hip joint femoral stem is more suitable for the bone of Chinese people, and the discomfort after the prosthesis is implanted is reduced.

The present application may be further configured in a preferred example to: the anteversion angle beta of the hip joint femoral stem is 15 degrees.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the artificial femoral head is implanted into a human body, the human skeleton has an anteversion angle, so that the anteversion angle beta is designed to be 15 degrees according to the data of Chinese people, and the problems of femoral neck fracture, pain and the like caused by improper matching of the prosthesis and the medullary cavity are solved

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the cross section of the hip joint femoral stem is oval and has double taper, the length of the hip joint femoral stem is reduced, so that more bone mass of femoral neck can be reserved in the replacement operation, meanwhile, the hip joint femoral stem with the oval cross section can prevent the prosthesis from rotating, and the prosthesis can be prevented from sinking due to double taper;

2. the hip joint femoral stem neck angle alpha is 130 degrees, the anteversion angle is 15 degrees, so the prosthesis can better accord with the sclerotin of the Chinese, the prosthesis is more suitable for the sclerotin of the Chinese, and the comfort level of the prosthesis is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a hip joint femoral stem in the embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the neck angle in the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the prominent anteversion angle in the examples.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a hip stem in an embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion B in fig. 2.

In the figure, 1, a hip joint femoral stem; 11. a proximal femoral stem end; 12. a femoral stem distal end; 121. round corners; 13. an anti-settling chute; 14. reinforcing the chute; 15. reinforcing ribs; 2. the femoral stem neck.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, a hip joint prosthesis for femoral neck preserving surgery disclosed in the present application comprises a hip jointfemoral stem 1 and afemoral stem neck 2; the hip jointfemoral stem 1 is divided into a proximalfemoral stem end 11 and a distalfemoral stem end 12, and theneck part 2 of the femoral stem is fixedly connected to one end of the proximalfemoral stem end 11, which is far away from the distalfemoral stem end 12; when the operation is performed, thedistal end 12 of the femoral stem firstly enters the medullary cavity, and theneck part 2 of the femoral stem is matched with the ball head, the lining, the metal cup and the like, so that the implantation of the prosthesis is completed.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the hip stem angle α of thehip stem 1 is 130 ° and the anteversion angle β is 15 °; according to the data analysis in 1290 cases of Chinese skeletons database, the degree of alpha is obtained, and according to the Chinese data, the anteversion angle of the Chinese skeleton is mapped, so that the Chinese skeleton characteristics are more met, and the problems of femoral neck fracture, pain and the like caused by improper matching of prosthesis and medullary cavity are effectively solved. And corresponding neck length and prosthesis with radian are designed according to the bone data of Chinese people, so that the hip joint prosthesis is more in line with the bone characteristics of Chinese people, and the success rate of hip joint replacement is facilitated.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the cross-section of thehip stem 1 is elliptical and has a double taper design. The cross section of the hip jointfemoral stem 1 is oval, and the medullary cavity is also oval, so that the aim of locking can be achieved by matching the hip jointfemoral stem 1 with the medullary cavity, and the hip jointfemoral stem 1 has the anti-rotation capacity. The double taper enables the end of the prosthesis which enters the medullary cavity first to be smaller, so that the hip jointfemoral stem 1 has the sinking resistance, and the prosthesis is prevented from being displaced.

Referring to fig. 2 and 5, a plurality ofanti-subsidence chutes 13 are formed on the concave side wall of the proximalfemoral stem end 11, theanti-subsidence chutes 13 are uniformly distributed along the length direction of the proximalfemoral stem end 11, and the openings of theanti-subsidence chutes 13 face the direction far away from theneck 2 of the femoral stem. When the prosthesis is implanted into a human body, the prosthesis is in the bone and is subjected to a downward force by the gravity given by the upper body, and theanti-sinking chute 13 on theproximal end 11 of the femoral stem prevents the prosthesis from sinking after the bone grows in, so that the structure can effectively reduce the sinking of the prosthesis.

Referring to fig. 2 and 6, a plurality of reinforcingtapered slots 14 are formed on the convex side wall of thedistal end 12 of the femoral stem, the reinforcingtapered slots 14 are uniformly distributed along the length direction of thedistal end 12 of the femoral stem, and the openings of the reinforcingtapered slots 14 face to the direction close to theneck 2 of the femoral stem. After the prosthesis is implanted, the bone growth is promoted, when the prosthesis is stressed, theproximal end 11 of the femoral stem is in contact with the small tuberosity, the distal end of the femoral stem is stressed by upward tilting force, the reinforcinginclined groove 14 can prevent the prosthesis from tilting, the reinforcinginclined groove 14 has a fixing effect, the phenomenon of loosening and forward tilting is prevented, and the prosthesis is better installed in the medullary cavity.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, a plurality of raised reinforcingribs 15 are fixedly connected to the side walls of both sides of the hip jointfemoral stem 1, the length direction of the reinforcingribs 15 is the same as that of the hip jointfemoral stem 1, and the plurality of reinforcingribs 15 are uniformly distributed along the width direction of the hip jointfemoral stem 1; after the prosthesis is implanted into the medullary cavity, the reinforcingribs 15 on the side surface are inserted into the spongy bone, so that the possibility of rotation of the prosthesis is effectively reduced, and the stability of the prosthesis is greatly enhanced.

Referring to FIG. 2, the height H of the prosthesis is 90-120, which is shorter than the conventional height value of 130-170, and can retain more bone mass of the femoral neck, thereby facilitating the second revision surgery. Meanwhile, the neck length is respectively as follows according to the values of different prosthesis models: 27. 27.5, 28, 28.5, 29, 29.5, 30 (unit: mm) and the like, and the total length L of the prosthesis is 110-145; the length and the height of the prosthesis are more in line with the characteristics of height and bone of the Chinese, so that the prosthesis is more suitable for domestic operations, and the degree of the fitting between the prosthesis and the human body is improved.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3,rounded corners 121 are formed at edges of one end of thedistal end 12 of the femoral stem, which is far away from theproximal end 11 of the femoral stem, and therounded corners 121 replace sharp edges; therefore, in the process of implanting the prosthesis into the medullary cavity, the prosthesis can be prevented from damaging the medullary cavity, the prosthesis can be implanted into the medullary cavity better, and the bone growth effect is facilitated.

The spraying is carried out below the osteotomy line, and the bone ingrowth effect is better than that of a Metaha handle, so that the long-term stability of the prosthesis is enhanced.

The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited by the embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (7)

1. A hip joint prosthesis for operations to preserve the neck of the femur, characterized in that: comprises a hip joint femoral stem (1) and a femoral stem neck (2);

the cross section of the hip joint femoral stem (1) is oval and has double taper, and the height of the hip joint femoral stem (1) is lower than the conventional height.

2. A hip joint prosthesis for operation in retaining the neck of a femur according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hip joint femoral stem (1) is divided into a proximal femoral stem end (11) and a distal femoral stem end (12), and the neck part (2) of the femoral stem is arranged at one end of the proximal femoral stem end (11) far away from the distal femoral stem end (12);

a plurality of anti-sinking chutes (13) are formed in the inner side of the proximal end (11) of the femoral stem, and the anti-sinking chutes (13) are uniformly distributed along the length direction of the proximal end (11) of the femoral stem; and the opening of the anti-sinking chute (13) faces to the direction far away from the neck part (2) of the femoral stem.

3. A hip joint prosthesis for operation in retaining the neck of a femur according to claim 2, characterized in that: a plurality of reinforcing chutes (14) are formed in the outer side wall of the femoral stem far end (12), the reinforcing chutes (14) are evenly distributed along the length direction of the femoral stem far end (12), and the opening of each reinforcing chute (14) faces the direction close to the femoral stem neck (2).

4. A hip joint prosthesis for operation in retaining the neck of a femur according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side wall of the hip joint femoral stem body of the hip joint femoral stem (1) is fixedly connected with a plurality of convex reinforcing ribs (15), the length direction of the reinforcing ribs (15) is the same as that of the hip joint femoral stem (1), and the reinforcing ribs (15) are uniformly distributed along the width direction of the hip joint.

5. A hip joint prosthesis for operation in retaining the neck of a femur according to claim 2, characterized in that: the edge of one end of the distal end (12) of the femoral stem, which is far away from the neck (2) of the femoral stem, is provided with a round corner (121).

6. A hip joint prosthesis for operation in retaining the neck of a femur according to claim 1, characterized in that: the neck-shaft angle alpha of the hip joint femoral stem (1) is 130 degrees.

7. A hip joint prosthesis for operation in retaining the neck of a femur according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anteversion angle beta of the hip joint femoral stem (1) is 15 degrees.

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