CN111815162A - Digital auditing tool and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及信息化领域，尤其涉及一种用于基建工程的数字化审计工具及方法。The invention relates to the field of informatization, in particular to a digital auditing tool and method for infrastructure projects.
背景技术Background technique
市场经济的迅速发展给建筑行业带来了勃勃生机，各地区、各单位的建设项目也明显增多，但建设项目投资浪费、质量优劣不一等问题也随之而来，尤其基建工程项目投资大且建设周期长，更需要对其造价进行最有效和最直接的监督。The rapid development of the market economy has brought vitality to the construction industry, and construction projects in various regions and units have also increased significantly. It is large and has a long construction period, which requires the most effective and direct supervision of its cost.
内部审计作为监督基建工程建设的重要环节，既能加强对工程建设项目的造价管理，有效控制工程建设项目成本，又能提高项目投资效益，从而避免投资浪费。基建工程内部审计项目数量较多，包含可研、核准、初设、招投标、合同、施工、结算和决算等各阶段文档。然而目前审计工作多为人工核对，往往需要大量翻阅文档对审计基础数据进行摘录比对，耗时耗力，导致审计效率较低。As an important link in the supervision of infrastructure construction, internal audit can not only strengthen the cost management of construction projects, effectively control the cost of construction projects, but also improve project investment benefits, thereby avoiding investment waste. There are a large number of internal audit projects for infrastructure projects, including documents at various stages such as feasibility study, approval, preliminary design, bidding, contract, construction, settlement and final accounts. However, the current audit work is mostly manual verification, which often requires a large number of documents to be extracted and compared to the basic audit data, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, resulting in low audit efficiency.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供一种数字化审计工具及方法，减少审计人员对审计基础数据的摘录比对工作，提高审计效率。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a digital audit tool and method, which can reduce the work of excerpting and comparing audit basic data by auditors and improve audit efficiency.
为了达到上述目的，本发明通过以下技术方案实现：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention realizes through the following technical solutions:
一种数字化审计工具，包括：文件上传模块、数据解析模块和数据分析模块。A digital audit tool includes: a file upload module, a data analysis module and a data analysis module.
所述文件上传模块与数据库连接，所述文件上传模块用于上传文件并存储至所述数据库。The file uploading module is connected to the database, and the file uploading module is used for uploading files and storing them in the database.
所述数据解析模块与所述数据库连接，所述数据解析模块用于提取所述文件的审计基础数据并存储至所述数据库。The data parsing module is connected to the database, and the data parsing module is configured to extract the audit basic data of the file and store it in the database.
所述数据分析模块与所述数据库连接，所述数据分析模块用于根据预设审计规则对所述审计基础数据进行分析。The data analysis module is connected to the database, and the data analysis module is configured to analyze the basic audit data according to preset audit rules.
优选地，所述文件上传模块中的所述文件以项目名称进行命名并打包上传，且所述文件以预设结构进行存储。Preferably, the files in the file uploading module are named with project names, packaged and uploaded, and the files are stored in a preset structure.
优选地，所述预设结构根据项目阶段进行设置。Preferably, the preset structure is set according to the project phase.
优选地，所述数据解析模块根据需要的审计基础数据类型，对所述文件进行解析，且满足下列条件：若所述数据解析模块识别出所述文件中包含所述审计基础数据类型的文本，则将包含所述审计基础数据类型的文本作为所述审计基础数据进行提取并存储至所述数据库。Preferably, the data parsing module parses the file according to the required audit basic data type, and the following conditions are met: if the data parsing module identifies that the file contains the text of the audit basic data type, Then, the text containing the audit basic data type is extracted as the audit basic data and stored in the database.
优选地，所述审计基础数据类型根据项目审计内容涉及类型进行设置。Preferably, the audit basic data type is set according to the type involved in the project audit content.
优选地，所述数据解析模块通过光学字符识别技术对所述文件进行解析。Preferably, the data parsing module parses the file through optical character recognition technology.
优选地，所述数据解析模块还用于将无法提取的所述审计基础数据以手工方式进行补录。Preferably, the data analysis module is further configured to manually supplement the basic audit data that cannot be extracted.
优选地，所述数据分析模块对所述审计基础数据和所述预设审计规则进行对比分析，以判断所述审计基础数据是否符合所述预设审计规则，且满足下列条件：若所述审计基础数据不符合所述预设审计规则，所述数据分析模块进行错误提示。Preferably, the data analysis module compares and analyzes the audit basic data and the preset audit rules to determine whether the audit basic data complies with the preset audit rules and meets the following conditions: If the basic data does not conform to the preset audit rules, the data analysis module will prompt an error.
优选地，每一所述审计基础数据与每一所述预设审计规则一一对应。Preferably, each of the audit basic data is in one-to-one correspondence with each of the preset audit rules.
另一方面，本发明还提供一种数字化审计方法，包括：On the other hand, the present invention also provides a digital auditing method, comprising:
将文件打包上传，并以预设结构进行存储；Pack and upload files and store them in a preset structure;
提取所述文件的审计基础数据；extract the audit base data of the said file;
对于无法提取的所述审计基础数据进行手工补录；Manually supplement the basic audit data that cannot be extracted;
根据预设审计规则对所述审计基础数据进行分析。The basic audit data is analyzed according to preset audit rules.
本发明与现有技术相比至少具有以下优点之一：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following advantages:
本发明提供一种数字化审计工具及方法，可以对上传的文件进行解析，并提取文件中的审计基础数据，从而大幅度地减少审计人员通过翻阅文件摘录审计基础数据的工作，有效地释放了人力，并提高了审计效率。The invention provides a digital audit tool and method, which can parse the uploaded file and extract the audit basic data in the file, thereby greatly reducing the work of the auditors to extract the audit basic data by reading the file, and effectively releasing the manpower , and improve audit efficiency.
本发明可以将上传的文件以预设结构存放，提高对文件解析的速度，从而提高审计效率。The present invention can store the uploaded files in a preset structure, thereby improving the speed of parsing the files, thereby improving the auditing efficiency.
本发明可以对未识别出的审计基础数据进行人工补录，提高审计结果的准确度和精确度，具备可操作性。The present invention can manually supplement and record unrecognized audit basic data, improve the accuracy and precision of audit results, and has operability.
本发明可以根据审计规则对审计基础数据进行对比分析，并对不符合预设审计规则的审计基础数据进行错误提示，大幅度地减少了审计人员数据比对工作，进而提高审计效率。The invention can compare and analyze the audit basic data according to the audit rules, and give an error prompt to the audit basic data that does not conform to the preset audit rules, thereby greatly reducing the data comparison work of the auditors, thereby improving the audit efficiency.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明一实施例提供的一种数字化审计工具的操作流程图；FIG. 1 is an operation flowchart of a digital audit tool provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明一实施例提供的一种数字化审计工具的预设结构示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of a preset structure of a digital audit tool provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明一实施例提供的一种数字化审计工具的光学字符识别技术的方法流程图；3 is a flowchart of a method for an optical character recognition technology of a digital audit tool provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明一实施例提供的一种数字化审计方法的流程图。FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a digital auditing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明提出的一种数字化审计工具及方法作进一步详细说明。根据下面说明，本发明的优点和特征将更清楚。需要说明的是，附图采用非常简化的形式且均使用非精准的比例，仅用以方便、明晰地辅助说明本发明实施方式的目的。为了使本发明的目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，请参阅附图。须知，本说明书所附图式所绘示的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明实施的限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容能涵盖的范围内。A digital auditing tool and method proposed by the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are in a very simplified form and all use inaccurate scales, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist the purpose of explaining the embodiments of the present invention. For the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention to be more clearly understood, please refer to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings in this specification are only used to cooperate with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those who are familiar with the technology, and are not used to limit the implementation of the present invention. Therefore, it does not have technical substantive significance, and any modification of structure, change of proportional relationship or adjustment of size should still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the effect that the present invention can produce and the purpose that can be achieved. The scope of the disclosed technical content can be covered.
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any relationship between these entities or operations. any such actual relationship or sequence exists. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof are intended to encompass a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or device that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes not explicitly listed or other elements inherent to such a process, method, article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element qualified by the phrase "comprising a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that includes the element.
结合附图1～3所示，本实施例提供的一种数字化审计工具，包括：文件上传模块100、数据解析模块110和数据分析模块120。As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , a digital audit tool provided by this embodiment includes: a
所述文件上传模块100与数据库连接，所述文件上传模块100用于上传文件并存储至所述数据库。所述数据解析模块110与所述数据库连接，所述数据解析模块110用于提取所述文件的审计基础数据并存储至所述数据库。所述数据分析模块120与所述数据库连接，所述数据分析模块120用于根据预设审计规则对所述审计基础数据进行分析。The
请同时参考图1和图2，所述文件上传模块100中的所述文件以项目名称进行命名并打包上传，且所述文件以预设结构进行存储。Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 at the same time, the files in the
可以理解的是，在一些其他的实施例中，所述预设结构根据项目阶段进行设置。It can be understood that in some other embodiments, the preset structure is set according to the project stage.
具体的，根据工程建设项目所涉及的阶段，所述预设结构可以设置八个一级文件夹，名称分别为：可研批复、初设批复、核准、中标通知书、合同、开竣工报告、施工结算和决算；其中一级文件夹中标通知书下设有设计中标通知书、施工中标通知书和监理中标通知书三个二级文件夹，一级文件夹合同下设有设计合同、施工合同和监理合同三个二级文件夹，一级文件夹施工结算下设有电气施工结算和土建施工结算两个二级文件夹；而二级文件夹施工中标通知书又设有电气中标通知书和土建中标通知书两个三级文件夹，二级文件夹施工合同设有电气施工合同和土建两个施工合同三级文件夹，但本发明不以此为限。Specifically, according to the stages involved in the construction project, eight first-level folders can be set up in the preset structure, the names are: feasibility study approval, preliminary design approval, approval, notification of winning bid, contract, start and completion report, Construction settlement and final accounts; among them, there are three second-level folders under the first-level folder for the bid-winning notice, the design bid-winning notice, the construction bid-winning notice and the supervision bid-winning notice, and the first-level folder for the contract includes the design contract and the construction contract There are three second-level folders for supervision contracts and the first-level folder for construction settlement. There are two second-level folders for electrical construction settlement and civil construction settlement under the first-level folder. There are two third-level folders for the civil construction bid winning notice, and two third-level folders for the second-level construction contract. There are two third-level folders for the electrical construction contract and the civil construction contract, but the present invention is not limited to this.
具体的，所述文件可以包括Word文档、Excel文档和PDF文档等中的一种或几种，各文档的数量可以为若干个；在上传所述文件时可以将所述文件以项目包的方式进行打包压缩，并上传至所述预设结构设置的各级文件夹中存放，以便于后续对所述文件进行解析，但本发明不以此为限。Specifically, the files may include one or more of Word documents, Excel documents, PDF documents, etc., and the number of each document may be several; when uploading the files, the files may be packaged as a project It is packaged and compressed, and uploaded to the folders at all levels set by the preset structure for storage, so as to facilitate subsequent parsing of the file, but the present invention is not limited to this.
请同时参考图1和图3，所述数据解析模块110根据需要的审计基础数据类型，对所述文件进行解析，且满足下列条件：若所述数据解析模块110识别出所述文件中包含所述审计基础数据类型的文本，则将包含所述审计基础数据类型的文本作为所述审计基础数据进行提取并存储至所述数据库。Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 at the same time, the
可以理解的是，在一些其他实施例中，所述审计基础数据类型根据项目审计内容涉及类型进行设置。It can be understood that, in some other embodiments, the basic audit data type is set according to the type involved in the audit content of the project.
具体的，根据工程建设项目需要审计的内容，所述审计基础数据类型可以包括日期类、金额类和文号类等；所述审计基础数据可以包括：项目包包名，项目名称，可研批复时间、可研批复金额和可研批复文号，初设批复时间、初设批复金额和初设批复文号，核准时间和核准文号，中标通知书中标时间、中标金额和中标单位，合同签订时间和合同金额，开竣工时间，施工结算时间、施工结算金额(包括送审价和确认价)，决算时间、总投资、增值税以及节/超概比率，但本发明不以此为限。Specifically, according to the content to be audited for the construction project, the basic audit data types may include date, amount, and document number, etc.; the basic audit data may include: project package name, project name, and feasibility study approval time , Feasibility study approval amount and feasibility study approval document number, initial approval time, initial approval amount and initial approval document number, approval time and approval document number, bid time, bid amount and bid winning unit in the bid winning notice, and contract signing time and contract amount, start and finish time, construction settlement time, construction settlement amount (including the price submitted for review and confirmation price), final settlement time, total investment, value-added tax, and savings/over-probability ratio, but the present invention is not limited to this.
在本实施例中，根据项目名称从所述预设结构设置的文件夹中选取对应的项目包；根据项目需要的所述审计基础数据类型(例如日期类)，在所述数据解析模块110中以行解析的模式对所述项目包中的所述文件进行解析；如果所述数据解析模块110识别出所述文件中包含日期的文本，则提取包含日期的文本并作为所述审计基础数据存储至所述数据库。更具体的，利用所述数据解析模块110提取所述审计基础数据的具体执行过程的伪代码如下所示：In this embodiment, the corresponding project package is selected from the folder set in the preset structure according to the project name; according to the basic audit data type (for example, date type) required by the project, in the
将上传的文件使用以行解析的模式调用光学字符识别本地化解析命令；Use the uploaded file to use the line parsing mode to call the optical character recognition localization parsing command;
String text＝将返回的提取结果进行UTF-8编码；String text=Encode the returned extraction result in UTF-8;
循环遍历需要的审计基础数据类型，例如日期类：Loop through the required audit base data types, such as the date class:
{if(如果识别出当前文件中包含的文本文字){将提取的文本文字放入UTF-8编码后的字符串的集合}}。{if (if the text contained in the current file is recognized){Put the extracted text into a collection of UTF-8 encoded strings}}.
请继续参考图3，所述数据解析模块110通过光学字符识别技术对所述文件进行解析。Please continue to refer to FIG. 3 , the
具体的，在本实施例中，所述数据解析模块110采用Tesseract OCR光学字符识别技术对所述文件进行解析并提取所述审计基础数据；Tesseract OCR技术能够对多种语言进行识别，并且对中文的识别精准度较高，可以满足所述数据解析模块110对所述审计基础数据提取精度的要求，但本发明不以此为限。Specifically, in this embodiment, the
更具体的，Tesseract OCR技术包括：对所述文件进行连通区域分析，以获取字符区域及字符轮廓，且所述字符区域集成为块区域；根据所述块区域和所述字符轮廓找到所述文件的文本行；通过查找空格并分割的方法识别出所述文本行中的单词；采用自适应分类器，依次对每个所述单词进行分析，并将满足条件的单词作为训练样本，以使后面字符的识别更加准确；识别含糊不清的空格(例如单个空格、多个空格、全角半角空格)以及小写字母，从而完成对所述文件中包含所述审计基础数据文本的识别并对其进行提取。More specifically, the Tesseract OCR technology includes: performing a connected area analysis on the file to obtain a character area and a character outline, and the character area is integrated into a block area; finding the file according to the block area and the character outline. the text line; identify the words in the text line by finding spaces and dividing; using an adaptive classifier, analyze each of the words in turn, and use the words that meet the conditions as training samples, so that the following Character recognition is more accurate; ambiguous spaces (such as single space, multiple spaces, full-width and half-width spaces) and lowercase letters are recognized, thereby completing the identification and extraction of the text contained in the audit base data in the file .
请继续参考图1，在一些其他实施例中，所述数据解析模块110还用于将无法提取的所述审计基础数据以手工方式进行补录。Please continue to refer to FIG. 1 , in some other embodiments, the
具体的，在本实施例中，针对由于所述文件未填写某一所述审计基础数据或填写不规范，以及其他原因造成的所述数据解析模块110无法提取某一所述审计基础数据的情况，可以通过手工的方式对某一所述审计基础数据进行补录并存储至所述数据库。Specifically, in this embodiment, the
请继续参考图1，所述数据分析模块120对所述审计基础数据和所述预设审计规则进行对比分析，以判断所述审计基础数据是否符合所述预设审计规则，且满足下列条件：若所述审计基础数据不符合所述预设审计规则，所述数据分析模块120进行错误提示。Please continue to refer to FIG. 1 , the
可以理解的是，在一些其他实施例中，每一所述审计基础数据与每一所述预设审计规则一一对应。It can be understood that, in some other embodiments, each of the audit basic data corresponds to each of the preset audit rules in a one-to-one manner.
具体的，在本实施例中，以所述审计基础数据中的合同签订时间为例，其对应的预设合同签订时间审计规则为合同签订时间要在中标时间后的30天内，即中标时间＜合同签订时间＜中标时间后的30天；若所述数据分析模块120得到的对比结果为所述审计基础数据中的合同签订时间大于中标时间后的30天，即合同签订时间未在中标时间后的30天内，则表示所述审计基础数据中的合同签订时间不符合预设合同签订时间审计规则，此时所述数据分析模块120在对比结果处提示错误，以提醒项目审计人员，但本发明不以此为限。Specifically, in this embodiment, taking the contract signing time in the audit basic data as an example, the corresponding preset contract signing time audit rule is that the contract signing time should be within 30 days after the winning time, that is, the winning time < Contract signing time < 30 days after winning the bid; if the comparison result obtained by the
结合附图4所示，基于同一发明构思，本实施例还提供一种数字化审计方法，包括：步骤S1、将文件打包上传，并以预设结构进行存储；步骤S2、提取所述文件的审计基础数据；步骤S3、对于无法提取的所述审计基础数据进行手工补录；步骤S4、根据预设审计规则对所述审计基础数据进行分析。As shown in FIG. 4 , based on the same inventive concept, this embodiment also provides a digital auditing method, which includes: step S1 , uploading files in a package, and storing them in a preset structure; step S2 , extracting the auditing of the files basic data; step S3, manually supplementing the audit basic data that cannot be extracted; step S4, analyzing the audit basic data according to preset audit rules.
具体的，在本实施例的步骤S1中，所述文件以项目名称进行命名，并以项目包的方式打包压缩后上传且存放至所述预设结构设置的各级文件夹中，以便于后续对所述文件进行数据提取。Specifically, in step S1 of this embodiment, the file is named after the project name, and is packaged and compressed in the form of a project package, uploaded and stored in the folders at all levels set by the preset structure, so as to facilitate subsequent Data extraction is performed on the file.
步骤S2中，根据项目审计需要的审计基础数据类型，通过Tesseract OCR技术提取所述文件中包含所述审计基础数据类型的文本并将其作为所述审计基础数据，但本发明不以此为限。In step S2, according to the audit basic data type required by the project audit, the text containing the audit basic data type in the file is extracted by Tesseract OCR technology and used as the audit basic data, but the present invention is not limited to this. .
步骤S3中，出现因所述文件未填写某一所述审计基础数据或填写不规范，以及其他原因造成的无法提取某一所述审计基础数据的情况时，可以对某一所述审计基础数据进行手工补录，以使所述审计基础数据完整完备。In step S3, when there is a situation that a certain basic audit data cannot be extracted because the document is not filled with a certain basic audit data or is filled in irregularly, or due to other reasons, a certain basic audit data can be retrieved. Manual supplementary recording is performed to make the basic audit data complete and complete.
步骤S4中，将所述审计基础数据与所述预设审计规则进行对比分析，以判断所述审计基础数据是否符合所述预设审计规则，并对不符合所述预设审计规则的所述审计基础数据在分析结果中进行错误提示，以提醒审计人员。In step S4, the basic audit data and the preset audit rules are compared and analyzed to determine whether the basic audit data complies with the preset audit rules, and the audit basic data does not meet the preset audit rules. The basic data of the audit is incorrectly prompted in the analysis results to remind the auditors.
综上所述，本实施例提供的一种数字化审计工具及方法，可以将工程建设项目的文件进行上传并以预设结构存放；对上传的文件进行解析，从而识别出文件中的审计基础数据并对其进行提取；随后将从文件中提取到的审计基础数据与预设审计规则进行对比分析，并对不符合预设审计规则的审计基础数据进行错误提示。数字化审计工具及方法的应用可以大幅度地减少审计人员通过翻阅文件对审计基础数据进行摘录比对的工作，既能有效地释放人力，又能明显提高审计效率。To sum up, a digital auditing tool and method provided by this embodiment can upload the files of engineering construction projects and store them in a preset structure; analyze the uploaded files, so as to identify the basic audit data in the files Then, the audit basic data extracted from the file and the preset audit rules are compared and analyzed, and an error prompt is given to the audit basic data that does not conform to the preset audit rules. The application of digital audit tools and methods can greatly reduce the work of auditors to extract and compare audit basic data by reading documents, which can not only effectively release manpower, but also significantly improve audit efficiency.
尽管本发明的内容已经通过上述优选实施例作了详细介绍，但应当认识到上述的描述不应被认为是对本发明的限制。在本领域技术人员阅读了上述内容后，对于本发明的多种修改和替代都将是显而易见的。因此，本发明的保护范围应由所附的权利要求来限定。While the content of the present invention has been described in detail by way of the above preferred embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above description should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Various modifications and alternatives to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.
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