CN111810515A - Spherical combined anti-loose washer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a spherical combined anti-loosening gasket, which comprises a first gasket and a second gasket which are of butterfly structures, wherein meshing sawteeth are respectively arranged on the upper surface of the second gasket and the lower surface of the first gasket, the upper surface of the first gasket and the lower surface of the second gasket are mutually staggered and meshed through the meshing sawteeth, the meshing sawteeth are spirally and radially distributed along a meshing surface, so that stress weak points of the first gasket and the second gasket are staggered and distributed, the stress weak points are the meshing positions of tooth tops/tooth bottoms of the meshing sawteeth of the first gasket and the second gasket and tooth bottoms/tooth tops of the corresponding meshing sawteeth of the second gasket, and the tensile stress concentration points are radially distributed along the first gasket and the second gasket. The invention utilizes the design of the non-radial distributed saw teeth to lead the weak points of the saw teeth to be staggered with the stress concentration points, thereby avoiding the tearing of the saw teeth and further prolonging the service life of the structure. In addition, the first gasket and the second gasket are both spherical structures, and can provide larger axial elastic force compared with the traditional conical gasket.

Description

Spherical combined anti-loose washer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of mechanical fastening, in particular to a spherical combined anti-loose washer.

Background

The check washer generally comprises an upper washer and a lower washer with conical surfaces, the lower surface of the upper washer is meshed with the upper surface of the lower washer through meshing sawteeth, when the bolt is installed, the bolt and a supporting surface extrude the check washer to flatten the conical surfaces of the check washer, and the elasticity generated by the check washer compensates the pretightening force of the bolt, so that the check effect is achieved. However, because the tooth bottom of the sawtooth is a weak point of stress, and in the traditional anti-loosening gasket, the meshed sawtooth is arranged along the direction of the generatrix of the conical surface, so that a stress concentration point between the upper gasket and the lower gasket is superposed with the weak point of stress, and the sawtooth is easily torn at the tooth bottom of the sawtooth in the screwing process, thereby reducing the service life and influencing the compensation performance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a spherical combined anti-loose washer, which utilizes a spiral sawtooth design to ensure that a sawtooth weak point and a stress concentration point are staggered and avoid sawtooth tearing, thereby prolonging the service life of the structure and ensuring the stable and reliable compensation performance of the structure.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a spherical combined anti-loose washer comprises a first washer and a second washer which are of butterfly structures, wherein meshing sawteeth are respectively arranged on the upper surface of the second washer and the lower surface of the first washer, the upper surface of the first washer and the lower surface of the second washer are meshed with each other in a staggered mode through the meshing sawteeth, the upper surface of the first washer and the upper surface of the second washer are both convex spherical surfaces, and the lower surface of the first washer and the lower surface of the second washer are both concave spherical surfaces; the meshing sawteeth are spirally and radially distributed along the meshing surface, so that stress weak points and tensile stress concentration points of the first gasket and the second gasket are distributed in a staggered mode, the stress weak points are the meshing positions of tooth tops/tooth bottoms of the meshing sawteeth of the first gasket and the tooth bottoms/tooth tops of the corresponding meshing sawteeth of the second gasket, and the tensile stress concentration points are distributed along the radial direction of the first gasket and the second gasket.

After this scheme of use combination lock washer screws up the bolt, the bolt is with holding surface extrusion lock washer with it flattens, the pretightning force that the elasticity that lock washer produced can the compensation bolt to play locking effect. In the locking, the second packing ring still can produce the tensile stress along the radial distribution of packing ring to first packing ring, but because the meshing sawtooth is the heliciform and distributes, the weak point of meshing sawtooth also is the heliciform and distributes, and the ingenious dislocation of weak point and stress concentration point can avoid the sawtooth to tear to improve the life of structure, guarantee its compensation performance reliable and stable.

This scheme of adoption spherical surface structure, lock washer is under the state of flattening, for traditional taper washer, can provide bigger axial elasticity, and compensation performance is more outstanding, has wider application range.

In a preferable embodiment of the present invention, neither the convex spherical surface nor the concave spherical surface exceeds 1/6 of the spherical surface.

As an optimal scheme of this scheme, the upper surface of first packing ring and the lower surface distribution of second packing ring are equipped with locking sawtooth, and first packing ring upper surface passes through locking sawtooth and bolt laminating, and second packing ring lower surface passes through locking sawtooth and holding surface laminating, and the heliciform distribution is personally submitted along the laminating to locking sawtooth.

As a preferable scheme of the scheme, the anti-loose sawteeth and the meshing sawteeth are stepped teeth.

By adopting the step tooth structure, in the screwing process, the first gasket and the second gasket slide relatively on the meshing surface in a one-way mode, so that the screwing is more labor-saving and convenient. After tightening, relative rotation between the upper ring and the screw part and between the lower ring and the support part does not occur, but only on the engagement surface. When the bolt is not hard up after screwing up, need drive first packing ring and rotate along the relative second packing ring of glide plane, at this moment, bolt and holding surface can produce extra axial deformation and corresponding axial internal force, prevent that the bolt from further becoming flexible.

As an alternative of the present solution, the meshing saw teeth may be replaced by a zigzag saw tooth structure.

As an alternative of the present solution, the meshing saw teeth may be replaced by an S-shaped saw tooth structure.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the combined anti-loose washer disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the design of the non-radially distributed sawteeth is utilized, the stress weak points and the tensile stress concentration points of the sawteeth are staggered, and the tearing of the sawteeth is avoided, so that the service life of the structure is prolonged, and the stable and reliable compensation performance of the combined anti-loose washer is ensured.

2. According to the invention, the saw teeth are improved into the stepped tooth structure, and the first gasket and the second gasket slide relatively on the meshing surface in a one-way manner in the screwing process, so that the screwing is more labor-saving and convenient. When the bolt is loosened after being screwed, the first gasket is required to be driven to rotate relative to the second gasket along the sliding surface, and at the moment, the bolt and the supporting surface can generate extra axial deformation and corresponding axial internal force to prevent the bolt from further loosening.

3. The first washer and the second washer are both in spherical structures, and in a flattening state, compared with the traditional conical washer, the first washer and the second washer can provide larger axial elasticity, have excellent compensation performance and can reduce the possibility of bolt loosening.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of the first gasket;

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the first washer;

FIG. 4 is a graph of tensile stress distribution;

fig. 5 is a bottom view of the second gasket.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a spherical combined anti-loose washer comprises afirst washer 1 and asecond washer 2 of a butterfly structure, wherein engagingsawteeth 3 are respectively arranged on the upper surface of thesecond washer 2 and the lower surface of thefirst washer 1, and the upper surface of thefirst washer 1 and the lower surface of thesecond washer 2 are engaged with each other in a staggered manner through theengaging sawteeth 3.

The upper surface of thefirst gasket 1 and the upper surface of thesecond gasket 2 are both convex spherical surfaces, the lower surface of thefirst gasket 1 and the lower surface of thesecond gasket 2 are both concave spherical surfaces, and the convex spherical surfaces and the concave spherical surfaces do not exceed 1/6 of the spherical surfaces.

As is well known, the check washer, after being pressed flat by the bolt and the support surface, generates axial elastic force and axial elastic force on the bolt to compensate the reduction of the axial force, so that the bolt cannot be loosened. On this basis, adopt this scheme spherical structure, lock washer is under the state of flattening, for traditional taper washer, can provide bigger axial elasticity, and compensation performance is outstanding, has wider application range. The compensation performance of the lock washer of the present embodiment is analyzed by experiments as follows.

Taking the conical-section washer of 17X40X3X5 and the lock washer of the embodiment as an example, the axial force of the washer on the bearing surface during flattening is shown in the following table by using finite element analysis:

gasket ring	Axial force (N)
		Gasket with taper section (17X 40X3X 5)	4.52×104
The invention check washer (17X 40X3X 5)	1.48×105

Therefore, the anti-loosening gasket adopting the spherical structure has larger axial force on the supporting surface and the bolt, and can provide larger axial elasticity, the compensation performance is more excellent and the application range is wider compared with the traditional conical gasket.

Themeshing sawteeth 3 are spirally and radially distributed along the meshing surface, so that stress weak points and tensile stress concentration points of thefirst gasket 1 and thesecond gasket 2 are distributed in a staggered mode, the stress weak points are the meshing positions of the tooth tops/tooth bottoms of the meshing sawteeth of thefirst gasket 1 and the tooth bottoms/tooth tops of the corresponding meshing sawteeth of thesecond gasket 2, and the tensile stress concentration points are radially distributed along thefirst gasket 1 and thesecond gasket 2.

After this scheme of use combination lock washer screws up the bolt, the bolt is with holding surface extrusion lock washer with it flattens, the pretightning force that the elasticity that lock washer produced can the compensation bolt to play locking effect. In the locking, can produce the tensile stress along the radial distribution of packing ring between second packing ring, first packing ring, but because the meshing sawtooth is the heliciform and distributes for the atress weak point of meshing sawtooth also is the heliciform and distributes, and the dislocation that the atress weak point is ingenious with the tensile stress concentration point can avoid the sawtooth to tear, thereby improves the life of structure, guarantees its compensation performance reliable and stable.

The upper surface offirst packing ring 1 and the lower surface distribution ofsecond packing ring 2 are equipped withlocking sawtooth 4, and 1 upper surface of first packing ring is throughlocking sawtooth 4 and bolt laminating, and 2 lower surfaces of second packing ring are throughlocking sawtooth 4 and the laminating of holding surface, and lockingsawtooth 4 personally submits the heliciform along the laminating and distributes.

Theanti-loose sawteeth 4 and themeshing sawteeth 3 are stepped teeth.

When the bolt is screwed down by using the combined anti-loose washer in the embodiment, the first washer and the second washer slide relatively on the meshing surface in a one-way mode in the screwing process, so that the screwing is more labor-saving and convenient. After tightening, relative rotation between the upper ring and the screw part and between the lower ring and the support part does not occur, but only on the engagement surface. When the bolt is not hard up after screwing up, need drive first packing ring and rotate along the relative second packing ring of glide plane, at this moment, bolt and holding surface can produce extra axial deformation and corresponding axial internal force, prevent that the bolt from further becoming flexible.

Example 2

On the basis of the above embodiment, theengaging sawteeth 3 and theanti-loose sawteeth 4 can be replaced by a zigzag sawteeth structure, an S-shaped sawteeth structure or other sawteeth structures which are not arranged along the bus direction of the gasket.

The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A spherical combined anti-loose washer comprises a first washer and a second washer which are of butterfly structures, wherein meshing sawteeth are respectively arranged on the upper surface of the second washer and the lower surface of the first washer, and the upper surface of the first washer and the lower surface of the second washer are mutually staggered and meshed through the meshing sawteeth; the meshing sawteeth are spirally and radially distributed along the meshing surface, so that stress weak points and tensile stress concentration points of the first gasket and the second gasket are distributed in a staggered mode, the stress weak points are the meshing positions of tooth tops/tooth bottoms of the meshing sawteeth of the first gasket and the tooth bottoms/tooth tops of the corresponding meshing sawteeth of the second gasket, and the tensile stress concentration points are distributed along the radial direction of the first gasket and the second gasket.

2. The spherical composite lock washer according to claim 1, wherein the convex spherical surface and the concave spherical surface do not exceed 1/6 of the spherical surface.

3. The spherical combined anti-loose washer according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the first washer and the lower surface of the second washer are provided with anti-loose serrations, the upper surface of the first washer is attached to the bolt via the anti-loose serrations, the lower surface of the second washer is attached to the support surface via the anti-loose serrations, and the anti-loose serrations are spirally distributed along the attachment surface.

4. The spherical composite lock washer according to claim 3, wherein the locking serrations and the engaging serrations are stepped serrations.

5. The spherical composite lock washer according to claim 1, wherein the engaging serrations are further replaced with a zigzag serration structure.

6. The spherical composite lock washer according to claim 1, wherein the engaging serrations are further replaced with S-shaped serrations.

Images