CN111759400A

Movatterモバイル変換

Info

Publication number: CN111759400A
Application number: CN202010659318.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王安; 李东恩; 谢尚奋; 杨亮; 姜建帅
Original assignee: Ningbo First Hospital
Current assignee: Ningbo First Hospital
Priority date: 2020-06-22
Filing date: 2020-07-09
Publication date: 2020-10-13
Also published as: CN213189930U

Abstract

The invention discloses a biliary tract calculus removing hook, belonging to the technical field of medical appliances, comprising a catheter, wherein the head end of the catheter is provided with an opening; the guide wire is arranged in the catheter, and the head end of the guide wire extends out from the opening; the stone taking part is fixed on the guide wire and positioned outside the guide wire, when the guide wire is tensioned inwards, the stone taking part is bent towards one side and forms a hook shape, and when the guide wire is pushed outwards, the stone taking part is arranged linearly. According to the invention, the stone taking part is arranged at the head end of the guide wire, is linearly arranged in the original state, can extend into the biliary tract, bypasses the stone from the side edge of the stone and continuously extends inwards, and at the moment, the guide wire is tensioned inwards, so that the stone taking part can be bent towards the same side to form a hook shape, and the stone is hooked and pulled outwards.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种胆道取石钩A biliary stone hook

技术领域technical field

本发明属于医疗器械技术领域，具体涉及一种胆道取石钩。The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a biliary stone extraction hook.

背景技术Background technique

现有技术中，从胆道中取出结石可以采用两种方式。In the prior art, there are two ways to remove stones from the bile duct.

一种方式是使用取石网篮将胆道内结石取出，但使用网篮取石的失败率高，而碰到较大结石时，或是当结石位于胆囊颈部区域等狭小空间内，网篮将无法有效张开，并且即使张开了，网篮常常也无法将较大结石进行捕捉。One way is to use the stone extraction basket to remove the stones in the bile duct, but the failure rate of using the basket to remove the stone is high, and when the stone is larger, or when the stone is located in a narrow space such as the gallbladder neck area, the basket will not be able to. Open effectively, and even when open, the basket often fails to capture larger stones.

另一种方式是使用取石钳伸入胆道内夹取结石，取石钳是带有弧度的无齿钳，钳子头部中空方形，但是需要完全凭感觉取石，不容易取到结石，并很容易将石头夹碎，此外钳子头部比较大、钝，无法深入胆道远端取石。Another way is to use stone extraction forceps to extend into the bile duct to pick up stones. Stone extraction forceps are toothless forceps with a curvature. The head of the forceps is hollow and square. The stone was crushed, and the head of the forceps was relatively large and blunt, which could not penetrate the distal end of the biliary tract to remove the stone.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的是针对现有的技术存在上述问题，提出了一种可有效取出胆管内较大结石的胆管取石钩。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems in the existing technology, and propose a bile duct stone extraction hook that can effectively remove large stones in the bile duct.

本发明的目的可通过下列技术方案来实现：The object of the present invention can be realized through the following technical solutions:

一种胆道取石钩，包括:A biliary stone extraction hook, comprising:

导管，其首端设置为开口；A conduit, the head end of which is set as an opening;

导丝，其设置在所述导管内部，所述导丝的首端从所述开口处向外延伸而出；a guide wire, which is arranged inside the catheter, and the head end of the guide wire extends outward from the opening;

取石部，其固定在所述导丝上并位于所述导管外，当向内拉紧所述导丝时，取石部向一侧弯曲并形成钩状，当向外推出所述导丝时，取石部呈直线设置。The stone extraction part is fixed on the guide wire and is located outside the catheter, when the guide wire is pulled inward, the stone extraction part is bent to one side and forms a hook shape, and when the guide wire is pushed out, The stone taking part is arranged in a straight line.

作为本发明的进一步改进，所述取石部包括前导块、后导块以及多个中间导块，当所述取石部呈直线设置时，相邻的导块之间留有距离。As a further improvement of the present invention, the stone extraction part includes a front guide block, a rear guide block and a plurality of intermediate guide blocks, and when the stone extraction part is arranged in a straight line, a distance is left between adjacent guide blocks.

作为本发明的进一步改进，所述导丝的首端固定在前导块内，所述前导块作为伸入端，其头部设置为圆形。As a further improvement of the present invention, the head end of the guide wire is fixed in the leading block, the leading block is used as the extending end, and the head of the guide wire is set to be circular.

作为本发明的进一步改进，所述后导块靠近所述开口，且后导块与所述开口之间的接触面水平设置。As a further improvement of the present invention, the rear guide block is close to the opening, and the contact surface between the rear guide block and the opening is arranged horizontally.

作为本发明的进一步改进，多个所述中间导块的前端面与后端面分别设置为斜面，且前端面的倾斜程度大于后端面的倾斜程度。As a further improvement of the present invention, the front end surface and the rear end surface of the plurality of intermediate guide blocks are respectively set as inclined surfaces, and the inclination degree of the front end surface is greater than the inclination degree of the rear end surface.

作为本发明的进一步改进，所述取石部包括主导块，当所述主导块与所述导管处于同一直线上时，所述主导块与所述导管之间留有距离。As a further improvement of the present invention, the stone extraction part includes a main block, and when the main block and the catheter are on the same straight line, there is a distance between the main block and the catheter.

作为本发明的进一步改进，所述主导块的前端面设置为曲面，所述主导块的后端面设置为斜面，所述导管的开口处设置为斜面，且导管开口处斜面的倾斜程度大于主导块后端面斜面的倾斜程度。As a further improvement of the present invention, the front end surface of the leading block is set as a curved surface, the rear end surface of the leading block is set as an inclined surface, the opening of the conduit is set as an inclined surface, and the inclination degree of the inclined surface at the opening of the conduit is larger than that of the leading block The degree of inclination of the rear end face slope.

作为本发明的进一步改进，所述导丝的尾端连接有调节杆。As a further improvement of the present invention, an adjusting rod is connected to the tail end of the guide wire.

作为本发明的进一步改进，所述导管的尾端连接有连接柄，所述调节杆首端伸入所述连接柄内并通过螺纹连接。As a further improvement of the present invention, the tail end of the conduit is connected with a connecting handle, and the head end of the adjusting rod extends into the connecting handle and is connected by threads.

作为本发明的进一步改进，所述调节杆尾端设有旋块。As a further improvement of the present invention, a rotating block is provided at the tail end of the adjusting rod.

与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

本发明通过在导丝的首端设置取石部，原始状态下的取石部与导丝处于同一直线上，当胆道镜伸入胆道并寻找到结石后，本发明从胆道镜内伸入，直至结石所在处，并从侧边绕过结石继续向胆道内伸入，此时通过旋转调节杆尾端的旋块，调节杆向后拉动导丝，取石部可在拉动下向同一方向弯曲，并形成钩状，此时取石部与导丝边成为了取石钩，该取石钩从结石后部将其勾住，向外拉动便可取出结石，完成取石后，再反向旋转调节杆尾端的旋块，导丝以及取石部即可复位，整个取石过程简单易操作，无需先将结石击碎再将碎石一一取出，提高了效率，也降低了患者的痛苦。In the present invention, a stone extraction part is arranged at the head end of the guide wire, and the stone extraction part in the original state is on the same line as the guide wire. At this time, by rotating the rotary block at the end of the adjustment rod, the adjustment rod pulls the guide wire backward, and the stone extraction part can be bent in the same direction under the pulling and form a hook At this time, the stone extraction part and the edge of the guide wire become the stone extraction hook. The stone extraction hook is hooked from the back of the stone, and the stone can be taken out by pulling it outward. The guide wire and the stone extraction part can be reset, and the whole stone extraction process is simple and easy to operate. It is not necessary to crush the stones first and then take out the crushed stones one by one, which improves the efficiency and reduces the pain of the patients.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明实施例一的取石部呈直线设置时的剖视图；Fig. 1 is the sectional view when the stone extraction part of the first embodiment of the present invention is arranged in a straight line;

图2是本发明实施例一的取石部呈钩状时的剖视图；Fig. 2 is the sectional view when the stone extraction part of the first embodiment of the present invention is hooked;

图3是本发明实施例一的取石部进入胆道内取结石时的部分结构示意图；Fig. 3 is the partial structural representation when the stone extraction part of the embodiment one of the present invention enters the bile duct to take the stone;

图4是本发明实施例二的主导块进入胆道内取结石时的部分结构示意图。FIG. 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the main block entering the bile duct to take stones according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

图中，100、导管；101、开口；110、导丝；120、取石部；121、前导块；122、后导块；123、中间导块；124、主导块；130、调节杆；140、连接柄；150、旋块。In the figure, 100, catheter; 101, opening; 110, guide wire; 120, stone extraction part; 121, leading block; 122, rear guide block; 123, middle guide block; 124, main block; 130, adjusting rod; 140, Connection handle; 150, rotary block.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下是本发明的具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述，但本发明并不限于这些实施例。The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

如图1-4所示，本发明提供了一种胆道取石钩，包括导管100、导丝110以及取石部120，As shown in Figures 1-4, the present invention provides a biliary stone extraction hook, including acatheter 100, aguide wire 110 and astone extraction part 120,

实施例一Example 1

导管100，其首端设置为开口101，该导管100优选为软管，可产生形变，当胆道镜伸入胆道并寻找到结石后，导管100可从胆道镜内伸入至结石所在处。Thecatheter 100 has an opening 101 at its head end. Thecatheter 100 is preferably a flexible tube, which can be deformed. When the choledochoscope is inserted into the bile duct and the calculus is found, thecatheter 100 can be extended from the choledochoscope to the location of the calculus.

导丝110，其设置在导管100内部，导丝110的首端从开口101处向外延伸而出，导丝110的尾端连接在上述调节杆130上，当移动调节杆130时，导丝110即会被随之拉动，导丝110对导管100起到引导以及支持的作用，用于帮助导管100进入胆道内，引导导管100顺利到达结石所在处，另外，本实施例的导丝110优选设置为首端可弯曲，因此，当导丝110的首端在受到外力的作用下，可朝同一方向弯曲，由此该导丝110的首端便可形成钩子的形状，便于将结石勾住后向外拉出。Theguide wire 110 is arranged inside thecatheter 100, the head end of theguide wire 110 extends outward from the opening 101, and the tail end of theguide wire 110 is connected to theadjustment rod 130. When theadjustment rod 130 is moved, theguide wire 110 will be pulled along with it, and theguide wire 110 will guide and support thecatheter 100, which is used to help thecatheter 100 enter the bile duct, and guide thecatheter 100 to reach the location of the stone smoothly. In addition, theguide wire 110 in this embodiment is preferably The head end of theguide wire 110 is set to be bendable, so when the head end of theguide wire 110 is under the action of external force, it can be bent in the same direction, so that the head end of theguide wire 110 can form the shape of a hook, which is convenient for hooking the stone. Pull out.

取石部120，其固定在导丝110上并位于所述导管100外，当向内拉紧所述导丝110时，取石部120向一侧弯曲并形成钩状，此状态下呈钩状设置的取石部120可将胆道内的较大结石勾住并向外拉出，当向外推出所述导丝110时，取石部120呈直线设置，此状态下的取石部120便可从胆道镜中伸入，直至伸入到胆道内结石所在处。Thestone extraction part 120 is fixed on theguide wire 110 and located outside thecatheter 100. When theguide wire 110 is pulled inwardly, thestone extraction part 120 is bent to one side and forms a hook shape, and is arranged in a hook shape in this state Thestone extraction portion 120 can hook the larger stones in the bile duct and pull it out. When theguide wire 110 is pushed out, thestone extraction portion 120 is arranged in a straight line, and thestone extraction portion 120 in this state can be removed from the choledochoscope. It is inserted into the middle until it reaches the place where the stone in the bile duct is located.

具体地，取石部120包括前导块121、后导块122以及多个中间导块123，其在导丝110上等间距设置，其中，导丝110的首端固定在前导块121内，前导块121作为伸入端，其头部设置为圆形，可避免在伸入胆道或取石的过程中，对胆道壁产生损伤，而后导块122则靠近导管100的开口101处，且后导块122与开口101之间的接触面水平设置，使得当导丝110被拉紧时，后导块122不会从导管100的开口处滑脱，提高了此时整个取石部120与导管100之间的紧贴性，进一步提高了工作的稳定性。Specifically, thestone extraction part 120 includes a leadingblock 121, atrailing block 122 and a plurality ofintermediate guide blocks 123, which are arranged at equal intervals on theguide wire 110, wherein the head end of theguide wire 110 is fixed in the leadingblock 121, and the leadingblock 121 is used as the insertion end, and its head is set to be round, which can avoid damage to the bile duct wall during the process of extending into the bile duct or taking stones, and therear guide block 122 is close to the opening 101 of thecatheter 100, and therear guide block 122 The contact surface with theopening 101 is set horizontally, so that when theguide wire 110 is tightened, therear guide block 122 will not slip off the opening of thecatheter 100, which improves the tightness between the entirestone extraction part 120 and thecatheter 100 at this time. Adhesion, further improve the stability of the work.

而多个中间导块123，其前端面与后端面分别设置为斜面，且前端面的倾斜程度大于后端面的倾斜程度，当控制调节杆130将导丝110朝着导管100内的方向拉动时，导丝110被向内拉动，直至后导块122抵住导管100的开口101处，此时继续拉动导丝110，前导块121、后导块122以及多个中间导块123即会在导丝110的拉动下紧贴在一起，并且前导块121的后端面的倾斜程度与中间导块123的后端面保持一致，后导块122的前端面的倾斜程度与中间导块123的前端面保持一致，使得当相邻导块之间被拉紧时，所有导块会向同一方向弯曲形成钩状，此时取石部与导丝便成为了一种取石钩，便于勾住结石并将其取出。The front end surface and the rear end surface of the plurality ofintermediate guide blocks 123 are respectively set as inclined surfaces, and the inclination degree of the front end surface is greater than the inclination degree of the rear end surface. , theguide wire 110 is pulled inward until therear guide block 122 abuts against the opening 101 of thecatheter 100. At this time, theguide wire 110 is continued to be pulled, and thefront guide block 121, therear guide block 122 and the plurality ofmiddle guide blocks 123 will be in the guide Thewires 110 are pulled closely together, and the inclination of the rear end surface of thefront guide block 121 is consistent with the rear end surface of themiddle guide block 123, and the inclination of the front end surface of therear guide block 122 is consistent with the front end surface of themiddle guide block 123. Consistent, so that when the adjacent guide blocks are tightened, all the guide blocks will be bent in the same direction to form a hook shape. At this time, the stone extraction part and the guide wire become a kind of stone extraction hook, which is convenient for hooking the stone and taking it out. .

在实际工作时，在伸入胆道时，导丝110上呈直线设置，导块121等间距固定在导管100外的导丝110上，导管100向胆道内不断伸入，当遇上较大结石时，控制伸入端的导块121从结石侧面绕过结石并继续向内伸入，直至导丝110上的多个导块121均已绕过结石并向内伸入，此时通过控制调节杆130，朝着导管100内的方向拉动导丝110，直至导丝110与多个导块121形成一种取石钩，此时多个导块121形成的钩子便可从背后将结石勾住，继而向外拉出结石即可取出整块结石，相较于传统的取石工具，该取石钩可直接将较大的结石取出，而无需先将结石击碎，再将碎石一一取出，使得整个取石过程高效、易操作，同时也降低了患者的痛苦。In actual work, when extending into the bile duct, theguide wire 110 is arranged in a straight line, theguide blocks 121 are fixed on theguide wire 110 outside thecatheter 100 at equal intervals, and thecatheter 100 is continuously extended into the bile duct. At this time, theguide block 121 at the control insertion end bypasses the stone from the side of the stone and continues to extend inward until the multiple guide blocks 121 on theguide wire 110 have bypassed the stone and protruded inward. At this time, by controlling theadjustment rod 130, pull theguide wire 110 towards the direction in thecatheter 100 until theguide wire 110 and the plurality ofguide blocks 121 form a kind of stone extraction hook, at this time the hooks formed by the plurality ofguide blocks 121 can hook the stone from the back, and then The whole stone can be taken out by pulling the stone outward. Compared with the traditional stone extraction tool, the stone extraction hook can directly take out the larger stone without breaking the stone first and then taking out the crushed stones one by one, so that the whole stone can be removed one by one. The stone extraction process is efficient and easy to operate, and it also reduces the pain of patients.

优选地，导丝110尾端连接有调节杆130，导管100尾端连接有连接柄140，调节杆130首端伸入连接柄140内，且两者之间通过螺纹连接，调节杆130尾端设有旋块150，因此通过旋转旋块150，便可控制调节杆130向外旋出或向内旋进，以此拉动导丝110，操作便捷。Preferably, an adjustingrod 130 is connected to the tail end of theguide wire 110, a connectinghandle 140 is connected to the tail end of thecatheter 100, the head end of the adjustingrod 130 extends into the connectinghandle 140, and the two are connected by threads, and the tail end of the adjusting rod 130 Arotary block 150 is provided, so by rotating therotary block 150 , the adjustingrod 130 can be controlled to be rotated outward or inward, thereby pulling theguide wire 110 , and the operation is convenient.

具体的，当需要进行取石的工作时，向外旋转旋块150，控制调节杆130向外旋出，拉动导丝110直至导块121与导管100抵住，继续向外旋动调节杆130，导丝110即会被拉紧，此时导丝110与多个导块121即可形成取石钩，当取石工作完成后，向内旋进调节杆130时，导丝110便会从导管100内向外推出，此时导块121不再互相紧贴、挤压，导丝110复位成直线，多个导块121在导丝110上等间距排布，便于再次伸入胆道。Specifically, when it is necessary to remove the stone, rotate therotary block 150 outward, control theadjustment rod 130 to rotate outward, pull theguide wire 110 until theguide block 121 and thecatheter 100 are abutted, and continue to rotate theadjustment rod 130 outward, Theguide wire 110 will be tightened. At this time, theguide wire 110 and the plurality of guide blocks 121 can form a stone extraction hook. When the stone extraction work is completed, when the adjustingrod 130 is screwed inward, theguide wire 110 will be guided from thecatheter 100 to the inside. When the guide blocks 121 are pushed out, the guide blocks 121 are no longer pressed against each other, and theguide wire 110 is reset into a straight line.

实施例二Embodiment 2

本发明的第二个实施例，在其他技术特征均保持不变的情况下，如图4所示，所述取石部120包括一块主导块124，在伸入胆道前，主导块124与导管100处于同一直线上，且两者之间留有距离，主导块124的前端面为曲面，即头部设置为圆形，避免在伸入时或取石过程中对胆道壁造成损伤，而主导块124的后端面设置为倾斜程度较小的斜面，同时导管100的开口101处设置为倾斜程度较大的斜面，优选的，该导管100的开口101处优选设置为倾斜角度为45°-60°的斜面，由此，当需要取出结石时，向内拉紧导丝110时，主导块124的后端面与导管100开口101处相贴合，主导块124至少可弯曲至水平设置，此时导管100的首端在主导块124的带动下同向弯曲，此时主导块124与导管100也可形成钩状，以此将结石向外拉出。In the second embodiment of the present invention, under the condition that other technical features remain unchanged, as shown in FIG. 4 , thestone extraction part 120 includes amain block 124. Before extending into the bile duct, themain block 124 is connected to thecatheter 100. On the same straight line, and there is a distance between the two, the front end surface of themain block 124 is a curved surface, that is, the head is set to be round, so as to avoid damage to the bile duct wall during insertion or during stone extraction, while themain block 124 The rear end surface of theduct 100 is set as a slope with a smaller degree of inclination, and at the same time, theopening 101 of theconduit 100 is set as a slope with a larger degree of inclination. Therefore, when the calculus needs to be taken out, when theguide wire 110 is pulled inwardly, the rear end surface of themain block 124 is in contact with theopening 101 of thecatheter 100, and themain block 124 can be bent at least to a horizontal setting. At this time, thecatheter 100 The head end of the duct is bent in the same direction under the driving of themain block 124, and at this time, themain block 124 and thecatheter 100 can also form a hook shape, so as to pull the stone out.

本发明方案所公开的技术手段不仅限于上述技术手段所公开的技术手段，还包括由以上技术特征任意组合所组成的技术方案。以上是本发明的具体实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围。The technical means disclosed in the solution of the present invention are not limited to the technical means disclosed by the above-mentioned technical means, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above-mentioned technical features. The above are the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as the present invention. The scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A biliary tract calculus removing hook is characterized by comprising:

a guide pipe, the head end of which is provided with an opening;

a guidewire disposed inside the catheter;

the stone taking part is fixed on the guide wire and positioned outside the guide pipe, when the guide wire is tensioned inwards, the stone taking part is bent towards one side and forms a hook shape, and when the guide wire is pushed outwards, the stone taking part is arranged linearly.

2. The biliary tract calculus removing hook according to claim 1, wherein the calculus removing portion comprises a front guide block, a rear guide block, and a plurality of intermediate guide blocks, and when the calculus removing portion is disposed linearly, a distance is left between adjacent guide blocks.

3. The biliary calculus removing hook according to claim 2, wherein the head end of the guide wire is fixed in the leading block, and the head of the leading block is configured to be circular as an extending end.

4. The biliary calculus removing hook according to claim 2, wherein the rear guide block is close to the opening, and a contact surface between the rear guide block and the opening is horizontally disposed.

5. The biliary tract calculus removing hook according to claim 2, wherein the front end surfaces and the rear end surfaces of the plurality of intermediate guide blocks are respectively provided with slopes, and the slope degree of the front end surfaces is greater than the slope degree of the rear end surfaces.

6. The hook of claim 1, wherein the lithotomy section comprises a guide block, and a distance is left between the guide block and the catheter when the guide block and the catheter are in alignment.

7. The biliary calculus removing hook according to claim 6, wherein the front end surface of the main guide block is a curved surface, the rear end surface of the main guide block is an inclined surface, the opening of the guide tube is an inclined surface, and the inclined surface at the opening of the guide tube is inclined to a greater degree than the inclined surface at the rear end surface of the main guide block.

8. The biliary calculus removing hook according to claim 1, wherein an adjusting rod is connected to the end of the guide wire.

9. The biliary calculus removing hook according to claim 8, wherein a connection handle is connected to a tail end of the catheter, and a head end of the adjustment rod extends into the connection handle and is connected with the adjustment rod through a screw thread.

10. The biliary calculus removing hook according to claim 8, wherein the adjusting rod has a rotating block at the end.