CN111744067A - A peritoneal dialysis tube puncture device - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开了一种腹膜透析管穿刺装置，包括穿刺针套、腹膜透析管、穿刺针芯和引导丝，腹膜透析管套于穿刺针芯的外壁上并一同穿设于穿刺针套的内腔中，引导丝穿设于穿刺针芯的内腔中且引导丝的前端从穿刺针芯的前端伸出。穿刺针芯包括针芯管和操作部，针芯管的前段固定有保护头，保护头为椭圆形钝头，保护头通过锥形管段与针芯管固定连接，保护头受到挤压时，针芯管可缩入操作部中，保护头挤压解除时，针芯管则从操作部中弹出并恢复初始状态。该装置将穿刺和置管术融为一体，穿刺完成的同时也完成了置管，减少B超定位的次数，减小手术操作的难度；该装置保留了穿刺针的针芯，防止穿刺针套穿刺进入腹膜腔内而误伤其他组织。

The invention discloses a puncture device for a peritoneal dialysis tube, comprising a puncture needle cover, a peritoneal dialysis tube, a puncture needle core and a guide wire. The guide wire is inserted into the inner cavity of the puncture needle core, and the front end of the guide wire extends from the front end of the puncture needle core. The puncture needle core includes a needle core tube and an operating part. The front section of the needle core tube is fixed with a protective head. The protective head is an oval blunt tip. The protective head is fixedly connected to the needle core tube through a tapered tube section. The core tube can be retracted into the operation part, and when the protection head is squeezed and released, the needle core tube is ejected from the operation part and returns to the initial state. The device integrates puncture and catheterization, and the catheterization is completed when the puncture is completed, which reduces the number of B-ultrasound positioning and reduces the difficulty of surgical operations; the device retains the core of the puncture needle and prevents the puncture needle cover Puncture into the peritoneal cavity and accidentally injure other tissues.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种腹膜透析管穿刺装置A peritoneal dialysis tube puncture device

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及医疗器械领域，具体涉及一种腹膜透析管穿刺装置。The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a puncture device for a peritoneal dialysis tube.

背景技术Background technique

腹膜透析是通过反复向腹腔灌注、排出腹膜透析液，达到排出各类尿毒症毒素目的一种治疗方法，主要用于肾功能衰竭患者。传统的腹膜透析管置入方式有三种：1、手术切开腹壁，置入腹膜透析管，该方法最常用，但切开手术需要在手术室条件下进行，创伤大、操作复杂、术后一般需要2周的愈合时间才能使用；2、使用腹腔镜技术置管，该方法技术复杂，极少采用；3、采用seldinger技术穿刺置入腹膜透析管，简单易行。Peritoneal dialysis is a treatment method that achieves the purpose of expelling various uremic toxins through repeated perfusion into the abdominal cavity and expelling peritoneal dialysis fluid. It is mainly used for patients with renal failure. There are three traditional ways of peritoneal dialysis tube placement: 1. Surgical incision of the abdominal wall and placement of a peritoneal dialysis tube. This method is the most commonly used, but the incision operation needs to be performed under the conditions of the operating room, which is traumatic, complicated to operate, and general after surgery. It takes 2 weeks of healing time to use; 2. The laparoscopic technique is used to place the catheter, which is technically complicated and rarely used; 3. The seldinger technique is used to puncture the peritoneal dialysis catheter, which is simple and easy to implement.

但现有的穿刺置管方法的缺陷在于：1、使用锐利的穿刺针穿刺，进入腹腔没有突破感，穿刺过程中无法判断针尖是否进入腹腔，尤其对于没有腹水的患者更是如此；2、针尖锐利，进入腹腔后，损伤腹腔内器官的风险大；3、术中采用可撕脱外鞘，由于外鞘的存在，腹透管与腹膜开口结合不够紧密，术后短期内进行腹膜透析治疗容易出现渗漏；4、为使导管管尖成功置入到膀胱直肠窝，往往还需要单独在导管内置入硬导丝作为支撑进行调整。However, the defects of the existing puncture and catheterization methods are: 1. Using a sharp puncture needle to puncture, there is no sense of breakthrough when entering the abdominal cavity, and it is impossible to judge whether the needle tip has entered the abdominal cavity during the puncture process, especially for patients without ascites; 2. The needle tip Sharp, after entering the abdominal cavity, the risk of damage to the intra-abdominal organs is high; 3. A removable outer sheath is used during the operation. Due to the existence of the outer sheath, the peritoneal dialysis tube is not tightly combined with the peritoneal opening, and it is easy to perform peritoneal dialysis treatment in the short term after surgery. Leakage occurs; 4. In order to successfully insert the catheter tip into the vesicorectal fossa, it is often necessary to insert a rigid guide wire into the catheter as a support for adjustment.

为了解决上述问题，申请号为2018213355123的实用新型专利公开了一种穿刺置入式腹膜透析管，包括穿刺针、引导导丝、扩张器和腹膜透析管本体；其中，引导导丝可穿设在穿刺针或扩张器的内腔中，扩张器可穿设在腹膜透析管本体的内腔中；穿刺针包括针座、针体和针尖，且针尖的尖端为圆钝平头；腹膜透析管本体包括依次一体连接的导管体、导管引流段和管尖，且导管体、导管引流段和管尖的内部具有与扩张器相匹配的连续空腔。导管体的近端具有供扩张器穿入的平口，扩张器的尖端可由导管体的近端穿入，依次穿过导管体和导管引流段的后突出于管尖外，且腹膜透析管本体可沿扩张器的长度方向向前推出。该透析管存在以下问题：1、穿刺针保留了穿刺针套却删除了中空针芯，由于缺少中空针芯的保护，穿刺针套的针尖极易刺伤腹膜内的组织；2、穿刺针与腹膜透析管需要分两次进入腹膜腔内，第一次使用穿刺针建立穿刺通道，第二次将腹膜透析管沿穿刺通道插入腹膜腔内，该置管方式需要进行多次B超定位，增加了手术操作的步骤以及难度，同时该方式存在穿刺口部位扩大的问题，影响术后的愈合进度。In order to solve the above problems, the utility model patent application No. 2018213355123 discloses a puncture-inserted peritoneal dialysis tube, which includes a puncture needle, a guide wire, a dilator and a peritoneal dialysis tube body; In the lumen of the puncture needle or the dilator, the dilator can be inserted into the lumen of the peritoneal dialysis tube body; the puncture needle includes a needle seat, a needle body and a needle tip, and the tip of the needle tip is a round blunt flat; the peritoneal dialysis tube body includes The catheter body, the catheter drainage section and the tube tip are integrally connected in sequence, and the interior of the catheter body, the catheter drainage section and the tube tip have a continuous cavity matched with the dilator. The proximal end of the catheter body has a flat opening for the dilator to penetrate, the tip of the dilator can be penetrated by the proximal end of the catheter body, and protrudes out of the tip of the tube after passing through the catheter body and the drainage section of the catheter in turn, and the peritoneal dialysis tube body can be inserted. Push forward along the length of the dilator. The dialysis tube has the following problems: 1. The puncture needle retains the puncture needle cover but deletes the hollow needle core. Due to the lack of protection of the hollow needle core, the needle tip of the puncture needle cover can easily puncture the tissue in the peritoneum; 2. The puncture needle and the The peritoneal dialysis tube needs to enter the peritoneal cavity twice. The first time is to use a puncture needle to establish a puncture channel, and the second time, the peritoneal dialysis tube is inserted into the peritoneal cavity along the puncture channel. The steps and difficulty of the surgical operation are reduced, and at the same time, this method has the problem of the enlargement of the puncture site, which affects the postoperative healing progress.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明为了解决上述技术问题，设计了一种腹膜透析管穿刺装置，该装置将穿刺和置管术融为一体，穿刺完成的同时也完成了置管，减少B超定位的次数，减小手术操作的难度；该装置保留了穿刺针的针芯，防止穿刺针套穿刺进入腹膜腔内而误伤其他组织。In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention designs a peritoneal dialysis tube puncture device, which integrates puncture and cannulation, and can complete the cannulation at the same time as the puncture is completed, thereby reducing the number of B-ultrasound positioning and reducing the number of operations. Difficulty of operation; the device retains the core of the puncture needle, preventing the puncture needle sheath from puncturing into the peritoneal cavity and accidentally injuring other tissues.

为了达到上述技术效果，本发明通过以下技术方案实现的：In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical effect, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

一种腹膜透析管穿刺装置，包括穿刺针套、腹膜透析管、穿刺针芯和引导丝，腹膜透析管套于穿刺针芯的外壁上并一同穿设于穿刺针套的内腔中，引导丝穿设于穿刺针芯的内腔中且引导丝的前端从穿刺针芯的前端伸出。A peritoneal dialysis tube puncture device, comprising a puncture needle cover, a peritoneal dialysis tube, a puncture needle core and a guide wire. The front end of the guide wire is inserted into the inner cavity of the puncture needle core and protrudes from the front end of the puncture needle core.

进一步的，所述的穿刺针套包括一体成型的穿刺针管和手持部，穿刺针管的前端为45°坡角的针尖。Further, the puncture needle cover includes an integrally formed puncture needle tube and a handle portion, and the front end of the puncture needle tube is a needle tip with a slope angle of 45°.

进一步的，所述的腹膜透析管包括一体成型的引流管体、限位锥管、卡夫管扣和接口。Further, the peritoneal dialysis tube includes an integrally formed drainage tube body, a limiting cone tube, a Kraft tube buckle and an interface.

进一步的，所述的穿刺针芯包括针芯管和操作部，针芯管的前段固定有保护头，保护头为椭圆形钝头，保护头通过锥形管段与针芯管固定连接，保护头受到挤压时，针芯管可缩入操作部中，保护头挤压解除时，针芯管则从操作部中弹出并恢复初始状态。Further, the puncture needle core includes a needle core tube and an operation part, the front section of the needle core tube is fixed with a protection head, the protection head is an oval blunt head, and the protection head is fixedly connected with the needle core tube through a tapered tube section, and the protection head is fixed. When being squeezed, the needle core tube can be retracted into the operation part, and when the protection head is released from being squeezed, the needle core tube is ejected from the operation part and returns to the initial state.

进一步的，所述的引导丝为J型导丝。Further, the guide wire is a J-shaped guide wire.

进一步的，所述的操作部中开有复位腔，针芯管的后端插入复位腔中，针芯管的后端与复位腔的腔壁之间设有复位弹簧，针芯管和操作部上开有同轴的引导通道。引导头上开有引流孔，引流孔与引导通道贯通。Further, a reset cavity is opened in the operation part, the rear end of the needle core tube is inserted into the reset cavity, a reset spring is arranged between the rear end of the needle core tube and the cavity wall of the reset cavity, and the needle core tube and the operation part are arranged. There is a coaxial guide channel on it. The guiding head is provided with a drainage hole, and the drainage hole is connected with the guiding channel.

本发明的有益效果是：该装置将穿刺和置管术融为一体，穿刺完成的同时也完成了置管，减少B超定位的次数，减小手术操作的难度；该装置保留了穿刺针的针芯，防止穿刺针套穿刺进入腹膜腔内而误伤其他组织。The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the device integrates puncture and catheterization, the catheterization is completed when the puncture is completed, the times of B-ultrasound positioning is reduced, and the difficulty of operation is reduced; the device retains the puncture needle The needle core prevents the puncture needle sleeve from puncturing into the peritoneal cavity and accidentally injuring other tissues.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

图1是腹膜透析管穿刺装置的装配结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the assembly structure schematic diagram of peritoneal dialysis tube puncture device;

图2是所述穿刺针套的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the structural representation of described puncture needle cover;

图3是所述腹膜透析管、穿刺针芯和引导丝的装配结构示意图；Fig. 3 is the assembly structure schematic diagram of described peritoneal dialysis tube, puncture needle core and guide wire;

图4是所述腹膜透析管的结构示意图；Fig. 4 is the structural representation of described peritoneal dialysis tube;

图5是所述穿刺针芯的结构示意图；Fig. 5 is the structural representation of described puncture needle core;

图6是所述引导丝的结构示意图；FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the guide wire;

图7是所述腹膜透析管的剖面结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the peritoneal dialysis tube.

附图中，各标号所代表的部件列表如下：In the accompanying drawings, the list of components represented by each number is as follows:

1-穿刺针套，2-腹膜透析管，3-穿刺针芯，4-引导丝，11-穿刺针管，12-手持部，21-引流管体，22-限位锥管，23-卡夫管扣，24-接口，31-针芯管，32-保护头，33-操作部，34-引导通道端口，35-复位腔，36-复位弹簧，37-引流孔，38-引导通道。1-Puncture needle cover, 2-Peritoneal dialysis tube, 3-Puncture needle core, 4-Guide wire, 11-Puncture needle tube, 12-Handhold, 21-Drainage tube body, 22-Limited cone tube, 23-Kraft Tube buckle, 24-interface, 31-needle tube, 32-protection head, 33-operating part, 34-guide channel port, 35-reset cavity, 36-return spring, 37-drainage hole, 38-guide channel.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

如图1所示，一种腹膜透析管穿刺装置，包括穿刺针套1、腹膜透析管2、穿刺针芯3和引导丝4，腹膜透析管2套于穿刺针芯3的外壁上并一同穿设于穿刺针套1的内腔中，引导丝4穿设于穿刺针芯3的内腔中且引导丝4的前端从穿刺针芯3的前端伸出。As shown in Figure 1, a peritoneal dialysis tube puncturing device includes apuncture needle cover 1, aperitoneal dialysis tube 2, apuncture needle core 3 and aguide wire 4, and theperitoneal dialysis tube 2 is sheathed on the outer wall of thepuncture needle core 3 and threaded together Theguide wire 4 is arranged in the inner cavity of thepuncture needle cover 1 , theguide wire 4 is inserted into the inner cavity of thepuncture needle core 3 and the front end of theguide wire 4 protrudes from the front end of thepuncture needle core 3 .

如图2-3所示，穿刺针套1包括一体成型的穿刺针管11和手持部12，穿刺针管的前端为45°坡角的针尖。As shown in Figures 2-3, thepuncture needle cover 1 includes an integrally formedpuncture needle tube 11 and ahandle portion 12, and the front end of the puncture needle tube is a needle tip with a slope angle of 45°.

如图4所示，腹膜透析管2包括一体成型的引流管体21、限位锥管22、卡夫管扣23和接口24。As shown in FIG. 4 , theperitoneal dialysis tube 2 includes an integrally formeddrainage tube body 21 , a limitingcone tube 22 , a Krafttube buckle 23 and aninterface 24 .

如图5所示，穿刺针芯3包括针芯管31和操作部33，针芯管31的前段固定有保护头32，保护头32为椭圆形钝头，保护头32通过锥形管段与针芯管31固定连接，保护头32受到挤压时，针芯管31可缩入操作部33中，保护头32挤压解除时，针芯管31则从操作部33中弹出并恢复初始状态。As shown in FIG. 5 , thepuncture needle core 3 includes aneedle core tube 31 and anoperating portion 33. Aprotection head 32 is fixed at the front section of theneedle core tube 31. Theprotection head 32 is an oval blunt tip. Thecore tube 31 is fixedly connected. When theprotective head 32 is squeezed, theneedle core tube 31 can be retracted into theoperation part 33;

如图6所示，引导丝4为J型导丝。As shown in FIG. 6 , theguide wire 4 is a J-shaped guide wire.

如图7所示，操作部33中开有复位腔35，针芯管31的后端插入复位腔35中，针芯管31的后端与复位腔35的腔壁之间设有复位弹簧36，针芯管31和操作部33上开有同轴的引导通道38，引导头32上开有引流孔37，引流孔37与引导通道38贯通。As shown in FIG. 7 , a reset cavity 35 is opened in theoperation part 33 , the rear end of theneedle tube 31 is inserted into the reset cavity 35 , and areset spring 36 is provided between the rear end of theneedle tube 31 and the cavity wall of the reset cavity 35 . Acoaxial guide channel 38 is opened on theneedle core tube 31 and theoperation part 33 , and adrainage hole 37 is opened on theguide head 32 , and thedrainage hole 37 and theguide channel 38 pass through.

本发明的一个具体应用为：1、使用记号笔将手术穿刺部位做上标记，然后使用碘伏对手术部位进行消毒，铺上铺巾。2、手术刀沿手术部位做切口。3、穿刺、置管：向后牵拉引导丝4使得引导丝4收纳于穿刺针芯3中，将穿刺针套1沿切口处插入，穿刺针套1前端伸出的保护头32在受到挤压时将发生回缩至穿刺针管11内部，穿刺过程中辅以B超定位，持续穿刺直至穿刺针套1的前端进入腹腔中，在穿刺针套1进入腹腔的过程中会感受到两次刺破感；当穿刺针套1进入腹腔后，将穿刺针套1从穿刺口处抽出，继续插入引导丝直至引导丝进入目标位置；使用止血钳夹住腹膜透析管2，然后将穿刺针芯3抽出，留下引导丝和腹膜透析管2。4、拔丝：继续插入腹膜透析管2直至腹膜透析管抵到引导丝4的前端，随后抽出引导丝，腹膜透析管2置管成功。5、检验：将盛有冲洗液的注射器接在腹膜透析管2的接口24上并注入冲洗液，负压引流，观察引流液中是否含有腹腔黏液。A specific application of the present invention is as follows: 1. Mark the surgical puncture site with a marker, then use iodophor to sterilize the surgical site, and lay a towel on it. 2. The scalpel makes an incision along the surgical site. 3. Puncture and cannulation: Pull theguide wire 4 backward so that theguide wire 4 is stored in thepuncture needle core 3, insert thepuncture needle cover 1 along the incision, and theprotective head 32 protruding from the front end of thepuncture needle cover 1 is squeezed. When pressed, it will retract to the inside of thepuncture needle tube 11. During the puncture process, it will be supplemented by B-ultrasound positioning, and the puncture will continue until the front end of thepuncture needle cover 1 enters the abdominal cavity. During the process of thepuncture needle cover 1 entering the abdominal cavity, you will feel the puncture twice. When thepuncture needle cover 1 enters the abdominal cavity, pull out thepuncture needle cover 1 from the puncture port, and continue to insert the guide wire until the guide wire enters the target position; use the hemostatic forceps to clamp theperitoneal dialysis tube 2, and then insert thepuncture needle core 3 Pull out, leaving the guide wire andperitoneal dialysis tube 2. 4. Wire drawing: continue to insert theperitoneal dialysis tube 2 until the peritoneal dialysis tube touches the front end of theguide wire 4, then pull out the guide wire, and theperitoneal dialysis tube 2 is successfully placed. 5. Inspection: Connect the syringe containing the flushing fluid to theinterface 24 of theperitoneal dialysis tube 2 and inject the flushing fluid, drain the fluid under negative pressure, and observe whether the drainage fluid contains peritoneal mucus.

在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。In the description of this specification, description with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc. means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one aspect of the present invention. in one embodiment or example. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

以上公开的本发明优选实施例只是用于帮助阐述本发明。优选实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节，也不限制该发明仅为所述的具体实施方式。显然，根据本说明书的内容，可作很多的修改和变化。本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例，是为了更好地解释本发明的原理和实际应用，从而使所属技术领域技术人员能很好地理解和利用本发明。本发明仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。The above-disclosed preferred embodiments of the present invention are provided only to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not exhaust all the details, nor do they limit the invention to only the described embodiments. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the contents of this specification. The present specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is to be limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (3)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种腹膜透析管穿刺装置，其特征在于，包括穿刺针套、腹膜透析管、穿刺针芯和引导丝，腹膜透析管套于穿刺针芯的外壁上并一同穿设于穿刺针套的内腔中，引导丝穿设于穿刺针芯的内腔中且引导丝的前端从穿刺针芯的前端伸出；1. a peritoneal dialysis tube puncture device, is characterized in that, comprises puncture needle cover, peritoneal dialysis tube, puncture needle core and guide wire, peritoneal dialysis tube is sleeved on the outer wall of puncture needle core and is worn together on the puncture needle cover. In the inner cavity, the guide wire is passed through the inner cavity of the puncture needle core, and the front end of the guide wire protrudes from the front end of the puncture needle core;所述的穿刺针套包括一体成型的穿刺针管和手持部，穿刺针管的前端为45°坡角的针尖；The puncture needle cover comprises an integrally formed puncture needle tube and a hand-held portion, and the front end of the puncture needle tube is a needle tip with a slope angle of 45°;所述的腹膜透析管包括一体成型的引流管体、限位锥管、卡夫管扣和接口；The peritoneal dialysis tube includes an integrally formed drainage tube body, a limiting cone tube, a Kraft tube buckle and an interface;所述的穿刺针芯包括针芯管和操作部，针芯管的前段固定有保护头，保护头为椭圆形钝头，保护头通过锥形管段与针芯管固定连接，保护头受到挤压时，针芯管可缩入操作部中，保护头挤压解除时，针芯管则从操作部中弹出并恢复初始状态。The puncture needle core includes a needle core tube and an operation part, the front section of the needle core tube is fixed with a protection head, the protection head is an oval blunt head, the protection head is fixedly connected with the needle core tube through a conical tube section, and the protection head is squeezed When the needle core tube is retracted into the operation part, when the protective head is squeezed and released, the needle core tube is ejected from the operation part and returns to the initial state.2.根据权利要求1所述的一种腹膜透析管穿刺装置，其特征在于，所述的引导丝为J型导丝。2 . The peritoneal dialysis catheter puncture device according to claim 1 , wherein the guide wire is a J-shaped guide wire. 3 .3.根据权利要求1所述的一种腹膜透析管穿刺装置，其特征在于，所述的操作部中开有复位腔，针芯管的后端插入复位腔中，针芯管的后端与复位腔的腔壁之间设有复位弹簧，针芯管和操作部上开有同轴的引导通道。引导头上开有引流孔，引流孔与引导通道贯通。3 . The peritoneal dialysis tube puncture device according to claim 1 , wherein a reset cavity is opened in the operation part, the rear end of the needle core tube is inserted into the reset cavity, and the rear end of the needle core tube is connected to the reset cavity. 4 . A reset spring is arranged between the cavity walls of the reset cavity, and a coaxial guide channel is opened on the needle core tube and the operation part. The guiding head is provided with a drainage hole, and the drainage hole is connected with the guiding channel.

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