CN111696418A - Human respiratory tract model for displaying inhalation injury - Google Patents
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种医用模型，特别是涉及一种用于展示吸入性损伤的人体呼吸道模型。The present invention relates to a medical model, in particular to a human respiratory tract model for displaying inhalation injury.
背景技术Background technique
吸入性损伤是指因高热气体、火焰或化学物质等吸入呼吸道或因误饮沸水等，引起鼻咽部、气管、支气管甚至肺的烧伤。Inhalation injury refers to burns of the nasopharynx, trachea, bronchi, and even lungs caused by inhalation of high-temperature gas, flames, or chemical substances into the respiratory tract or by accidental drinking of boiling water.
吸入性损伤是临床上的急症之一，发病率和病死率均较高，特别是近年来随着烧伤救治技术和救治手段的提高，早期因休克和感染引起死亡的人数逐渐减少，而各种原因引起的脏器功能不全甚至衰竭成为烧伤的主要死亡原因，其中吸入性损伤引起的呼吸功能不全占各种类型脏器功能不全的首位，因此，针对吸入性损伤的基础和临床研究是目前烧伤领域研究的热点之一。对于吸入性损伤病人病情的准确和快速的判断，决定下一步对病人全身情况的综合处理，是提高吸入性损伤患者救治成功率和救治质量的前提条件，在临床实践中至关重要。因此，对吸入性损伤伤情判断的教学，也是吸入性损伤相关知识教学的基础。吸入性损伤的病理生理特点以及损伤程度的教学是烧伤伤情判断中的重要基础内容，然而，在传统的吸入性损伤的教学中，仅借助于文字和图片的讲授，教学过程较为抽象，不利于学生直观地掌握关于吸入性损伤的相关知识。而在临床实践操作中，有经验的医生往往在早期救治过程中注重临床救治工作的开展，而无法专门系统的向学生讲授理论知识，以上均不利于烧伤专业知识的医学人才的培养。Inhalation injury is one of the clinical emergencies, with high morbidity and mortality. Especially in recent years, with the improvement of burn treatment technology and treatment methods, the number of deaths caused by shock and infection in the early stage has gradually decreased. Organ insufficiency or even failure caused by the cause has become the main cause of death in burns. Among them, respiratory insufficiency caused by inhalation injury accounts for the first place in various types of organ insufficiency. Therefore, the basic and clinical research on inhalation injury is the current burn injury. One of the hotspots in the field of research. Accurate and rapid judgment of the condition of patients with inhalation injury, and the decision to comprehensively treat the patient's general condition in the next step is a prerequisite for improving the success rate and quality of treatment for patients with inhalation injury, and is of great importance in clinical practice. Therefore, the teaching of inhalation injury judgment is also the basis of inhalation injury related knowledge teaching. The teaching of the pathophysiological characteristics of inhalation injury and the degree of injury is an important basic content in the judgment of burn injury. However, in the traditional teaching of inhalation injury, only the teaching of words and pictures is used, and the teaching process is relatively abstract. It is helpful for students to intuitively grasp the relevant knowledge about inhalation injury. In clinical practice, experienced doctors often pay attention to the development of clinical treatment in the early treatment process, but cannot teach theoretical knowledge to students systematically. All of the above are not conducive to the cultivation of medical talents with professional knowledge of burns.
为解决吸入性损伤知识学习抽象晦涩的难题，提高教学质量，合理的医学模型的开发和使用是较为实用且高效的方法之一。但目前尚无专门应用于吸入性损伤、特别是吸入性损伤程度的教学模型。基于此，我们拟发明一种用于展示吸入性损伤的人体呼吸道模型。In order to solve the abstract and obscure problem of inhalation injury knowledge learning and improve the teaching quality, the development and use of a reasonable medical model is one of the more practical and efficient methods. However, there is no teaching model specifically applied to inhalation injury, especially the degree of inhalation injury. Based on this, we intend to invent a human airway model for demonstrating inhalation injury.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本公开的目的之一是提供一种用于学习识别和理解吸入性损伤的情形的人体呼吸道模型，以供医疗教学使用。One of the objectives of the present disclosure is to provide a human airway model for learning to recognize and understand the situation of inhalation injury for use in medical teaching.
在一个方面中，本公开涉及一种用于展示吸入性损伤的人体呼吸道模型，所述人体呼吸道模型包括：假体人体，所述假体人体至少包括假体头部、假体颈部和假体上躯干；烧伤部，所述烧伤部以纵剖截面和/或横剖截面的形式设置在假体人体中，其中，所述纵剖截面形成为沿着大致平行于呼吸道的方向、并且展示呼吸道器官内部的形态，其中，所述横剖截面形成为沿着大致横向于呼吸道的方向，所述横剖截面构造成将假体人体分成可移除地连接在一起的两个或多个部分，并且展示呼吸道的横截面处的形态。In one aspect, the present disclosure relates to a human airway model for demonstrating inhalation injury, the human airway model comprising: a prosthetic human body including at least a prosthetic head, a prosthetic neck, and a prosthetic human body Oncorporeal torso; burns provided in a prosthetic body in longitudinal and/or cross-sectional form, wherein the longitudinal section is formed in a direction substantially parallel to the airway, and shows A configuration of the interior of an airway organ, wherein the cross-sectional section is formed in a direction generally transverse to the airway, the cross-sectional section being configured to divide a prosthetic body into two or more parts that are removably connected together , and show the morphology at the cross-section of the airway.
在一些实施例中，所述纵剖截面和/或横剖截面呈平滑的直面、弧面状或阶梯状。In some embodiments, the longitudinal section and/or the cross section is a smooth straight surface, a curved surface or a stepped shape.
在一些实施例中，所述形态包括颜色、图案、形状和硬度中的一种或多种。In some embodiments, the morphology includes one or more of color, pattern, shape, and hardness.
在一些实施例中，所述假体人体还包括覆盖件，所述覆盖件能够覆盖在所述纵剖截面并与所述纵剖截面形状互补地连接在一起，以模拟人体外表面。In some embodiments, the prosthetic body further includes a cover that can be overlaid on the longitudinal cross-section and connected complementary to the longitudinal cross-sectional shape to simulate the outer surface of the human body.
在一些实施例中，所述纵剖截面和所述覆盖件能够通过磁吸、卡扣、可重粘式粘接、形状配合连接在一起。In some embodiments, the longitudinal section and the cover can be connected together by magnetic attraction, snap-fit, re-bondable adhesive, form-fit.
在一些实施例中，所述两个或多个部分能够通过磁吸、卡扣、可重粘式粘接、形状配合连接在一起。In some embodiments, the two or more parts can be connected together by magnetic attraction, snap-fit, re-adhesive bonding, form-fit.
在一些实施例中，所述人体呼吸道模型按照真人大小制作，或者参照真人大小等比例缩小制作，或者参照真人等比例放大制作。In some embodiments, the human respiratory tract model is made according to the size of a real person, or is made in a reduced scale with reference to the size of a real person, or is made with an equal scale with reference to a real person.
在一些实施例中，所述人体呼吸道模型夸大或缩小假体头部、假体颈部和假体上躯干中的一者或多者中的至少一个部位处的比例。In some embodiments, the human airway model exaggerates or reduces scale at at least one of one or more of a prosthetic head, a prosthetic neck, and a prosthetic upper torso.
在一些实施例中，所述人体呼吸道模型还包括未烧伤部，所述未烧伤部以横剖截面的形式和/或以纵剖截面的形式设置在假体人体中。In some embodiments, the human airway model further includes an unburned portion provided in the prosthetic human body in the form of a cross-sectional section and/or in the form of a longitudinal section.
在一些实施例中，烧伤部和未烧伤部分别设置在假体人体的同一仿真人体器官的左半侧和右半侧，或者分别设置在假体人体的同一仿真人体器官的右半侧和左半侧。In some embodiments, the burned part and the unburned part are respectively disposed on the left half and right half of the same artificial human organ of the prosthetic human body, or are respectively disposed on the right and left half of the same artificial human organ of the prosthetic human body half side.
在一些实施例中，所述人体呼吸道模型还包括能够通电的区域，所述区域能够在通电时发光。In some embodiments, the human airway model further includes an energized region capable of emitting light when energized.
在一些实施例中，所述人体呼吸道模型包括用于表征轻度吸入性损伤的烧伤部，所述烧伤部包括呈横剖截面的形式和/或呈纵剖截面的形式的仿真鼻部、仿真口腔和仿真咽部，其中，设置在仿真鼻部内的仿真鼻毛呈烧焦状，所述仿真咽部的后壁和所述仿真口腔膨大且呈鲜红色，以表示充血肿胀状。In some embodiments, the human airway model includes a burn for characterizing mild inhalation injury, the burn including a simulated nose in cross-section and/or in longitudinal The oral cavity and the simulated pharynx, wherein the simulated nose hairs arranged in the simulated nose are scorched, and the rear wall of the simulated pharynx and the simulated oral cavity are enlarged and bright red to indicate congestion and swelling.
在一些实施例中，所述人体呼吸道模型还包括呈横剖截面的形式和/或呈纵剖截面的形式未烧伤部，所述未烧伤部包括呈正常形态的一侧的仿真鼻部、仿真喉部、仿真气管、仿真支气管、仿真小气道和/或仿真肺部。In some embodiments, the human respiratory tract model further includes a non-burned part in the form of a cross-sectional section and/or in the form of a longitudinal section, the non-burned part including a simulated nose in a normal shape, a simulated larynx, simulated trachea, simulated bronchi, simulated small airways and/or simulated lungs.
在一些实施例中，所述人体呼吸道模型包括用于表征中度吸入性损伤的烧伤部，所述烧伤部包括呈横剖截面的形式和/或呈纵剖截面的形式的仿真鼻部、仿真口腔、仿真咽部、仿真喉部和仿真气管，其中，设置在仿真鼻部内的仿真鼻毛呈烧焦状，所述仿真咽部的后壁、所述仿真口腔和所述仿真喉部膨大且呈鲜红色，以表示充血肿胀状，所述仿真气管膨大且呈鲜红色并具有局部深红色以表示水肿出血状。In some embodiments, the human airway model includes a burn for characterizing moderate inhalation injury, the burn including a simulated nose in cross-section and/or in longitudinal The oral cavity, the simulated pharynx, the simulated larynx, and the simulated trachea, wherein the simulated nose hairs arranged in the simulated nose are scorched, and the rear wall of the simulated pharynx, the simulated oral cavity, and the simulated larynx are enlarged and present. Bright red to indicate congestion and swelling, the simulated trachea is enlarged and bright red with local dark red to indicate edema and hemorrhage.
在一些实施例中，所述人体呼吸道模型还包括未烧伤部，所述未烧伤部包括呈横剖截面的形式和/或呈纵剖截面的形式的呈正常形态的一侧的仿真鼻部、仿真支气管、仿真小气道和/或仿真肺部。In some embodiments, the human respiratory tract model further includes an unburned part, the unburned part includes a simulated nose in the form of a cross-sectional section and/or a side of a normal shape in the form of a longitudinal section, Simulated bronchioles, simulated small airways, and/or simulated lungs.
在一些实施例中，所述人体呼吸道模型包括用于表征重度吸入性损伤的烧伤部，所述烧伤部包括呈横剖截面的形式和/或呈纵剖截面的形式的仿真鼻部、仿真口腔、仿真咽部、仿真喉部、仿真气管、仿真支气管、仿真小气道和仿真肺部，其中，设置在仿真鼻部内的仿真鼻毛呈烧焦状，所述仿真咽部的后壁、所述仿真口腔和所述仿真喉部膨大且呈鲜红色，以表示充血肿胀状，所述仿真气管和所述仿真支气管膨大且呈鲜红色并具有局部深红色以表示水肿出血状，所述仿真小气道呈阻塞状，并且所述仿真肺部呈水肿状。In some embodiments, the human airway model includes a burn for characterizing severe inhalation injury, the burn including a simulated nose, simulated oral cavity in the form of a cross-section and/or in a longitudinal section , simulated pharynx, simulated larynx, simulated trachea, simulated bronchus, simulated small airways and simulated lungs, wherein the simulated nose hairs arranged in the simulated nose are scorched, the back wall of the simulated pharynx, the simulated The oral cavity and the simulated larynx are enlarged and bright red to indicate congestion and swelling, the simulated trachea and the simulated bronchus are enlarged and bright red with local dark red to indicate edema and hemorrhage, and the simulated small airway is Obstructed, and the simulated lung is edematous.
在一些实施例中，所述人体呼吸道模型还包括未烧伤部，所述未烧伤部包括呈横剖截面的形式和/或呈纵剖截面的形式的呈正常形态的一侧的仿真鼻部、一侧的仿真支气管、一侧的仿真小气道和/或一侧的仿真肺部。In some embodiments, the human respiratory tract model further includes an unburned part, the unburned part includes a simulated nose in the form of a cross-sectional section and/or a side of a normal shape in the form of a longitudinal section, A simulated bronchus on one side, a simulated small airway on one side, and/or a simulated lung on one side.
本公开的主题技术的其它特征和优点将在下面的描述中阐述，并且部分地将从所述描述显而易见，或者可以通过实践本公开的主题技术来学习。通过在书面说明书及其权利要求书以及附图中特别指出的结构，将实现和获得本公开的主题技术的优点。Additional features and advantages of the subject technology of the present disclosure will be set forth in the description that follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the subject technology of the present disclosure. The advantages of the subject technology of the present disclosure will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
应当理解，前述一般性描述和以下详细描述都是示例性和说明性的，并且旨在提供对要求保护的本公开的主题技术的进一步说明。It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the technology of the claimed subject matter of the present disclosure.
附图说明Description of drawings
在结合附图阅读下文的具体实施方式后，将更好地理解本公开的多个方面，在附图中：Aspects of the present disclosure will be better understood after reading the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
图1示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的人体呼吸道模型，其中以纵剖截面的形式示出了轻度吸入性损伤的情形；FIG. 1 shows a model of the human respiratory tract according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, in which a situation of mild inhalation injury is shown in longitudinal section;
图2示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的人体呼吸道模型，其中以纵剖截面的形式示出了中度吸入性损伤的情形；FIG. 2 shows a model of the human respiratory tract according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, in which a situation of moderate inhalation injury is shown in longitudinal section;
图3示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的人体呼吸道模型，其中以纵剖截面的形式示出了重度吸入性损伤的情形；FIG. 3 shows a human airway model according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a severe inhalation injury situation is shown in longitudinal section;
图4示出了根据本公开的一个实施例的人体呼吸道模型，其中以纵剖截面的形式对照地示出了在重度吸入性损伤的情形下，人体呼吸道模型中的烧伤部的一部分和未烧伤部的一部分；4 shows a human respiratory tract model according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a part of the burned part and the unburned part of the human respiratory tract model in the case of severe inhalation injury are shown in contrast in the form of longitudinal cross-section part of the Ministry;
图5为在根据本公开的实施例以横剖截面的形式示出的人体呼吸道模型中，在重度吸入性损伤的情形下的烧伤部的一部分和用于对照的未烧伤部的一部分。FIG. 5 is a portion of a burned portion in the context of severe inhalation injury and a portion of an unburned portion for control in a model of the human respiratory tract shown in cross-section according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下将参照附图描述本公开，其中的附图示出了本公开的若干实施例。然而应当理解的是，本公开可以以多种不同的方式呈现出来，并不局限于下文描述的实施例；事实上，下文描述的实施例旨在使本公开的公开更为完整，并向本领域技术人员充分说明本公开的保护范围。还应当理解的是，本文公开的实施例能够以各种方式进行组合，从而提供更多额外的实施例。The present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the disclosure. It should be understood, however, that this disclosure may be presented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described below; Those skilled in the art will fully explain the protection scope of the present disclosure. It should also be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein can be combined in various ways to provide still further embodiments.
虽然已经描述了本公开的示例性实施例，但是本领域技术人员应当理解的是，在本质上不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下能够对本公开的示范实施例进行多种变化和改变。因此，所有变化和改变均包含在权利要求所限定的本公开的保护范围内。本公开由附加的权利要求限定，并且这些权利要求的等同物也包含在内。Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure without materially departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, all changes and modifications are included within the scope of protection of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. The disclosure is defined by the appended claims, with equivalents of the claims to be included.
根据本公开实施例的人体呼吸道模型用于展示呼吸道中的吸入性损伤的情形的各种示例(例如在教学过程中)。人体呼吸道模型包括假体人体。假体人体包括假体头部、假体颈部、以及假体上躯干。假体头部、假体颈部和假体上躯干可以一体形成。或者，假体头部、假体颈部和假体上躯干可以分开形成，并且通过可拆卸的方式(例如磁吸、粘接、螺纹连接、卡扣连接、形状配合)、或不可拆卸的方式连接在一起。应理解，在其他实施例中，假体人体还可以包括其他假体人体部位，例如假体下躯干、假体下肢等。A human airway model according to embodiments of the present disclosure is used to demonstrate various examples of situations of inhalation injury in the airway (eg, during teaching). The human airway model includes a prosthetic human body. The prosthetic body includes a prosthetic head, a prosthetic neck, and a prosthetic upper torso. The prosthetic head, prosthetic neck and upper prosthetic torso can be formed in one piece. Alternatively, the prosthetic head, prosthetic neck, and upper prosthetic torso may be formed separately and be removable (eg, magnetic, adhesive, screwed, snap-fit, form-fit), or non-removable connected. It should be understood that, in other embodiments, the prosthetic body may also include other prosthetic body parts, such as a prosthetic lower torso, a prosthetic lower limb, and the like.
假体人体可以呈现仿真鼻部、仿真口腔、仿真咽部、仿真喉部、仿真气管、仿真支气管、仿真小气道和仿真肺部等仿真人体呼吸道器官中的一者或多者。应理解，在其他实施例中，假体人体还可以呈现其他仿真人体器官，例如仿真舌、仿真声带、仿真食管等。该人体呼吸道模型可以根据实际需要按照真人大小制作、或者参照真人大小等比例缩小或者等比例放大制作。在一些实施例中，该人体呼吸道模型可以根据实际需要夸大或缩小假体头部、假体颈部和假体上躯干中的一者或多者的某部位的比例。The prosthetic human body can present one or more of simulated human respiratory organs such as simulated nose, simulated oral cavity, simulated pharynx, simulated larynx, simulated trachea, simulated bronchial tubes, simulated small airways and simulated lungs. It should be understood that, in other embodiments, the prosthetic human body may also present other simulated human organs, such as simulated tongue, simulated vocal cords, simulated esophagus, and the like. The human respiratory tract model can be made according to actual needs according to the real size, or be made proportionally reduced or proportionally enlarged with reference to the real size. In some embodiments, the human airway model may exaggerate or reduce the scale of one or more of the prosthetic head, the prosthetic neck, and the upper prosthetic torso according to actual needs.
该人体呼吸道模型包括位于假体人体中的烧伤部，该烧伤部用于表征轻度吸入性损伤、中度吸入性损伤或重度吸入性损伤的情形。在一些实施例中，人体呼吸道模型还可以包括位于假体人体中的未烧伤部。对于左右对称的仿真人体呼吸道器官来说，烧伤部可以设置在仿真人体呼吸道器官的左半侧，而未烧伤部设置在仿真人体呼吸道器官的相对右半侧；或者烧伤部可以设置在仿真人体呼吸道器官的右半侧，而未烧伤部设置在仿真人体呼吸道器官的相对左半侧。The human airway model includes a burn in a prosthetic body for characterizing mild, moderate, or severe inhalation injuries. In some embodiments, the human airway model may also include an unburned portion in the prosthetic human body. For a left-right symmetrical simulated human respiratory organ, the burned part can be set on the left half of the simulated human respiratory organ, and the unburned part can be set on the opposite right half of the simulated human respiratory organ; or the burned part can be set on the simulated human respiratory tract The right half of the organ, while the unburned part is set on the opposite left half of the simulated human respiratory organ.
在根据本公开的第一实施例中，烧伤部和/或未烧伤部可以形成为仿真人体呼吸道器官中沿着大致平行于呼吸道方向被剖开的纵剖截面，该纵剖截面被构造成展示呼吸道器官内部的形态，例如包括颜色、图案、形状和硬度中的一种或多种。人体呼吸道模型还可以包括覆盖件。该覆盖件与假体人体分开形成，并且与纵剖截面形状互补。该覆盖件能够覆盖在所述纵剖截面上，以模拟人体外表面。该纵剖截面和覆盖件能够通过磁吸、卡扣、可重粘式粘接、形状配合等连接在一起。纵剖截面可以呈平滑的直面或弧面状、也可以呈阶梯状。In a first embodiment according to the present disclosure, the burned and/or unburned portion may be formed to simulate a longitudinal section in a human respiratory organ cut in a direction generally parallel to the respiratory tract, the longitudinal section being configured to show The morphology of the interior of the respiratory organ, for example, including one or more of color, pattern, shape, and hardness. The human airway model may also include a cover. The cover is formed separately from the prosthetic body and is complementary to the longitudinal cross-sectional shape. The cover can be overlaid on the longitudinal section to simulate the outer surface of the human body. The longitudinal section and the cover can be attached together by magnetic attraction, snap-fit, re-bondable bonding, form-fit, or the like. The longitudinal section can be a smooth straight surface, a curved surface, or a stepped shape.
在根据本公开的第二实施例中，烧伤部和/或未烧伤部可以形成为仿真人体呼吸道器官中沿着大致横向于呼吸道的方向被切开的横剖截面，该横剖截面被构造成将假体人体分成可移除地连接在一起的两个部分，并且该横剖截面用于展示呼吸道的横截面处的形态，例如包括颜色、图案、形状和硬度中的一种或多种。当在人体呼吸道模型中的多处沿着大致横向于呼吸道的方向进行切开时，假体人体被分成更多个部分。上述的两个或多个部分之间能够通过磁吸、卡扣、可重粘式粘接、形状配合等连接在一起。横剖截面可以沿垂直于呼吸道的方向延伸，或者可以沿斜向于呼吸道的方向延伸。横剖截面可以呈平滑的直面或弧面状、也可以呈阶梯状。In a second embodiment according to the present disclosure, the burned and/or unburned portion may be formed to simulate a cross-sectional section cut in a direction generally transverse to the respiratory tract in a human respiratory organ, the cross-sectional section being configured to The prosthetic body is divided into two parts that are removably connected together, and the cross-sectional section is used to demonstrate the morphology at the cross-section of the airway, including, for example, one or more of color, pattern, shape, and stiffness. The prosthetic body is divided into more parts when incisions are made at various places in the human airway model in a direction generally transverse to the airway. The above-mentioned two or more parts can be connected together by magnetic attraction, snap-fit, re-adhesive bonding, form-fit and the like. The cross-sectional section may extend in a direction perpendicular to the airway, or may extend in a direction oblique to the airway. The cross-section can be smooth straight or curved, or stepped.
下文将结合附图描述包括的烧伤部和/或未烧伤部的人体呼吸道模型的各种实施例。Various embodiments of the included burn and/or unburned human airway models will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying figures.
图1示出了包括用于表征轻度吸入性损伤的烧伤部的人体呼吸道模型1的一个实施例。如图所示，烧伤部包括呈纵剖截面形式的仿真鼻部11、仿真口腔12和仿真咽部13。设置在仿真鼻部11内的仿真鼻毛呈坚硬的烧焦状。仿真咽部12的后壁和仿真口腔13膨大并且呈鲜红色，以表征充血肿胀状。Figure 1 shows one embodiment of a
在其他实施例中，仿真鼻部11、仿真口腔12和仿真咽部13中的一个或一些可以呈纵剖截面的形式，而另一个或另一些可以以横剖截面的形式展示。在一些实施例中，仿真鼻部11、仿真口腔12和仿真咽部13中的一个或一些可以同时呈纵剖截面的形式和横剖截面的形式，并且纵剖截面和横剖截面设置在该仿真器官的不同位置处。In other embodiments, one or some of the
在一些实施例中，该人体呼吸道模型1还包括未烧伤部，所述未烧伤部包括呈正常形态的一侧的仿真鼻部11’、仿真喉部14、仿真气管15、仿真支气管16、仿真小气道17和仿真肺部18中的一者或多者。与烧伤部类似，未烧伤部可以呈纵剖截面的形式、呈横剖截面的形式、或者同时呈纵剖截面的形式和横剖截面的形式。烧伤部和未烧伤部可以分别设置在假体人体的同一仿真人体器官的左半侧和右半侧，或者可以分别设置在假体人体的同一仿真人体器官的右半侧和左半侧。In some embodiments, the
图2示出了包括用于表征中度吸入性损伤的烧伤部的人体呼吸道模型2的一个实施例。如图所示，烧伤部包括呈纵剖截面形式的仿真鼻部21、仿真口腔22、仿真咽部23、仿真喉部24和仿真气管25。设置在仿真鼻部21内的仿真鼻毛呈坚硬的烧焦状。仿真咽部22的后壁、仿真喉部23和仿真口腔24膨大并且呈鲜红色，以表征充血肿胀状。所述仿真气管25膨大且呈鲜红色并具有局部深红色以表示水肿出血状。Figure 2 shows one embodiment of a
在其他实施例中，仿真鼻部21、仿真口腔22、仿真咽部23、仿真喉部24和仿真气管25中的一个或一些可以呈纵剖截面的形式，而另一个或另一些可以以横剖截面的形式展示。在一些实施例中，仿真鼻部21、仿真口腔22、仿真咽部23、仿真喉部24和仿真气管25中的一个或一些可以同时呈纵剖截面的形式和横剖截面的形式，并且纵剖截面和横剖截面设置在该仿真器官的不同位置处。In other embodiments, one or some of the
在一些实施例中，该人体呼吸道模型2还包括未烧伤部，所述未烧伤部包括呈正常形态的一侧的仿真鼻部21’、仿真支气管26、仿真小气道27和仿真肺部28中的一者或多者。与烧伤部类似，未烧伤部可以呈纵剖截面的形式、呈横剖截面的形式、或者同时呈纵剖截面的形式和横剖截面的形式。烧伤部和未烧伤部可以分别设置在假体人体的同一仿真人体器官的左半侧和右半侧，或者可以分别设置在假体人体的同一仿真人体器官的右半侧和左半侧。In some embodiments, the human
图3示出了包括用于表征重度吸入性损伤的烧伤部的人体呼吸道模型3的一个实施例。如图所示，烧伤部包括呈纵剖截面形式的仿真鼻部31、仿真口腔32、仿真咽部33、仿真喉部34、仿真气管35、仿真支气管36、仿真小气道37和仿真肺部38。设置在仿真鼻部31内的仿真鼻毛呈坚硬的烧焦状。仿真咽部32的后壁、仿真喉部33和仿真口腔34膨大并且呈鲜红色，以表征充血肿胀状。所述仿真气管35和仿真支气管36膨大且呈鲜红色并具有局部深红色以表示水肿出血状。所述仿真小气道37呈阻塞状。所述仿真肺部38呈水肿状。Figure 3 shows one embodiment of a
在其他实施例中，仿真鼻部31、仿真口腔32、仿真咽部33、仿真喉部34、仿真气管35、仿真支气管36、仿真小气道37和仿真肺部38中的一个或一些可以呈纵剖截面的形式，而另一个或另一些可以以横剖截面的形式展示。在一些实施例中，仿真鼻部31、仿真口腔32、仿真咽部33、仿真喉部34、仿真气管35、仿真支气管36、仿真小气道37和仿真肺部38中的一个或一些可以同时呈纵剖截面的形式和横剖截面的形式，并且纵剖截面和横剖截面设置在该仿真器官的不同位置处。In other embodiments, one or some of the
在一些实施例中，该人体呼吸道模型3还包括未烧伤部，所述未烧伤部包括呈正常形态的一侧的仿真鼻部31’、一侧的仿真支气管、一侧的仿真小气道和一侧的仿真肺部中的一者或多者。与烧伤部类似，未烧伤部可以呈纵剖截面的形式、呈横剖截面的形式、或者同时呈纵剖截面的形式和横剖截面的形式。烧伤部和未烧伤部可以分别设置在假体人体的同一仿真人体器官的左半侧和右半侧，或者可以分别设置在假体人体的同一仿真人体器官的右半侧和左半侧。In some embodiments, the human
图4示出了包括用于表征重度吸入性损伤的烧伤部的人体呼吸道模型4的一个实施例。其与图3所示的实施例的不同之处在于，在该人体呼吸道模型4中，一侧的仿真肺部48呈烧伤部的形态，另一侧的仿真肺部48’呈未烧伤部的形态，以作为对照。Figure 4 shows one embodiment of a
图5为在根据本公开的实施例以横剖截面的形式示出的人体呼吸道模型5中，在重度吸入性损伤的情形下的烧伤部的一部分和用于对照的未烧伤部的一部分。图5中的左侧示出了因充血肿胀而导致内径减小的仿真支气管56，右侧示出了正常形态的内径较大的仿真支气管56’。FIG. 5 is a portion of a burned portion in the case of severe inhalation injury and a portion of an unburned portion for control in a
在根据本公开实施例中，人体呼吸道模型可以包括能够通电的区域，该区域在通电时发光，以指示重点展示部位。In an embodiment according to the present disclosure, the human respiratory tract model may include an area capable of being energized, and the area emits light when energized to indicate a key display part.
根据本公开的用于展示吸入性损伤的人体呼吸道模型直白易懂地示出了在各个损伤程度下人体呼吸道的变化，从而有助于对吸入性损伤知识的理解和学习，提高教学质量。The human respiratory tract model for displaying inhalation injury according to the present disclosure directly and easily shows the changes of the human respiratory tract under various degrees of injury, thereby facilitating the understanding and learning of inhalation injury knowledge and improving teaching quality.
虽然已经描述了本公开的示范实施例，但是本领域技术人员应当理解的是，在本质上不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下能够对本公开的示范实施例进行多种变化和改变。因此，所有变化和改变均包含在权利要求所限定的本公开的保护范围内。本公开由附加的权利要求限定，并且这些权利要求的等同物也包含在内。Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure without materially departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, all changes and modifications are included within the scope of protection of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. The disclosure is defined by the appended claims, with equivalents of the claims to be included.
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