CN111668423A - Battery modules, power battery packs and vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本公开涉及一种电池模组、动力电池包和车辆，所述电池模组包括模组端盖和若干单体电池，所述单体电池上设置有防爆阀，所述模组端盖上设置有若干与所述防爆阀一一对应的排气孔，至少部分所述排气孔的外侧设置有导气结构，所述导气结构用于将气体沿与所述排气孔的中心线成角度的方向引导，以避免气体直接作用到与所述排气孔相对设置的其他零部件上，例如作用到其他电池模组上。由于气体流动方向与排气孔的中心线呈角度设置，使得气体不会直接作用到其他电池模组上，从而不会导致其他电池模组中的单体电池的温度大幅升高，继而不会导致其他电池模组中的单体电池出现热失控。

The present disclosure relates to a battery module, a power battery pack and a vehicle. The battery module includes a module end cover and a plurality of single cells, the single cells are provided with an explosion-proof valve, and the module end cover is provided with an explosion-proof valve. There are a number of exhaust holes corresponding to the explosion-proof valve one-to-one, and at least part of the outside of the exhaust holes is provided with an air guide structure, and the air guide structure is used to guide the gas along the center line of the exhaust hole. The direction of the angle is guided to prevent the gas from directly acting on other components arranged opposite to the exhaust hole, such as acting on other battery modules. Since the gas flow direction and the center line of the exhaust hole are set at an angle, the gas will not directly act on other battery modules, so that the temperature of the single cells in other battery modules will not be greatly increased, and then the Causes thermal runaway of single cells in other battery modules.

Description

Translated fromChinese

电池模组、动力电池包和车辆Battery modules, power battery packs and vehicles

技术领域technical field

本公开涉及电动汽车领域，具体地，涉及一种电池模组、动力电池包和车辆。The present disclosure relates to the field of electric vehicles, and in particular, to a battery module, a power battery pack and a vehicle.

背景技术Background technique

如图1所示，电池模组端盖上开设有排气孔1，当一个模组中的单体电池发生热失控时，对应单体电池的防爆阀将会开启，单体电池内部的高温气体通过模组端盖上的排气孔1排出。由于动力电池包中设置有多个电池模组，当高温气体从排气孔1排出时会直接喷射到与该模组相对设置的其他电池模组上，使得其他电池模组中的单体电池因受高温气体影响的温度急剧上升，导致热失控的迅速传递，越来越多的单体电池发生热失控。As shown in Figure 1, the end cover of the battery module is provided with anexhaust hole 1. When the single battery in a module is thermally out of control, the explosion-proof valve of the corresponding single battery will be opened, and the high temperature inside the single battery will be opened. The gas is exhausted through theexhaust hole 1 on the end cover of the module. Since there are multiple battery modules in the power battery pack, when the high-temperature gas is discharged from theexhaust hole 1, it will be directly sprayed on other battery modules arranged opposite to the module, so that the single cells in the other battery modules are Due to the sharp rise in temperature affected by the high temperature gas, resulting in the rapid transfer of thermal runaway, more and more single cells have thermal runaway.

为了解决上述问题，通常做法是在相对的电池模组之间设置隔板以阻挡气体。但这样的技术方案至少存在以下缺点：第一、由于纵向隔板330的存在，高温气体排出模组端盖后不能及时扩散，虽不影响对面模组中的单体电池，但会影响同一个模组中位于热失控单体电池左右两侧的单体电池；第二、托盘加装隔板，重量大幅增加，不利于轻量化设计；第三、托盘用料多，成本高；第四、增加的隔板会占用更多空间，不利于其他零部件的布置。In order to solve the above problems, a common practice is to provide separators between opposite battery modules to block gas. However, such a technical solution has at least the following disadvantages: First, due to the existence of thelongitudinal separator 330, the high-temperature gas cannot diffuse in time after being discharged from the end cover of the module. Although it does not affect the single battery in the opposite module, it will affect the same one The single cells in the module are located on the left and right sides of the thermally runaway single cell; second, the tray is equipped with a separator, which greatly increases the weight, which is not conducive to lightweight design; third, the tray uses a lot of materials and the cost is high; fourth, The added partition will take up more space, which is not conducive to the arrangement of other components.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本公开的目的是提供一种电池模组，该电池模组设置有导气结构，能够将气体以指定的方向导出，使得气体不会直接作用到与排气孔相对设置的其他零部件上，例如其他电池模组上。The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a battery module, the battery module is provided with a gas guide structure, which can lead out the gas in a specified direction, so that the gas will not directly act on other components arranged opposite to the exhaust hole, For example on other battery modules.

为了实现上述目的，本公开提供一种电池模组，包括模组端盖和若干单体电池，所述单体电池上设置有防爆阀，所述模组端盖上设置有若干与所述防爆阀一一对应的排气孔，至少部分所述排气孔的外侧设置有导气结构，所述导气结构用于将气体沿与所述排气孔的中心线成角度的方向引导，以避免气体直接作用到与所述排气孔相对设置的其他零部件上。In order to achieve the above purpose, the present disclosure provides a battery module, including a module end cover and a plurality of single cells, the single cells are provided with explosion-proof valves, and the module end cover is provided with a plurality of explosion-proof valves. The exhaust holes corresponding to the valves one-to-one, and at least part of the outer sides of the exhaust holes are provided with an air guide structure, and the air guide structure is used to guide the gas along the direction angled with the center line of the exhaust hole, so as to Avoid direct action of gas on other components arranged opposite to the vent hole.

可选地，所述导气结构的气体引导方向大体垂直于所述排气孔的中心线。Optionally, the gas guiding direction of the gas guiding structure is substantially perpendicular to the center line of the exhaust hole.

可选地，各个导气结构的气体引导方向相同。Optionally, the gas guiding directions of each gas guiding structure are the same.

可选地，所述导气结构一体成型在所述模组端盖上。Optionally, the air guide structure is integrally formed on the module end cover.

可选地，所述导气结构包括挡板和连接部，所述连接部位于所述挡板与所述模组端盖之间，所述连接部用于将所述挡板连接在所述模组端盖上，所述挡板与所述模组端盖之间留有排气间隙。Optionally, the air guide structure includes a baffle plate and a connecting portion, the connecting portion is located between the baffle plate and the module end cover, and the connecting portion is used to connect the baffle plate to the module end cover. On the module end cover, an exhaust gap is left between the baffle and the module end cover.

可选地，所述导气结构包括挡板和连接部，所述挡板与所述防爆阀相对设置，所述连接部沿所述挡板的一部分周缘延伸且与所述模组端盖相连。Optionally, the air guide structure includes a baffle plate and a connecting portion, the baffle plate is arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve, and the connecting portion extends along a part of the periphery of the baffle plate and is connected to the module end cover .

可选地，所述挡板与所述排气孔的形状及面积相同，所述连接部沿所述排气孔的一部分周缘延伸。Optionally, the baffle and the exhaust hole have the same shape and area, and the connecting portion extends along a part of the periphery of the exhaust hole.

可选地，所述模组端盖包括构造成长方体结构的上盖板、第一侧板、第二侧板、第三侧板和第四侧板，所述排气孔和所述导气结构设置在所述第一侧板上。Optionally, the module end cover includes an upper cover plate, a first side plate, a second side plate, a third side plate and a fourth side plate configured as a cuboid structure, the exhaust hole and the air guide A structure is provided on the first side panel.

可选地，所述第一侧板为金属或阻燃性非金属，所述导气结构一体成型在所述第一侧板上。Optionally, the first side plate is made of metal or flame-retardant non-metal, and the air guide structure is integrally formed on the first side plate.

可选地，所述导气结构的内壁上设置有耐高温膜。Optionally, a high temperature resistant film is provided on the inner wall of the air guide structure.

通过上述技术方案，在单体电池发生例如热失控异常时，气体依次流经模组端盖上的排气孔和导气结构，在导气结构引导作用下，气体排出模组端盖外侧时，由于其流动方向与排气孔的中心线呈角度设置，使得气体不会直接作用到与该电池模组相对的其他零部件上，例如不会作用到其他电池模组上，从而不会导致其他电池模组中的单体电池的温度大幅升高，继而不会导致其他电池模组中的单体电池出现热失控。Through the above technical solution, when the single battery has abnormal thermal runaway, for example, the gas flows through the exhaust holes and the gas guide structure on the end cover of the module in sequence. , because its flow direction is set at an angle to the center line of the exhaust hole, the gas will not directly act on other components opposite to the battery module, such as other battery modules, so that it will not cause The temperature of the single cells in the other battery modules is greatly increased, so as not to cause thermal runaway of the single cells in the other battery modules.

另外，相较于现有技术中在相对的两个电池模组之间设置隔板阻挡高温气体的技术方案，本公开的在模组端盖上设置导气结构的方案至少具有以下优势：第一、由于设置有导气结构，布置在动力电池包中时，相对设置的电池模组之间可省去隔板，有利于动力电池包的轻量化，能降低成本，同时能够节约了空间，便于其他零部件的布置；第二、由于每个排气孔对应设置有一个导气结构，即，每一个单体电池对应有一个导气结构，使得在导气过程中，同一个电池模组中的每个单体电池能够独立进气排气，相互之间不会产生影响。In addition, compared with the technical solution in the prior art that a separator is arranged between two opposite battery modules to block high-temperature gas, the solution of arranging a gas guide structure on the module end cover of the present disclosure has at least the following advantages: 1. Due to the air guide structure, when it is arranged in the power battery pack, the partition plate can be omitted between the oppositely arranged battery modules, which is beneficial to the lightweight of the power battery pack, reduces the cost, and saves space at the same time. It is convenient for the arrangement of other components; secondly, because each vent hole is provided with a corresponding air guide structure, that is, each single battery has a corresponding air guide structure, so that during the air guide process, the same battery module Each single cell in the battery can be independently inhaled and exhausted without affecting each other.

根据本公开的另一方面，提供一种动力电池包，包括电池托盘和若干上述的电池模组，所述电池托盘包括托盘本体和托盘盖板，所述托盘盖板与所述托盘本体密封连接并共同形成用于容纳所述电池模组的密闭空间。According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a power battery pack is provided, comprising a battery tray and a plurality of the above-mentioned battery modules, the battery tray includes a tray body and a tray cover, and the tray cover is hermetically connected to the tray body and together form a closed space for accommodating the battery module.

可选地，所述模组端盖包括构造成长方体结构的上盖板、第一侧板、第二侧板、第三侧板和第四侧板，所述上盖板与所述托盘盖板相对，所述排气孔和所述导气结构设置在所述第一侧板上。Optionally, the module end cover includes an upper cover plate, a first side plate, a second side plate, a third side plate, and a fourth side plate configured as a cuboid structure, the upper cover plate and the tray cover The plates are opposite to each other, and the exhaust hole and the air guide structure are arranged on the first side plate.

根据本公开的又一方面，提供一种车辆，包括上述的动力电池包。本公开提供的电池包安全性能大大提高。According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle is provided, including the above-mentioned power battery pack. The safety performance of the battery pack provided by the present disclosure is greatly improved.

本公开的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the detailed description that follows.

附图说明Description of drawings

附图是用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本公开，但并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中：The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, and constitute a part of the specification, and together with the following detailed description, are used to explain the present disclosure, but not to limit the present disclosure. In the attached image:

图1是现有技术提供的电池模组的立体结构示意图；1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a battery module provided by the prior art;

图2是现有技术提供的动力电池包的立体结构示意图，其中隐去了电池包的上盖板；2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a power battery pack provided by the prior art, wherein the upper cover plate of the battery pack is hidden;

图3是本公开一种实施方式的电池模组的立体结构示意图；3 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

图4是本公开一种实施方式的电池模组的结构爆炸示意图；4 is a schematic exploded view of the structure of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

图5是本公开一种实施方式的电池模组的局部放大示意图；5 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

图6是本公开另一种实施方式的电池模组的立体结构示意图；6 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

图7是本公开一种实施方式的电池模组中单体电池排气的示意图；7 is a schematic diagram of exhaust gas of a single cell in a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

图8是本公开一种实施方式的动力电池包的立体结构示意图，其中隐去了电池包的上盖板。8 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a power battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the upper cover of the battery pack is hidden.

附图标记说明Description of reference numerals

1 排气孔 2 导气结构1Exhaust hole 2 Air guide structure

21 挡板 22 连接部21 Baffle 22 Connection

31 第一侧板 32 第二侧板31First side panel 32 Second side panel

33 第三侧板 34 第四侧板33Third side panel 34 Fourth side panel

35 上盖板 36 下盖板35Upper cover 36 Lower cover

4 导气口 100 单体电池4Air guide 100 cells

110 防爆阀 200 电池模组110 Explosion-proof valve 200 Battery module

300 托盘本体 310 底板300Tray body 310 Bottom plate

320 边梁 330 纵向隔板320Side beams 330 Longitudinal partitions

340 横向隔板 1000 动力电池包340Lateral Separator 1000 Power Battery Pack

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下结合附图对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开，并不用于限制本公开。The specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure, but not to limit the present disclosure.

在本公开中，在未作相反说明的情况下，使用的方位词如“上、下、左、右”通常与车辆正常行驶时的上、下、左、右的含义相同，“内、外”是相关零部件轮廓的内、外。In the present disclosure, unless otherwise stated, the directional words used such as "up, down, left and right" usually have the same meaning as up, down, left and right when the vehicle is running normally, "inside, outside" ” is the inside and outside of the associated component profile.

如图3至图8所示，根据本公开的一方面，提供了一种电池模组，该电池模组包括模组端盖和若干单体电池100，单体电池100上设置有防爆阀110，模组端盖上设置有若干与防爆阀110一一对应的排气孔1，至少部分排气孔1的外侧设置有导气结构2，导气结构2用于将气体沿与排气孔1的中心线成角度的方向引导，以避免气体直接作用到与排气孔1相对设置的其他零部件上。As shown in FIGS. 3 to 8 , according to an aspect of the present disclosure, a battery module is provided, the battery module includes a module end cover and a plurality ofsingle cells 100 , and thesingle cells 100 are provided with explosion-proof valves 110 , the module end cover is provided with a number ofexhaust holes 1 corresponding to the explosion-proof valve 110 one-to-one, and at least part of the outside of theexhaust holes 1 is provided with agas guide structure 2, and thegas guide structure 2 is used to guide the gas along the exhaust hole. The centerline of 1 is directed in an angled direction to avoid direct action of the gas on other components located opposite to thevent 1.

通过上述技术方案，在单体电池100发生例如热失控异常时，气体依次流经模组端盖上的排气孔1和导气结构2，在导气结构2引导作用下，气体排出模组端盖外侧时，由于其流动方向与排气孔1的中心线呈角度设置，使得气体不会直接作用到与该电池模组200相对的其他零部件上，例如不会作用到其他电池模组上，从而不会导致其他电池模组中的单体电池的温度大幅升高，继而不会导致其他电池模组中的单体电池出现热失控。Through the above technical solution, when theunit cell 100 is abnormally thermally runaway, for example, the gas flows through theexhaust hole 1 and thegas guide structure 2 on the end cover of the module in turn. Under the guidance of thegas guide structure 2, the gas is discharged from the module. When the end cap is on the outside, since its flow direction is set at an angle with the center line of theexhaust hole 1, the gas will not directly act on other components opposite to thebattery module 200, such as other battery modules. Therefore, the temperature of the single cells in the other battery modules will not be greatly increased, and then the single cells in the other battery modules will not be thermally runaway.

另外，相较于现有技术中在相对的两个电池模组200之间设置隔板(如图2所示的纵向隔板330)阻挡高温气体的技术方案，本公开的在模组端盖上设置导气结构2的方案至少具有以下优势：第一，由于设置有导气结构2，如图8所示，布置在动力电池包1000中时，相对设置的电池模组之间可省去隔板330，有利于动力电池包1000的轻量化，能降低成本，同时能够节约空间，便于其他零部件的布置；第二、由于每个排气孔1对应设置有一个导气结构2，即，每一个单体电池100对应有一个导气结构2，使得在导气过程中，同一个电池模组200中的每个单体电池100能够独立进行排气，并且由于没有隔板的阻隔作用，气体从导气结构2排出后能够快速扩散，相互之间不会产生影响。In addition, compared to the technical solution in the prior art in which a separator (thelongitudinal separator 330 shown in FIG. 2 ) is arranged between twoopposite battery modules 200 to block high temperature gas, the module end cap of the present disclosure The solution of disposing theair guide structure 2 on the top has at least the following advantages: First, since theair guide structure 2 is provided, as shown in FIG. Theseparator 330 is beneficial to the lightening of thepower battery pack 1000, which can reduce the cost, save space, and facilitate the arrangement of other components; , eachunit cell 100 corresponds to anair guide structure 2, so that during the air guide process, eachunit cell 100 in thesame battery module 200 can be independently exhausted, and because there is no barrier effect of the separator , the gas can diffuse quickly after being discharged from thegas guide structure 2 without affecting each other.

可选地，导气结构2的气体引导方向大体垂直于所述排气孔1的中心线。这样，气体的流动方向大体垂直于排气孔1的中心线，保证气体不会直接作用到与该电池模组相对的其他电池模组上，从而最大程度地避免由于该单体电池的热失控而导致其他电池模组中的单体电池的温度短时间内大幅升高，减缓热失控的扩散，继而最大程度地减少由于该单体电池热失控而引起其他电池模组中的单体电池出现热失控现象的发生。Optionally, the gas guiding direction of thegas guiding structure 2 is substantially perpendicular to the center line of theexhaust hole 1 . In this way, the flow direction of the gas is generally perpendicular to the center line of theexhaust hole 1 to ensure that the gas will not directly act on other battery modules opposite to the battery module, thereby avoiding thermal runaway of the single battery to the greatest extent. As a result, the temperature of the single cells in other battery modules increases significantly in a short period of time, which slows down the spread of thermal runaway and minimizes the occurrence of single cells in other battery modules caused by the thermal runaway of the single cell. The occurrence of thermal runaway.

进一步地，如图3至图5、图8所示，各个导气结构2的气体引导方向可均相同，以使得导气结构2呈规律布置，简化模组端盖的加工。在本公开的其他实施方式中，各个导气结构2的气体引导方向可以不同，只要能够顺利引导气体且不会对该电池模组以及其他电池模组中的单体电池造成影响即可。Further, as shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 and FIG. 8 , the gas guiding directions of eachair guide structure 2 can be the same, so that theair guide structures 2 are arranged regularly, which simplifies the processing of the module end cover. In other embodiments of the present disclosure, the gas guiding directions of eachgas guide structure 2 may be different, as long as the gas can be smoothly guided without affecting the single cells in the battery module and other battery modules.

其中，导气结构2即可一体成型在模组端盖上，也可分别单独加工，并通过焊接等连接方式将导气结构2安装到模组端盖上。出于简化加工及装配工艺的角度，在本公开的一种实施方式中，导气结构2一体成型在模组端盖上。Wherein, theair guide structure 2 can be integrally formed on the module end cover, or can be processed separately, and theair guide structure 2 can be installed on the module end cover by welding or other connection methods. In order to simplify the processing and assembly process, in an embodiment of the present disclosure, theair guide structure 2 is integrally formed on the module end cover.

在本公开中，导气结构2可具有任意适当的结构和形状。在一种实施方式中，如图3至图5所示，导气结构2包括挡板21和连接部22，连接部22位于挡板21与模组端盖之间，连接部22用于将挡板21连接在模组端盖上，挡板21与模组端盖之间留有排气间隙。具体地，如图5所示，挡板21可与防爆阀110相对设置，连接部22沿挡板21的一部分周缘延伸且与模组端盖相连，挡板21与模组端盖之间形成有供气流通过的导气口4。这样，由于挡板21的阻挡作用，迫使气体改变流动方向，并从导气口4中排出，流动方向大致与排气孔1的中心线垂直，能够有效避免气体直接作用到其他电池模组上。在本公开的其他可替换的实施方式中，导气结构2可构造为一端开放，另一端封闭且侧壁上开孔的导气罩，该导气罩的开放端连接于模组端盖并罩设住模组端盖上的排气孔1。In the present disclosure, theair guide structure 2 may have any suitable structure and shape. In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 , theair guide structure 2 includes abaffle 21 and a connectingportion 22 , the connectingportion 22 is located between thebaffle 21 and the module end cover, and the connectingportion 22 is used to connect the Thebaffle 21 is connected to the module end cover, and an exhaust gap is left between thebaffle 21 and the module end cover. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5 , thebaffle 21 may be disposed opposite the explosion-proof valve 110 , the connectingportion 22 extends along a part of the periphery of thebaffle 21 and is connected to the module end cover, and thebaffle 21 and the module end cover are formed between thebaffle 21 and the module end cover. There is anair guide port 4 for air to pass through. In this way, due to the blocking effect of thebaffle 21, the gas is forced to change the flow direction and be discharged from thegas guide port 4. The flow direction is approximately perpendicular to the centerline of theexhaust hole 1, which can effectively prevent the gas from directly acting on other battery modules. In other alternative embodiments of the present disclosure, theair guide structure 2 may be configured as an air guide hood with one end open and the other end closed with openings on the side wall, the open end of the air guide hood is connected to the module end cover and The cover sets theexhaust hole 1 on the end cover of the module.

需要说明的是，在本实施方式中，为了便于单体电池100上的防爆阀110开启，挡板21与模组端盖之间应该保证适合的距离，该距离的具体数值可根据防爆阀110类型及尺寸、防爆阀110的外端部凸出模组端盖的距离等实际情况而定，本公开对比不作限制。另外，防爆阀110可采用现有技术中采用的类型，这里不再赘述。It should be noted that, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate the opening of the explosion-proof valve 110 on thesingle battery 100, a suitable distance should be ensured between thebaffle 21 and the module end cover, and the specific value of the distance can be determined according to the explosion-proof valve 110. The type and size, the distance at which the outer end of the explosion-proof valve 110 protrudes from the module end cover, etc. depends on the actual situation, and the comparison is not limited in the present disclosure. In addition, the explosion-proof valve 110 may adopt the type used in the prior art, and details are not described herein again.

进一步地，如图3至图5所示，每个导气口4可位于对应的导气结构2的同一侧，以使每个导气结构2对气流的引导方向相同。这样，从位于后侧的导气结构2中导出的气体不会从位于前侧的导气结构2的导气口4回流至电池模组200内，能够进一步降低同一个电池模组200内的单体电池100之间热传递的概率。Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 , eachair guide port 4 may be located on the same side of the correspondingair guide structure 2 , so that eachair guide structure 2 guides the airflow in the same direction. In this way, the gas derived from theair guide structure 2 located on the rear side will not flow back into thebattery module 200 from theair guide port 4 of theair guide structure 2 located on the front side, which can further reduce thesingle battery module 200 in thesame battery module 200. The probability of heat transfer between thebulk cells 100.

另外，如图5所示，挡板21可与排气孔1的形状及面积相同，连接部22沿排气孔1的一部分周缘延伸，以尽量减小导气结构2的尺寸，节约材料。其中，排气孔1可为圆孔，挡板21可为圆形挡板，以便于加工。In addition, as shown in FIG. 5 , thebaffle 21 may have the same shape and area as theexhaust hole 1 , and the connectingportion 22 extends along a part of the periphery of theexhaust hole 1 to minimize the size of theair guide structure 2 and save materials. Wherein, theexhaust hole 1 can be a circular hole, and thebaffle 21 can be a circular baffle to facilitate processing.

在本公开中，模组端盖可为任意适当的结构和形状。如图3和图4所示，模组端盖可以包括构造成长方体结构的上盖板35、第一侧板31、第二侧板32、第三侧板33和第四侧板34，其中，排气孔1和导气结构2可设置在第一侧板31上。这样，在如图8所示的电池包中，根据本申请的电池模组，在左右方向上相邻两个电池模组之间不会产生相互影响。在本公开的其他可替换的实施方式中，根据单体电池100的防爆阀110的布置位置，排气孔1和导气结构2可设置在模组端盖的其他侧板上，如设置在上述实施方式中的上盖板35。这样，当上盖板35的上方还设置有其他结构，例如设置有电池包的上盖板时，由于设置有导气结构2，气体不会直接作用到该上盖板上，能够有效避免对该上盖板造成损害。In the present disclosure, the module end caps may be of any suitable structure and shape. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , the module end cover may include an upper cover plate 35 , afirst side plate 31 , asecond side plate 32 , athird side plate 33 and afourth side plate 34 configured as a rectangular parallelepiped structure, wherein , theexhaust hole 1 and theair guide structure 2 can be arranged on thefirst side plate 31 . In this way, in the battery pack shown in FIG. 8 , according to the battery module of the present application, there is no mutual influence between two adjacent battery modules in the left-right direction. In other alternative embodiments of the present disclosure, according to the arrangement position of the explosion-proof valve 110 of thesingle battery 100, theexhaust hole 1 and theair guide structure 2 may be arranged on other side plates of the module end cover, such as arranged on The upper cover plate 35 in the above embodiment. In this way, when other structures are arranged above the upper cover plate 35, for example, the upper cover plate of the battery pack is arranged, due to thegas guide structure 2, the gas will not directly act on the upper cover plate, which can effectively avoid the damage to the upper cover plate. Damage to the upper cover.

另外，在本公开其他实施方式中，模组端盖还可以包括下盖板36，此时，根据设计需要，可将排气孔1和导气结构2设置在下盖板36上。In addition, in other embodiments of the present disclosure, the module end cover may further include alower cover plate 36 . At this time, according to design requirements, theexhaust hole 1 and theair guide structure 2 may be arranged on thelower cover plate 36 .

在本公开中，模组端盖具有的侧板的数量也可以根据需要设置，其数量可以为1、2、3、4等。In the present disclosure, the number of side plates provided by the module end cap can also be set as required, and the number can be 1, 2, 3, 4, etc.

为了能够抵抗高温气体的冲击且避免出现模组端盖发生起火情况，第一侧板31可为金属或阻燃性非金属，例如采用耐高温陶瓷或耐高温复合材料等。其中，如前文所述，导气结构2可一体成型在第一侧板31上。In order to be able to resist the impact of high temperature gas and prevent the module end cover from catching fire, thefirst side plate 31 can be metal or flame-retardant non-metal, such as high temperature resistant ceramics or high temperature resistant composite materials. Wherein, as mentioned above, theair guide structure 2 can be integrally formed on thefirst side plate 31 .

另外，导气结构2的内壁上可设置耐高温膜，以更好地抵抗高温气体的冲击，保护导气结构2免受高温气体的破坏。In addition, a high temperature resistant film can be provided on the inner wall of thegas guide structure 2 to better resist the impact of high temperature gas and protect thegas guide structure 2 from damage by the high temperature gas.

另外，模组端盖的盖板和侧板的成型方式可为开模成型、板材冲压、焊接加工等。In addition, the forming methods of the cover plate and the side plate of the module end cover may be open-die forming, sheet stamping, welding processing, and the like.

在本公开中，导气结构2在第一侧板31上的位置以及排布方式可根据单体电池100的防爆阀110的位置而定。在一种实施方式中，如图3和图4所示，防爆阀110位于单体电池100的后端盖的一侧且相邻的单体电池100的防爆防110不在同一侧，此时，对应地，第一侧板31上形成有上下两排导气结构2。在本公开的另一种实施方式，如图6所示，防爆阀110位于单体电池100的后端盖的中部，多个单体电池100的防爆阀110位于同一高度，对应地，第一侧板31上形成有一排导气结构2。In the present disclosure, the position and arrangement of thegas guide structure 2 on thefirst side plate 31 may be determined according to the position of the explosion-proof valve 110 of thesingle cell 100 . In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the explosion-proof valve 110 is located on one side of the rear end cover of theunit cell 100 and the explosion-proof valve 110 of theadjacent unit cell 100 is not on the same side. In this case, Correspondingly, two upper and lower rows ofair guide structures 2 are formed on thefirst side plate 31 . In another embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. 6 , the explosion-proof valve 110 is located in the middle of the rear end cover of thesingle battery 100 , and the explosion-proof valves 110 of the plurality ofsingle batteries 100 are located at the same height. Correspondingly, the first A row ofair guide structures 2 is formed on theside plate 31 .

如图8所示，根据本公开的另一方面，提供一种动力电池包，该电池包包括电池托盘和上述的电池模组200，电池托盘包括托盘本体300和托盘盖板，托盘盖板与托盘本体300密封连接并共同形成用于容纳电池模组200的密闭空间，托盘本体300可以包括底板310、边梁320、以及若干隔板，边梁320设置在底板310的四周，若干隔板设置在底板310上并且将底板310分隔成若干用于放置电池模组200的区域。As shown in FIG. 8 , according to another aspect of the present disclosure, a power battery pack is provided. The battery pack includes a battery tray and the above-mentionedbattery module 200 . The battery tray includes atray body 300 and a tray cover. The tray cover is connected to the battery tray. Thetray body 300 is sealed and connected to form a closed space for accommodating thebattery module 200. Thetray body 300 may include abottom plate 310, side beams 320, and several partitions. The side beams 320 are arranged around thebottom plate 310, and several partitions are arranged On thebottom plate 310 and dividing thebottom plate 310 into several areas for placing thebattery modules 200 .

其中，如图3、图4和图8所示，模组端盖可以包括构造成长方体结构的上盖板35、第一侧板31、第二侧板32、第三侧板33和第四侧板34，第一侧板31与第二侧板32相对设置，上盖板35与托盘盖板相对，排气孔1和导气结构2设置在模组端盖上，以防止电池模组200排出的气体影响到其他零部件，例如，可以将排气孔1和导气结构2设置在第一侧板31上。这样，在左右方向上相对的两个电池模组200中其中一者的模组端盖的第一侧板31与另一者的模组端盖的第二侧板32相对设置，在前后方向上相对的两个电池模组之间设置有横向隔板340。具体地，如图8所示，位于托盘本体300左侧的电池模组200的第一侧板31与位于托盘本体300右侧的电池模组200的第二侧板32相对设置，由于从左侧的电池模组200排出的气体的流动方向与第二侧板32平行，使得气体喷出后不会影响右侧的电池模组200。可选地，在本公开其他实施例中，模组端盖还可以包括下盖板36，下盖板36与托盘本体300的底板310相对设置。Wherein, as shown in FIGS. 3 , 4 and 8 , the module end cover may include an upper cover plate 35 , afirst side plate 31 , asecond side plate 32 , athird side plate 33 and a fourth side plate 35 configured as a cuboid structure.Side plate 34, thefirst side plate 31 and thesecond side plate 32 are arranged opposite to each other, the upper cover plate 35 is opposite to the tray cover plate, theexhaust hole 1 and theair guide structure 2 are arranged on the module end cover to prevent the battery module The gas discharged from 200 affects other components, for example, theexhaust hole 1 and thegas guide structure 2 may be arranged on thefirst side plate 31 . In this way, thefirst side plate 31 of the module end cover of one of the twobattery modules 200 facing each other in the left-right direction is disposed opposite to thesecond side plate 32 of the module end cover of the other, in the front-rear direction. Atransverse separator 340 is disposed between the two battery modules facing each other. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8 , thefirst side plate 31 of thebattery module 200 located on the left side of thetray body 300 is disposed opposite to thesecond side plate 32 of thebattery module 200 located on the right side of thetray body 300 . The flow direction of the gas discharged from thebattery module 200 on the side is parallel to thesecond side plate 32 , so that the gas will not affect thebattery module 200 on the right after the gas is ejected. Optionally, in other embodiments of the present disclosure, the module end cover may further include alower cover plate 36 , and thelower cover plate 36 is disposed opposite to thebottom plate 310 of thetray body 300 .

如图2所示，在现有技术的托盘中，隔板包括纵向隔板330和横向隔板340，并且在左右方向上相对的两个电池模组200之间设置有纵向隔板330，以阻挡高温气体，在前后方向上相对的两个电池模组200之间设置有横向隔板340。如图8所示，在本公开提供的托盘中，省去了纵向隔板330。相较于现有技术的托盘，本公开的托盘结构得以简化，电池模组200摆放更加灵活，空间利用率增加，成本降低。而且单体电池100的气体排出电池模组200后，气体会沿一个方向排出，气体不会滞留在失控的单体电池100附近，可迅速扩散，因而热失控单体电池100周围温度不会急剧升高，有助减缓热扩散过程。As shown in FIG. 2 , in the prior art tray, the separator includes alongitudinal separator 330 and atransverse separator 340 , and avertical separator 330 is provided between the twobattery modules 200 facing each other in the left-right direction, so as to To block high temperature gas, atransverse partition 340 is disposed between the twobattery modules 200 facing each other in the front-rear direction. As shown in FIG. 8, in the tray provided by the present disclosure, thelongitudinal partitions 330 are omitted. Compared with the tray in the prior art, the tray structure of the present disclosure is simplified, thebattery module 200 can be placed more flexibly, the space utilization rate is increased, and the cost is reduced. In addition, after the gas of thesingle cell 100 is discharged from thebattery module 200, the gas will be discharged in one direction, and the gas will not stay near the runawaysingle cell 100 and can be rapidly diffused, so the temperature around the thermally runawaysingle cell 100 will not be sharp. rise, which helps to slow down the thermal diffusion process.

根据本公开的又一方面，提供一种车辆，该车辆包括上述的动力电池包1000。本公开提供的电池包安全性能大大提高。According to yet another aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle is provided, which includes the above-mentionedpower battery pack 1000 . The safety performance of the battery pack provided by the present disclosure is greatly improved.

以上结合附图详细描述了本公开的优选实施方式，但是，本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本公开的技术构思范围内，可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described above in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above-mentioned embodiments. Various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure. These simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。In addition, it should be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above-mentioned specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner unless they are inconsistent. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure provides The combination method will not be specified otherwise.

此外，本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本公开的思想，其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。In addition, the various embodiments of the present disclosure can also be arbitrarily combined, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed in the present disclosure.

Claims (13)

1. The utility model provides a battery module, its characterized in that, includes module end cover and a plurality of battery cell (100), be provided with explosion-proof valve (110) on battery cell (100), be provided with on the module end cover a plurality of with exhaust hole (1) of explosion-proof valve (110) one-to-one, at least part the outside of exhaust hole (1) is provided with air guide structure (2), air guide structure (2) be used for with gas along with the direction guide that the central line of exhaust hole (1) becomes angle to avoid gaseous direct action with on the other spare parts of exhaust hole (1) relative setting.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas guiding direction of the gas guiding structure (2) is substantially perpendicular to the center line of the gas vent (1).

3. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas guiding directions of the gas guiding structures (2) are the same.

4. A battery module according to any of claims 1-3, characterised in that the air guiding structure (2) is integrated in the module end cover.

5. A battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the air guiding structure (2) comprises a baffle (21) and a connecting part (22), the connecting part (22) being located between the baffle (21) and the module end cap, the connecting part (22) being used to connect the baffle (21) to the module end cap, a venting gap being left between the baffle (21) and the module end cap.

6. The battery module according to claim 5, wherein the air guide structure (2) comprises a baffle plate (21) and a connecting portion (22), the baffle plate (21) being disposed opposite the explosion-proof valve (110), the connecting portion (22) extending along a portion of the periphery of the baffle plate (21) and being connected to the module end cap.

7. The battery module according to claim 6, wherein the baffle (21) has the same shape and area as the vent hole (1), and the connection part (22) extends along a part of the circumference of the vent hole (1).

8. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the module end cap comprises an upper cap plate (35), a first side plate (31), a second side plate (32), a third side plate (33) and a fourth side plate (34) configured in a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the exhaust holes (1) and the air guide structures (2) being provided on the first side plate (31).

9. The battery module according to claim 8, wherein the first side plate (31) is metal or flame retardant non-metal, and the air guide structure (2) is integrally formed on the first side plate (31).

10. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a high temperature resistant film is arranged on the inner wall of the gas guide structure (2).

11. A power battery pack comprising a battery tray and a plurality of battery modules (200) as set forth in any of claims 1-10, the battery tray comprising a tray body (300) and a tray cover plate, the tray cover plate and the tray body (300) being hermetically connected and together forming a hermetic space for accommodating the battery modules (200).

12. The power battery pack according to claim 11, wherein the module end cover comprises an upper cover plate (35), a first side plate (31), a second side plate (32), a third side plate (33) and a fourth side plate (34) configured in a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the upper cover plate (35) is opposite to the tray cover plate, and the exhaust holes (1) and the air guide structures (2) are provided on the first side plate (31).

13. A vehicle, characterized by comprising a power battery pack (1000) according to claim 11 or 12.

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