CN111650279A - Wheel type elastic wave detector and detection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a wheel type elastic wave detector and a detection method, wherein the wheel type elastic wave detector comprises the following components: the transducer is fixed at the axis position between the transducer fixing plates; inner base plates are arranged on two sides of the transducer fixing plate and connected with the transducer fixing plate through a transducer fixing rod to form a rim; the tire is coated on the outer part of the rim; the centers of the outer surfaces of the inner backing plates are respectively provided with a wheel shaft; the wheel shafts are respectively sleeved with an outer pressing plate, and tires are clamped between the outer pressing plate and the inner backing plate; the outer wheel shafts of the outer pressing plates are respectively sleeved with bearings; the outer end part of the wheel shaft is respectively provided with a liquid charging valve and a discharge valve which are respectively communicated with the interior of the rim through a channel axially penetrating through the wheel shaft; an electric slip ring is arranged on a wheel shaft between the liquid filling valve and the bearing, and the electric slip ring is in signal connection with the transducer; the vibration transmission medium is filled in the tire. The invention is not influenced by shaking of an instrument in the moving process and the like, has good interference resistance, can move and acquire data at the same time, and greatly improves the detection efficiency and the data quality.

Description

Wheel type elastic wave detector and detection method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering detection, in particular to a wheel type elastic wave detector capable of collecting data in a moving state and a detection method.

Background

In recent years, traffic infrastructure represented by high-speed railways and highways and hydraulic engineering represented by large-scale water storage and water transfer are not only domestic but also abroad. Firstly, in the aspects of construction and maintenance of a high-speed railway, a ballastless track is generally adopted in China, the safety of the ballastless track is high, and high-speed operation is facilitated, but a buffer layer between a track plate and a substructure of the ballastless track is aged and damaged along with the lapse of operation time, so that the track plate is damaged; in the aspects of highway construction and maintenance, semi-rigid base pavement generally adopted in China has certain tensile strength, fatigue resistance and good water stability, but has poor overload resistance, and base and pavement diseases can generally occur along with the lapse of time; in the aspect of long-distance water delivery, large underground caverns, water delivery tunnels, pipelines, aqueduct dams and other projects are increasingly large in scale. In addition, in large-scale foundation construction, new technologies, new materials and new concepts such as steel shell concrete and assembled concrete are continuously adopted in China. All of them put higher demands on quality control and safety inspection during the operation period in the engineering construction process. The high-speed railway, the highway and the hydraulic engineering have long mileage and large scale, but the detection operation time window is very short, so that a quick and effective detection means is urgently needed.

At present, a relatively quick detection means is a geological radar method, but the geological radar method detects the difference of electromagnetic parameters (dielectric constant) of a medium, is easily shielded by metal objects such as reinforcing steel bars and the like, and is completely not suitable for detecting structures such as steel shell concrete and the like. The engineering quality defect is the mechanical parameter defect of the structure at the end of the project, and the most effective nondestructive testing means for obtaining the mechanical parameters of the structure is elastic wave method detection. The elastic wave penetration capacity is strong, the detection depth is large, and the mechanical significance is clear. However, the geophone (sensor) used for elastic wave detection is structurally and theoretically required to be tightly arranged on a detection surface, sometimes even the sensor needs to be fixed on a component, and then the elastic wave is excited and received in a static state, so that the detection efficiency is extremely low, and the engineering requirements can not be met.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the wheel type elastic wave detector and the detection method with high detection efficiency, strong anti-interference and high precision.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wheeled elastic wave sensor comprising: the device comprises a transducer, a transducer fixing plate, a transducer fixing rod, an inner base plate, an outer base plate, a wheel shaft, a liquid filling valve, a discharge valve, a bearing, an electric slip ring, a tire and a vibration transmission medium; wherein:

the energy converter is fixed at the axis position between the two energy converter fixing plates; the two sides of the transducer fixing plate are respectively provided with one inner base plate, and the inner base plates and the transducer fixing plate are connected through the transducer fixing rod to form a cage-shaped rim; the tire is coated outside the cage-shaped rim; the center of the outer surface of each inner base plate is provided with a wheel shaft; each wheel shaft is sleeved with one outer pressing plate, and the tire is clamped between the outer pressing plate and the inner backing plate to form a sealing structure; the outer wheel shaft of each outer pressing plate is sleeved with one bearing; the two outer end parts of the two wheel shafts are respectively provided with the liquid filling valve and the discharge valve, and the liquid filling valve and the discharge valve are respectively communicated with the interior of the cage-shaped rim through a channel which axially penetrates through the wheel shafts; the electric slip ring is arranged on a wheel shaft between the liquid charging valve and the bearing on the same side of the liquid charging valve, and the electric slip ring is connected with the energy converter through a signal wire; the vibration transmission medium is filled in the tire.

Preferably, the transducer is a pressure wave transducer.

Preferably, the transducer fixing piece is prepared from an elastic rubber disc.

Preferably, the number of the transducer fixing rods is 6, correspondingly, 6 holes are uniformly distributed in the transducer fixing plate and the inner base plate of each wafer structure along the circumferential direction, and 6 transducer fixing rods are arranged in the 6 holes, so that the transducers are suspended at the center of the cage-shaped rim.

Preferably, the transducer fixing rod and the inner backing plate are fastened through a fixing screw.

Preferably, the inner backing plate and the outer pressing plate are fastened through compression screws.

Preferably, a through hole for signal wire routing is formed inside the wheel shaft between the electrical slip ring and the transducer.

Preferably, the signal wire is led out of the rim through another hole which axially penetrates through the wheel shaft on the wheel shaft.

Preferably, the electrical slip ring is connected with an external terminal through the signal line.

Preferably, the vibration transmission medium is a non-conductive heavy gel-like substance.

Preferably, the heavy gel-like substance comprises: a mixture of quartz powder and polyurethane gel; the proportion of the quartz powder and the polyurethane gel is adjusted according to a detection object, so that the density and the wave speed are close to the detection object as much as possible.

Preferably, the tire is made of a soft material.

Preferably, the wheel type elastic wave detector is of a wheel structure as a whole.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting a wheel type elastic wave detector, including:

fixing a bearing of the wheel type elastic wave detector on detection equipment, and applying pressure to enable a tire of the wheel type elastic wave detector to be tightly pressed with a detection surface;

the wheel type elastic wave detector rolls along the detection surface, when the elastic wave is transmitted along the detection surface or from the interior of an object to be detected, due to the coupling between the tire and the detection surface, the elastic wave is applied to the transducer through a vibration transmission medium in the tire and converted into an electric signal;

and the electric signal is output to an external terminal through a signal line and an electric slip ring, so that the rapid detection of the wheel type elastic wave detector on the elastic wave is realized.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

according to the wheel type elastic wave detector and the detection method provided by the invention, the elastic wave detector is made into a wheel structure, so that an elastic wave signal can be received while the elastic wave detector moves, and the data acquisition efficiency is greatly improved.

The wheel type elastic wave detector and the detection method provided by the invention have the advantages that the pressure wave transducer is used for replacing the traditional coil type sensor, the capacity of resisting the interference of instrument shaking and the like is strong, and the data quality can be still ensured even in a moving state.

According to the wheel type elastic wave detector and the detection method provided by the invention, the mixture of quartz powder and polyurethane gel is used as the vibration transmission medium, and the density and the wave speed of the vibration transmission medium can be adjusted according to the density and the elastic wave speed of the detection object, so that the density and the wave speed of the vibration transmission medium are close to the detection object as much as possible, the coupling efficiency can be greatly improved, and the reception of weak signals is possible.

The wheel type elastic wave detector and the detection method provided by the invention realize the rapid detection of the elastic wave.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wheel-mounted elastic wave sensor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection between the transducer fixing plate, the transducer fixing bar and the inner pad in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of an embodiment of the present invention for concrete inspection;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention for detecting road defects.

In the figure, 1 is a transducer; 2 is transducer stator; 3 is a transducer fixing rod; 4 is a fixing screw; 5 is an inner backing plate; 6 is an outer pressing plate; 7 is a compression screw; 8 is a left wheel axle; 9 is a right wheel axle; 10 is a liquid filling valve; 11 is a discharge valve; 12 is a bearing; 13 is an electric slip ring; 14 is a tire; and 15 is a vibration transmission medium.

Detailed Description

The following examples illustrate the invention in detail: the embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the invention, and a detailed implementation mode and a specific operation process are given. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wheel-type elastic wave detector in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is an elastic wave detection device with high detection efficiency, strong interference resistance, and high accuracy.

As shown in fig. 1, the wheel-mounted elastic wave sensor of this embodiment includes: the device comprises atransducer 1, atransducer fixing plate 2, atransducer fixing rod 3, aninner cushion plate 4, an outer pressing plate 6, a wheel shaft, aliquid filling valve 10, adischarge valve 11, abearing 12, anelectric slip ring 13, atire 14 and avibration transmission medium 15; wherein: thetransducer 1 is fixed at the axial position between the twotransducer fixing pieces 2; aninner backing plate 5 is respectively arranged on two sides of thetransducer fixing plate 2, and theinner backing plate 5 and thetransducer fixing plate 2 are connected through atransducer fixing rod 3 to form a cage-shaped rim; thetire 14 is coated outside the cage-shaped rim; the center of the outer surface of eachinner liner plate 5 is respectively provided with a wheel axle (namely aleft wheel axle 8 and a right wheel axle 9); an outer pressing plate 6 is sleeved on each wheel shaft, and atire 14 is pressed between the outer pressing plate 6 and theinner backing plate 5 to form a sealing structure; abearing 12 is respectively arranged on the wheel shaft at the outer side of each outer pressing plate 6; the two outer ends of the two wheel shafts are respectively provided with aliquid charging valve 10 and adischarge valve 11, and theliquid charging valve 10 and thedischarge valve 11 are respectively communicated with the inside of the cage-shaped wheel rim through a channel axially penetrating through the wheel shafts; anelectric slip ring 13 is arranged on a wheel shaft between theliquid filling valve 10 and thebearing 12 on the same side of the liquid filling valve, and theelectric slip ring 13 is connected with thetransducer 1 through a signal line; thevibration transmission medium 15 is filled in thetire 14.

In a preferred embodiment, thetransducer 1 is used as an elastic wave sensor, and a pressure wave transducer is used.

As a preferred embodiment, thetransducer stator 2 is made from an elastic rubber disc.

As a preferred embodiment, the number of thetransducer fixing rods 3 is 6, and accordingly, 6 holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on each of thetransducer fixing plate 2 and theinner pad 4 of the disc structure, and the 6 transducer fixing rods are installed in the 6 holes so that thetransducer 1 is suspended at the center of the cage-shaped rim.

In a preferred embodiment, thetransducer fixing rod 3 is fastened with theinner backing plate 5 through afixing screw 4.

In a preferred embodiment, theinner pad 5 and the outer pad 6 are fastened by acompression screw 7.

As a preferred embodiment, the inside of the axle between theelectrical slip ring 13 and thetransducer 1 is provided with through openings for signal line routing. Theelectrical slip ring 13 is in signal connection with an external terminal through a signal wire.

In a preferred embodiment, thevibration transmission medium 15 is a working medium, and is a non-conductive heavy gel-like material. Specifically, the heavy gelatinous substance includes: a mixture of quartz powder and polyurethane gel; wherein, the proportion of the quartz powder and the polyurethane gel is adjusted according to the detection object so as to lead the density and the wave speed to be as close as possible to the detection object.

As a preferred embodiment, thetire 14 is made of a flexible material.

In a preferred embodiment, the wheel type elastic wave detector is of a wheel structure as a whole.

As a preferred embodiment, the width of the wheel structure is 200mm and the diameter is 200 mm. Here, the wheel structure size is adjusted according to the detection target. For example, when applied to a hand-held test instrument probe, the dimensions of the wheel structure need to be adjusted to be smaller.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection between the transducer fixing plate, the transducer fixing bar and the inner pad in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the wheel-mounted elastic wave sensor includes the following structure: 6transducer fixing rods 3, 2 pieces ofinner backing plates 5 and 2 pieces oftransducer fixing plates 2 are fixed together to form a squirrel-cage-shaped rim. Thetransducer fixing plate 2 is a wafer made of high-elasticity rubber, 6 holes are uniformly distributed in the wafer along the circumferential direction, thetransducer 1 is installed in the center of thetransducer fixing plate 2, and 6transducer fixing rods 3 penetrate through the 6 holes in thetransducer fixing plate 2, so that the transducer is hung in the center of a squirrel-cage rim; the squirrel cage rim andtransducer 1 are located inside thetyre 14. Theinner backing plate 5 and the outer pressing plate 6 form a spoke (disc), and thetire 14 is clamped between theinner backing plate 5 and the outer pressing plate 6 and is pressed by 6 screws on theinner backing plate 5 and the outer pressing plate 6 to form a sealing structure; the wheel shafts comprise aleft wheel shaft 8 and aright wheel shaft 9 which are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side, the axial direction of theleft wheel shaft 8 is provided with 3 pore canals, the central through hole is used for filling avibration transmission medium 15 into atire 14, and the other 2 pore canals are used for leading out signal wires; abearing 12, anelectric slip ring 13 and aliquid charging valve 10 are arranged outside the tire on theleft wheel axle 8, and theliquid charging valve 10 is a one-way valve; theright wheel axle 9 has only one center through hole in the axial direction for discharging air from thetire 14, and thebearing 12 and thedischarge valve 11 are mounted on theright wheel axle 9 outside thetire 14. After the wheel type elastic wave detector structure part is assembled, theexhaust valve 11 is opened, thevibration transmission medium 15 is injected into thetire 14 through theliquid filling valve 10, thevibration transmission medium 15 is non-conductive heavy gelatinous substance, when the air in thetire 14 is completely replaced by the working medium and thetire 14 is filled with the working medium, theexhaust valve 11 is closed and the medium injection is stopped, and thus, the assembly of the wheel type elastic wave detector is completed.

In the above embodiment, theinner mat 5 and the outer press plate 6 constitute disk-shaped spokes, and thetire 14 is clamped between theinner mat 5 and the outer press plate 6 to form a sealing structure. The 6transducer fixing rods 3 constitute a rim, which is in communication with thetyre 14. The leftside wheel axle 8 and the rightside wheel axle 9 form a wheel axle, and the leftside wheel axle 8 and the rightside wheel axle 9 are disconnected between 2 spokes (discs). Thetransducer 1 is mounted at the location of the axle, interrupted in the middle of the spokes (discs). Thetransducer 1 is suspended between the rims by an elastic material without rigid contact with the axle, hub and tyre. The axle is hollow, and working medium can be filled into the wheel or air can be exhausted through the hole on the axle. Vibration is applied to thetransducer 1 through thetire 14 and the vibration transmission medium 15 (working medium). During detection, the wheel type detector is in close contact with the detection surface and rolls on the detection surface; the wheel type wave detector can receive elastic waves in a static state, and can also receive elastic waves while moving in a rolling state.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting a wheel type elastic wave detector, using the wheel type elastic wave detector of the above embodiments, including:

s1, fixing the bearing 12 of the wheel type elastic wave detector on the detection equipment, and pressing thetire 14 of the wheel type elastic wave detector and the detection surface with certain pressure;

s2, making the wheel type elastic wave detector roll along the detection surface, if the elastic wave propagates along the detection surface or from the inside of the detection object, because thetyre 14 is made of soft material, it can ensure the good coupling between thetyre 14 and the detection surface, at this time, the elastic wave can be printed on thetransducer 1 through thevibration transmission medium 15 in the tyre, thetransducer 1 converts the vibration signal into electric signal;

s3, an electric signal is transmitted to an external terminal (e.g., a recording device) through a signal line on thewheel axle 12 and theelectric slip ring 13, and the detection of the elastic wave is performed while the wheel type elastic wave detector is moving.

The technical solutions provided by the above embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to specific application examples.

Specific application example 1, a wheel type elastic wave detector is applied to concrete detection, as shown in fig. 3, and the implementation steps are as follows:

(1) the wheel type elastic wave detector is packaged into a wheel structure with the width of 100mm and the diameter of 80mm, and is called as a detection wheel hereinafter;

(2) 3 detection wheels and an impact seismic source are packaged in a shell with the length of 500mm, the width of 300mm and the height of 150mm to form the elastic wave probe. The components inside the probe are arranged as follows: 3 detection wheels are arranged on a circumference with the radius of 200mm by taking an impact seismic source as a circle center, wherein the front part of the elastic wave probe is provided with 1 detection wheel, and the rear part of the elastic wave probe is provided with 2 detection wheels. The distance between the centers of the rear 2 detection wheels is 150mm, the center of the front detection wheel is positioned on the central axis of the probe, the arrangement ensures that the detection wheels are symmetrically arranged at equal intervals (75mm) in the width direction of the probe, and the distance from the detection wheels to a seismic source is 200 mm;

(3) the tablet personal computer is embedded in the back (top) of the probe; 1 handle is respectively arranged at two ends of the back of the probe so as to be convenient for gripping the probe and pressing the probe to a detection surface; the impact seismic source adopts an impact electromagnet, and a force sensor is arranged on the impact head; the data acquisition module and the power supply module are made into a portable type and are carried in the backpack, and are connected with 3 detection wave wheels in the probe and a force sensor on an electromagnet seismic source through cables; the moving distance of the probe is measured by the distance measuring wheel and is transmitted to the computer to be used as an excitation control signal of the impact seismic source;

(4) when the detection is carried out, the probe is gripped by two hands and pressed to a detection surface, then a detection impeller and a distance measuring wheel on the probe roll on the detection surface, data of the distance measuring wheel is input into a tablet computer, when the moving distance of the probe measured by the distance measuring wheel reaches a preset value, the tablet computer sends out an excitation signal to an electromagnet, the electromagnet acts and drives a striking head to strike the detection surface, a force sensor on the striking head sends out a trigger (start data acquisition) signal to a data acquisition module, meanwhile, the striking force is transmitted to the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module starts to acquire the striking force transmitted by the force sensor and the response of a structure to be detected received by 3 detection wheels to striking; setting the excitation point interval to be 200mm, namely exciting for 1 time every 200 mm; the data acquisition module edits the position information, the seismic source strength information (output of a force sensor on a seismic source striking head) and the elastic fluctuation information output by the detection wheel together, displays and records the information in the tablet personal computer.

Specific application example 2, the wheel type elastic wave detector is applied to road defect detection, as shown in fig. 4, and the implementation steps are as follows:

(1) packaging the wheel type elastic wave detector into a wheel structure with the width of 200mm and the diameter of 200mm, and weighing the wheel structure as a detection wheel below;

(2) the detection wheels are arranged at intervals of 100cm to form an elastic wave linear array, and the detection wheels are flexibly connected; the seismic source is positioned 200cm in front of the array, namely the offset distance of the seismic source is 200 cm; the seismic source adopts a mechanical impact seismic source, and a force sensor is arranged on an impact hammer head; the position information is given by the distance measuring wheel and is used as an excitation control signal of the seismic source; the system composed of the elastic wave linear array and the seismic source is pulled by a detection vehicle; the data acquisition module, the control module, the data processing module and the power supply module are all arranged in the detection vehicle;

(3) during detection, a detector sits in a detection vehicle, the detection vehicle pulls the whole system to advance at the speed of about 1 kilometer, data of the distance measuring wheel is input into the control module, and the control module controls the seismic source device to be excited once every time the distance measuring wheel advances by 100 centimeters according to distance data transmitted by the distance measuring wheel; when the device is excited, a force sensor on the striking device sends a trigger (starts to collect data) signal to a data collection module, and meanwhile, striking force is transmitted to the data collection module, and the data collection module starts to collect the striking force transmitted by the force sensor and the response of a pavement received by an elastic wave linear array to the striking of a seismic source; the collected elastic wave data can be subjected to high-density surface wave analysis and impact mapping processing.

According to the wheel type elastic wave detector and the detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the elastic wave detector is made into a wheel structure, so that an elastic wave signal can be received while the elastic wave detector moves, and the data acquisition efficiency is greatly improved. The pressure wave transducer replaces the traditional coil type sensor, the capacity of resisting the interference of instrument shaking and the like is strong, and the data quality can be still ensured even in a moving state. The mixture of quartz powder and polyurethane gel is used as a vibration transmission medium, and can be adjusted according to the density and the elastic wave speed of a detection object, so that the density and the wave speed of the vibration transmission medium are close to the detection object as much as possible, the coupling efficiency can be greatly improved, and the reception of weak signals becomes possible. The design of the detector is hardly influenced by instrument shaking and the like in the moving process, has good interference resistance, makes it possible to acquire data while moving, and can greatly improve the detection efficiency and the data quality. The wheel type elastic wave detector and the detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention realize the rapid detection of the elastic wave.

It should be noted that, the steps in the method provided by the present invention can be implemented by using corresponding modules, devices, units, and the like in the system, and those skilled in the art can implement the step flow of the method with reference to the technical solution of the system, that is, the embodiment in the system can be understood as a preferred example of the implementation method, and details are not described herein.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A wheeled elastic wave sensor, comprising: the device comprises a transducer, a transducer fixing plate, a transducer fixing rod, an inner base plate, an outer base plate, a wheel shaft, a liquid filling valve, a discharge valve, a bearing, an electric slip ring, a tire and a vibration transmission medium; wherein:

the energy converter is fixed at the axis position between the two energy converter fixing plates; the two sides of the transducer fixing plate are respectively provided with one inner base plate, and the inner base plate and the transducer fixing plate are connected through the transducer fixing rod to form a cage-shaped rim; the tire is coated outside the cage-shaped rim; the center of the outer surface of each inner base plate is provided with a wheel shaft; each wheel shaft is sleeved with one outer pressing plate, and the tire is clamped between the outer pressing plate and the inner backing plate to form a sealing structure; the outer wheel shaft of each outer pressing plate is sleeved with one bearing; the two outer ends of the two wheel shafts are respectively provided with the liquid charging valve and the discharge valve, and the liquid charging valve and the discharge valve are respectively communicated with the interior of the cage-shaped wheel rim through a channel which axially penetrates through the wheel shafts; the electric slip ring is arranged on a wheel shaft between the liquid charging valve and the bearing on the same side of the liquid charging valve, and the electric slip ring is connected with the transducer through a signal line; the vibration transmission medium is filled in the tire.

2. The wheeled elastowave detector of claim 1, wherein said transducer is a pressure wave transducer.

3. The wheeled elastic wave detector of claim 1, wherein said transducer stator is made of an elastic rubber disc.

4. The geophone in accordance with claim 1, wherein said transducer fixing bars are 6, and accordingly, 6 holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction in said transducer fixing piece and said inner pad of each disc structure, respectively, and 6 of said transducer fixing bars are installed in 6 of said holes so that the transducer is suspended at the center of a cage-shaped rim.

5. The wheeled elastic wave detector of claim 1, wherein the transducer fixing rod is fastened to the inner pad by a fixing screw; and/or

The inner base plate and the outer pressing plate are fastened through compression screws.

6. The wheeled elastic wave detector according to claim 1, wherein a through hole for signal line routing is formed inside a wheel shaft between the electrical slip ring and the transducer; and/or

The signal wire penetrates through another hole on the wheel shaft and penetrates through the wheel shaft axially to be led out of the wheel rim, and the electric slip ring is connected with an external terminal through the signal wire.

7. The wheeled elastic wave sensor according to claim 1, wherein said vibration transmission medium is a non-conductive heavy gel-like substance; wherein:

the heavy gelatinous substance comprises: a mixture of quartz powder and polyurethane gel; the proportion of the quartz powder and the polyurethane gel is adjusted according to a detection object, so that the density and the wave speed are close to the detection object as much as possible.

8. The geophone in accordance with claim 1, wherein said tire is made of a flexible material.

9. The wheeled geophone according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the wheeled geophone is of a wheel structure as a whole.

10. A method for detecting a wheel type elastic wave detector, comprising:

fixing a bearing of the wheel type elastic wave detector on detection equipment, and applying pressure to enable a tire of the wheel type elastic wave detector to be tightly pressed with a detection surface;

the wheel type elastic wave detector rolls along the detection surface, when the elastic wave is transmitted along the detection surface or from the interior of an object to be detected, due to the coupling between the tire and the detection surface, the elastic wave is applied to the transducer through a vibration transmission medium in the tire and converted into an electric signal;

and the electric signal is output to an external terminal through a signal line and an electric slip ring, so that the detection of the wheel type elastic wave detector on the elastic wave is realized.

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