CN111557637A - Ophthalmologic measuring system - Google Patents

Abstract

An ophthalmologic measuring system for detecting an eye to be inspected comprises a main body module, a reference plane, a switching scanning element, an anterior segment light path component, a posterior segment light path component and a light splitting element, wherein the anterior segment light path component, the posterior segment light path component and the light splitting element are all arranged on the reference plane, and the switching scanning element can rotate around a certain shaft so as to realize that a light path is switched between the anterior segment light path component and the posterior segment light path component and can horizontally scan the anterior segment and the posterior segment of the eye to be inspected. The invention can realize the switching of the scanning of the anterior segment and the posterior segment of the eye to be detected based on the spectral domain OCT technology so as to determine the axial length of the eye to be detected, and can overcome the defects of complex structure and high cost in the prior art and realize horizontal scanning.

Description

Ophthalmologic measuring system

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of ophthalmic examination equipment, and particularly relates to an ophthalmic measurement system.

Background

Effective prevention and treatment of cataract surgery, corneal refractive surgery, and juvenile myopia requires accurate measurement of a number of parameters of the eye, such as anterior and posterior corneal surface curvature, corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, anterior and posterior lens surface curvature, axial length of the eye, white-to-white distance, pupil diameter, and the like. In the prior art, the most widely used ultrasonic technology is used for obtaining the plurality of parameters, but the measurement precision is low.

In response to the disadvantages of the ultrasonic technology, an ophthalmic measuring system based on OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography) technology has been developed for obtaining the plurality of parameters. OCT is a new optical imaging technology, has the advantages of high resolution, high imaging speed, no radiation damage, compact structure and the like, and is an important potential tool for basic medical research and clinical diagnosis application. OCT techniques can be divided into TDOCT (Time Domain OCT) and FDOCT (Frequency Domain OCT), which can be further divided into ssct (Swept Source OCT) and SDOCT (Spectral Domain OCT). The ophthalmologic measurement system is easy to realize based on a time domain OCT technology or a swept source OCT technology, and the realization difficulty is high based on a spectral domain OCT technology.

Chinese patent application No. 200710020707.9 discloses a method for measuring the axial length of the eye, which is the length from the corneal vertex to the fovea of the macula of the retina, using time-domain OCT. The method adopts a stepping motor to move a probe back and forth to realize the adjustment of an optical path so as to image the cornea and the eyeground, and has the following defects: 1) the imaging time required by the forward and backward movement of the stepping motor is long, real-time imaging cannot be realized, and the measured object can shake, blink and the like during imaging, so that the measured parameters such as the eye axis length and the like have large errors; 2) the method cannot perform transverse scanning on the eyes and cannot judge the positions of the corneal vertex and the macular fovea, so that the difference between the measured axial length of the eyes and the actual axial length of the eyes is large; 3) organs such as cornea, aqueous humor and crystalline lens exist between the cornea and the retina to refract light entering the eye, and the method cannot realize the focusing of measuring light on the cornea and the retina at the same time, and has poor imaging quality.

In short, the ophthalmological measurement system based on the time-domain OCT has the disadvantages of slow imaging speed, low measurement accuracy, poor image quality, and the like, and the defects of the ultrasonic technology are not overcome. The ophthalmology measuring system based on the swept source OCT technology overcomes many defects of the ultrasonic technology, but is high in price and difficult to popularize.

Chinese patent publication No. CN103892791A discloses a system and method for switching the scanning of anterior segment and posterior segment of eye to be detected so as to determine the axial length of eye based on spectral domain OCT technique. However, the switching mechanism adopts a plurality of switching mechanisms, and the switching of the scanning of the anterior segment and the posterior segment of the eye to be detected can be realized only by matching the switching mechanisms, so that the structure is complex and the maintenance is difficult; the cost is high and the popularization is difficult.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on OCT technology, the invention provides an ophthalmologic measurement system, belongs to another technical scheme which can realize the switching of the scanning of the anterior segment and the posterior segment of the eye to be detected so as to determine the axial length of the eye to be detected based on spectral domain OCT technology, and can overcome the defects of complex structure and high cost in the prior art.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:

an ophthalmologic measurement system for detecting an eye to be examined comprises a main body module, a reference plane, a switching scanning element, an anterior segment optical path component, a posterior segment optical path component, a light splitting element and a system main optical axis, wherein the main body module is used for providing measurement light and reference light, receiving first anterior segment signal light and second posterior segment signal light, respectively interfering the first anterior segment signal light and the second posterior segment signal light with the reference light and collecting corresponding interference light; the system main optical axis comprises an emergent main optical axis which is positioned on the reference plane, the switching scanning element can rotate around a fixed axis, and the switching scanning element has a first working position and a second working position and can be switched between the first working position and the second working position by rotating around the fixed axis; the anterior ocular segment optical path assembly comprises a first reflector, the posterior ocular segment optical path assembly comprises a reflecting element and an optical element, and the intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the first reflector and the intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the optical element are both positioned on the reference plane; when the switching scanning element is in the first working position, the measurement light provided by the main body module is reflected by the switching scanning element to the first reflecting mirror, reflected by the first reflecting mirror to the light splitting element, transmitted to the eye to be inspected through the light splitting element, and scattered by the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected to form anterior segment signal light, the anterior segment signal light is scattered to the light splitting element through the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected, the light splitting element splits the anterior segment signal light into the first anterior segment signal light and the second anterior segment signal light, transmits the first anterior segment signal light to the first reflecting mirror, is reflected to the switching scanning element through the first reflecting mirror, and is reflected by the switching scanning element to enter the main body module,

when the switching scanning element is in the second working position, the measurement light provided by the main body module is reflected to the retroreflective element by the switching scanning element, reflected to the optical element by the retroreflective element, reflected to the light splitting element by the optical element, and transmitted to the eye to be inspected by the light splitting element, and scattered by the posterior segment of the eye to be inspected to form posterior segment signal light, which is scattered to the light splitting element by the posterior segment of the eye to be inspected, the light splitting element splits the posterior ocular segment signal light into first posterior ocular segment signal light and the second posterior ocular segment signal light and transmits the second posterior ocular segment signal light to the optical element, the second eye back signal light is reflected to the retroreflective element through the optical element, then reflected to the switching scanning element through the retroreflective element and reflected to enter the main body module through the switching scanning element.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the switching scanning element is rotatable around the fixed axis in the first working position to scan the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected, the switching scanning element is rotatable around the fixed axis in the second working position, and the switching scanning element is rotatable around the fixed axis in the second working position to scan the posterior segment of the eye to be inspected.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixed axis is parallel to the main exit optical axis when the system is in the detection condition.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the retroreflective element includes a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface, an intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the second reflective surface is located on the reference plane, and when the switching scanning element is located at the second working position, the measurement light is reflected to the first reflective surface by the switching scanning element, and then is reflected to the optical element by the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface in sequence.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anterior ocular segment optical path assembly includes a second reflecting mirror, and the second reflecting surface, the optical element, the first reflecting mirror, the switching scanning element and the second reflecting mirror are sequentially arranged along a direction perpendicular to the emergent main optical axis, and when the switching scanning element is located at the first working position, the measuring light provided by the main body module is reflected to the first reflecting mirror by the switching scanning element, reflected to the second reflecting mirror by the first reflecting mirror, and reflected to the light splitting element by the second reflecting mirror.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anterior ocular segment optical path assembly includes a third reflector, a connection line between an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the first reflector and an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the second reflector is perpendicular to the emergent main optical axis, a connection line between an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the second reflector and an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the third reflector are parallel to the emergent main optical axis, and a connection line between an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the third reflector and an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the light splitting element is perpendicular to the emergent main optical axis; when the switching scanning element is located at the first working position, the measurement light provided by the main body module is reflected to the first reflecting mirror by the switching scanning element, reflected to the second reflecting mirror by the first reflecting mirror, reflected to the third reflecting mirror by the second reflecting mirror, and reflected to the light splitting element by the third reflecting mirror.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the retroreflective element is movable in a direction perpendicular to the outgoing main optical axis.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the switching scanning element is located outside the reference plane, and the fixed axis is parallel to the reference plane and perpendicular to the outgoing main optical axis.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the retroreflective element includes a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface, a connection line between an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the switching scanning element and an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the first reflective surface is perpendicular to the reference plane, a connection line between an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the second reflective surface and an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the optical element is also perpendicular to the reference plane, and when the switching scanning element is located at the second working position, the measurement light is reflected to the first reflective surface by the switching scanning element and then sequentially reflected to the optical element by the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anterior ocular segment optical assembly includes a second reflector, a line connecting an intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the first reflector and an intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the second reflector is parallel to the emergent main optical axis, and a line connecting an intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the second reflector and an intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the light splitting element is perpendicular to the emergent main optical axis; when the switching scanning element is located at the first working position, the measuring light provided by the main body module is reflected to the first reflecting mirror by the switching scanning element, reflected to the second reflecting mirror by the first reflecting mirror, and reflected to the light splitting element by the second reflecting mirror.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the retroreflective element is movable in a direction perpendicular to the reference plane.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reference plane is perpendicular to a line connecting centers of pupils of left and right eyes of the eye to be inspected when the system is in the inspection condition.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the system includes a scanning plane, the scanning plane is perpendicular to the reference plane, the emergent main optical axis is located in the scanning plane, when the system is in a detection operating condition, a line connecting centers of pupils of left and right eyes of the eye to be detected is located in the scanning plane, and paths of the measurement light transmitted to the eye to be detected through the light splitting element are located in the scanning plane.

The ophthalmologic measuring system provided by the embodiment of the invention controls and switches the rotation angle of the scanning element to rapidly switch the anterior segment imaging or the posterior segment imaging of the eye to be detected, and obtains the relevant parameters of the eye to be detected by calculating the optical path difference of the anterior segment imaging and the posterior segment imaging; and the switching scanning element also has a scanning function, so that the scanning of the anterior segment and the posterior segment of the eye to be detected can be realized. Compared with the prior art, the invention provides another technical scheme which can realize the switching of the scanning of the anterior segment and the posterior segment of the eye to be detected so as to determine the axial length of the eye to be detected based on the spectral domain OCT technology, and can overcome the defects of complex structure and high cost in the prior art.

Furthermore, in the ophthalmic measurement system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the anterior ocular segment optical path component and the posterior ocular segment optical path component are both located on the reference plane, so that the optical path structure can be vertically arranged, the ophthalmic measurement system has a relatively beautiful appearance, and is in line with human engineering, thereby avoiding the oppression on the patient to be measured. On the basis, the switching scanning element can rotate around a certain shaft to realize anterior segment scanning and posterior segment scanning and switch between the anterior segment scanning and the posterior segment scanning, so that the eye to be detected can be scanned in the horizontal direction.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an ophthalmic measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the ophthalmic measurement system of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation principle of the switching scanning element in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a retroreflective element according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5(a) to 5(b) are timing diagrams of switching the scanning element and the detector in fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the illumination lamps in the illumination light source of fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram of an ophthalmic measurement system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the ophthalmic measurement system of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the operation principle of the switching scanning element in fig. 8.

The notations in the figures are as follows:

in the first embodiment:

system main optical axis L emergent main optical axis L₁Eye to be inspected E

Main body module 100

Light source 101coupler 103detector 105reference arm assembly 130

Reference arm lens 131reference arm mirror 133polarization controller 107

Focusinglens 109controller 111

Reference plane 10

First end 11,second end 13,third end 15,fourth end 17

Switching thescanning element 30

First working position 30a and second working position 30b are fixed onshaft 33

Anterior ocular segmentoptical assembly 50

First mirror 51first relay lens 53second mirror 55

Third mirror 57second relay lens 59

Posterior ocular segmentoptical assembly 70

Retroreflective elements 71optical elements 73refractive adjustment elements 75

Light splitting element 80

Objective lens 90

Vision fixationoptical module 300

Fixation light source 301fixation lens 303

Anterior ocularsegment imaging module 500

Illuminationlight source 501lamp 501aspectroscope 502 expandinglens 503

Third mirror 505image pickup lens 507image pickup device 509

In the second embodiment:

system main optical axis L emergent main optical axis L₁Eye to be inspected E

Body module 2100

Light source 2101coupler 2103detector 2105reference arm assembly 2130

Reference arm lens 2131reference arm mirror 2133polarization controller 2107

Focusinglens 2109controller 2111

Reference plane 210

First terminal 211,second terminal 213,third terminal 215,fourth terminal 217

Switching thescanning element 230

First working position 230a second working position 230b fixedaxis 233

Anterior ocular segmentoptical assembly 250

First mirror 251,first relay lens 253, andsecond mirror 255

Second relay lens 259

Posterior ocular segmentoptical assembly 270

Retroreflective element 271optical element 273diopter adjustment element 275

Light splitting element 280

Objective lens 290

Vision fixationoptical module 2300

Fixation light source 2301fixation lens 2303

Anterior ocularsegment imaging module 2500

Illuminatinglight source 2501 illuminatinglamp 2501a spectroscope 2502vision expanding lens 2503

Third mirror 2505imaging lens 2507imaging camera 2509

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example one

The present embodiment provides an ophthalmologic measurement system (hereinafter, simply referred to as "system") for detecting an eye to be inspected E to determine an axial length of the eye to be inspected E. Preferably, the system also determines a plurality of parameters of the eye E, such as corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth, white-to-white distance, pupil diameter, etc. of the eye E.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the system includes amain body module 100, areference plane 10, a scanning plane (not shown), a switchingscanning element 30, an anterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 50, a posterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 70, alight splitting element 80, and a main optical axis L of the system. Preferably, the system further comprises anocular objective 90, a fixationoptical module 300 and an anteriorsegment imaging module 500.

In fig. 1 and 2, the dotted line indicates the main optical axis L of the system, which includes the exit main optical axis L₁Said main emergent optical axis L₁Located in the reference plane and the scan plane. When the system is in a detection working condition, themain body module 100 generates reference light and provides measurement light to the switchingscanning element 30, the measurement light is transmitted to the anterior segmentoptical path component 50 or the posterior segmentoptical path component 70 according to the rotation angle of the switchingscanning element 30, is reflected or transmitted by thelight splitting element 80, is focused to a corresponding part of the eye to be detected E through theobjective lens 90, is scattered by the eye to be detected E to form signal light, the signal light propagates back to themain body module 100 in a direction opposite to the measurement light and interferes with the reference light to generate interference light, and themain body module 100 further collects the interference light. The paths of the measuring light transmitted to the eye to be inspected by the light splitting element are all located on the scanning plane.

Thereference plane 10 is perpendicular to the line connecting the centers of the left and right pupils of the eye E when the system is in the detection working condition, and thebaseThe quasi-plane 10 includes afirst end 11, asecond end 13 opposite to and parallel to thefirst end 11, athird end 15 perpendicular to thefirst end 11, and afourth end 17 opposite to and parallel to thethird end 15, wherein thefirst end 11, thesecond end 13, thethird end 15, and thefourth end 17 are connected end to form a closed rectangle. Thefirst end 11 and thesecond end 13 are perpendicular to the emergent main optical axis L₁Thethird end 15 and thefourth end 17 are parallel to the emergent main optical axis L₁。

It is understood that thereference plane 10 is a virtual plane for describing the positional relationship between the components in the system.

The scanning plane is perpendicular to thereference plane 10, and when the system is in a detection working condition, a connecting line of the centers of the left and right eye pupils of the eye E to be detected is located on the scanning plane. The scan plane is perpendicular to the reference plane. The reference plane is perpendicular to the connecting line of the centers of the left and right eye pupils of the eye E to be detected. It is understood that the scan plane is also a virtual plane for describing the position relationship between the components in the system.

As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, themain body module 100 includes alight source 101, acoupler 103, areference arm assembly 130, adetector 105, apolarization controller 107, a focusinglens 109, and acontroller 111. Thereference arm assembly 130 further includes areference arm lens 131 and areference arm mirror 133. Thelight source 101 may be an OCT light source, which emits weak coherent light with a wavelength of near infrared and transmits the light to thecoupler 103, and thecoupler 103 splits the received light into two beams, wherein one beam is focused by thereference arm lens 131 and reflected by thereference arm mirror 133 and then returns to thecoupler 103 as reference light. The other beam is focused by thepolarization controller 107 and the focusinglens 109 in sequence and then transmitted to the switchingscanning element 30 as the measurement light.

Referring to fig. 3, the dashed line in fig. 3 indicates the main optical axis L of the system. In this embodiment, the switchingscanning element 30 is disposed near thesecond end 13, and the switchingscanning element 30 is specifically a galvanometer. The switchingscanning element 30 can rotate around a fixed axis 33In this embodiment, the fixedaxis 33 is parallel to thereference plane 10 and the main emission optical axis L₁I.e. the fixed axis 33 is parallel to the second end 15, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that in other embodiments of the present invention, the fixed axis may be arranged perpendicular to the reference plane, the switching scanning element 30 has a first working position 30a and a second working position 30b and is switchable between the first working position 30a and the second working position 30b by rotating around the fixed axis 33, the propagation direction of the measuring light may be selected by controlling the switching scanning element 30 to be at different rotation angles, so that the measuring light is transmitted to the anterior eye segment optical path assembly 50 or the posterior eye segment optical path assembly 70, specifically, the switching scanning element 30 may be controlled to switch between the first working position 30a and the second working position 30b, when the switching scanning element 30 is at the first working position 30a, as shown in fig. 3, the angle between the propagation path of the incident light at the switching scanning element 30 and the propagation path of the reflected light is β, the measuring light is transmitted to the anterior eye segment optical path assembly 50, and when the switching scanning element 30 is at the second working position 30b, the angle between the propagation path of the reflected light at the switching scanning element 30b and the propagation path of the reflected light is α, as shown in fig. 3.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the system further includes an electronic control component (e.g., a motor), the electronic control component has an electrically controlled rotating bracket (e.g., a rotating shaft), the electronic control component is electrically connected to thecontroller 111, the switchingscanning element 30 is fixed on the electrically controlled rotating bracket, thecontroller 111 controls the rotation of the electronic control component to drive the rotation of the electrically controlled rotating bracket, so as to control the rotation angle of the switchingscanning element 30, when the switchingscanning element 30 rotates to the first working position 30a, the switching scanning element reflects the measurement light to the anterior ocular segmentoptical path component 50, and when the switchingscanning element 30 rotates to the second working position, the switching scanning element reflects the measurement light to the posterior ocular segmentoptical path component 70.

It is understood that in other embodiments of the present invention, the system may also control the rotation angle of the switchingscanning element 30 through manual adjustment, and specifically, the system includes a rotating bracket for fixing the switchingscanning element 30, the rotating bracket provides a knob, and the rotation angle of the switchingscanning element 30 is adjusted through manual rotation of the knob to inject the measuring light into the corresponding position of the eye to be inspected E.

It is understood that in other embodiments of the present invention, the switchingscanning element 30 can also be controlled to rotate angularly by other mechanical devices or electrical methods, and the design solution satisfying this requirement is within the scope of the present invention, and will not be described herein again.

Referring to fig. 2 again, in this embodiment, the measurement light reaches thelight splitting element 80 after passing through the anterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 50 or the posterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 70, and thelight splitting element 80 is specifically a half-transmitting and half-reflecting mirror, and can transmit the measurement light transmitted by the anterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 50 and reflect the measurement light transmitted by the posterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 70. It is understood that light impinging on the half mirror is partially reflected by the half mirror and partially transmitted by the half mirror. For example, 30% of the light is reflected and 70% is transmitted; as another example, 50% of the light is reflected and 50% is transmitted; as another example 70% of the light is reflected and 30% is transmitted.

It can be understood that, without creative work, a person skilled in the art may modify the system, and in the modified technical solution, the half-mirror serving as the light splitting element may reflect the measurement light transmitted by the anterior ocular segment optical path component and transmit the measurement light transmitted by the posterior ocular segment optical path component.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, when the switchingscanning element 30 is in the first operating position 30a, the measurement light passes through thespectroscopic element 80 and is focused to the anterior segment of the eye E to be inspected, such as the cornea of the eye E to be inspected, via theobjective lens 90. When the switchingscanning element 30 is in the second operating position 30b, the measuring light is reflected by thespectroscopic element 80 and focused to a posterior segment of the eye E to be inspected, such as a retina of the eye E to be inspected, via theobjective lens 90.

In this embodiment, the anterior ocular segmentoptical assembly 50 includes at least two total reflection mirrors, i.e., afirst mirror 51 and asecond mirror 55. When the switchingscanning element 30 is in the first working position 30a, the light transmitted by the switchingscanning element 30 is reflected to thelight splitting element 80 by the first reflectingmirror 51 and the second reflectingmirror 55 in sequence.

Preferably, the anterior ocular segmentoptical assembly 50 includes three total reflection mirrors, namely afirst mirror 51, asecond mirror 55, and athird mirror 57. Thefirst mirror 51 is closer to thethird end 15 than the switchingscanning element 30, thesecond mirror 55 is closer to thefourth end 17 than thefirst mirror 51, and thethird mirror 57 is closer to thefirst end 11 than thesecond mirror 55. The intersection point of the system main optical axis L and the first reflectingmirror 51, the intersection point of the system main optical axis L and the second reflectingmirror 55, and the intersection point of the system main optical axis L and the third reflectingmirror 57 are all located on thereference plane 10. The system principal optical axis L with the point of intersection offirst speculum 51 and the system principal optical axis L with the line of intersection ofsecond speculum 55 is on a parallel withfirst end 11, the system principal optical axis L with the point of intersection ofsecond speculum 55 with the line of intersection of system principal optical axis L with thethird speculum 57 is on a parallel withthird end 15, the system principal optical axis L with the point of intersection ofthird speculum 57 with the line of intersection of system principal optical axis L withbeam splitting component 80 is on a parallel withfirst end 11. When the switchingscanning element 30 is located at the first working position 30a, the light transmitted by the switchingscanning element 30 is reflected to thelight splitting element 80 by the first reflectingmirror 51, the second reflectingmirror 55 and the third reflectingmirror 57 in sequence.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the anterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 50 further includes at least one relay lens, wherein there is at least one relay lens between thefirst reflector 51 and thesecond reflector 55, and when the switchingscanning element 30 rotates to the first working position 30a, thefirst reflector 51 reflects the measuring light to thesecond reflector 55 through the relay lens; or at least one relay lens between the second reflectingmirror 55 and thelight splitting element 80, in which case the measuring light is reflected by the second reflectingmirror 55 and is transmitted through the relay lens to thelight splitting element 80.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the anterior ocular segmentoptical assembly 50 includes two relay lenses, namely afirst relay lens 53 and asecond relay lens 59, wherein thefirst relay lens 53 is between thefirst reflector 51 and thesecond reflector 55, and thesecond relay lens 59 is between thethird reflector 57 and thelight splitting element 80. The geometric center of thefirst relay lens 53 and the geometric center of thesecond relay lens 59 are both located on thereference plane 10, the geometric center of thefirst mirror 51, the geometric center of thesecond mirror 55, and the geometric center of thefirst relay lens 53 are located on the same straight line, and a line connecting the geometric center of thethird mirror 57 and the geometric center of thesecond relay lens 59 is parallel to thefirst end 11. At this time, when the switchingscanning element 30 is located at the first working position 30a, the measuring light reflected by the switchingscanning element 30 is reflected by the first reflectingmirror 51, transmitted by thefirst relay lens 53, reflected by the second reflectingmirror 55 and the third reflectingmirror 57 in sequence, transmitted by thesecond relay lens 59, and irradiated to thelight splitting element 80.

As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, when the switchingscanning element 30 is in the first working position 30a, thebeam splitter 80 receives the measurement light from the anterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 50, and the measurement light passes through thebeam splitter 80 and is focused to the anterior ocular segment of the eye E to be inspected, such as the cornea of the eye E to be inspected, through theobjective lens 90. The anterior segment scatters the measurement light to generate anterior segment signal light, which is irradiated to thelight splitting element 80 through the ocularobjective lens 90. The signal light of the anterior ocular segment is divided into a first signal light of the anterior ocular segment and a second signal light of the anterior ocular segment by thelight splitting element 80, and the second signal light of the anterior ocular segment is reflected by thelight splitting element 80 to enter theoptical path component 70 of the posterior ocular segment and is not transmitted back to themain body module 100; the first anterior ocular segment signal light is transmitted back to themain body module 100 through thelight splitting element 80, the anterior ocular segmentoptical path component 50, and the switchingscanning element 30 in sequence along a direction opposite to the measurement light, and interferes with the reference light in thecoupler 103 to generate interference light, and thedetector 105 receives and processes the interference light and transmits the interference light to thecontroller 111. Since the polarization direction of the first eye front section signal light is controlled by thepolarization controller 107 before returning to thecoupler 103, the effect of interference is ensured.

In this embodiment, the posterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 70 includes areflective element 71 and anoptical element 73, and when the switchingscanning element 30 is in the second working position 30b, the measurement light provided by the switchingscanning element 30 is reflected by thereflective element 71 and theoptical element 73 in sequence and then transmitted to thebeam splitter 80.

Specifically, theoptical element 73 may be a total reflection mirror, a half-transmission mirror, or a dichroic mirror, and an intersection point of the main optical axis L of the system and theoptical element 73 is located on thereference plane 10.

Theretroreflective element 71 includes a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface. Referring to fig. 3 again, theretroreflective element 71 may be an angular prism, and preferably, theretroreflective element 71 is a right-angle prism. The right-angle prism includes a first reflectingsurface 71a and a second reflectingsurface 71b, preferably, an included angle between the first reflectingsurface 71a and the second reflectingsurface 71b is set to be a right angle, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the included angle between the first reflectingsurface 71a and the second reflectingsurface 71b may also be set to be an acute angle or an obtuse angle. An intersection point of the system main optical axis L and thesecond reflection surface 71b is located on thereference plane 10, and a connection line between the intersection point of the system main optical axis L and thesecond reflection surface 71b and the intersection point of the system main optical axis L and thefirst reflection surface 71a is perpendicular to thereference plane 10. When the switchingscanning element 30 is located at the second working position 30b, the measuring light provided by the switchingscanning element 30 is reflected by the first reflectingsurface 71a, the second reflectingsurface 71b and theoptical element 73 in sequence and then transmitted to thelight splitting element 80.

Referring to fig. 4, in another embodiment, theretroreflective element 71 may also be a mirror group including afirst mirror 71c and asecond mirror 71d, a reflective surface of thefirst mirror 71c is a first reflective surface, and a reflective surface of thesecond mirror 71d is a second reflective surface, preferably, the reflective surface of thefirst mirror 71c and the reflective surface of thesecond mirror 71d are set to be a right angle, and in another embodiment of the invention, the reflective surface of thefirst mirror 71c and the reflective surface of thesecond mirror 71d may also be set to be an acute angle or an obtuse angle. The intersection point of the system main optical axis L and the second reflectingmirror 71d is located on thereference plane 10, and a connection line between the intersection point of the system main optical axis L and the second reflectingmirror 71d and the intersection point of the system main optical axis L and the first reflectingmirror 71c is perpendicular to thereference plane 10. When the switchingscanning element 30 is located at the second working position 30b, the measuring light provided by the switchingscanning element 30 is reflected by the first reflectingmirror 71c, the second reflectingmirror 71d and theoptical element 73 in sequence and then transmitted to thelight splitting element 80.

Preferably, theoptical path assembly 70 further comprises a displacement control element (not shown), and theretroreflective element 71 can be used to adjust the optical path. Theretroreflective element 71 is fixed to the displacement control element and is movable with the displacement control element in a direction parallel to thefirst end 11, thereby changing the optical path length that the measurement light experiences in the posterior ocular segmentoptical assembly 70. The posterior segmentoptical path assembly 70 further includes adioptric adjustment unit 75, thedioptric adjustment unit 75 is disposed between theoptical element 73 and the light-splittingelement 80, and thedioptric adjustment unit 75 is movable between theoptical element 73 and the light-splittingelement 80, so that the measurement light can be focused on the posterior segment of the eye E, for example, the retina of the eye E, for different diopters of the eye E. During the movement, the intersection point of the system main optical axis L and thedioptric adjustment unit 75 is always located on thereference plane 10. Therefraction adjusting unit 75 may be a lens.

It should be noted that, when measuring the posterior segment of the eye E, since the length of the eye axis of different eyes E is different, it is necessary to provide an optical path length adjusting unit in one of the anterior segmentoptical path component 50 and the posterior segmentoptical path component 70, and preferably, an optical path length adjusting unit, that is, theretroreflective element 71, in the posterior segmentoptical path component 70.

It is understood that in other embodiments of the present invention, the displacement of theretroreflective element 71 can be calculated by a stepping motor, a voice coil motor, or a grating ruler, a capacitive grating ruler, etc., and is not limited to the above-mentioned moving device or sensor, as long as the structure satisfying the design is within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is understood that in other embodiments of the present invention, theretroreflective element 71 may also be a movable retro-reflector, and the optical path adjustment can be achieved by moving the movable retro-reflector only when the optical path adjustment is performed.

In addition, in performing posterior segment measurement of the eye, the position at which the measurement light is focused in the eye E to be inspected can be adjusted by thediopter adjustment element 75, for example, by moving thediopter adjustment element 75 to focus light on the retina of the eye E to be inspected to realize measurement of the eye E to be inspected having myopia or hyperopia. In particular, therefractive adjustment member 73 is fixed to a translation device (not shown) and its movement is controlled manually or electrically to achieve refractive adjustment.

In this embodiment, after the measurement light is focused on the posterior segment of the eye E to be inspected, the posterior segment scatters the measurement light and generates a posterior segment signal light, and the posterior segment signal light is irradiated to thelight splitting element 80 through theobjective lens 90. The posterior ocular segment signal light is divided into a first posterior ocular segment signal light and a second posterior ocular segment signal light by thelight splitting element 80, and the first posterior ocular segment signal light is transmitted by thelight splitting element 80 to enter the anterior ocular segmentlight path assembly 50 and is not transmitted back to themain body module 100; the second eye posterior segment signal light is reflected by thelight splitting element 80 and then sequentially transmitted back to themain body module 100 through the eye posterior segmentlight path assembly 70 and the switchingscanning element 30 along the direction opposite to the measuring light, and is interfered with the reference light in thecoupler 103 to generate interference light, and thedetector 105 receives the interference light and transmits the interference light to thecontroller 111 after processing. Since the polarization direction of the second eye posterior segment signal light is controlled by thepolarization controller 107 before returning to thecoupler 103, the effect of interference is ensured. Thecontroller 111 obtains a parameter corresponding to the eye E to be inspected, such as an axial length of the eye E to be inspected, from the optical path difference between the anterior segment imaging and the posterior segment imaging.

Here, the system principal optical axis L along which the measurement light can propagate from themain body module 100 to the eye E is explained, and it is understood by those skilled in the art that the system principal optical axis L passes through at least the spherical centers of two spherical surfaces of at least one lens in the system, for example, the spherical centers of two spherical surfaces of the focusinglens 109 or the spherical centers of two spherical surfaces of the ocularobjective lens 90. Preferably, the system principal optical axis L passes through at least the spherical centers of two spheres of all lenses in the system, including the focusinglens 109, thefirst relay lens 53, thesecond relay lens 59, thediopter adjustment element 75, and theobjective lens 90.

The main emergent optical axis L₁Is part of the main optical axis L of the system, the exit main optical axis L₁Is a straight line segment, and when the system is in a detection working condition, the measuring light can pass through the emergent main optical axis L₁Into the eye E to be examined.

It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the switchingscanning element 30 can perform scanning imaging on the eye E to be inspected, in addition to performing rapid switching of the optical path. The switchingscanning element 30 is rotatable in the first operating position 30a to scan the anterior segment of the eye E, and the switchingscanning element 30 is rotatable in the second operating position 30b to scan the posterior segment of the eye E.

Referring to fig. 5(a) to 5(b), the switchingscanning element 30 starts to rotate from the initial position 1, t₁Working time, t, required for scanning the anterior or posterior segment of the eye E₂Time required to switch thescanning element 30 from anterior segment imaging to posterior segment imaging, t₃For performing the cutting after scanning the posterior segment of the eye EThe time required for thescanning element 30 to return to the initial position 1 is changed. The "anterior ocular segment position" is a position at which the switchingscanning element 30 is in the first working position 30a so that the measurement light is focused on the anterior ocular segment of the eye E. The "posterior segment-scanning position" is a position where the switchingscanning element 30 is in the second working position 30b so that the measurement light is focused on the posterior segment of the eye E.

When an anterior segment image is to be acquired, theswitchable scanning element 30 is rotated in the first operating position 30a, while thedetector 105 simultaneously starts acquiring signals. When passing t₁At time, the switchingscanning element 30 is in position 2. After thedetector 105 collects the anterior segment image, the switchingscanning element 30 is switched to the second working position 30b, and the time required for the process is t₂The switchingscanning element 30 reachesposition 3.

Then, the acquisition of the posterior segment image is started, and the switchingscanning element 30 rotates in the second working position 30b, and thedetector 105 synchronously starts to acquire signals. When passing t₁At time, the switchingscanning element 30 is in position 4. After thedetector 105 acquires the posterior segment image of the eye, the switchingscanning element 30 rotates in the reverse direction to return to the initial position 1, and the time required for this process is t₃The switchingscanning element 30 returns to the initial position 1.

In the embodiment of the present invention, thecontroller 111 is used to control the timing and the state change of thescanning element 30 and thedetector 105.

Referring to fig. 2 again, in the present embodiment, the system further includes a fixationoptical module 300, and the fixationoptical module 300 includes afixation light source 301 and afixation lens 303. The light emitted by thefixation light source 301 is visible light, thefixation light source 301 is specifically a display screen for displaying a fixation target for the eye E to be inspected to fix the vision, and the display screen can be an LCD screen, an OLED screen, or an LED array screen.

Preferably, in this embodiment, theoptical element 73 is a dichroic mirror. Specifically, theoptical element 73 can transmit light output from thefixation light source 301 and reflect light output from thelight source 101.

The light emitted by thefixation light source 301 is transmitted through thefixation lens 303 and theoptical element 73, is adjusted and bent by therefraction adjusting element 75, is reflected by thebeam splitter 80, and is focused on the posterior segment of the eye to be inspected E, such as the retina of the eye to be inspected E, through theobjective lens 90.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the fixation position of the eye to be inspected E may be changed using a fixation mark, and the fixation mark may be moved up, down, left, and right, so as to detect different positions of the eye to be inspected. The light emitted by thefixation light source 301 can adjust diopter through thediopter adjusting element 75, if the light emitted by thefixation light source 301 cannot be adjusted to be flexible, the visual fixation mark has different definition when the eye to be inspected E with different vision is observed, which makes the eye to be inspected feel uncomfortable when the eye to be inspected is fixed, therefore, preferably, the light path emitted by thefixation light source 301 is adjusted to be flexible through thediopter adjusting element 75 and focused on the fundus retina of the eye to be inspected E, so that the eye to be inspected E can see the clear visual fixation mark.

As shown in fig. 2, the system provided in this embodiment further includes an anteriorsegment imaging module 500, which is configured to capture an image to determine parameters such as a corneal center curvature, a pupil diameter, and a white-to-white distance of the eye E, for example, capture an iris image of the eye E. The anteriorsegment imaging module 500 is electrically connected to thecontroller 111, and includes: anillumination light source 501, abeam splitter 502, aview expanding lens 503, athird reflector 505, animage pickup lens 507, and animage pickup device 509.

Specifically, theillumination light source 501 is disposed between theobjective lens 90 and the eye E, and theillumination light source 501 emits near infrared light. Thedichroic mirror 502 is specifically a dichroic mirror, and can transmit the light output by theillumination light source 501 and reflect the light output by thelight source 101 and the light output by thefixation light source 301. The magnifyinglens 503 is configured to converge the reflected light, and theimage pickup lens 507 is configured to form an image of the reflected light on theimage pickup device 509.

The light emitted from theillumination light source 501 is irradiated to the anterior segment of the eye E to be inspected, and reflected by the anterior segment to form reflected light, wherein a part of the reflected light is reflected by the cornea of the eye E to be inspected, and a part of the reflected light passes through the cornea to enter the eye E to be inspected, and is diffusely reflected by tissues such as the anterior chamber of the eye E to be inspected.

The reflected light is transmitted to thethird reflector 505 through theobjective lens 90, thespectroscope 502 and thevision expanding lens 503, is reflected by thethird reflector 505, then passes through theimage pickup lens 507, is focused to theimage pickup device 509 by theimage pickup lens 507 to form an image of the anterior ocular segment of the eye to be detected, and thecontroller 111 collects the image of the anterior ocular segment of the eye to be detected.

In order to make the subject feel comfortable and to avoid a feeling of pressure due to the close contact with the system, theobjective lens 90 is disposed to extend forward from the system, and therefore, the distance between theobjective lens 90 and theimage pickup device 509 is large. In order to determine parameters such as white-to-white distance, the anterior ocularsegment imaging module 500 needs to have a larger imaging range, which is in contradiction to the forward extension of theobjective lens 90. Theview expanding lens 503 is provided to solve this contradiction, and theview expanding lens 503 is configured to change the propagation direction of light reflected by the cornea and light diffusely reflected by the anterior chamber so as to converge, and finally form an image in a wide range on theimage pickup device 509.

Referring to fig. 6, in the present embodiment, theillumination light source 501 includes a plurality ofillumination lamps 501a, theillumination lamps 501a are uniformly distributed in an annular array, and when the system is in a corneal curvature measurement working condition, a geometric center of an annular shape formed by theillumination lamps 501a is aligned with a pupil center of the eye E to be inspected. Specifically, theillumination lamps 501a are LED lamps, and the number is 4 or more, and preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of theillumination lamps 501a is 6.

When the system is in a corneal curvature measuring working condition, light emitted by the 6illumination lamps 501a is irradiated onto the cornea of the eye E to be inspected, reflected by the cornea, and finally detected by thecamera 509 after passing through the anteriorsegment imaging module 500, and a distribution image of the 6illumination lamps 501a on the cornea is formed on thecamera 509. In an embodiment of the present invention, the distribution image is formed together with an image of the anterior segment of the eye to be examined.

Thecontroller 111 collects the images distributed on the cornea by the 6 illuminatinglamps 501a, and processes the images by using an algorithm installed in the images to obtain the corneal curvature of the eye to be inspected E, and in the embodiment of the present invention, thecontroller 111 obtains the corneal central curvature of the eye to be inspected E.

In this embodiment, the anteriorsegment imaging module 500 further has a function of monitoring the optical path to guide the operator to operate the instrument and to know the related information of the examinee, the system is movably disposed on an operation table, a lower jaw support system is disposed on the operation table, the examiner fixes the head of the examinee by using the lower jaw support system to fix the eye E, so that the fixation mark from the fixationoptical module 300 is fixed in the eye E, the examiner controls the movement of the jaw support system and the ophthalmologic measurement system by the operation lever while observing the display screen of thecontroller 111, so that the anterior segment of the eye E, such as the iris, enters thecamera 509 of the anteriorsegment imaging module 500, and an iris image is presented in the display screen of thecontroller 111 to guide a doctor in operating an instrument and in understanding information about the eye E to be inspected.

Example two

The present embodiment provides an ophthalmic measurement system (hereinafter, referred to as "system"), which is a basic embodiment of the present invention, and for brevity, the ophthalmic measurement system provided in the present embodiment is the same as the first embodiment, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted, and the first embodiment is incorporated by reference in the present embodiment.

The ophthalmologic measurement system provided by the present embodiment is used for detecting the eye E to be inspected, thereby determining parameters such as the axial length of the eye E to be inspected. Referring to fig. 7, the system includes amain body module 2100, areference plane 210, a switchingscanning element 230, an anterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 250, a posterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 270, and alight splitting element 280. Referring to fig. 8, preferably, the system further includes anocular objective 290, a fixationoptical module 2300 and an anteriorsegment imaging module 2500.

In fig. 7, a chain line indicates the system main optical axis L. When the system is in a detection condition, thebody module 2100 generates reference light and provides measurement light to the switchingscanning element 230, the measurement light is transmitted to the anterior ocular segmentoptical path component 250 or the posterior ocular segmentoptical path component 270 according to the rotation angle of the switchingscanning element 230, is reflected or transmitted by thelight splitting element 280, is focused to a corresponding part of the eye E through theobjective lens 290, and is scattered by the eye E to form signal light, the signal light propagates back to thebody module 2100 in a direction opposite to the measurement light and interferes with the reference light to generate interference light, and thebody module 2100 further collects the interference light.

Thereference plane 210 is perpendicular to a line connecting centers of left and right eye pupils of the eye E to be inspected when the system is in a detection working condition, thereference plane 210 includes afirst end 211, asecond end 213 opposite to and parallel to thefirst end 211, athird end 215 perpendicular to thefirst end 211, and afourth end 217 opposite to and parallel to thethird end 215, thefirst end 211, thesecond end 213, thethird end 215, and thefourth end 217 are connected end to form a closed rectangle, and thefirst end 211 is close to the eye E to be inspected and close to an emergent main optical axis L when the system is in the detection working condition₁Vertically, thethird end 215 and thefourth end 217 are parallel to the main emergent optical axis L when the system is in a detection working condition₁Said main emergent optical axis L₁Which lies in thereference plane 210 when the system is in a detection condition.

It is understood that thereference plane 210 is a virtual plane for describing the position relationship between the components in the system.

Referring to fig. 8, in this embodiment, themain body module 2100 includes alight source 2101, acoupler 2103, areference arm assembly 2130, adetector 2105, apolarization controller 2107, a focusinglens 2109, and acontroller 2111. Thereference arm assembly 2130 further includes areference arm lens 2131 and areference arm mirror 2133. Thelight source 2101 may be an OCT light source, which emits weak coherent light with a wavelength of near infrared and transmits the light to thecoupler 2103, and thecoupler 2103 splits the received light into two beams, wherein one beam is focused by thereference arm lens 2131 and reflected by thereference arm mirror 2133 and then returns to thecoupler 2103 as reference light. The other beam is focused by thepolarization controller 2107 and the focusinglens 2109, and then transmitted to the switchingscanning element 230 as the measuring light.

Referring to fig. 9, the dashed line in fig. 9 illustrates the main optical axis L of the system. In this embodiment, the switchingscanning element 230 is located outside thereference plane 210, and the switchingscanning element 30 is specifically a galvanometer. The switchingscanning element 230 is rotatable about a fixedaxis 233, the fixedaxis 233 being parallel to thereference plane 210, and the fixedaxis 233 being parallel to thefirst end 211. The switchingscanning element 230 has a first operating position 230a and a second operating position 230b and is switchable between the first operating position 230a and the second operating position 230b by rotation about a fixedaxis 233. The propagation direction of the measuring light can be selected by controlling the switchingscanning element 230 to be at different rotation angles so that the measuring light is transmitted to the anterior ocular segmentoptical path component 250 or the posterior ocular segmentoptical path component 270. Specifically, the switchingscanning element 230 may be controlled to switch between the first working position 230a and the second working position 230b, and when the switchingscanning element 230 is in the first working position 230a, as shown in fig. 9, an included angle between a propagation path of incident light and a propagation path of reflected light at the switchingscanning element 230 is β, the measurement light is transmitted to the anterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 250; when the switchingscanning element 230 is in the second working position 230b, as shown in fig. 9, an included angle between a propagation path of incident light and a propagation path of reflected light at the switchingscanning element 230 is α, and the measuring light is transmitted to the posterior segmentoptical path assembly 270.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the system further includes an electronic control component (e.g., a motor), the electronic control component has an electrically controlled rotating bracket (e.g., a rotating shaft), the electronic control component is electrically connected to thecontroller 2111, the switchingscanning element 230 is fixed on the electrically controlled rotating bracket, thecontroller 2111 controls the rotation of the electronic control component to drive the electrically controlled rotating bracket to rotate, so as to control the rotation angle of the switchingscanning element 230, when the switchingscanning element 230 rotates to the first working position 230a, the switching scanning element reflects the measurement light to the anterior ocular segmentoptical path component 250, and when the switchingscanning element 230 rotates to the second working position, the switching scanning element reflects the measurement light to the posterior ocular segmentoptical path component 270.

It is understood that in other embodiments of the present invention, the system may also control the rotation angle of the switchingscanning element 230 through manual adjustment, and specifically, the system includes a rotating bracket for fixing the switchingscanning element 230, the rotating bracket provides a knob, and the rotation angle of the switchingscanning element 230 is adjusted through manual rotation of the knob to inject the measuring light into the corresponding position of the eye to be inspected E.

It is understood that in other embodiments of the present invention, the switchingscanning element 230 may also be controlled to rotate angularly by other mechanical devices or electrical methods, and the design solution satisfying this requirement is within the scope of the present invention, and will not be described herein again.

Referring to fig. 8 again, in this embodiment, the measurement light reaches thelight splitting element 280 after passing through the anterior ocular segmentoptical path component 250 or the posterior ocular segmentoptical path component 270, and thelight splitting element 280 is specifically a half-transmitting half-reflecting mirror, and can transmit the measurement light transmitted by the anterior ocular segmentoptical path component 250 and reflect the measurement light transmitted by the posterior ocular segmentoptical path component 270. Specifically, in the present embodiment, when the switchingscanning element 230 is in the first working position 230a, the measuring light passes through thebeam splitting element 280 and is focused to the anterior segment of the eye E, such as the cornea of the eye E, via theobjective lens 290. When the switchingscanning element 230 is in the second working position 230b, the measuring light is reflected by thebeam splitter 280 and focused to the posterior segment of the eye E, such as the retina of the eye E, via theobjective lens 290.

In this embodiment, the anterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 250 includes at least one total reflection mirror, i.e. afirst reflection mirror 251. When the switchingscanning element 230 is in the first working position 230a, the measuring light transmitted by the switchingscanning element 230 is reflected to thelight splitting element 280 via thefirst mirror 251.

Preferably, the anterior ocular segmentoptical assembly 250 includes two total reflection mirrors, afirst mirror 251 and asecond mirror 255. Thefirst mirror 251 is disposed at thesecond end 213, and thesecond mirror 255 is disposed at thefirst end 211. The intersection point of the system main optical axis L with thefirst mirror 251 and the intersection point of the system main optical axis L with thesecond mirror 255 are both located on thereference plane 210. A line connecting an intersection point of the system principal optical axis L with the first reflectingmirror 251 and an intersection point of the system principal optical axis L with the second reflectingmirror 255 is parallel to thethird end 215, and a line connecting an intersection point of the system principal optical axis L with the second reflectingmirror 255 and an intersection point of the system principal optical axis L with thelight splitting element 280 is parallel to thefirst end 211. When the switchingscanning element 230 is in the first working position 230a, the light transmitted by the switchingscanning element 230 is reflected to thelight splitting element 280 by thefirst mirror 251 and thesecond mirror 255 in sequence.

It should be noted that in this embodiment, the anterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 250 further includes at least one relay lens, wherein there is at least one relay lens between thefirst reflector 251 and thesecond reflector 255, and when the switchingscanning element 230 rotates to the first working position 230a, thefirst reflector 251 reflects the measuring light to transmit to thesecond reflector 255 through the relay lens; or at least one relay lens between the second reflectingmirror 255 and thelight splitting element 280, in this case, the measuring light is reflected by the second reflectingmirror 255 and irradiated onto thelight splitting element 280 through the relay lens.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the anterior ocular segmentoptical assembly 250 includes two relay lenses, namely afirst relay lens 253 and asecond relay lens 259, wherein thefirst relay lens 253 is between thefirst reflector 251 and thesecond reflector 255, and thesecond relay lens 259 is between thesecond reflector 255 and thebeam splitting element 280. The intersection point of the system principal optical axis L and thefirst relay lens 253 and the intersection point of the system principal optical axis L and thesecond relay lens 259 are both located on thereference plane 210, the intersection point of the system principal optical axis L and the first reflectingmirror 251, the intersection point of the system principal optical axis L and the second reflectingmirror 255 and the intersection point of the system principal optical axis L and thefirst relay lens 253 are located on the same straight line, and a connecting line between the intersection point of the system principal optical axis L and the second reflectingmirror 255 and the intersection point of the system principal optical axis L and thesecond relay lens 259 is parallel to thefirst end 211. At this time, when the switchingscanning element 230 is located at the first working position 230a, the measuring light reflected by the switchingscanning element 230 is reflected by the first reflectingmirror 251, transmitted by thefirst relay lens 253, reflected by the second reflectingmirror 255, transmitted by thesecond relay lens 259, and then irradiated to thebeam splitting element 280.

As shown in fig. 8, in the present embodiment, when the switchingscanning element 230 is in the first working position 230a, thebeam splitter 280 receives the measurement light from the anterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 250, and the measurement light passes through thebeam splitter 280 and is focused to the anterior ocular segment of the eye to be inspected E, such as the cornea of the eye to be inspected E, through theobjective lens 290. The anterior segment scatters the measurement light to generate an anterior segment signal light, which is irradiated to thelight splitting element 280 through theobjective lens 290. The anterior ocular segment signal light is divided into a first anterior ocular segment signal light and a second anterior ocular segment signal light by thelight splitting element 280, and the second anterior ocular segment signal light is reflected by thelight splitting element 280 to enter the posterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 270 and does not propagate back to themain body module 2100 any more; the first anterior ocular segment signal light sequentially passes through thelight splitting element 280, the anterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 250 and the switchingscanning element 230 along the direction opposite to the measurement light and is propagated back to themain body module 2100, and interferes with the reference light in thecoupler 2103 to generate interference light, and thedetector 2105 receives and processes the interference light and transmits the interference light to thecontroller 2111. Since the polarization direction of the first eye front section signal light is controlled by thepolarization controller 2107 before returning to thecoupler 2103, the effect of interference is ensured.

In this embodiment, theoptical path assembly 270 includes aretroreflective element 271 and anoptical element 273, and when the switchingscanning element 230 is located at the second working position 230b, the measuring light provided by the switchingscanning element 230 is transmitted to thelight splitting element 280 after being reflected by theretroreflective element 271 and theoptical element 273 in sequence.

Specifically, theoptical element 273 may be a total reflection mirror, a half-reflection mirror, or a dichroic mirror, and the geometric center of theoptical element 273 is located on thereference plane 210.

Theretroreflective element 271 includes a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface. Referring to fig. 9 again, theretroreflective element 271 may be an angular prism, and preferably, theretroreflective element 271 is a right-angle prism. The right-angle prism includes a firstreflective surface 271a and a secondreflective surface 271b, and the included angle between the firstreflective surface 271a and the secondreflective surface 271b is preferably set to be a right angle. Theretroreflective element 271 and the switchingscanning element 230 are oppositely disposed on two different sides of thereference plane 210, a connection line between an intersection point of the system main optical axis L and the firstreflective surface 271a and an intersection point of the system main optical axis L and the switchingscanning element 230 is perpendicular to thereference plane 210, and a connection line between an intersection point of the system main optical axis L and the secondreflective surface 271b and an intersection point of the system main optical axis L and theoptical element 273 is also perpendicular to thereference plane 210. When the switchingscanning element 230 is in the second working position 230b, the measuring light provided by the switchingscanning element 230 is reflected by the first reflectingsurface 271a, the second reflectingsurface 271b and theoptical element 273 in sequence and then transmitted to thebeam splitting element 280.

Preferably, the posterior ocular segmentoptical assembly 270 further comprises a displacement control element (not shown), and theretroreflective element 271 is used for adjusting the optical path. Theretroreflective element 271 is fixed to the displacement control element and is movable with the displacement control element in a direction perpendicular to the reference plane, thereby changing the optical path length that the measurement light experiences in the posterior ocular segmentoptical path assembly 270. The posterior segmentoptical path assembly 270 further includes adioptric adjustment unit 275, thedioptric adjustment unit 275 is disposed between theoptical element 273 and thebeam splitter 280, and thedioptric adjustment unit 275 is movable between theoptical element 273 and thebeam splitter 280, so that the measurement light can be focused on the posterior segment of the eye E, for example, the retina of the eye E, for different diopters of the eye E. During the movement, the intersection point of the system main optical axis L and thedioptric adjustment unit 275 is always located on thereference plane 210. Therefraction adjusting unit 275 may be a lens.

It should be noted that, when measuring the posterior segment of the eye E, since the length of the eye axis of different eyes E is different, it is necessary to provide an optical path adjusting unit in one of the anterior segmentoptical path component 250 and the posterior segmentoptical path component 270, and preferably, an optical path adjusting unit, that is, theretroreflective element 271, is provided in the posterior segmentoptical path component 270.

It is understood that in other embodiments of the present invention, the displacement of theretroreflective element 271 can be calculated by a stepping motor, a voice coil motor, or a grating ruler, a capacitive grating ruler, etc., and is not limited to the above-mentioned moving device or sensor, as long as the structure satisfying such design is within the protection scope of the present invention.

It is understood that in other embodiments of the present invention, theretroreflective element 271 can also be a movable retro-reflector, and the optical path adjustment can be realized only by moving the movable retro-reflector when the optical path adjustment is realized.

In addition, in performing posterior segment measurement of the eye, the position at which the measurement light is focused in the eye E to be inspected can be adjusted by thediopter adjustment member 275, for example, by moving thediopter adjustment member 275 to focus the light on the retina of the eye E to be inspected to achieve measurement of the eye E to be inspected having myopia or hypermetropia. In particular, therefractive adjustment member 275 is mounted on a translation device (not shown) that is manually or electrically controlled to move to achieve refractive adjustment.

In this embodiment, after the measurement light is focused on the posterior segment of the eye E to be inspected, the posterior segment scatters the measurement light and generates a posterior segment signal light, and the posterior segment signal light irradiates thespectroscopic element 280 through theobjective lens 290. The signal light of the posterior segment of the eye is divided into a first signal light of the posterior segment of the eye and a second signal light of the posterior segment of the eye by thelight splitting element 280, and the first signal light of the posterior segment of the eye enters theoptical path component 250 of the anterior segment of the eye after being transmitted by thelight splitting element 280 and does not propagate back to themain body module 2100; the second posterior segment signal light is reflected by thelight splitting element 280, then sequentially propagates through the posterior segmentoptical path assembly 270 and the switchingscanning element 230 in the direction opposite to the measurement light, and then propagates back to themain body module 2100, and interferes with the reference light in thecoupler 2103 to generate interference light, and thedetector 2105 receives and processes the interference light and then transmits the interference light to thecontroller 2111. Since the polarization direction of the second eye posterior segment signal light is controlled by thepolarization controller 2107 before returning to thecoupler 2103, the effect of interference is ensured.

It is understood that the system can obtain the relevant parameters of the eye E to be inspected, such as the axial length of the eye E to be inspected, by controlling the rotation angle of the switchingscanning element 230 to rapidly switch the imaging of the anterior segment or the imaging of the posterior segment of the eye E to be inspected, and by calculating the optical path difference between the imaging of the anterior segment and the imaging of the posterior segment.

Referring to fig. 8 again, in the present embodiment, the system further includes a fixationoptical module 2300, and the fixationoptical module 2300 includes afixation light source 2301 and afixation lens 2303. The light emitted by thefixation light source 2301 is visible light, thefixation light source 2301 is specifically a display screen for displaying a fixation target for the eye E to be inspected to fix vision, and the display screen may be an LCD screen, an OLED screen, or an LED array screen.

Preferably, in this embodiment, theoptical element 273 is a dichroic mirror. Specifically, theoptical element 273 can transmit light output from thefixation light source 2301 and reflect light output from thelight source 2101.

The light emitted by thefixation light source 2301 is transmitted through thefixation lens 2303 and theoptical element 273, is adjusted and bent by therefraction adjusting element 275, is reflected by thebeam splitter element 280, and is focused on the posterior segment of the eye to be inspected E, such as the retina of the eye to be inspected E, through theobjective lens 290.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the fixation position of the eye to be inspected E may be changed using a fixation mark, and the fixation mark may be moved up, down, left, and right, so as to detect different positions of the eye to be inspected. The light emitted from thefixation light source 2301 can adjust diopter through thediopter adjustment element 275, and if the light emitted from thefixation light source 2301 cannot be adjusted to be flexed, the vision fixation mark has different degrees of clarity when observed by the eye to be inspected E with different vision, which makes the eye to be inspected feel uncomfortable when fixed, therefore, preferably, the light path emitted from thefixation light source 2301 is adjusted to be flexed through thediopter adjustment element 275 and then focused on the fundus retina of the eye to be inspected E, so that the eye to be inspected E can see the clear vision fixation mark.

As shown in fig. 8, the system provided in this embodiment further includes an anteriorsegment imaging module 2500, which is configured to capture an image to determine parameters of the cornea center curvature, the pupil diameter, the white-to-white distance, and the like of the eye E, for example, capture an iris image of the eye E. The anteriorsegment imaging module 2500 is electrically connected to thecontroller 2111, and includes: anillumination light source 2501, abeam splitter 2502, aview expanding lens 2503, a third reflector 2505, animaging lens 2507, and animage pickup device 2509.

Specifically, theillumination light source 2501 is disposed between theobjective lens 290 and the eye to be inspected E, and theillumination light source 2501 emits near infrared light. Thespectroscope 2502 is specifically a dichroic mirror, and transmits light output by theillumination light source 2501 and reflects light output by thelight source 2101 and light output by thefixation light source 2301. The magnifyinglens 2503 is configured to converge the reflected light, and theimaging lens 2507 is configured to form an image of the reflected light on theimaging device 2509.

The light emitted from theillumination light source 2501 is irradiated to the anterior segment of the eye E, and reflected by the anterior segment to form a reflected light, wherein a part of the reflected light is reflected by the cornea of the eye E, and a part of the reflected light passes through the cornea, enters the eye E, and is diffusely reflected by tissues such as the anterior chamber of the eye E.

The reflected light is transmitted to the third reflector 2505 through theobjective lens 290, thespectroscope 2502 and thevision expanding lens 2503, is reflected by the third reflector 2505, then passes through thecamera lens 2507, is focused by thecamera lens 2507 to thecamera 2509 to form an image of the anterior ocular segment of the eye to be detected, and thecontroller 2111 acquires the image of the anterior ocular segment of the eye to be detected.

In order to make the subject feel comfortable and to avoid a feeling of pressure due to close contact with the system, theobjective lens 290 is disposed to extend forward from the system, and therefore, the distance between theobjective lens 290 and theimage pickup 2509 is large. In order to determine parameters such as white-to-white distance, the anteriorsegment imaging module 2500 needs to have a larger imaging range, which is contradictory to the extension of theobjective lens 290. The objective of theextended view lens 2503 is to solve this conflict, and theextended view lens 2503 may change the propagation direction of light reflected by the cornea and light diffusely reflected by the anterior chamber so as to converge, and finally form an image in a wide range on theimage pickup device 2509.

In this embodiment, the anteriorsegment imaging module 2500 further has a function of monitoring the optical path to guide the operator to operate the instrument and to know the related information of the examinee, the system is movably disposed on an operation table, a lower jaw support system is disposed on the operation table, the examiner fixes the head of the examinee by using the lower jaw support system to fix the eye E, the fixation mark from the fixationoptical module 2300 is fixed behind the eye E, the examiner controls the movement of the jaw support system and the ophthalmologic measurement system by the operation lever while observing the display screen of thecontroller 2111, so that the anterior segment of the eye E, such as the iris, enters thecamera 2509 of the anteriorsegment imaging module 2500, and an iris image is presented in a display screen of thecontroller 2111 to guide a doctor in operating an instrument and in understanding information about the eye E to be inspected.

In summary, the ophthalmic measurement system provided by the embodiment of the present invention controls and switches the rotation angle of the scanning element to rapidly switch the anterior segment imaging or the posterior segment imaging of the eye to be examined, and obtains the relevant parameters of the eye to be examined by calculating the optical path difference between the anterior segment imaging and the posterior segment imaging; and the switching scanning element also has a scanning function, so that the scanning of the anterior segment and the posterior segment of the eye to be detected can be realized. Compared with the prior art, the invention provides another technical scheme which can realize the switching of the scanning of the anterior segment and the posterior segment of the eye to be detected so as to determine the axial length of the eye to be detected based on the spectral domain OCT technology, and can overcome the defects of complex structure and high cost in the prior art.

Furthermore, in the ophthalmic measurement system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the anterior ocular segment optical path component and the posterior ocular segment optical path component are both located on the reference plane, so that the optical path structure can be vertically arranged, the ophthalmic measurement system has a relatively beautiful appearance, and is in line with human engineering, thereby avoiding the oppression on the patient to be measured. On the basis, the switching scanning element can rotate around a certain shaft to realize anterior segment scanning and posterior segment scanning and switch between the anterior segment scanning and the posterior segment scanning, so that the eye to be detected can be scanned in the horizontal direction, and the measuring beam is less prone to be shielded by eyelids and eyelashes due to horizontal scanning.

It will be appreciated that horizontal scanning, i.e. the scanning plane is perpendicular to the reference plane and the scanning plane is drawn across the left and right eye lines of the human eye to be measured.

If the left and right direction size of the system measured person is large, both eyes of the measured person are shielded by the instrument probe when the measured person is measured, and both eyes of the measured person are shielded by a near object when the working distance of the instrument probe is short, so that a strong oppressed feeling is generated, and the measurement experience of the measured person is not facilitated.

Claims (13)

1. An ophthalmologic measuring system for detecting an eye to be examined is characterized by comprising a main body module, a reference plane, a switching scanning element, an anterior segment optical path component, a posterior segment optical path component, a light splitting element and a system main optical axis,

the main body module is used for providing measurement light and reference light, receiving first anterior ocular segment signal light and second posterior ocular segment signal light, respectively interfering the first anterior ocular segment signal light, the second posterior ocular segment signal light and the reference light, and collecting corresponding interference light;

the system main optical axis comprises an emergent main optical axis which is positioned on the reference plane, the switching scanning element can rotate around a fixed axis, and the switching scanning element has a first working position and a second working position and can be switched between the first working position and the second working position by rotating around the fixed axis;

the anterior ocular segment optical path assembly comprises a first reflector, the posterior ocular segment optical path assembly comprises a reflecting element and an optical element, and the intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the first reflector and the intersection point of the main optical axis of the system and the optical element are both positioned on the reference plane;

when the switching scanning element is in the first working position, the measurement light provided by the main body module is reflected by the switching scanning element to the first reflecting mirror, reflected by the first reflecting mirror to the light splitting element, transmitted to the eye to be inspected through the light splitting element, and scattered by the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected to form anterior segment signal light, the anterior segment signal light is scattered to the light splitting element through the anterior segment of the eye to be inspected, the light splitting element splits the anterior segment signal light into the first anterior segment signal light and the second anterior segment signal light, transmits the first anterior segment signal light to the first reflecting mirror, is reflected to the switching scanning element through the first reflecting mirror, and is reflected by the switching scanning element to enter the main body module,

when the switching scanning element is in the second working position, the measurement light provided by the main body module is reflected to the retroreflective element by the switching scanning element, reflected to the optical element by the retroreflective element, reflected to the light splitting element by the optical element, and transmitted to the eye to be inspected by the light splitting element, and scattered by the posterior segment of the eye to be inspected to form posterior segment signal light, which is scattered to the light splitting element by the posterior segment of the eye to be inspected, the light splitting element splits the posterior ocular segment signal light into first posterior ocular segment signal light and the second posterior ocular segment signal light and transmits the second posterior ocular segment signal light to the optical element, the second eye back signal light is reflected to the retroreflective element through the optical element, then reflected to the switching scanning element through the retroreflective element and reflected to enter the main body module through the switching scanning element.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein said switching scanning element is rotatable about said fixed axis in said first operative position, said switching scanning element is rotatable about said fixed axis in said first operative position to effect scanning of said anterior ocular segment of said eye to be examined, said switching scanning element is rotatable about said fixed axis in said second operative position, and said switching scanning element is rotatable about said fixed axis in said second operative position to effect scanning of said posterior ocular segment of said eye to be examined.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the fixed axis is parallel to the exit primary optical axis when the system is in a detection condition.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the retroreflective element includes a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface, an intersection of a main optical axis of the system and the second reflective surface is located in the reference plane, and wherein when the switching scanning element is in the second operating position, the measurement light is reflected by the switching scanning element to the first reflective surface and then sequentially reflected by the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface to the optical element.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the anterior ocular segment optical assembly includes a second mirror, the second reflective surface, the optical element, the first mirror, the switching scanning element, and the second mirror being arranged in sequence along a direction perpendicular to the emergent primary optical axis,

when the switching scanning element is located at the first working position, the measuring light provided by the main body module is reflected to the first reflecting mirror by the switching scanning element, reflected to the second reflecting mirror by the first reflecting mirror, and reflected to the light splitting element by the second reflecting mirror.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the anterior ocular segment optical assembly includes a third mirror, a line connecting the intersection of the system principal optical axis with the first mirror and the intersection of the system principal optical axis with the second mirror is perpendicular to the exit principal optical axis, a line connecting the intersection of the system principal optical axis with the second mirror and the intersection of the system principal optical axis with the third mirror is parallel to the exit principal optical axis, a line connecting the intersection of the system principal optical axis with the third mirror and the intersection of the system principal optical axis with the beam splitting element is perpendicular to the exit principal optical axis,

when the switching scanning element is located at the first working position, the measurement light provided by the main body module is reflected to the first reflecting mirror by the switching scanning element, reflected to the second reflecting mirror by the first reflecting mirror, reflected to the third reflecting mirror by the second reflecting mirror, and reflected to the light splitting element by the third reflecting mirror.

7. The system of claim 4, wherein the retroreflective elements are movable in a direction perpendicular to the outgoing main optical axis.

8. The system of claim 2, wherein the switched scanning element is located outside of the reference plane, the fixed axis being parallel to the reference plane and perpendicular to the exit primary optical axis.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the retroreflective element includes a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface, a line connecting an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the switching scanning element and an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the first reflective surface is perpendicular to the reference plane, a line connecting an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the second reflective surface and an intersection point of the system main optical axis and the optical element is also perpendicular to the reference plane, and when the switching scanning element is in the second working position, the measurement light is reflected to the first reflective surface by the switching scanning element and then sequentially reflected to the optical element by the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the anterior ocular segment optical assembly includes a second mirror, a line connecting an intersection of the system principal optical axis and the first mirror and an intersection of the system principal optical axis and the second mirror is parallel to the exit principal optical axis, a line connecting an intersection of the system principal optical axis and the second mirror and an intersection of the system principal optical axis and the light splitting element is perpendicular to the exit principal optical axis,

when the switching scanning element is located at the first working position, the measuring light provided by the main body module is reflected to the first reflecting mirror by the switching scanning element, reflected to the second reflecting mirror by the first reflecting mirror, and reflected to the light splitting element by the second reflecting mirror.

11. The system of claim 9, wherein the retroreflective elements are movable in a direction perpendicular to the reference plane.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the reference plane is perpendicular to a line joining the centers of the pupils of the left and right eyes of the eye being examined when the system is in the inspection mode.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the system includes a scan plane, the scan plane is perpendicular to the reference plane, the exit principal optical axis is located in the scan plane, a line connecting centers of pupils of left and right eyes of the eye to be inspected is located in the scan plane when the system is in the inspection condition, and paths of the measurement light transmitted to the eye to be inspected through the light splitting element are located in the scan plane.

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