技术领域technical field
本发明实施例涉及图像处理技术领域，特别涉及一种图像处理方法、电子设备和计算机可读存储介质。Embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of image processing, and in particular, to an image processing method, electronic equipment, and a computer-readable storage medium.
背景技术Background technique
目前，绿幕抠图技术在电影行业扮演中极其重要的作用，通过绿幕技术能够准确分割出前后景物体，并通过后期的合成技术能够实现电影中的各种特效。在实际绿幕场景拍摄中，由于场景灯光布局及前景物体本身的影响，绿色成分很容易“溢出”到前景物体上，如：1)绿幕背景反光2)前景角色身穿白色衣物3)前景物体头发丝等毛发边缘4)人物身体轮廓及边缘等等。绿色成分的“溢出”导致成像后的前景物体局部偏色，为了克服这种“溢色”现象，现有许多色彩抑制方法被提出，现有主流方法大多为RGB通道抑制，主要原理为抑制G通道或B通道(蓝幕)的颜色成分，低降低绿色或蓝色成分的影响At present, the green screen matting technology plays an extremely important role in the film industry. Through the green screen technology, the front and back objects can be accurately segmented, and various special effects in the film can be realized through the later synthesis technology. In the actual shooting of green screen scenes, due to the influence of the lighting layout of the scene and the foreground objects themselves, the green component is easy to "spill" onto the foreground objects, such as: 1) the reflection of the green screen background 2) the foreground character is wearing white clothes 3) the hair edge of the foreground object such as hair strands 4) the outline and edge of the character's body, etc. The "overflow" of the green component leads to local color cast of the foreground object after imaging. In order to overcome this "overflow" phenomenon, many existing color suppression methods have been proposed. Most of the existing mainstream methods are RGB channel suppression. The main principle is to suppress the color components of the G channel or B channel (blue screen), and reduce the influence of green or blue components.
然而，发明人发现相关技术中至少存在如下问题：RGB通道抑制方法虽然能够有效的抑制溢色区域反射的背景色成分，但同时会影响一些非溢色区域的颜色。However, the inventors have found that at least the following problems exist in the related art: although the RGB channel suppression method can effectively suppress the background color component reflected in the overflow area, it will also affect the color of some non-overflow areas.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明实施方式的目的在于提供一种图像处理方法、电子设备和计算机可读存储介质，使得可以有效的抑制溢色区域反射的背景色成分，同时不影响一些非溢色区域的颜色。The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an image processing method, an electronic device and a computer-readable storage medium, so that the background color component reflected in the overflow color area can be effectively suppressed, and at the same time, the color of some non-color overflow areas will not be affected.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的实施方式提供了一种图像处理方法，包括：确定待处理图像中的溢色区域，并确定所述溢色区域中的像素为预设色相的置信度；其中，所述预设色相为所述待处理图像中的背景色的色相；去除所述待处理图像中的所述背景色得到第一图像；根据所述置信度对所述第一图像和所述待处理图像进行线性混合，获取第二图像；对所述第二图像的亮度和饱和度进行修正，获取处理后的结果图像。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the embodiment of the present invention provides an image processing method, including: determining the color overflow area in the image to be processed, and determining the confidence level that the pixel in the color overflow area is a preset hue; wherein, the preset hue is the hue of the background color in the image to be processed; removing the background color in the image to be processed to obtain a first image; linearly mixing the first image and the image to be processed according to the confidence level to obtain a second image; correcting the brightness and saturation of the second image to obtain a processed result image .
本发明的实施方式还提供了一种电子设备，包括：至少一个处理器；以及，与所述至少一个处理器通信连接的存储器；其中，所述存储器存储有可被所述至少一个处理器执行的指令，所述指令被所述至少一个处理器执行，以使所述至少一个处理器能够执行上述的图像处理方法。An embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, including: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, so that the at least one processor can execute the above-mentioned image processing method.
本发明的实施方式还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述的图像处理方法。Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and implementing the above-mentioned image processing method when the computer program is executed by a processor.
本发明实施方式相对于现有技术而言，确定待处理图像中的溢色区域，即对待处理图像中的溢色区域和非溢色区域进行了区分。通过确定待处理图像中的溢色区域中的像素为预设色相的置信度，其中预设色相为待处理图像中的背景色的色相，使得可以通过溢色区域中的像素的置信度得出该像素与背景色的色相的接近程度。通过去除待处理图像中的背景色得到第一图像，使得第一图像中的背景色成分可以大幅度降低。根据置信度对第一图像和待处理图像进行线性混合，获取第二图像，即结合溢色区域中的像素的色相与背景色的色相的接近程度，对去除背景色的第一图像和待处理图像即原始图像进行线性混合得到第二图像，使得在一定程度上第二图像相比于原始图像溢色区域反射的背景色成分可以被抑制。另外，由于去除待处理图像中的背景色会在一定程度上影响亮度和饱和度，因此，对第二图像的亮度和饱和度进行修正，获取处理后的结果图像，使得处理后的结果图像可以将因去除背景色影响的亮度和饱和度还原，从而可以在抑制溢色区域反射的背景色成分的同时不影响一些非溢色区域的颜色。Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention determines the color overflow area in the image to be processed, that is, distinguishes the color overflow area and the non-color overflow area in the image to be processed. By determining the confidence level that the pixel in the color overflow area in the image to be processed is the preset hue, wherein the preset hue is the hue of the background color in the image to be processed, so that the closeness of the pixel to the hue of the background color can be obtained through the confidence level of the pixel in the color overflow area. The first image is obtained by removing the background color in the image to be processed, so that the background color component in the first image can be greatly reduced. According to the confidence degree, the first image and the image to be processed are linearly mixed to obtain the second image, that is, the second image is obtained by linearly mixing the first image with the background color removed and the image to be processed, that is, the original image, so that the background color component reflected by the second image compared with the original image overflow area can be suppressed to a certain extent. In addition, because removing the background color in the image to be processed will affect the brightness and saturation to a certain extent, the brightness and saturation of the second image are corrected to obtain the processed result image, so that the processed result image can restore the brightness and saturation affected by the removal of the background color, so that the background color components reflected in the overflow color area can be suppressed while not affecting the color of some non-overflow color areas.
另外，所述根据所述溢色区域中的像素的HSL分量值和所述预设色相关联的工作区间，计算所述溢色区域中的像素为预设色相的置信度，包括：通过以下公式计算所述溢色区域中的像素为预设色相的置信度：In addition, according to the HSL component value of the pixel in the color overflow area and the working interval associated with the preset color, calculating the confidence that the pixel in the color overflow area is a preset hue includes: calculating the confidence that the pixel in the color overflow area is a preset hue by the following formula:
其中，所述C为计算的置信度，所述H为像素的色相分量值，所述Lo，Li，Ro，Ri，分别为所述工作区间在色相环上的头端渐变开始值，头端渐变结束值，尾端渐变开始值，尾端渐变结束值。提供了一种计算置信度的具体公式，方便了准确的计算溢色区域中的像素为预设色相的置信度。Wherein, the C is the confidence level of the calculation, the H is the hue component value of the pixel, and the Lo , Li , Ro , Ri are respectively the start value of the gradient at the head end, the end value of the gradient at the head end, the start value of the gradient at the tail end, and the end value of the gradient at the tail end of the working interval on the hue circle. A specific formula for calculating the confidence level is provided, which facilitates the accurate calculation of the confidence level that the pixel in the color overflow area is the preset hue.
另外，所述色相估计值的获取方式如下：获取所述待处理图像中的背景区域的像素在HSL色彩空间下H分量值的平均值；将所述H分量值的平均值作为所述色相估计值。提供了一种色相估计值的获取方式，将背景区域的像素在HSL色彩空间下H分量值的平均值作为色相估计值，有利于考虑到背景区域的所有像素的H分量值，从而对背景色的色相值进行准确的估计，避免现有技术中使用背景色的色相经验值可能带来的偏差。In addition, the acquisition method of the hue estimated value is as follows: acquire the average value of the H component value of the pixels in the background area in the image to be processed in the HSL color space; use the average value of the H component value as the hue estimated value. A method for obtaining an estimated hue value is provided, and the average value of the H component values of pixels in the background area in the HSL color space is used as the estimated hue value, which is conducive to considering the H component values of all pixels in the background area, thereby accurately estimating the hue value of the background color, and avoiding deviations that may be caused by using the hue experience value of the background color in the prior art.
另外，在所述对所述第二图像的亮度和饱和度进行调整，获取处理后的结果图像之后，还包括：对所述待处理图像的背景区域进行色彩成分分析，确定溢出抑制估计值；根据所述溢出抑制估计值对所述待处理图像和所述结果图像进行线性融合，得到目标图像。考虑到实际场景中由于灯光材质不同背景色往往会发生变化，现有G通道溢出抑制方法未分析真实的背景色成分，容易导出溢出抑制不足或过度抑制。本发明实施方式通过对待处理图像的背景区域进行色彩成分分析确定溢出抑制估计值，根据溢出抑制估计值对待处理图像和结果图像进行线性融合，得到目标图像，有利于避免溢出抑制不足或过度抑制，从而更精确的抑制溢色区域反射的背景色成分。In addition, after adjusting the brightness and saturation of the second image and obtaining the processed result image, the method further includes: performing color component analysis on the background area of the image to be processed to determine an estimated overflow suppression value; performing linear fusion on the image to be processed and the result image according to the estimated overflow suppression value to obtain a target image. Considering that the background color often changes due to different lighting materials in actual scenes, the existing G channel overflow suppression methods do not analyze the real background color components, and it is easy to derive insufficient or excessive overflow suppression. In the embodiment of the present invention, the estimated value of overflow suppression is determined by analyzing the color components of the background area of the image to be processed, and the image to be processed and the resulting image are linearly fused according to the estimated value of overflow suppression to obtain the target image, which is beneficial to avoid insufficient or excessive suppression of overflow suppression, thereby more accurately suppressing the background color component reflected in the overflow color area.
另外，所述对所述待处理图像的背景区域进行色彩成分分析，确定溢出抑制估计值，包括：获取所述待处理图像中的背景区域的像素在HSL色彩空间下各分量值的平均值；其中，所述各分量值的平均值包括H分量值的平均值、S分量值的平均值和L分量值的平均值；根据所述HSL色彩空间下各分量值的平均值，计算所述溢出抑制估计值。提供了一种确定溢出抑制估计值的实现方式，通过获取待处理图像中的背景区域的像素的在HSL色彩空间下各分量值的平均值，有利于准确的对待处理图像的背景区域进行色彩成分分析，根据HSL色彩空间下各分量值的平均值，有利于合理的计算溢出抑制估计值。In addition, the performing color component analysis on the background area of the image to be processed to determine the estimated value of overflow suppression includes: acquiring the average value of each component value of the pixels in the background area of the image to be processed in the HSL color space; wherein, the average value of each component value includes the average value of the H component value, the average value of the S component value, and the average value of the L component value; according to the average value of each component value in the HSL color space, calculate the overflow suppression estimated value. An implementation method for determining an estimated value of overflow suppression is provided. By obtaining the average value of each component value of a pixel in a background area of an image to be processed in the HSL color space, it is beneficial to accurately perform color component analysis on the background area of the image to be processed. According to the average value of each component value in the HSL color space, it is beneficial to reasonably calculate the estimated value of overflow suppression.
附图说明Description of drawings
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定。One or more embodiments are exemplified by pictures in the accompanying drawings, and these exemplifications are not intended to limit the embodiments.
图1是根据本发明第一实施方式中的图像处理方法的流程图；Fig. 1 is a flow chart according to the image processing method in the first embodiment of the present invention;
图2是根据本发明第一实施方式中的像素的置信度与该像素的H分量值所处的区间之间的关系示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the confidence level of a pixel and the interval of the H component value of the pixel according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
图3是根据本发明第二实施方式中的图像处理方法的流程图；3 is a flow chart of an image processing method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
图4是根据本发明第三实施方式中的电子设备的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明的各实施方式进行详细的阐述。然而，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解，在本发明各实施方式中，为了使读者更好地理解本申请而提出了许多技术细节。但是，即使没有这些技术细节和基于以下各实施方式的种种变化和修改，也可以实现本申请所要求保护的技术方案。以下各个实施例的划分是为了描述方便，不应对本发明的具体实现方式构成任何限定，各个实施例在不矛盾的前提下可以相互结合相互引用。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, various implementation modes of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that, in each implementation manner of the present invention, many technical details are provided for readers to better understand the present application. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following implementation modes, the technical solution claimed in this application can also be realized. The division of the following embodiments is for the convenience of description, and should not constitute any limitation to the specific implementation of the present invention, and the various embodiments can be combined and referred to each other on the premise of no contradiction.
本发明的第一实施方式涉及一种图像处理方法。下面对本实施方式的实现细节进行具体的说明，以下内容仅为方便理解提供的实现细节，并非实施本方案的必须。本实施方式中的图像处理方法的流程图，如图1所示，具体包括：A first embodiment of the present invention relates to an image processing method. The implementation details of this embodiment will be specifically described below, and the following content is only implementation details provided for easy understanding, and is not necessary for implementing this solution. The flowchart of the image processing method in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, specifically includes:
步骤101：确定待处理图像中的溢色区域，并确定溢色区域中的像素为预设色相的置信度。Step 101: Determine the color overflow area in the image to be processed, and determine the confidence that the pixels in the color overflow area are preset hues.
其中，预设色相为待处理图像中的背景色的色相，即待处理图像中的背景幕布的颜色的色相。比如，在具体实现中，若背景幕布为绿色幕布，则预设色相为绿色的色相，若背景幕布为蓝色幕布，则预设色相为蓝色的色相。Wherein, the preset hue is the hue of the background color in the image to be processed, that is, the hue of the color of the background curtain in the image to be processed. For example, in a specific implementation, if the background curtain is a green curtain, the preset hue is a green hue, and if the background curtain is a blue curtain, the preset hue is a blue hue.
在一个例子中，确定待处理图像中的溢色区域的方式可以为：根据色相环确定预设色相关联的工作区间，获取待处理图像中的像素的色相，根据待处理图像中的像素的色相是否处于预设色相关联的工作区间，确定待处理图像中的溢色区域。比如，若像素的色相处于预设色相关联的工作区间，则该像素所在区域为溢色区域，否则为非溢色区域。以背景幕布为绿色幕布为例，根据色相环确定的绿色的色相关联的工作区间可以为[75°，165°]，在该工作区间内包括偏绿和绿对应的色相值，偏绿可以包括青绿、黄绿等。其中，绿对应的色相值的区间为[105°，135°]，其余为偏绿对应的色相值的区间。在具体实现中，绿色的色相关联的工作区间也可以表示为[75°，105°，135°，165°]。In an example, the manner of determining the color overflow area in the image to be processed may be: determine the working range associated with the preset color according to the hue circle, obtain the hue of the pixel in the image to be processed, and determine the color overflow area in the image to be processed according to whether the hue of the pixel in the image to be processed is in the working range associated with the preset color. For example, if the hue of the pixel is in the working range associated with the preset color, the area where the pixel is located is a color overflow area, otherwise it is a non-color overflow area. Taking the background curtain as an example of a green curtain, the working range associated with the green color determined according to the hue circle can be [75°, 165°], and the working range includes greenish and greenish hue values, and the greenish color can include turquoise, yellow-green, etc. Among them, the range of hue values corresponding to green is [105°, 135°], and the rest are ranges of hue values corresponding to greenish. In a specific implementation, the working range associated with the green hue may also be expressed as [75°, 105°, 135°, 165°].
在一个例子中，确定溢色区域中的像素为预设色相的置信度的方式可以为：首先，将待处理图像的像素的RGB分量值转换为HSL分量值；也就是对待处理图像进行HSL色彩空间转换得到待处理图像的像素的HSL分量值，由于RGB分量值与HSL分量值之间的转换属于现有技术，本实施方式对此不作展开描述。然后，根据溢色区域中的像素的HSL分量值和预设色相关联的工作区间，计算溢色区域中的像素为预设色相的置信度。其中，一个像素的置信度可以表征该像素与背景色的色相的接近程度，置信度的大小所在的区间为[0，1]。置信度为0表明该像素与背景色的色相毫无关联；置信度为1表明该像素与背景色的色相相同；置信度为(0，1)表明该像素与背景色的色相有关联但不相同，该像素与背景色的色相的越接近，置信度越大。可以理解的是，溢色区域中的像素的置信度的取值范围为(0，1]，溢色区域中的像素的置信度为0。比如，以背景幕布为绿色幕布为例，绿色的色相关联的工作区间可以为[75°，165°]，若像素的色相处于绿色的色相在[105°，135°]之间，则该像素的置信度为1。若像素的色相不在[75°，165°]之间，则该像素的置信度为0。若像素的色相在[75°，105°)或是(135°，165°]，则可以根据像素的色相与绿色的色相的接近程度，确定置信度。In an example, the manner of determining the confidence level that the pixel in the overflow color area is the preset hue may be as follows: firstly, convert the RGB component value of the pixel of the image to be processed into an HSL component value; that is, perform HSL color space conversion on the image to be processed to obtain the HSL component value of the pixel of the image to be processed. Since the conversion between the RGB component value and the HSL component value belongs to the prior art, this embodiment will not describe it. Then, according to the HSL component values of the pixels in the color overflow area and the working range associated with the preset color, the confidence that the pixels in the color overflow area are the preset hue is calculated. Wherein, the confidence degree of a pixel can represent the closeness of the hue of the pixel to the background color, and the confidence degree is in the interval [0, 1]. A confidence level of 0 indicates that the pixel has no relationship with the hue of the background color; a confidence level of 1 indicates that the pixel has the same hue as the background color; a confidence level of (0, 1) indicates that the pixel is related to the hue of the background color but not the same, and the closer the pixel is to the hue of the background color, the greater the confidence. It can be understood that the value range of the confidence degree of the pixel in the overflow color area is (0, 1], and the confidence degree of the pixel in the overflow color area is 0. For example, taking the background curtain as a green curtain, the working range associated with the green color can be [75°, 165°], if the hue of the pixel is between [105°, 135°], the confidence of the pixel is 1. If the hue of the pixel is not in [75°, 165°] °], the confidence level of the pixel is 0. If the hue of the pixel is in [75°, 105°) or (135°, 165°], the confidence level can be determined according to the closeness between the hue of the pixel and the hue of green.
在一个例子中，可以通过以下公式计算溢色区域中的像素为预设色相的置信度：In an example, the confidence that the pixels in the out-of-color area are the preset hue can be calculated by the following formula:
其中，所述C为计算的置信度，所述H为像素的色相分量值，所述Lo，Li，Ro，Ri，分别为所述工作区间在色相环上的头端渐变开始值，头端渐变结束值，尾端渐变开始值，尾端渐变结束值。预设色相以绿色的色相为例，绿色的色相关联的工作区间可以表示为[75°，105°，135°，165°]。为便于理解，可以参考图2，图2展示了像素的置信度与该像素的H分量值所处的区间之间的关系。可以理解的是，溢色区域中的每一个像素均可以对应一个置信度。Wherein, the C is the confidence level of the calculation, the H is the hue component value of the pixel, and the Lo , Li , Ro , Ri are respectively the start value of the gradient at the head end, the end value of the gradient at the head end, the start value of the gradient at the tail end, and the end value of the gradient at the tail end of the working interval on the hue circle. The preset hue takes the hue of green as an example, and the working range associated with the hue of green can be expressed as [75°, 105°, 135°, 165°]. For ease of understanding, reference may be made to FIG. 2 , which shows the relationship between the confidence of a pixel and the interval of the H component value of the pixel. It can be understood that each pixel in the out-of-color area may correspond to a confidence level.
步骤102：去除待处理图像中的背景色得到第一图像。Step 102: Remove the background color in the image to be processed to obtain the first image.
比如说，待处理图像中的背景色为绿色幕布的颜色，则可以对除待处理图像的G通道进行0值填充，从而去除待处理图像中的绿色成分。再比如说，待处理图像中的背景色为蓝色幕布的颜色，则可以对除待处理图像的B通道进行0值填充，从而去除待处理图像中的蓝色成分。其中，第一图像可以为基于HSL色彩空间的图像。For example, if the background color in the image to be processed is the color of the green curtain, the G channel of the image to be processed can be filled with 0, thereby removing the green component in the image to be processed. For another example, if the background color of the image to be processed is the color of the blue curtain, the B channel of the image to be processed can be filled with 0 to remove the blue component in the image to be processed. Wherein, the first image may be an image based on the HSL color space.
在一个例子中，待处理图像中的背景色为绿色幕布的颜色，可以先对待处理图像中的G通道进行0值填充，然后再对进行0值填充后的图像进行HSL色彩空间转换得到第一图像。In an example, the background color in the image to be processed is the color of the green curtain, the G channel in the image to be processed can be filled with 0 first, and then the image after filling with 0 is converted into an HSL color space to obtain the first image.
步骤103：根据置信度对第一图像和待处理图像进行线性混合，获取第二图像。Step 103: Linearly blend the first image and the image to be processed according to the confidence level to obtain a second image.
具体的说，可以根据溢色区域中的像素的置信度对第一图像中的像素值和待处理图像中的像素值进行线性混合，获取第二图像。可以理解的是，第一图像和待处理图像中各个像素的位置是相同的，因此可以获取第一图像的预设区域，该预设区域在第一图像中的相对位置与溢色区域在待处理图像中的相对位置相同。根据溢色区域中的像素的置信度，对第一图像中预设区域内的像素的像素值和待处理图像中溢色区域内的像素的像素值进行线性混合，得到第二图像。Specifically, the second image may be obtained by linearly mixing the pixel values in the first image and the pixel values in the image to be processed according to the confidence of the pixels in the out-of-color area. It can be understood that the position of each pixel in the first image and the image to be processed is the same, so the preset area of the first image can be obtained, and the relative position of the preset area in the first image is the same as the relative position of the color overflow area in the image to be processed. According to the confidence of the pixels in the color overflow area, the pixel values of the pixels in the preset area in the first image and the pixel values of the pixels in the color overflow area in the image to be processed are linearly mixed to obtain the second image.
在一个例子中，可以先对第一图像的色相和饱和度进行调整，得到第一调整图像。比如，可以分别获取第一图像的当前色相值和当前饱和度值，将第一图像的当前色相值减去预设色相值作为目标色相值，将当前饱和度值减去预设饱和度值作为目标饱和度值。然后将第一图像的色相和饱和度分别调整为上述的目标色相值和目标饱和度值，得到第一调整图像。其中，预设色相值和预设饱和度值可以根据实际需要进行设置，比如本实施方式中预设色相值可以设置为24°±10°，预设饱和度值可以设置为-30±10，然而在具体实现中并不以此为限。得到第一调整图像后，可以根据置信度通过以下公式对第一调整图像和待处理图像进行线性混合，获取第二图像：In an example, the hue and saturation of the first image may be adjusted first to obtain a first adjusted image. For example, the current hue value and the current saturation value of the first image can be obtained respectively, the current hue value of the first image minus the preset hue value is used as the target hue value, and the current saturation value minus the preset saturation value is used as the target saturation value. Then the hue and saturation of the first image are respectively adjusted to the above target hue value and target saturation value to obtain the first adjusted image. Wherein, the preset hue value and the preset saturation value can be set according to actual needs. For example, in this embodiment, the preset hue value can be set to 24°±10°, and the preset saturation value can be set to -30±10. However, it is not limited to this in specific implementation. After the first adjusted image is obtained, the second image can be obtained by linearly mixing the first adjusted image and the image to be processed according to the confidence degree by the following formula:
I2＝(1.0-C)*I+C*(I1_0)I2＝(1.0-C)*I+C*(I1_0)
其中，I2为第二图像的像素值，C为置信度，I为待处理图像的像素值，I1_0为第一调整图像的像素值。线性混合可以理解为根据溢色区域中的像素的置信度，对待处理图像中的像素的像素值与第一调整图像中预设区域内的像素的像素值进行线性混合；其中，预设区域在第一调整图像中的相对位置与溢色区域在待处理图像中的相对位置相同。也就是说，本实施方式中只对待处理图像中的溢色区域的像素的像素值进行调整。Wherein, I2 is the pixel value of the second image, C is the confidence level, I is the pixel value of the image to be processed, and I1_0 is the pixel value of the first adjusted image. Linear mixing can be understood as linearly mixing the pixel values of the pixels in the image to be processed with the pixel values of the pixels in the preset area in the first adjusted image according to the confidence of the pixels in the color overflow area; wherein, the relative position of the preset area in the first adjusted image is the same as the relative position of the color overflow area in the image to be processed. That is to say, in this embodiment, only the pixel values of the pixels in the color overflow area in the image to be processed are adjusted.
步骤104：对第二图像的亮度和饱和度进行修正，获取处理后的结果图像。Step 104: Correct the brightness and saturation of the second image, and obtain a processed result image.
在一个例子中，可以根据亮度和饱和度的经验值对第二图像的亮度和饱和度进行修正，获取处理后的结果图像。In an example, the brightness and saturation of the second image may be corrected according to empirical values of brightness and saturation to obtain a processed result image.
在另一个例子中，对第二图像的亮度和饱和度进行修正，获取处理后的结果图像的方式可以如下：In another example, the brightness and saturation of the second image are corrected, and the manner of obtaining the processed result image may be as follows:
首先，将预设的基于HSL色彩空间的背景色混合因子转换为基于RGB色彩空间的背景色混合因子；其中，基于HSL色彩空间的背景色混合因子包括：色相估计值H、亮度估计值L和饱和度估计值S，背景色混合因子可以表示为(H，S，L)。其中，亮度估计值L和饱和度估计值S可以根据实际需要进行设置，本实施方式中亮度估计值L可以设置为50±10，饱和度估计值S可以设置为50±10，然而在具体实现中并不以此为限。对基于HSL色彩空间的背景色混合因子(H，S，L)进行RGB色彩空间转换得到基于RGB色彩空间的背景色混合因子(Rb,Gb,Bb)。另外，由于HSL色彩空间与RGB色彩空间之间的转换为现有技术，因此，本实施方式对具体的转换过程不作具体描述。First, the preset background color mixing factor based on the HSL color space is converted into a background color mixing factor based on the RGB color space; wherein, the background color mixing factor based on the HSL color space includes: an estimated value of hue H, an estimated value of brightness L and an estimated value of saturation S, and the background color mixing factor can be expressed as (H, S, L). Wherein, the brightness estimated value L and the saturation estimated value S can be set according to actual needs. In this embodiment, the brightness estimated value L can be set to 50±10, and the saturation estimated value S can be set to 50±10, but it is not limited to this in specific implementation. Convert the background color mixing factors (H, S, L) based on the HSL color space to RGB color space to obtain the background color mixing factors (Rb , Gb , Bb ) based on the RGB color space. In addition, since the conversion between the HSL color space and the RGB color space is an existing technology, the specific conversion process is not specifically described in this embodiment.
在一个例子中，背景色混合因子(H，S，L)中的色相估计值H可以采用经验值，比如绿色幕布背景下，色相估计值H可以采用绿色的色相值，比如120°。In an example, the estimated hue value H in the background color mixing factors (H, S, L) can be an empirical value, for example, in a green curtain background, the estimated hue value H can be a green hue value, such as 120°.
在另一个例子中，背景色混合因子(H，S，L)中的色相估计值的获取方式如下：获取待处理图像中的背景区域的像素在HSL色彩空间下H分量值的平均值；将H分量值的平均值作为所述色相估计值。比如，可以先基于现有的分割技术进行前后景的分割，得到前景蒙版图像M，前后景的分割可采用传统的抠图技术，如：shared-matting，close-form matting等方法实现。然后，根据待处理图像和前景蒙版图像，对背景区域进行色彩成分分析，得到RGB色彩空间下背景区域的像素的RGB分量值的平均值，再将RGB分量值的平均值转换为在HSL色彩空间下的HSL分量值的平均值，然后将H分量值的平均值作为背景色混合因子(H，S，L)中的色相估计值。另外，在根据待处理图像和前景蒙版图像，对背景区域进行色彩成分分析时，可以先对待处理图像和前景蒙版图像进行下采样，得到具有预设分辨率的待处理图像和前景蒙版图像，然后根据具有预设分辨率的待处理图像和前景蒙版图像对背景区域进行色彩成分分析，从而获取待处理图像中的背景区域的像素在HSL色彩空间下H分量值的平均值。其中，下采样可以理解为对图像进行等比例缩小，预设分辨率可以较小，比如图像的较长边不超过320像素。先对待处理图像和前景蒙版图像进行下采样，有利于缩短执行时间。In another example, the acquisition method of the estimated hue value in the background color mixing factor (H, S, L) is as follows: obtain the average value of the H component value of the pixels in the background area in the image to be processed in the HSL color space; use the average value of the H component value as the estimated hue value. For example, the foreground and foreground can be segmented first based on the existing segmentation technology to obtain the foreground mask image M. The foreground and foreground segmentation can be realized by using traditional matting techniques such as shared-matting and close-form matting. Then, according to the image to be processed and the foreground mask image, the color component analysis of the background area is carried out to obtain the average value of the RGB component values of the pixels in the background area under the RGB color space, and then the average value of the RGB component values is converted into the average value of the HSL component values under the HSL color space, and then the average value of the H component value is used as the hue estimation value in the background color mixing factor (H, S, L). In addition, when analyzing the color components of the background area according to the image to be processed and the foreground mask image, the image to be processed and the foreground mask image can be down-sampled to obtain the image to be processed and the foreground mask image with a preset resolution, and then the color component analysis is performed on the background area according to the image to be processed and the foreground mask image with a preset resolution, so as to obtain the average value of the H component values of the pixels in the background area in the image to be processed in the HSL color space. Wherein, downsampling can be understood as reducing the image proportionally, and the preset resolution can be smaller, for example, the longer side of the image does not exceed 320 pixels. Downsampling the image to be processed and the foreground mask image first is beneficial to shorten the execution time.
接着，获取基于RGB色彩空间的背景色混合因子的亮度和饱和度。比如，可以通过以下公式获取基于RGB色彩空间的背景色混合因子的亮度值L和饱和度值S：Next, the brightness and saturation of the background color mixing factor based on the RGB color space are acquired. For example, the brightness value L and saturation value S of the background color mixing factor based on the RGB color space can be obtained by the following formula:
L＝aRb+bGb+cBbL＝aRb +bGb +cBb
S＝max(Rb,Gb,Bb)-min(Rb,Gb,Bb)S＝max(Rb ,Gb ,Bb )-min(Rb ,Gb ,Bb )
其中，a+b+c＝1，a、b、c的具体取值可以根据实际需要进行设置，在一个例子中a、b、c的取值可以如下：a＝0.3,b＝0.59,c＝0.11，然而在具体实现中并不以此为限。Wherein, a+b+c=1, the specific values of a, b, and c can be set according to actual needs, in an example, the values of a, b, and c can be as follows: a=0.3, b=0.59, c=0.11, but it is not limited to this in specific implementation.
然后，根据获取的亮度值和饱和度值分别对第二图像的亮度和饱和度进行修正，获取获取处理后的结果图像。比如，将第二图像的亮度和饱和度分别修正为获取的亮度值L和饱和度值S。Then, the brightness and saturation of the second image are respectively corrected according to the acquired brightness value and saturation value, and a result image after acquisition and processing is obtained. For example, the brightness and saturation of the second image are corrected to the acquired brightness value L and saturation value S respectively.
需要说明的是，本实施方式中的上述各示例均为为方便理解进行的举例说明，并不对本发明的技术方案构成限定。It should be noted that, the above-mentioned examples in this embodiment are all illustrations for the convenience of understanding, and do not limit the technical solution of the present invention.
与现有技术相比，本实施方式确定待处理图像中的溢色区域，即对待处理图像中的溢色区域和非溢色区域进行了区分。通过确定待处理图像中的溢色区域中的像素为预设色相的置信度，其中预设色相为待处理图像中的背景色的色相，使得可以通过溢色区域中的像素的置信度得出该像素与背景色的色相的接近程度。通过去除待处理图像中的背景色得到第一图像，使得第一图像中的背景色成分可以大幅度降低。根据置信度对第一图像和待处理图像进行线性混合，获取第二图像，即结合溢色区域中的像素的色相与背景色的色相的接近程度，对去除背景色的第一图像和待处理图像即原始图像进行线性混合得到第二图像，使得在一定程度上第二图像相比于原始图像溢色区域反射的背景色成分可以被抑制。另外，由于去除待处理图像中的背景色会在一定程度上影响亮度和饱和度，因此，对第二图像的亮度和饱和度进行修正，获取处理后的结果图像，使得处理后的结果图像可以将因去除背景色影响的亮度和饱和度还原，从而可以在抑制溢色区域反射的背景色成分的同时不影响一些非溢色区域的颜色。Compared with the prior art, this embodiment determines the color overflow area in the image to be processed, that is, distinguishes the color overflow area and the non-color overflow area in the image to be processed. By determining the confidence level that the pixel in the color overflow area in the image to be processed is the preset hue, wherein the preset hue is the hue of the background color in the image to be processed, so that the closeness of the pixel to the hue of the background color can be obtained through the confidence level of the pixel in the color overflow area. The first image is obtained by removing the background color in the image to be processed, so that the background color component in the first image can be greatly reduced. According to the confidence degree, the first image and the image to be processed are linearly mixed to obtain the second image, that is, the second image is obtained by linearly mixing the first image with the background color removed and the image to be processed, that is, the original image, so that the background color component reflected by the second image compared with the original image overflow area can be suppressed to a certain extent. In addition, because removing the background color in the image to be processed will affect the brightness and saturation to a certain extent, the brightness and saturation of the second image are corrected to obtain the processed result image, so that the processed result image can restore the brightness and saturation affected by the removal of the background color, so that the background color components reflected in the overflow color area can be suppressed while not affecting the color of some non-overflow color areas.
本发明的第二实施方式涉及一种图像处理方法。第二实施方式是对第一实施方式的进一步改进，本实施方式在得到结果图像后，还会对结果图像进行进一步处理得到目标图像，使得可以避免溢出抑制不足或过度抑制，从而更精确的抑制溢色区域反射的背景色成分。下面对本实施方式的实现细节进行具体的说明，以下内容仅为方便理解提供的实现细节，并非实施本方案的必须。本实施方式中的图像处理方法的流程图，如图2所示，具体包括：A second embodiment of the present invention relates to an image processing method. The second embodiment is a further improvement on the first embodiment. In this embodiment, after the result image is obtained, the result image is further processed to obtain the target image, so that insufficient or excessive overflow suppression can be avoided, thereby more accurately suppressing the background color component reflected in the overflow color area. The implementation details of this embodiment will be specifically described below, and the following content is only implementation details provided for easy understanding, and is not necessary for implementing this solution. The flowchart of the image processing method in this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, specifically includes:
步骤201：确定待处理图像中的溢色区域，并确定溢色区域中的像素为预设色相的置信度。Step 201: Determine the color overflow area in the image to be processed, and determine the confidence that the pixels in the color overflow area are preset hues.
步骤202：去除待处理图像中的背景色得到第一图像。Step 202: Remove the background color in the image to be processed to obtain the first image.
步骤203：根据置信度对第一图像和待处理图像进行线性混合，获取第二图像。Step 203: Linearly blend the first image and the image to be processed according to the confidence level to obtain a second image.
步骤204：对第二图像的亮度和饱和度进行修正，获取处理后的结果图像。Step 204: Correct the brightness and saturation of the second image, and obtain a processed result image.
其中，步骤201至步骤204与第一实施方式中步骤101至步骤104大致相同，为避免重复在此不再一一赘述。Wherein, Steps 201 to 204 are substantially the same as Steps 101 to 104 in the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here to avoid repetition.
步骤205：对待处理图像的背景区域进行色彩成分分析，确定溢出抑制估计值。Step 205: Perform color component analysis on the background area of the image to be processed to determine an estimated overflow suppression value.
具体的说，可以先获取待处理图像中的背景区域的像素的在HSL色彩空间下各分量值的平均值；其中，各分量值的平均值包括H分量值的平均值、S分量值的平均值和L分量值的平均值。然后根据HSL色彩空间下各分量值的平均值，计算溢出抑制估计值。Specifically, the average value of each component value of the pixels in the background area in the image to be processed can be obtained in the HSL color space; wherein, the average value of each component value includes the average value of the H component value, the average value of the S component value and the average value of the L component value. Then according to the average value of each component value in the HSL color space, the overflow suppression estimation value is calculated.
在一个例子中，获取待处理图像中的背景区域的像素的在HSL色彩空间下各分量值的平均值的方式可以如下：获取待处理图像对应的前景蒙版图像，根据待处理图像和前景蒙版图像，在RGB色彩空间下进行背景区域的颜色统计得到背景区域的背景平均色将/>转换到HSL色彩空间，得到HSL色彩空间下的背景平均色/>其中，/>可以理解为：背景区域的像素的RGB分量值的平均值，/>可以理解为：背景区域的像素的HSL分量值的平均值。另外，在获取待处理图像对应的前景蒙版图像后，还可以先对待处理图像和前景蒙版图像进行下采样，得到具有预设分辨率的待处理图像和前景蒙版图像，然后根据具有预设分辨率的待处理图像和前景蒙版图像，在RGB色彩空间下进行背景区域的颜色统计得到背景区域的背景平均色/>其中，下采样可以理解为对图像进行等比例缩小，预设分辨率可以较小，比如图像的较长边不超过320像素。先对待处理图像和前景蒙版图像进行下采样，有利于缩短执行时间。In an example, the method of obtaining the average value of each component value of the pixels in the background area in the image to be processed in the HSL color space can be as follows: obtain the foreground mask image corresponding to the image to be processed, and perform color statistics of the background area in the RGB color space according to the image to be processed and the foreground mask image to obtain the background average color of the background area Will /> Convert to HSL color space to get background average color in HSL color space/> where, /> It can be understood as: the average value of the RGB component values of the pixels in the background area, /> It can be understood as: the average value of the HSL component values of the pixels in the background area. In addition, after obtaining the foreground mask image corresponding to the image to be processed, the image to be processed and the foreground mask image can also be down-sampled to obtain the image to be processed and the foreground mask image with a preset resolution, and then according to the image to be processed and the foreground mask image with a preset resolution, the color statistics of the background area are performed in the RGB color space to obtain the background average color of the background area /> Wherein, downsampling can be understood as reducing the image proportionally, and the preset resolution can be smaller, for example, the longer side of the image does not exceed 320 pixels. Downsampling the image to be processed and the foreground mask image first is beneficial to shorten the execution time.
在一个例子中，根据HSL色彩空间下各分量值的平均值，计算溢出抑制估计值的方式可以为：通过如下公式计算溢出抑制估计值：In an example, according to the average value of each component value in the HSL color space, the method of calculating the estimated value of overflow suppression may be: calculate the estimated value of overflow suppression by the following formula:
其中，α为计算的溢出抑制估计值，分别为HSL色彩空间下各分量值的平均值。x1至x7可以根据实际需要进行设置，其中，x1、x2、x3、x5均为小于1的自然数，x7为大于1的自然数，x5和x6的取值可以为50±20。在一个例子中，x1至x7的取值可以如下：x1＝0.8±0.1,x2＝0.6±0.1,x3＝0.35±0.1,x4＝50±10,x5＝0.5±0.2,x6＝50±10,x7＝1.767±0.2where α is the calculated overflow suppression estimate, are the average values of each component in the HSL color space, respectively. x1 to x7 can be set according to actual needs, wherein x1 , x2 , x3 , and x5 are all natural numbers less than 1, x7 is a natural number greater than 1, and the values of x5 and x6 can be 50±20. In an example, the values of x1 to x7 can be as follows: x1 =0.8±0.1, x2 =0.6±0.1, x3 =0.35±0.1, x4 =50±10, x5 =0.5±0.2, x6 =50±10, x7 =1.767±0.2
步骤206：根据溢出抑制估计值对待处理图像和结果图像进行线性融合，得到目标图像。Step 206: Perform linear fusion of the image to be processed and the result image according to the estimated overflow suppression value to obtain the target image.
具体的说，可以根据溢出抑制估计值对第一图像中的像素值和待处理图像中的像素值进行线性混合，获取目标图像。在具体实现中，可以对待处理图像、结果图像和溢出抑制估计值α，使用alpha融合方法，完成溢出抑制的自适应调整，并得目标图像。比如，可以根据如下公式进行线性融合：Specifically, the target image can be obtained by linearly mixing the pixel values in the first image and the pixel values in the image to be processed according to the overflow suppression estimation value. In a specific implementation, the image to be processed, the result image and the estimated overflow suppression value α can be used to complete the adaptive adjustment of the overflow suppression and obtain the target image by using the alpha fusion method. For example, linear fusion can be performed according to the following formula:
I4＝(1-α)I+αI3I4 =(1-α)I+αI3
其中，I4为目标图像的像素值、I为待处理图像的像素值、I3为结果图像的像素值，α为溢出抑制估计值。线性混合可以理解为对待处理图像和结果图像中处于相同位置的像素的像素值进行线性混合。Among them, I4 is the pixel value of the target image, I is the pixel value of the image to be processed, I3 is the pixel value of the result image, and α is the estimated overflow suppression value. Linear blending can be understood as linear blending of pixel values of pixels at the same position in the image to be processed and the result image.
与现有技术相比，本实施方式中，考虑到实际场景中由于灯光材质不同背景色往往会发生变化，现有G通道溢出抑制方法未分析真实的背景色成分，容易导出溢出抑制不足或过度抑制。本发明实施方式通过对待处理图像的背景区域进行色彩成分分析确定溢出抑制估计值，根据溢出抑制估计值对待处理图像和结果图像进行线性融合，得到目标图像，有利于避免溢出抑制不足或过度抑制，从而更精确的抑制溢色区域反射的背景色成分。Compared with the prior art, in this embodiment, considering that the background color tends to change due to different lighting materials in actual scenes, the existing G channel overflow suppression method does not analyze the real background color components, and it is easy to derive insufficient or excessive overflow suppression. In the embodiment of the present invention, the estimated value of overflow suppression is determined by analyzing the color components of the background area of the image to be processed, and the image to be processed and the resulting image are linearly fused according to the estimated value of overflow suppression to obtain the target image, which is beneficial to avoid insufficient or excessive suppression of overflow suppression, thereby more accurately suppressing the background color component reflected in the overflow color area.
上面各种方法的步骤划分，只是为了描述清楚，实现时可以合并为一个步骤或者对某些步骤进行拆分，分解为多个步骤，只要包括相同的逻辑关系，都在本专利的保护范围内；对算法中或者流程中添加无关紧要的修改或者引入无关紧要的设计，但不改变其算法和流程的核心设计都在该专利的保护范围内。The division of the steps of the above methods is only for the sake of clarity. When implementing, they can be combined into one step or some steps can be split and decomposed into multiple steps. As long as they include the same logical relationship, they are all within the scope of protection of this patent; adding insignificant modifications to the algorithm or process or introducing insignificant designs, but not changing the core design of the algorithm and process are all within the scope of protection of this patent.
本发明第三实施方式涉及一种电子设备，如图3所示，包括至少一个处理器301；以及，与至少一个处理器301通信连接的存储器302；其中，存储器302存储有可被至少一个处理器301执行的指令，指令被至少一个处理器301执行，以使至少一个处理器301能够执行第一、或第二实施方式中的图像处理方法。The third embodiment of the present invention relates to an electronic device, as shown in FIG. 3 , including at least one processor 301; and a memory 302 communicatively connected to the at least one processor 301; wherein, the memory 302 stores instructions executable by the at least one processor 301, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor 301, so that the at least one processor 301 can execute the image processing method in the first or second embodiment.
其中，存储器302和处理器301采用总线方式连接，总线可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥，总线将一个或多个处理器301和存储器302的各种电路连接在一起。总线还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路连接在一起，这些都是本领域所公知的，因此，本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口在总线和收发机之间提供接口。收发机可以是一个元件，也可以是多个元件，比如多个接收器和发送器，提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。经处理器301处理的数据通过天线在无线介质上进行传输，进一步，天线还接收数据并将数据传送给处理器301。Wherein, the memory 302 and the processor 301 are connected by a bus, and the bus may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, and the bus connects one or more processors 301 and various circuits of the memory 302 together. The bus may also connect together various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, all of which are well known in the art and therefore will not be further described herein. The bus interface provides an interface between the bus and the transceivers. A transceiver may be a single element or multiple elements, such as multiple receivers and transmitters, providing means for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. The data processed by the processor 301 is transmitted on the wireless medium through the antenna, and further, the antenna also receives the data and transmits the data to the processor 301 .
处理器301负责管理总线和通常的处理，还可以提供各种功能，包括定时，外围接口，电压调节、电源管理以及其他控制功能。而存储器302可以被用于存储处理器301在执行操作时所使用的数据。The processor 301 is responsible for managing the bus and general processing, and may also provide various functions including timing, peripheral interface, voltage regulation, power management and other control functions. And the memory 302 can be used to store data used by the processor 301 when performing operations.
本发明第四实施方式涉及一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机程序。计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述方法实施例。A fourth embodiment of the present invention relates to a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. The above method embodiments are implemented when the computer program is executed by the processor.
即，本领域技术人员可以理解，实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，该程序存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一个设备(可以是单片机，芯片等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-OnlyMemory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。That is, those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above-mentioned embodiments can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, the program is stored in a storage medium, and includes several instructions to make a device (which can be a single-chip microcomputer, a chip, etc.) or a processor (processor) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk, and other media that can store program codes.
本领域的普通技术人员可以理解，上述各实施方式是实现本发明的具体实施例，而在实际应用中，可以在形式上和细节上对其作各种改变，而不偏离本发明的精神和范围。Those skilled in the art can understand that the above-mentioned implementation modes are specific examples for realizing the present invention, and in practical application, various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
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