CN111437009B - A planer and a planer system - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明实施例涉及一种刨削器及刨削器系统，包括：外壳、外管、内管、传动轴、平移模块、主动齿轮和齿轮轴；外管的近端部设置于外壳的远端部，外管的远端部的侧壁开设有窗口；内管设置在外管内，内管往复运动时，内管的远端部经过所述窗口，切断进入到所述窗口内的组织；传动轴包括平移传动轴，平移传动轴具有双向螺旋结构；平移模块与双向螺旋结构接合，在平移传动轴转动时，平移模块能够沿双向螺旋结构往复运动；主动齿轮固定在传动轴的远端；齿轮轴可转动地连接到所述平移模块，所述内管同轴固定连接到所述齿轮轴，所述齿轮轴包括齿轮部，所述齿轮部与所述主动齿轮在内管往复运动时保持啮合。该装置能够高效、安全地切除组织。

The embodiment of the present invention relates to a shaver and a shaver system, comprising: an outer shell, an outer tube, an inner tube, a transmission shaft, a translation module, a driving gear and a gear shaft; the proximal end of the outer tube is arranged at the distal end of the outer shell, and a window is provided on the side wall of the distal end of the outer tube; the inner tube is arranged in the outer tube, and when the inner tube reciprocates, the distal end of the inner tube passes through the window and cuts off the tissue entering the window; the transmission shaft comprises a translation transmission shaft, and the translation transmission shaft has a bidirectional helical structure; the translation module is engaged with the bidirectional helical structure, and when the translation transmission shaft rotates, the translation module can reciprocate along the bidirectional helical structure; the driving gear is fixed to the distal end of the transmission shaft; the gear shaft is rotatably connected to the translation module, and the inner tube is coaxially fixedly connected to the gear shaft, and the gear shaft comprises a gear part, and the gear part and the driving gear are kept in meshing when the inner tube reciprocates. The device can efficiently and safely remove tissue.

Description

Planing device and planing device system

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical appliances, and particularly relates to a planer and a planer system, in particular to a planer and a planer system which are suitable for cutting tissues such as hysteromyoma, intrauterine polyp and the like.

Background

In the prior art, a planing device for cutting tissues such as hysteromyoma and uterine polyp is provided, which comprises a hollow outer tube and an inner tube coaxially arranged, wherein the inner tube is sleeved in the outer tube, a window is formed in the side wall of the distal end part of the outer tube, a blade part is formed at the distal end part of the inner tube, the inner tube is driven by a driving device, and can reciprocate in the axial direction and rotate along the central shaft of the inner tube, and the inner tube is also connected with a vacuum device. When in use, fluid is supplied into the uterus to expand the uterus, the outer tube and the inner tube extend into the uterus, the vacuum device pumps air, the tissue to be cut is sucked into the outer tube through the window of the outer tube, the driving device drives the inner tube to rotate and reciprocate at the same time, so that the tissue is cut, and the cut tissue is sucked out by the vacuum device through the hollow inner cavity of the inner tube until the operation is finished.

Such shavers are required to meet various requirements such as cutting efficiency and safety. The safe, ending of surgery in as short a time as possible is an important direction of research into such surgical instruments. However, the planing device in the prior art has a plurality of defects, mainly comprising (1) the inner tube is easy to shake when rotating, so that the inner tube and the outer tube are rubbed, further the clamping and breaking phenomena are caused, broken fragments fall into the body, the result is serious, (2) the types of tissues to be cut are different (such as inner membranes, muscles, bones and calcified tissues, etc.), the properties of the tissues are greatly different, such as hardness and toughness, the planing device in the prior art has lower cutting efficiency and weak cutting capability on the tissues with higher hardness and stronger toughness, the operation time is prolonged, and even the inner tube blade part is easy to break, and (3) the inner tube is easy to block.

Disclosure of Invention

The present inventors have conducted diligent studies and have found that the drawbacks of the prior art shavers are caused by their structure and parameter settings, and in particular, they have focused attention on the operation of the inner tube at high rotational speeds and low reciprocation frequencies to meet the required cutting efficiency, and it is this limitation of conventional wisdom that causes the above-mentioned problems with shavers. In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a planer and a planer system.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a planer.

A planing device comprises a shell, an outer tube, an inner tube, a transmission shaft, a translation module, a driving gear and a gear shaft;

The outer tube is provided with a proximal end part and a distal end part, the proximal end part of the outer tube is arranged at the distal end part of the outer shell, and the side wall of the distal end part of the outer tube is provided with a window;

The transmission shaft comprises a translation transmission shaft, a driving gear, an inner pipe, a gear shaft, a driving gear and a gear shaft, wherein the translation transmission shaft is provided with a bidirectional spiral structure, the bidirectional spiral structure comprises a forward thread groove and a backward thread groove, the translation module is engaged with the bidirectional spiral structure, and can reciprocate along the bidirectional spiral structure when the translation transmission shaft rotates;

the bidirectional spiral structure is characterized in that the pitches of the forward thread groove and the backward thread groove are the same, and the ratio of the effective thread length to the pitch is 2:1-6:1.

Further, the ratio of the effective thread length to the thread pitch is 3:1.

Further, the bidirectional screw structure further comprises a proximal transition groove and a distal transition groove, wherein the proximal transition groove is used for connecting the forward thread groove and the backward thread groove at the proximal end of the bidirectional screw structure, and the distal transition groove is used for connecting the forward thread groove and the backward thread groove at the distal end of the bidirectional screw structure.

Further, when the translation module moves along the proximal transition groove or the distal transition groove, the displacement of the translation module in the axial direction of the transmission shaft is greater than or equal to 0 and smaller than the pitch of the backward thread groove.

Further, the proximal transition groove and/or the distal transition groove are configured such that when the drive shaft is rotated 180 °, the translation module completes switching between the forward thread groove and the rearward thread groove.

According to a second aspect of the invention, the invention also proposes another planing machine.

A planing device comprises a shell, an outer tube, an inner tube, a transmission shaft, a translation module, a driving gear and a gear shaft;

The outer tube is provided with a proximal end part and a distal end part, the proximal end part of the outer tube is arranged at the distal end part of the outer shell, and the side wall of the distal end part of the outer tube is provided with a window;

The transmission shaft comprises a translation transmission shaft, a driving gear, an inner pipe, a gear shaft, a driving gear and a gear shaft, wherein the translation transmission shaft is provided with a bidirectional spiral structure, the bidirectional spiral structure comprises a forward thread groove and a backward thread groove, the translation module is engaged with the bidirectional spiral structure, and can reciprocate along the bidirectional spiral structure when the translation transmission shaft rotates;

The bidirectional spiral structure is characterized in that the pitches of the forward thread groove and the backward thread groove are different, and the pitch of the backward thread groove is smaller than that of the forward thread groove.

Further, the bidirectional screw structure further comprises a proximal transition groove and a distal transition groove, wherein the proximal transition groove is used for connecting the forward thread groove and the backward thread groove at the proximal end of the bidirectional screw structure, and the distal transition groove is used for connecting the forward thread groove and the backward thread groove at the distal end of the bidirectional screw structure.

Further, when the translation module moves along the proximal transition groove or the distal transition groove, the displacement of the translation module in the axial direction of the transmission shaft is greater than or equal to 0 and smaller than the pitch of the backward thread groove.

Further, the proximal transition groove and/or the distal transition groove are configured such that when the drive shaft is rotated 180 °, the translation module completes switching between the forward thread groove and the rearward thread groove.

Further, the ratio of the pitch of the back thread groove to the pitch of the front thread groove is 1:4-3:4.

Further, the ratio of the pitch of the back thread groove to the pitch of the front thread groove is 2:3.

Further, the ratio of the pitch of the back thread groove to the pitch of the front thread groove is 3:4.

Further, the ratio of the effective thread length of the bidirectional spiral structure to the pitch of the forward thread groove is 2:1-6:1, and the ratio of the effective thread length of the bidirectional spiral structure to the pitch of the backward thread groove is 4:1-6:1.

Further, the ratio of the effective thread length of the bidirectional screw structure to the pitch of the forward thread groove is 2.6:1, and the ratio of the effective thread length of the bidirectional screw structure to the pitch of the backward thread groove is 3.5:1.

Further, the effective thread length of the bidirectional spiral structure ranges from 19.2mm to 10.8mm, the pitch range of the forward thread groove ranges from 6.4mm to 3.2mm, and the pitch range of the backward thread groove ranges from 4.8mm to 0.8mm.

Further, the effective thread length of the bidirectional spiral structure is 15.2mm, the pitch range of the forward thread groove is 5.79mm, and the pitch of the backward thread groove is 4.34mm.

Further, the bidirectional spiral structure is arranged such that the frequency of the reciprocating movement of the inner tube is greater than 4 times/second when the rotational speed of the transmission shaft is 1000-3000 rpm.

Further, the bidirectional screw structure is arranged such that the frequency of the reciprocating movement of the inner tube is greater than 4 times/second at a rotational speed of the transmission shaft of 1500rpm-2000 rpm.

Further, the bi-directional spiral structure is configured such that the frequency of the reciprocating movement of the inner tube is greater than 4 times/second at a transmission shaft speed of 1750 rpm.

According to a third aspect of the invention, the invention also proposes another planing machine.

A planing device comprises a shell, an outer tube, an inner tube, a transmission shaft, a translation module, a driving gear and a gear shaft;

The outer tube is provided with a proximal end part and a distal end part, the proximal end part of the outer tube is arranged at the distal end part of the outer shell, and the side wall of the distal end part of the outer tube is provided with a window;

The transmission shaft comprises a translation transmission shaft, a driving gear, an inner pipe, a gear shaft, a driving gear and a gear shaft, wherein the translation transmission shaft is provided with a bidirectional spiral structure, the bidirectional spiral structure comprises a forward thread groove and a backward thread groove, the translation module is engaged with the bidirectional spiral structure, and can reciprocate along the bidirectional spiral structure when the translation transmission shaft rotates;

The bidirectional spiral structure is characterized in that the pitches of the forward thread groove and the backward thread groove are the same, and when the rotating speed of the transmission shaft is 1000-3000 rpm, the reciprocating frequency of the inner tube is more than 4 times/second.

Further, the inner tube reciprocates at a frequency greater than 4 times per second at a drive shaft rotational speed of 1500-2000 revolutions per minute.

Further, at a drive shaft speed of 1750 rpm, the inner tube reciprocates at a frequency greater than 4 times/second.

Further, the bidirectional screw structure further comprises a proximal transition groove and a distal transition groove, wherein the proximal transition groove is used for connecting the forward thread groove and the backward thread groove at the proximal end of the bidirectional screw structure, and the distal transition groove is used for connecting the forward thread groove and the backward thread groove at the distal end of the bidirectional screw structure.

Further, when the translation module moves along the proximal transition groove or the distal transition groove, the displacement of the translation module in the axial direction of the transmission shaft is greater than or equal to 0 and smaller than the pitch of the backward thread groove.

Further, the proximal transition groove and/or the distal transition groove are configured such that when the drive shaft is rotated 180 °, the translation module completes switching between the forward thread groove and the rearward thread groove.

Further, the effective thread length is in the range of 19.2mm to 10.8mm and the pitch is in the range of 6.4mm to 3.2mm.

Further, the effective thread length is 15.2mm and the pitch is 5.07mm.

Further, the ratio of the effective thread length to the thread pitch is from 2:1 to 6:1.

Further, the ratio of the effective thread length to the thread pitch is 3:1.

Further, the transmission ratio of the driving gear to the gear part of the gear shaft ranges from 1.5 to 5.

Further, the transmission ratio of the driving gear to the gear portion of the gear shaft is 2.73.

Furthermore, the two ends of the inner tube are open and can be communicated with the air extractor, the gear shaft is of a hollow structure, and the inner tube penetrates through the gear shaft.

The translation module comprises a mounting frame and a threaded groove joint piece, wherein the mounting frame is provided with a first through hole, a translation transmission shaft penetrates through the first through hole and can rotate freely in the first through hole, the threaded groove joint piece is fixed on the mounting frame and is jointed with a forward threaded groove and a backward threaded groove, and when the translation transmission shaft rotates in one direction, the threaded groove joint piece moves back and forth along the threaded groove within the effective threaded length range of the bidirectional spiral structure, so that the mounting frame is driven to reciprocate.

Further, the threaded groove engagement member includes an interconnected base fixedly connected to the mounting bracket and a pawl engaged with either the forward threaded groove or the rearward threaded groove of the translating drive shaft.

Further, the pawl is of a Y-shaped structure.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the present invention also proposes a planer system.

A planer system comprising any one of the foregoing planers and a drive means;

The driving device is provided with a driver, and the driver can drive the transmission shaft to rotate;

The drive means and the shaver are arranged to rotate the inner tube at a cutting factor of more than 0.15, which is the ratio of the rate of reciprocation of the inner tube to the magnitude of the linear velocity of the outer surface of the tip of the inner tube blade when the inner tube is rotated, at a rotational speed of less than 5000 revolutions per minute, and at a frequency of reciprocation of more than 4 times per second.

Further, the output rotating speed of the driving device is 1000-3000 rpm.

Further, the output rotating speed of the driving device is 1500-2000 rpm.

Further, the output rotation speed of the driving device is 1750 revolutions per minute.

The planing device has the advantages that the reciprocating frequency of the inner pipe is improved, the cutting efficiency is greatly improved by changing the structure of the bidirectional threads, the shaking risk is reduced by reducing the rotating speed of the inner pipe, the safety is improved, and the inner pipe is formed by adopting a single material, is formed at one time, does not need welding, and is improved. Other technical effects of embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail in the specification.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a planing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a planing machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a screw groove joint of a planing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a bidirectional spiral structure of a translational drive shaft of a planing machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention is not limited to the drawings and the following examples.

Referring to fig. 1-4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a planer including a housing, a drive shaft, a drive gear 30, a translation module, a gear shaft 50, an outer tube 60, and an inner tube 70.

Claims (35)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种刨削器，其特征在于，包括：外壳、外管、内管、传动轴、平移模块、主动齿轮和齿轮轴；1. A planer, characterized in that it comprises: a housing, an outer tube, an inner tube, a transmission shaft, a translation module, a driving gear and a gear shaft;所述外管具有近端部和远端部，所述外管的近端部设置于所述外壳的远端部，所述外管的远端部的侧壁开设有窗口；所述内管设置在所述外管内，所述内管往复运动时，内管的远端部经过所述窗口，切断进入到所述窗口内的组织；The outer tube has a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end of the outer tube is arranged at the distal end of the outer shell, and a window is opened on the side wall of the distal end of the outer tube; the inner tube is arranged inside the outer tube, and when the inner tube reciprocates, the distal end of the inner tube passes through the window to cut off the tissue entering the window;所述传动轴包括平移传动轴，所述平移传动轴具有双向螺旋结构，所述双向螺旋结构包括前进螺纹凹槽和后退螺纹凹槽；所述平移模块与所述双向螺旋结构接合，在平移传动轴转动时，平移模块能够沿双向螺旋结构往复运动；所述主动齿轮同轴固定在所述传动轴上；所述齿轮轴可转动地连接到所述平移模块，所述内管同轴固定连接到所述齿轮轴，所述齿轮轴包括齿轮部，所述齿轮部与所述主动齿轮在内管往复运动时保持啮合；The transmission shaft comprises a translation transmission shaft, the translation transmission shaft has a bidirectional helical structure, the bidirectional helical structure comprises an advancing thread groove and a retreating thread groove; the translation module is engaged with the bidirectional helical structure, and when the translation transmission shaft rotates, the translation module can reciprocate along the bidirectional helical structure; the driving gear is coaxially fixed on the transmission shaft; the gear shaft is rotatably connected to the translation module, the inner tube is coaxially fixedly connected to the gear shaft, the gear shaft comprises a gear part, and the gear part is kept in mesh with the driving gear when the inner tube reciprocates;所述双向螺旋结构设置为，前进螺纹凹槽和后退螺纹凹槽的螺距相同，有效螺纹长度与螺距之比为2∶1-6∶1；The bidirectional helical structure is configured such that the pitch of the advancing thread groove and the retreating thread groove are the same, and the ratio of the effective thread length to the pitch is 2:1-6:1;所述双向螺旋结构还包括近端过渡凹槽和远端过渡凹槽，所述近端过渡凹槽用于在双向螺纹结构的近端连接前进螺纹凹槽和后退螺纹凹槽，所述远端过渡凹槽用于在双向螺纹结构的远端连接前进螺纹凹槽和后退螺纹凹槽；The bidirectional helical structure further comprises a proximal transition groove and a distal transition groove, wherein the proximal transition groove is used to connect the advancing thread groove and the retreating thread groove at the proximal end of the bidirectional thread structure, and the distal transition groove is used to connect the advancing thread groove and the retreating thread groove at the distal end of the bidirectional thread structure;所述内管两端开放，并能够连通抽气装置；所述齿轮轴呈中空结构，所述内管穿过齿轮轴。Both ends of the inner tube are open and can be connected to an air extraction device; the gear shaft is a hollow structure, and the inner tube passes through the gear shaft.2.如权利要求1所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述有效螺纹长度与螺距之比为3∶1。2. The planer according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the effective thread length to the thread pitch is 3:1.3.如权利要求1所述的刨削器，其特征在于，当所述平移模块沿近端过渡凹槽或远端过渡凹槽运动时，平移模块在传动轴的轴向上的位移大于等于0，且小于后退螺纹凹槽的螺距。3. The planer as described in claim 1 is characterized in that when the translation module moves along the proximal transition groove or the distal transition groove, the axial displacement of the translation module in the transmission shaft is greater than or equal to 0 and less than the pitch of the retreat thread groove.4.如权利要求1或3所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述近端过渡凹槽和/或远端过渡凹槽的结构设置为，当传动轴转动180º时，所述平移模块完成在前进螺纹凹槽和后退螺纹凹槽之间切换。4. A planer as described in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the structure of the proximal transition groove and/or the distal transition groove is arranged so that when the transmission shaft rotates 180°, the translation module completes the switching between the forward thread groove and the backward thread groove.5.一种刨削器，其特征在于，包括：外壳、外管、内管、传动轴、平移模块、主动齿轮和齿轮轴；5. A planer, characterized in that it comprises: a housing, an outer tube, an inner tube, a transmission shaft, a translation module, a driving gear and a gear shaft;所述外管具有近端部和远端部，所述外管的近端部设置于所述外壳的远端部，所述外管的远端部的侧壁开设有窗口；所述内管设置在所述外管内，所述内管往复运动时，内管的远端部经过所述窗口，切断进入到所述窗口内的组织；The outer tube has a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end of the outer tube is arranged at the distal end of the outer shell, and a window is opened on the side wall of the distal end of the outer tube; the inner tube is arranged inside the outer tube, and when the inner tube reciprocates, the distal end of the inner tube passes through the window to cut off the tissue entering the window;所述传动轴包括平移传动轴，所述平移传动轴具有双向螺旋结构，所述双向螺旋结构包括前进螺纹凹槽和后退螺纹凹槽；所述平移模块与所述双向螺旋结构接合，在平移传动轴转动时，平移模块能够沿双向螺旋结构往复运动；所述主动齿轮同轴固定在所述传动轴上；所述齿轮轴可转动地连接到所述平移模块，所述内管同轴固定连接到所述齿轮轴，所述齿轮轴包括齿轮部，所述齿轮部与所述主动齿轮在内管往复运动时保持啮合；The transmission shaft comprises a translation transmission shaft, the translation transmission shaft has a bidirectional helical structure, the bidirectional helical structure comprises an advancing thread groove and a retreating thread groove; the translation module is engaged with the bidirectional helical structure, and when the translation transmission shaft rotates, the translation module can reciprocate along the bidirectional helical structure; the driving gear is coaxially fixed on the transmission shaft; the gear shaft is rotatably connected to the translation module, the inner tube is coaxially fixedly connected to the gear shaft, the gear shaft comprises a gear part, and the gear part is kept in mesh with the driving gear when the inner tube reciprocates;所述双向螺旋结构设置为，前进螺纹凹槽和后退螺纹凹槽的螺距不同，后退螺纹凹槽的螺距小于前进螺旋凹槽的螺距；The bidirectional helical structure is configured such that the pitches of the advancing thread groove and the retreating thread groove are different, and the pitch of the retreating thread groove is smaller than the pitch of the advancing thread groove;所述双向螺旋结构还包括近端过渡凹槽和远端过渡凹槽，所述近端过渡凹槽用于在双向螺纹结构的近端连接前进螺纹凹槽和后退螺纹凹槽，所述远端过渡凹槽用于在双向螺纹结构的远端连接前进螺纹凹槽和后退螺纹凹槽；The bidirectional helical structure further comprises a proximal transition groove and a distal transition groove, wherein the proximal transition groove is used to connect the advancing thread groove and the retreating thread groove at the proximal end of the bidirectional thread structure, and the distal transition groove is used to connect the advancing thread groove and the retreating thread groove at the distal end of the bidirectional thread structure;所述内管两端开放，并能够连通抽气装置；所述齿轮轴呈中空结构，所述内管穿过齿轮轴。Both ends of the inner tube are open and can be connected to an air extraction device; the gear shaft is a hollow structure, and the inner tube passes through the gear shaft.6.如权利要求5所述的刨削器，其特征在于，当所述平移模块沿近端过渡凹槽或远端过渡凹槽运动时，平移模块在传动轴的轴向上的位移大于等于0，且小于后退螺纹凹槽的螺距。6. The planer as described in claim 5 is characterized in that when the translation module moves along the proximal transition groove or the distal transition groove, the axial displacement of the translation module in the transmission shaft is greater than or equal to 0 and less than the pitch of the retreat thread groove.7.如权利要求5或6所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述近端过渡凹槽和/或远端过渡凹槽的结构设置为，当传动轴转动180º时，所述平移模块完成在前进螺纹凹槽和后退螺纹凹槽之间切换。7. A planer as described in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the structure of the proximal transition groove and/or the distal transition groove is arranged so that when the transmission shaft rotates 180°, the translation module completes the switching between the forward thread groove and the backward thread groove.8.如权利要求5所述的刨削器，其特征在于，后退螺纹凹槽的螺距与前进螺纹凹槽的螺距之比为1∶4 - 3∶4。8. The planer according to claim 5, characterized in that the ratio of the pitch of the retreating thread groove to the pitch of the advancing thread groove is 1:4 - 3:4.9.如权利要求8所述的刨削器，其特征在于，后退螺纹凹槽的螺距与前进螺纹凹槽的螺距之比为2∶3。9. A planer according to claim 8, characterized in that the ratio of the pitch of the retreating thread groove to the pitch of the advancing thread groove is 2:3.10.如权利要求8所述的刨削器，其特征在于，后退螺纹凹槽的螺距与前进螺纹凹槽的螺距之比为3∶4。10. The planer according to claim 8, wherein the ratio of the pitch of the retreating thread groove to the pitch of the advancing thread groove is 3:4.11.如权利要求5所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述双向螺旋结构的有效螺纹长度与前进螺纹凹槽的螺距之比为2∶1 - 6∶1，所述双向螺旋结构的有效螺纹长度与后退螺纹凹槽的螺距之比为4∶1 - 6∶1。11. The planer according to claim 5, characterized in that the ratio of the effective thread length of the bidirectional helical structure to the pitch of the advancing thread groove is 2:1-6:1, and the ratio of the effective thread length of the bidirectional helical structure to the pitch of the retreating thread groove is 4:1-6:1.12.如权利要求11所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述双向螺旋结构的有效螺纹长度与前进螺纹凹槽的螺距之比为2.6∶1，所述双向螺旋结构的有效螺纹长度与后退螺纹凹槽的螺距之比为3.5∶1。12. The planer as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the ratio of the effective thread length of the bidirectional helical structure to the pitch of the advancing thread groove is 2.6:1, and the ratio of the effective thread length of the bidirectional helical structure to the pitch of the retreating thread groove is 3.5:1.13.如权利要求5所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述双向螺旋结构的有效螺纹长度范围为19.2mm - 10.8mm；所述前进螺纹凹槽的螺距范围为6.4mm - 3.2mm；所述后退螺纹凹槽的螺距范围为4.8mm - 0.8mm。13. The planer as described in claim 5 is characterized in that the effective thread length range of the bidirectional spiral structure is 19.2mm-10.8mm; the pitch range of the forward thread groove is 6.4mm-3.2mm; the pitch range of the backward thread groove is 4.8mm-0.8mm.14.如权利要求13所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述双向螺旋结构的有效螺纹长度为15.2mm；所述前进螺纹凹槽的螺距范围为5.79mm；所述后退螺纹凹槽的螺距为4.34mm。14. The planer according to claim 13, characterized in that the effective thread length of the bidirectional helical structure is 15.2 mm; the pitch range of the advancing thread groove is 5.79 mm; and the pitch of the retreating thread groove is 4.34 mm.15.如权利要求5所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述双向螺旋结构设置为，在传动轴转速为1000-3000rpm时，内管的往复运动的频率大于4次/秒。15. The planer according to claim 5, characterized in that the bidirectional spiral structure is configured so that when the rotation speed of the transmission shaft is 1000-3000 rpm, the frequency of the reciprocating motion of the inner tube is greater than 4 times/second.16.如权利要求15所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述双向螺旋结构设置为，在传动轴转速为1500rpm-2000rpm时，内管的往复运动的频率大于4次/秒 。16. The planer according to claim 15, characterized in that the bidirectional spiral structure is configured so that when the rotation speed of the transmission shaft is 1500 rpm-2000 rpm, the frequency of the reciprocating motion of the inner tube is greater than 4 times/second.17.如权利要求16所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述双向螺旋结构设置为，在传动轴转速为1750rpm时，内管的往复运动的频率大于4次/秒 。17. The planer according to claim 16, characterized in that the bidirectional spiral structure is configured so that when the rotation speed of the transmission shaft is 1750 rpm, the frequency of the reciprocating motion of the inner tube is greater than 4 times/second.18.一种刨削器，其特征在于，包括：外壳、外管、内管、传动轴、平移模块、主动齿轮和齿轮轴；18. A planer, characterized by comprising: a housing, an outer tube, an inner tube, a transmission shaft, a translation module, a driving gear and a gear shaft;所述外管具有近端部和远端部，所述外管的近端部设置于所述外壳的远端部，所述外管的远端部的侧壁开设有窗口；所述内管设置在所述外管内，所述内管往复运动时，内管的远端部经过所述窗口，切断进入到所述窗口内的组织；The outer tube has a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end of the outer tube is arranged at the distal end of the outer shell, and a window is opened on the side wall of the distal end of the outer tube; the inner tube is arranged inside the outer tube, and when the inner tube reciprocates, the distal end of the inner tube passes through the window to cut off the tissue entering the window;所述传动轴包括平移传动轴，所述平移传动轴具有双向螺旋结构，所述双向螺旋结构包括前进螺纹凹槽和后退螺纹凹槽；所述平移模块与所述双向螺旋结构接合，在平移传动轴转动时，平移模块能够沿双向螺旋结构往复运动；所述主动齿轮同轴固定在所述传动轴上；所述齿轮轴可转动地连接到所述平移模块，所述内管同轴固定连接到所述齿轮轴，所述齿轮轴包括齿轮部，所述齿轮部与所述主动齿轮在内管往复运动时保持啮合；The transmission shaft comprises a translation transmission shaft, the translation transmission shaft has a bidirectional helical structure, the bidirectional helical structure comprises an advancing thread groove and a retreating thread groove; the translation module is engaged with the bidirectional helical structure, and when the translation transmission shaft rotates, the translation module can reciprocate along the bidirectional helical structure; the driving gear is coaxially fixed on the transmission shaft; the gear shaft is rotatably connected to the translation module, the inner tube is coaxially fixedly connected to the gear shaft, the gear shaft comprises a gear part, and the gear part is kept in mesh with the driving gear when the inner tube reciprocates;所述双向螺旋结构设置为，前进螺纹凹槽和后退螺纹凹槽的螺距相同，在传动轴转速在1000-3000转/分钟时，所述内管往复运动的频率大于4次/秒；The bidirectional helical structure is configured such that the pitches of the advancing thread groove and the retreating thread groove are the same, and when the transmission shaft rotates at a speed of 1000-3000 rpm, the frequency of the reciprocating motion of the inner tube is greater than 4 times/second;所述双向螺旋结构还包括近端过渡凹槽和远端过渡凹槽，所述近端过渡凹槽用于在双向螺纹结构的近端连接前进螺纹凹槽和后退螺纹凹槽，所述远端过渡凹槽用于在双向螺纹结构的远端连接前进螺纹凹槽和后退螺纹凹槽；The bidirectional helical structure further comprises a proximal transition groove and a distal transition groove, wherein the proximal transition groove is used to connect the advancing thread groove and the retreating thread groove at the proximal end of the bidirectional thread structure, and the distal transition groove is used to connect the advancing thread groove and the retreating thread groove at the distal end of the bidirectional thread structure;所述内管两端开放，并能够连通抽气装置；所述齿轮轴呈中空结构，所述内管穿过齿轮轴。Both ends of the inner tube are open and can be connected to an air extraction device; the gear shaft is a hollow structure, and the inner tube passes through the gear shaft.19.如权利要求18所述的刨削器，其特征在于，在传动轴转速在1500-2000转/分钟时，所述内管往复运动的频率大于4次/秒。19. The planer according to claim 18, characterized in that when the rotation speed of the transmission shaft is 1500-2000 rpm, the frequency of the reciprocating motion of the inner tube is greater than 4 times/second.20.如权利要求19所述的刨削器，其特征在于，在传动轴转速为1750转/分钟时，所述内管往复运动的频率大于4次/秒。20. The planer according to claim 19, characterized in that when the rotation speed of the transmission shaft is 1750 rpm, the frequency of the reciprocating motion of the inner tube is greater than 4 times/second.21.如权利要求18所述的刨削器，其特征在于，当所述平移模块沿近端过渡凹槽或远端过渡凹槽运动时，平移模块在传动轴的轴向上的位移大于等于0，且小于后退螺纹凹槽的螺距。21. The planer according to claim 18, characterized in that when the translation module moves along the proximal transition groove or the distal transition groove, the axial displacement of the translation module in the transmission shaft is greater than or equal to 0 and less than the pitch of the retreat thread groove.22.如权利要求18或21所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述近端过渡凹槽和/或远端过渡凹槽的结构设置为，当传动轴转动180º时，所述平移模块完成在前进螺纹凹槽和后退螺纹凹槽之间切换。22. The planer according to claim 18 or 21, characterized in that the structure of the proximal transition groove and/or the distal transition groove is arranged so that when the transmission shaft rotates 180°, the translation module completes the switching between the forward thread groove and the backward thread groove.23.如权利要求1或18所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述双向螺旋结构的有效螺纹长度范围为19.2mm-10.8mm，螺距范围为6.4mm–3.2mm。23. The planer according to claim 1 or 18, characterized in that the effective thread length of the bidirectional helical structure ranges from 19.2 mm to 10.8 mm, and the pitch ranges from 6.4 mm to 3.2 mm.24.如权利要求23所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述双向螺旋结构的有效螺纹长度为15.2mm，螺距为5.07mm。24. The planer according to claim 23, characterized in that the effective thread length of the bidirectional helical structure is 15.2 mm and the pitch is 5.07 mm.25.如权利要求18所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述双向螺旋结构的有效螺纹长度与螺距之比为2∶1-6∶1。25. The planer according to claim 18, characterized in that the ratio of the effective thread length to the thread pitch of the bidirectional helical structure is 2:1-6:1.26.如权利要求25所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述双向螺旋结构的有效螺纹长度与螺距之比为3∶1。26. The planer according to claim 25, characterized in that the ratio of the effective thread length to the thread pitch of the bidirectional helical structure is 3:1.27.如权利要求1-3之一或权利要求5-6之一或权利要求8-21之一所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述主动齿轮与齿轮轴的齿轮部的传动比范围为1.5-5。27. The planer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, any one of claims 5 to 6, or any one of claims 8 to 21, characterized in that the transmission ratio between the driving gear and the gear portion of the gear shaft is in the range of 1.5-5.28.如权利要求27所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述主动齿轮与齿轮轴的齿轮部的传动比为2.73。28. The planer according to claim 27, characterized in that the transmission ratio between the driving gear and the gear portion of the gear shaft is 2.73.29.如权利要求1或5或18所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述平移模块包括安装架和螺纹凹槽接合件；所述安装架具有第一通孔，平移传动轴穿过第一通孔，并能够在第一通孔内自由转动；螺纹凹槽接合件固定在安装架上，螺纹凹槽接合件与前进螺纹凹槽和后退螺纹凹槽接合，当平移传动轴沿一个方向转动时，螺纹凹槽接合件在双向螺旋结构的有效螺纹长度范围内沿螺纹凹槽往复运动，从而带动安装架往复运动。29. A planer as described in claim 1 or 5 or 18, characterized in that the translation module includes a mounting frame and a threaded groove joint; the mounting frame has a first through hole, the translation transmission shaft passes through the first through hole, and can rotate freely in the first through hole; the threaded groove joint is fixed on the mounting frame, and the threaded groove joint is engaged with the forward threaded groove and the backward threaded groove, and when the translation transmission shaft rotates in one direction, the threaded groove joint reciprocates along the threaded groove within the effective thread length range of the bidirectional spiral structure, thereby driving the mounting frame to reciprocate.30.如权利要求29所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述螺纹凹槽接合件包括相互连接的基部和棘爪，所述基部固定连接安装架，所述棘爪与平移传动轴的前进螺纹凹槽或后退螺纹凹槽接合。30. The planer according to claim 29, wherein the thread groove engagement member comprises a base and a pawl connected to each other, the base being fixedly connected to the mounting frame, and the pawl engaging with the advancing thread groove or the retreating thread groove of the translation transmission shaft.31.如权利要求30所述的刨削器，其特征在于，所述棘爪呈Y形结构。31. The planer according to claim 30, wherein the pawl is in a Y-shaped structure.32.一种刨削器系统，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-31之一所述的刨削器和驱动装置；32. A planer system, characterized in that it comprises a planer according to any one of claims 1 to 31 and a driving device;所述驱动装置具有一个驱动器，所述驱动器能够驱动所述传动轴转动；The driving device has a driver, and the driver can drive the transmission shaft to rotate;所述驱动装置和所述刨削器设置为，使所述内管以大于0.15的切割因子、小于5000转/分钟的转速转动，并且以大于4次/秒的往复运动的频率往复运动，所述切割因子是指内管往复运动的速率与内管转动时内管刃部顶端的外表面的线速度大小的比值。The driving device and the planer are configured to cause the inner tube to rotate at a cutting factor greater than 0.15, a rotation speed less than 5000 revolutions per minute, and to reciprocate at a reciprocating frequency greater than 4 times per second, wherein the cutting factor refers to the ratio of the reciprocating speed of the inner tube to the linear velocity of the outer surface of the top end of the inner tube blade when the inner tube rotates.33.如权利要求32所述的刨削器系统，其特征在于，所述驱动装置输出转速为1000-3000转/分钟。33. The planer system of claim 32, wherein the output rotation speed of the drive device is 1000-3000 rpm.34.如权利要求33所述的刨削器系统，其特征在于，所述驱动装置输出转速为1500-2000转/分钟。34. The planer system of claim 33, wherein the output rotation speed of the drive device is 1500-2000 rpm.35.如权利要求34所述的刨削器系统，其特征在于，所述驱动装置输出转速为1750转/分钟。35. The planer system of claim 34, wherein the drive device has an output speed of 1750 rpm.