CN111398940A - Comprehensive test device for protecting avalanche tube in observation mirror - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive testing device for protecting a avalanche tube in an observation mirror, and belongs to the technical field of photoelectric observation. When the comprehensive testing device is used for calibrating the observation mirror, the comprehensive testing device is used for protecting the avalanche tube in the observation mirror, light rays emitted by the laser emitter enter the observation optical system after being reflected by the comprehensive testing device, and the avalanche tube is used for converting a part of light energy emitted by the observation optical system into an electric signal; the comprehensive testing device comprises an optical filter arranged at the front end of the observation mirror and used for cutting off the central wave band of laser entering the observation mirror, wherein the cut-off laser wave band is also the most sensitive part of the avalanche pipe. In the comprehensive testing device for protecting the avalanche tube in the observation mirror, provided by the invention, the filtered light wave passes through the observation optical system and is focused on the avalanche tube, so that the avalanche tube is prevented from being burnt out.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种保护观测镜内雪崩管的综合测试装置A comprehensive testing device for protecting avalanche tubes in observation mirrors

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及光电观测技术领域，特别涉及一种保护观测镜内雪崩管的综合测试装置。The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectric observation, in particular to a comprehensive testing device for protecting an avalanche tube in an observation mirror.

背景技术Background technique

目前，在周视类车长观测镜中，除了配备观察用的光学系统外，还配以测量前方目标距离的激光测距系统，激光测距系统的光轴调校多是在综合调试仪（离轴抛物镜系统）上进行的，在校正激光测距系统的光轴时，观察镜的物镜是同轴对准综合测试装置的平行光管（或抛物面反射镜），从而在激光器发射的激光中，有部分是被综合调试仪器的镜面反射回来的，调校的目的是让视场内的激光中心光斑的像与分划板中心重合，就认为激光发射器的光轴与观察光学系统的光轴平行。At present, in addition to the observation optical system, the observation mirror for the commander is equipped with a laser ranging system for measuring the distance to the target in front. Off-axis parabolic mirror system), when correcting the optical axis of the laser ranging system, the objective lens of the observation mirror is coaxially aligned with the collimator (or parabolic mirror) of the comprehensive test device, so that the laser emitted by the laser Some of them are reflected back by the mirror surface of the comprehensive debugging instrument. The purpose of the adjustment is to make the image of the laser center spot in the field of view coincide with the center of the reticle, and it is considered that the optical axis of the laser transmitter is the same as the observation optical system. The optical axes are parallel.

所述的激光测距系统中，适用了雪崩管作为激光信号接收器。在实际调校时，雪崩管经常会被激光击穿烧坏，雪崩管的价格不便宜，而且在拆卸换装雪崩管时浪费时间。In the laser ranging system, an avalanche tube is used as a laser signal receiver. In the actual adjustment, the avalanche tube is often burnt out by laser breakdown, the price of the avalanche tube is not cheap, and it is a waste of time when disassembling and replacing the avalanche tube.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的在于提供一种保护观测镜内雪崩管的综合测试装置，以解决在对激光测距系统的光轴调校时，雪崩管经常会被激光击穿烧坏的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive testing device for protecting the avalanche tube in the observation mirror, so as to solve the problem that the avalanche tube is often damaged by laser breakdown when adjusting the optical axis of the laser ranging system.

为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种保护观测镜内雪崩管的综合测试装置，在对观测镜调校时，用于保护观测镜内的雪崩管，所述观测镜包括激光发射器、雪崩管和观察光学系统，所述激光发射器发射的光线经所述综合测试装置反射后，进入所述观察光学系统，所述雪崩管用于将所述观察光学系统射出的一部分光能转换成电信号；In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a comprehensive testing device for protecting the avalanche tube in the observation mirror, which is used to protect the avalanche tube in the observation mirror when the observation mirror is adjusted, and the observation mirror includes a laser transmitter, an avalanche tube and an observation optical system, the light emitted by the laser transmitter enters the observation optical system after being reflected by the comprehensive testing device, and the avalanche tube is used to convert a part of the light energy emitted by the observation optical system into electricity Signal;

所述综合测试装置包括设置在所述观测镜前端的滤光片，用于截止进入所述观测镜的激光的中心波段。The comprehensive testing device includes a filter set at the front end of the observation mirror, which is used to cut off the central wavelength band of the laser light entering the observation mirror.

可选的，所述综合测试装置还包括离轴抛物面反射镜和改向反射镜，所述激光发射器发射的激光经所述改向反射镜反射后，射向所述离轴抛物面反射镜。Optionally, the comprehensive testing device further includes an off-axis parabolic reflector and a redirecting reflector, and the laser light emitted by the laser transmitter is reflected by the redirecting reflector, and then radiates toward the off-axis parabolic reflector.

可选的，所述综合测试装置还包括壳体，所述改向反射镜安装在所述壳体内，所述壳体的一面安装有第一保护玻璃，另一面安装有第二保护玻璃。Optionally, the comprehensive testing device further includes a housing, the redirecting mirror is installed in the housing, and a first protective glass is installed on one side of the housing, and a second protective glass is installed on the other side.

可选的，所述观察光学系统包括依次设置的物镜、立方棱镜、分划板和目镜，所述立方棱镜的一侧依次设置有透镜和所述雪崩管；Optionally, the observation optical system includes an objective lens, a cubic prism, a reticle and an eyepiece arranged in sequence, and a lens and the avalanche tube are arranged on one side of the cubic prism in sequence;

所述观察光学系统还包括物镜筒，所述物镜安装在所述物镜筒内的一端。The observation optical system further includes an objective lens barrel, and the objective lens is installed in one end of the objective lens barrel.

可选的，所述综合测试装置还包括滤光片座，铰接在所述物镜筒远离所述物镜的一端，用于安装所述滤光片。Optionally, the comprehensive testing device further includes a filter holder, hinged on the end of the objective lens barrel away from the objective lens, for installing the optical filter.

可选的，所述滤光片座上还固定设置有把手。Optionally, a handle is also fixedly arranged on the filter holder.

可选的，所述激光发射器的中心波长为1064nm，带宽为50nm；所述雪崩管的敏感响应波段为1064nm，所述滤光片的截止波段为1000-1150nm。Optionally, the center wavelength of the laser emitter is 1064 nm, and the bandwidth is 50 nm; the sensitive response band of the avalanche tube is 1064 nm, and the cutoff band of the optical filter is 1000-1150 nm.

本发明提供的一种保护观测镜内雪崩管的综合测试装置中，设置在所述观测镜前端的滤光片，用于截止进入所述观测镜之前的激光的中心波段，所被截止的激光波段也是所述雪崩管最敏感的部分，被过滤后的光波通过所述观察光学系统再聚焦到所述雪崩管上，就避免了所述雪崩管被烧坏。In a comprehensive testing device for protecting avalanche tubes in an observation mirror provided by the present invention, a filter set at the front end of the observation mirror is used to cut off the central wavelength band of the laser light before entering the observation mirror, and the cut-off laser light The wavelength band is also the most sensitive part of the avalanche tube, and the filtered light wave is focused on the avalanche tube through the observation optical system, which prevents the avalanche tube from being burned out.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明提供的一种保护观测镜内雪崩管的综合测试装置工作原理示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a comprehensive testing device for protecting avalanche tubes in an observation mirror provided by the present invention;

图2是本发明提供的一种保护观测镜内雪崩管的综合测试装置的结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a comprehensive testing device for protecting an avalanche tube in an observation mirror provided by the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明提出的一种保护观测镜内雪崩管的综合测试装置作进一步详细说明。根据下面说明和权利要求书，本发明的优点和特征将更清楚。需说明的是，附图均采用非常简化的形式且均使用非精准的比例，仅用以方便、明晰地辅助说明本发明实施例的目的。A comprehensive testing device for protecting an avalanche tube in an observation mirror proposed by the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and claims. It should be noted that, the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and in inaccurate scales, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist the purpose of explaining the embodiments of the present invention.

实施例一Example 1

本发明提供了一种保护观测镜内雪崩管的综合测试装置，其结构如图1和图2所示，在对观测镜调校时，用于保护观测镜内的雪崩管。所述观测镜包括激光发射器2、雪崩管3和观察光学系统4，所述激光发射器2的中心光轴与所述观察光学系统4的中心光轴平行。所述激光发射器2发射的光线经所述综合测试装置反射后，进入所述观察光学系统4，所述雪崩管3用于将所述观察光学系统4射出的一部分光能转换成电信号；The present invention provides a comprehensive testing device for protecting the avalanche tube in the observation mirror. The observation mirror includes alaser transmitter 2 , anavalanche tube 3 and an observationoptical system 4 . The central optical axis of thelaser transmitter 2 is parallel to the central optical axis of the observationoptical system 4 . After the light emitted by thelaser transmitter 2 is reflected by the comprehensive testing device, it enters the observationoptical system 4, and theavalanche tube 3 is used to convert a part of the light energy emitted by the observationoptical system 4 into electrical signals;

所述综合测试装置包括设置在所述观测镜前端的滤光片10，用于截止进入所述观测镜之前的激光的中心波段，所被截止的激光波段也是所述雪崩管3最敏感的部分，被过滤后的光波通过所述观察光学系统4再聚焦到所述雪崩管3上，就避免了所述雪崩管3被烧坏。The comprehensive testing device includes afilter 10 arranged at the front end of the observation mirror, which is used to cut off the central wavelength band of the laser light before entering the observation mirror, and the cut-off laser wavelength band is also the most sensitive part of theavalanche tube 3 . , the filtered light wave is focused on theavalanche tube 3 through the observationoptical system 4, so that theavalanche tube 3 is prevented from being burned out.

具体地，所述综合测试装置还包括离轴抛物面反射镜6和改向反射镜7，所述离轴抛物面反射镜6的焦点偏离所述观察光学系统4的光轴。所述激光发射器2发射的激光经所述改向反射镜7反射后，射向所述离轴抛物面反射镜6。Specifically, the comprehensive testing device further includes an off-axisparabolic mirror 6 and a redirectingmirror 7 , and the focus of the off-axisparabolic mirror 6 is deviated from the optical axis of the observationoptical system 4 . After the laser light emitted by thelaser transmitter 2 is reflected by the redirectingmirror 7 , it is emitted to the off-axisparabolic mirror 6 .

所述综合测试装置还包括壳体5，所述改向反射镜7安装在所述壳体5内，所述壳体5的一面安装有第一保护玻璃8，另一面安装有第二保护玻璃9。The comprehensive testing device further includes ahousing 5, the redirectingreflector 7 is installed in thehousing 5, a firstprotective glass 8 is installed on one side of thehousing 5, and a second protective glass is installed on the other side. 9.

所述观察光学系统4包括依次设置的物镜11、立方棱镜13、分划板15和目镜16，所述立方棱镜13的一侧依次设置有透镜14和所述雪崩管3；所述观察光学系统4还包括物镜筒12，所述物镜11安装在所述物镜筒12内的一端。The observationoptical system 4 includes anobjective lens 11, acubic prism 13, areticle 15 and aneyepiece 16 arranged in sequence, and alens 14 and theavalanche tube 3 are sequentially arranged on one side of thecubic prism 13; the observationoptical system 4 also includes anobjective lens barrel 12, and theobjective lens 11 is installed in one end of theobjective lens barrel 12.

请继续参照图2，所述综合测试装置还包括滤光片座18，铰接在所述物镜筒12远离所述物镜11的一端，用于安装所述滤光片10，使得能阻止特定波长的激光滤光片与不同口径的产品都能相连接，实现光学系统的口径大小不同的观测镜能使用同一滤光片来调校产品。作为优选，所述滤光片10紧贴所述物镜11设置，避免多余的杂散光进入，以免影响观察效果。所述滤光片座18上还固定设置有把手17，用于打开所述滤光片座18。Please continue to refer to FIG. 2 , the comprehensive testing device further includes afilter holder 18 hinged on the end of theobjective lens barrel 12 away from theobjective lens 11 for installing theoptical filter 10 so as to prevent the Laser filters can be connected to products with different apertures, so that observation mirrors with different apertures of the optical system can use the same filter to adjust the product. Preferably, theoptical filter 10 is disposed close to theobjective lens 11 to avoid the entry of excess stray light, so as not to affect the observation effect. Thefilter holder 18 is also fixedly provided with ahandle 17 for opening thefilter holder 18 .

在本实施例一中，所使用的所述激光发射器2发射的中心波长为1064nm，带宽为50nm，而与所述激光发射器2相对应的接收部件中优选的是对1064nm波段的激光信号尤其敏感的雪崩管，所以在调校过程中可选择能有效阻止激光中心波长为1064nm，并能保留550nm-850nm可见光波段通过的滤光片。在本实施例一中，优选一种阻止波长为1000-1150nm的激光的滤光片，使用该滤光片后，所能达到雪崩管的透过率只有0.02%，从而阻碍了雪崩管的敏感响应波段，在实际使用中，使得雪崩管得到了充分的保护，节约了经济成本，避免了产品的拆卸和返修，节约了时间，并且也避免了拆卸对产品的损伤，大大提高了生产效率和产品的成品率。In the first embodiment, thelaser transmitter 2 used has a center wavelength of 1064 nm and a bandwidth of 50 nm, and the receiving component corresponding to thelaser transmitter 2 is preferably a laser signal in the 1064 nm band. Especially sensitive avalanche tube, so in the adjustment process, you can choose a filter that can effectively block the laser center wavelength of 1064nm, and can retain the visible light band of 550nm-850nm. In the first embodiment, an optical filter that blocks laser light with a wavelength of 1000-1150 nm is preferred. After using this optical filter, the transmittance of the avalanche tube can be only 0.02%, thus hindering the sensitivity of the avalanche tube. The response band, in actual use, makes the avalanche tube fully protected, saves economic costs, avoids product disassembly and repair, saves time, and also avoids damage to products from disassembly, greatly improving production efficiency and Product yield.

工作原理：working principle:

所述激光发射器2发射的平行光束G1和G2投射到所述离轴抛物面反射镜6，并被聚焦在焦平面的离轴焦点A，该焦点A聚集了激光能量，所成的实像的激光能量再通过所述离轴抛物面反射镜6反射成平行光G3和G4，穿过所述滤光片10进入所述观察光学系统4，并被所述立方棱镜13分别投射到所述雪崩管13和所述分划板15上，所述目镜16能观察到视场范围内的所有图像。由于所述滤光片10把激光的中心波段截止了，只剩下其他波段的光线YG3和YG4才能通过所述物镜11，被过滤后的光线经过所述立方棱镜13的折射和投射，其中，折射光线被所述透镜14聚焦在所述雪崩管3上，投射光线被聚焦在所述分划板15上，调校时，通过所述目镜16观测，一直调校到激光的光斑与所述分划板15的中心重合，就实现了激光光轴与观察光学系统4光轴的平行。The parallel beams G1 and G2 emitted by thelaser transmitter 2 are projected onto the off-axisparabolic mirror 6 and are focused on the off-axis focus A of the focal plane. The focus A gathers the laser energy to form a real image of laser light. The energy is then reflected into parallel lights G3 and G4 by the off-axisparabolic reflector 6 , passes through thefilter 10 and enters the observationoptical system 4 , and is projected to theavalanche tube 13 by thecubic prism 13 respectively And on thereticle 15, theeyepiece 16 can observe all images within the field of view. Since thefilter 10 cuts off the central wavelength band of the laser, only the light YG3 and YG4 of other wavelength bands can pass through theobjective lens 11, and the filtered light is refracted and projected by thecubic prism 13, wherein, The refracted light is focused on theavalanche tube 3 by thelens 14, and the projected light is focused on thereticle 15. During calibration, observe through theeyepiece 16 until the laser spot is aligned with the The centers of thereticle 15 are coincident, so that the optical axis of the laser and the optical axis of the observationoptical system 4 are parallel to each other.

在大量产品的调校实践中证明，所述滤光片10的设置有效地保护了所述雪崩管3，因为所述滤光片10把所述雪崩管3响应最敏感的激光中心波段过滤了，仅剩下包括可见光在内的其他波段能进入光路，这部分光能足以用于调校观察了。It has been proved in the calibration practice of a large number of products that the setting of theoptical filter 10 effectively protects theavalanche tube 3, because theoptical filter 10 filters the laser center wavelength band where theavalanche tube 3 responds most sensitively. , only other wavelength bands, including visible light, can enter the optical path, and this part of the light energy is sufficient for adjustment and observation.

上述描述仅是对本发明较佳实施例的描述，并非对本发明范围的任何限定，本发明领域的普通技术人员根据上述揭示内容做的任何变更、修饰，均属于权利要求书的保护范围。The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any changes and modifications made by those of ordinary skill in the field of the present invention based on the above disclosure all belong to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (7)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种保护观测镜内雪崩管的综合测试装置，所述观测镜包括激光发射器（2）、雪崩管（3）和观察光学系统（4），所述激光发射器（2）发射的光线经所述综合测试装置反射后，进入所述观察光学系统（4），所述雪崩管（3）用于将所述观察光学系统（4）射出的一部分光能转换成电信号；1. A comprehensive testing device for protecting an avalanche tube in an observation mirror, the observation mirror comprising a laser transmitter (2), an avalanche tube (3) and an observation optical system (4), the laser transmitter (2) emits After the light is reflected by the comprehensive testing device, it enters the observation optical system (4), and the avalanche tube (3) is used to convert a part of the light energy emitted by the observation optical system (4) into electrical signals;其特征在于，所述综合测试装置包括设置在所述观测镜前端的滤光片（10），用于截止进入所述观测镜之前的激光的中心波段。It is characterized in that the comprehensive testing device comprises a filter (10) arranged at the front end of the observation mirror, which is used to cut off the central wavelength band of the laser light before entering the observation mirror.2.根据权利要求1所述的一种保护观测镜内雪崩管的综合测试装置，其特征在于，所述综合测试装置还包括离轴抛物面反射镜（6）和改向反射镜（7），所述激光发射器（2）发射的激光经所述改向反射镜（7）反射后，射向所述离轴抛物面反射镜（6）。2 . The comprehensive testing device for protecting avalanche tubes in an observation mirror according to claim 1 , wherein the comprehensive testing device further comprises an off-axis parabolic mirror (6) and a redirecting mirror (7), 2 . After being reflected by the redirecting mirror (7), the laser light emitted by the laser transmitter (2) is directed to the off-axis parabolic mirror (6).3.根据权利要求2所述的一种保护观测镜内雪崩管的综合测试装置，其特征在于，所述综合测试装置还包括壳体（5），所述改向反射镜（7）安装在所述壳体（5）内，所述壳体（5）的一面安装有第一保护玻璃（8），另一面安装有第二保护玻璃（9）。3 . The comprehensive testing device for protecting avalanche tubes in an observation mirror according to claim 2 , wherein the comprehensive testing device further comprises a casing ( 5 ), and the redirecting reflector ( 7 ) is mounted on the Inside the casing (5), a first protective glass (8) is installed on one side of the casing (5), and a second protective glass (9) is installed on the other side.4.根据权利要求1所述的一种保护观测镜内雪崩管的综合测试装置，其特征在于，所述观察光学系统（4）包括依次设置的物镜（11）、立方棱镜（13）、分划板（15）和目镜（16），所述立方棱镜（13）的一侧依次设置有透镜（14）和所述雪崩管（3）；4 . The comprehensive testing device for protecting avalanche tubes in an observation mirror according to claim 1 , wherein the observation optical system ( 4 ) comprises an objective lens ( 11 ), a cubic prism ( 13 ), a dividing a scribe board (15) and an eyepiece (16), a lens (14) and the avalanche tube (3) are arranged on one side of the cubic prism (13) in sequence;所述观察光学系统（4）还包括物镜筒（12），所述物镜（11）安装在所述物镜筒（12）内的一端。The observation optical system (4) further comprises an objective lens barrel (12), and one end of the objective lens (11) is installed in the objective lens barrel (12).5.根据权利要求4所述的一种保护观测镜内雪崩管的综合测试装置，其特征在于，所述综合测试装置还包括滤光片座（18），铰接在所述物镜筒（12）远离所述物镜（11）的一端，用于安装所述滤光片（10）。5. A comprehensive testing device for protecting avalanche tubes in an observation mirror according to claim 4, characterized in that the comprehensive testing device further comprises a filter holder (18) hinged on the objective lens barrel (12) The end away from the objective lens (11) is used to install the optical filter (10).6.根据权利要求5所述的一种保护观测镜内雪崩管的综合测试装置，其特征在于，所述滤光片座（18）上还固定设置有把手（17）。6 . The comprehensive testing device for protecting an avalanche tube in an observation mirror according to claim 5 , wherein a handle ( 17 ) is also fixedly arranged on the filter holder ( 18 ). 7 .7.根据权利要求1所述的一种保护观测镜内雪崩管的综合测试装置，其特征在于，所述激光发射器（2）的中心波长为1064nm，带宽为50nm；所述雪崩管（3）的敏感响应波段为1064nm，所述滤光片（10）的截止波段为1000-1150nm。7 . The comprehensive testing device for protecting the avalanche tube in the observation mirror according to claim 1 , wherein the laser transmitter ( 2 ) has a center wavelength of 1064 nm and a bandwidth of 50 nm; the avalanche tube ( 3 ) ) of the sensitive response band is 1064nm, and the cut-off band of the filter (10) is 1000-1150nm.

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