CN111329510A

Movatterモバイル変換

Info

Publication number: CN111329510A
Application number: CN202010183839.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄国英; 胡晓静
Original assignee: Childrens Hospital of Fudan University
Current assignee: Childrens Hospital of Fudan University
Priority date: 2019-04-15
Filing date: 2020-03-16
Publication date: 2020-06-26

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及心脏检测技术领域，具体为一种无线心脏杂音检测系统及方法，包括拾音胸件、无线充电器本体和手环，所述拾音胸件为圆盘形结构，在所述拾音胸件的表面设有第一显示屏，所述拾音胸件上并位于第一显示屏下方设有电源按钮和调节旋钮，所述拾音胸件的底面中心位置设有贴片，所述贴片内设有光电传感器，所述拾音胸件的底面且靠近边缘处设有多个第一吸盘，本发明通过小巧的贴片式设计，省去了传统听诊器的入耳式接头和导联线，使装置更加小巧便捷，并通过吸盘加固对拾音胸件的固定，使其使用更加方便。本发明通过配套的手环，通过无线传输的方式与拾音胸件实现实时交互，能够将患者的心脏心率信号和心脏杂音信号实时显示在手环上，便于观测和记录。

The invention relates to the technical field of heart detection, in particular to a wireless heart murmur detection system and method, comprising a pickup chest piece, a wireless charger body and a wristband. The surface of the audio chest piece is provided with a first display screen, a power button and an adjustment knob are arranged on the audio chest piece and below the first display screen, and a patch is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the audio chest piece, so the The patch is provided with a photoelectric sensor, and the bottom surface of the pickup chest piece is provided with a plurality of first suction cups near the edge. The present invention saves the in-ear connector and guide of the traditional stethoscope through the compact patch design. The connection makes the device more compact and convenient, and the fixing of the pickup chest piece is reinforced by the suction cup, making it more convenient to use. The present invention realizes real-time interaction with the pickup chest piece through wireless transmission through the matching wristband, and can display the patient's heart rate signal and heart murmur signal on the wristband in real time, which is convenient for observation and recording.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种无线心脏杂音检测系统及方法A wireless heart murmur detection system and method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及心脏检测技术领域，具体为一种无线心脏杂音检测系统及方法。The invention relates to the technical field of cardiac detection, in particular to a wireless cardiac murmur detection system and method.

背景技术Background technique

目前的心脏杂音仍然靠听诊器进行人工听诊，其导联线不好收纳，与听诊头暴露在外容易损坏，并且听诊不能够实现实时监测，鉴于此，我们提出一种无线心脏杂音检测系统及方法。At present, the heart murmur is still manually auscultated by a stethoscope. The lead wire is not easy to store, and the auscultation head is exposed and easily damaged, and auscultation cannot realize real-time monitoring. In view of this, we propose a wireless heart murmur detection system and method.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的在于提供一种无线心脏杂音检测系统及方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wireless heart murmur detection system and method to solve the above-mentioned problems in the background art.

为实现上述目的，一方面，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种无线心脏杂音检测系统，包括拾音胸件、无线充电器本体、手环和设置于拾音胸件内集成电路板上的低通放大器、比较器、单片机和数码显示电路，所述拾音胸件为圆盘形结构，在所述拾音胸件的表面设有第一显示屏，所述拾音胸件上并位于第一显示屏下方设有电源按钮和调节旋钮，所述拾音胸件的底面中心位置设有贴片，所述贴片内设有光电传感器，所述拾音胸件的底面且靠近边缘处设有多个第一吸盘。In order to achieve the above purpose, on the one hand, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a wireless heart murmur detection system, comprising a sound pickup chest piece, a wireless charger body, a wristband, and a low-frequency device arranged on an integrated circuit board in the sound pickup chest piece. Amplifier, comparator, single-chip microcomputer and digital display circuit are connected, the pickup chest piece is a disc-shaped structure, a first display screen is provided on the surface of the pickup chest piece, and the pickup chest piece is located on the first display screen. A power button and an adjustment knob are arranged below the display screen, a patch is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the pickup chest piece, and a photoelectric sensor is arranged in the patch, and a bottom surface of the pickup chest piece is arranged near the edge. There are multiple first suction cups.

作为优选，所述无线充电器本体的底部设有底座，所述无线充电器本体的顶部设有指示灯，在所述无线充电器本体的端部连接有电源线，且所述电源线的末端设有电源插头。Preferably, the bottom of the wireless charger body is provided with a base, the top of the wireless charger body is provided with an indicator light, a power cord is connected to the end of the wireless charger body, and the end of the power cord is Features a power plug.

作为优选，所述底座的底部四角处均设有第二吸盘，所述第二吸盘的顶端设有插柱，所述插柱的顶端连接有弹簧，所述无线充电器本体的底面与所述插柱对应的位置开设有插孔，所述插柱插接于所述插孔内并与插孔滑动连接，在底座的底面中心处设有挂扣，所述挂扣的末端开有条形槽。Preferably, the bottom four corners of the base are provided with second suction cups, the top of the second suction cup is provided with a plug, the top of the plug is connected with a spring, and the bottom surface of the wireless charger body is connected to the A socket is provided at the corresponding position of the post, the post is inserted into the socket and is slidably connected with the socket, and a hanging buckle is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the base, and the end of the hanging buckle is formed with a strip. groove.

作为优选，所述手环的表面设有第二显示屏，所述手环的底部设有橡胶带，且所述橡胶带的两端连接于所述手环的两端，所述手环的侧壁上设有旋钮。Preferably, the surface of the wristband is provided with a second display screen, the bottom of the wristband is provided with a rubber band, and the two ends of the rubber band are connected to the two ends of the wristband, and the There are knobs on the side walls.

作为优选，所述光电传感器的输出端与所述低通放大器电性连接，所述低通放大器与所述比较器电性连接，所述比较器与所述单片机的I/O接口电性连接，所述单片机的I/O接口与所述数码显示电路电性连接。Preferably, the output end of the photoelectric sensor is electrically connected to the low-pass amplifier, the low-pass amplifier is electrically connected to the comparator, and the comparator is electrically connected to the I/O interface of the microcontroller , the I/O interface of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the digital display circuit.

作为优选，还包括设置于无线充电器本体内的无线发射系统和设置于拾音胸件内的无线接收系统，所述无线发射系统包括供电模块、方波发生电路、驱动电路、高频逆变电路和发射线圈，所述无线接收系统包括整流滤波电路、转换电路、监控模块、充电电池和接收线圈，所述供电模块与所述方波发生电路均与驱动电路电性连接，所述驱动电路与所述高频逆变电路电性连接，所述高频逆变电路在所述发射线圈上产生高频交流电，突变电流产生变化的磁场发射给所述接收线圈，所述接收线圈接收到的磁场经过耦合给整流滤波电路，所述整流滤波电路与所述转换电路电性连接，所述转换电路与所述监控模块电性连接，所述监控模块与所述充电电池电性连接。Preferably, it also includes a wireless transmitting system disposed in the wireless charger body and a wireless receiving system disposed in the pickup chest piece, the wireless transmitting system including a power supply module, a square wave generating circuit, a driving circuit, a high-frequency inverter a circuit and a transmitting coil, the wireless receiving system includes a rectification filter circuit, a conversion circuit, a monitoring module, a rechargeable battery and a receiving coil, the power supply module and the square wave generating circuit are both electrically connected to a drive circuit, and the drive circuit It is electrically connected with the high-frequency inverter circuit, the high-frequency inverter circuit generates high-frequency alternating current on the transmitting coil, and the changing magnetic field generated by the sudden current is transmitted to the receiving coil, and the received coil receives the high-frequency alternating current. The magnetic field is coupled to a rectifier filter circuit, the rectifier filter circuit is electrically connected to the conversion circuit, the conversion circuit is electrically connected to the monitoring module, and the monitoring module is electrically connected to the rechargeable battery.

作为优选，还包括设置于拾音胸件内的第一MCU控制器、第一以太网控制器、第一以太网连接器以及设置于手环内的第二MCU控制器、第二以太网控制器和第二以太网连接器，所述第一MCU控制器与所述第一以太网控制器电性连接，所述第一以太网控制器与所述第一以太网连接器电性连接，所述第二MCU控制器与所述第二以太网控制器电性连接，第二MCU控制器与所述第二以太网连接器电性连接，所述第一以太网连接器与所述第二以太网连接器均匀PC机信号连接。Preferably, it also includes a first MCU controller, a first Ethernet controller, a first Ethernet connector and a second MCU controller and a second Ethernet controller arranged in the wristband. and a second Ethernet connector, the first MCU controller is electrically connected to the first Ethernet controller, and the first Ethernet controller is electrically connected to the first Ethernet connector, The second MCU controller is electrically connected to the second Ethernet controller, the second MCU controller is electrically connected to the second Ethernet connector, and the first Ethernet connector is electrically connected to the second Ethernet connector. Two Ethernet connectors evenly connect PC signals.

其次，本发明还提供如下技术方案，一种无线心脏杂音检测方法，包括如下步骤：Secondly, the present invention also provides the following technical solutions, a wireless heart murmur detection method, comprising the following steps:

步骤一：通过光电传感器检测患者的心率信号，经放大、比较后传给单片机，单片机对信号进行处理，并将患者的杂音信号显示在第一显示屏上；Step 1: The heart rate signal of the patient is detected by the photoelectric sensor, and after amplification and comparison, it is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer, and the single-chip computer processes the signal, and displays the patient's noise signal on the first display screen;

步骤二：同时第一MCU控制器将信号传递给第一以太网控制器，经过第一以太网控制器将信号转化为无线信号并由第一以太网连接器发送给PC机，经PC机中转将数据传递给患者手环内的第二以太网连接器，第二以太网连接器再将信号传递给第二以太网控制器，第二以太网控制器将数据再次转化为电信号并传递给第二MCU控制器，经由第二MCU控制器处理后显示在第二显示屏上；Step 2: At the same time, the first MCU controller transmits the signal to the first Ethernet controller, and the first Ethernet controller converts the signal into a wireless signal, which is sent to the PC by the first Ethernet connector, and is relayed by the PC. The data is transmitted to the second Ethernet connector in the patient wristband, the second Ethernet connector transmits the signal to the second Ethernet controller, and the second Ethernet controller converts the data into electrical signals and transmits them to the second Ethernet controller. The second MCU controller is displayed on the second display screen after being processed by the second MCU controller;

步骤三：当拾音胸件在无线充电器本体的充电范围内时，供电模块由22V交流电源直接提供，经过高频逆变之后在发射线圈产生高频交流电，交变电流产生变化的磁场发射出去,接收线圈通过电磁感应耦合接收到发射线圈发射的能量,经过整流变换之后给充电电池充电。Step 3: When the pickup chest piece is within the charging range of the wireless charger body, the power supply module is directly provided by the 22V AC power supply. After high-frequency inverter, high-frequency AC power is generated in the transmitting coil, and the alternating current produces a changing magnetic field emission. After going out, the receiving coil receives the energy emitted by the transmitting coil through electromagnetic induction coupling, and charges the rechargeable battery after rectification and transformation.

与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1、本发明通过小巧的贴片式设计，省去了传统听诊器的入耳式接头和导联线，使装置更加小巧便捷，并通过吸盘加固对拾音胸件的固定，使其使用更加方便。1. The present invention eliminates the in-ear joints and lead wires of traditional stethoscopes through a compact patch design, making the device more compact and convenient, and reinforces the fixation of the pickup chest piece through suction cups, making it more convenient to use.

2、本发明通过配套的手环，通过无线传输的方式与拾音胸件实现实时交互，能够将患者的心脏心率信号和心脏杂音信号实时显示在手环上，便于观测和记录。2. The present invention realizes real-time interaction with the pickup chest piece through wireless transmission through the matching wristband, and can display the patient's heart rate signal and heart murmur signal on the wristband in real time, which is convenient for observation and recording.

3、本发明通过无线充电的方式只需要将仪器本体接近无线充电器即可完成自动充电，进一步提高了使用的便捷性和通用性。3. The present invention only needs to bring the instrument body close to the wireless charger to complete automatic charging by means of wireless charging, which further improves the convenience and versatility of use.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明拾音胸件的整体结构示意图之一；Fig. 1 is one of the schematic diagrams of the overall structure of the pickup chest piece of the present invention;

图2为本发明拾音胸件的整体结构示意图之二；Fig. 2 is the second schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pickup chest piece of the present invention;

图3为本发明拾音胸件的整体结构示意图之三；Figure 3 is the third schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pickup chest piece of the present invention;

图4为本发明拾音胸件的整体结构示意图之四；4 is the fourth schematic diagram of the overall structure of the pickup chest piece of the present invention;

图5为本发明无线充电器的整体结构示意图之一；5 is one of the schematic diagrams of the overall structure of the wireless charger of the present invention;

图6为本发明无线充电器的整体结构示意图之二；FIG. 6 is the second schematic diagram of the overall structure of the wireless charger of the present invention;

图7为本发明无线充电器的整体爆炸图；7 is an overall exploded view of the wireless charger of the present invention;

图8为本发明手环的结构示意图；8 is a schematic structural diagram of the bracelet of the present invention;

图9为本发明心率检测的结构框图；9 is a structural block diagram of heart rate detection according to the present invention;

图10为本发明中光电传感器的取样电路电路图；10 is a circuit diagram of a sampling circuit of a photoelectric sensor in the present invention;

图11为本发明中低通放大器的引脚图；Fig. 11 is the pin diagram of the low-pass amplifier in the present invention;

图12为本发明中低通放大器的电路图；12 is a circuit diagram of a low-pass amplifier in the present invention;

图13为本发明中单片机的电路图；13 is a circuit diagram of a single-chip microcomputer in the present invention;

图14为本发明中数码显示电路的电路图；14 is a circuit diagram of a digital display circuit in the present invention;

图15为本发明中无线传输部分的模块图；15 is a block diagram of the wireless transmission part in the present invention;

图16为本发明中MCU控制器与以太网控制器的电路连接图；16 is a circuit connection diagram of the MCU controller and the Ethernet controller in the present invention;

图17为本发明中MCU控制器的引脚图；Fig. 17 is the pin diagram of MCU controller among the present invention;

图18为本发明中以太网控制器的引脚图；Fig. 18 is the pin diagram of the Ethernet controller in the present invention;

图19为本发明中以太网控制器与以太网连接器的电路连接图；19 is a circuit connection diagram of an Ethernet controller and an Ethernet connector in the present invention;

图20为本发明中高频逆变电路的取样电路电路图；20 is a circuit diagram of a sampling circuit of a high-frequency inverter circuit of the present invention;

图21为本发明中驱动电路的电路图；21 is a circuit diagram of a drive circuit in the present invention;

图22为本发明中方波发生电路的电路图；22 is a circuit diagram of a square wave generating circuit in the present invention;

图23为本发明中接收线圈与整流滤波电路的电路图；23 is a circuit diagram of a receiving coil and a rectifier filter circuit in the present invention;

图24为本发明中转换电路的电路图；24 is a circuit diagram of a conversion circuit in the present invention;

图25为本发明中转换电路的电路图。FIG. 25 is a circuit diagram of a conversion circuit in the present invention.

图中：1、拾音胸件；10、第一显示屏；11、电源按钮；12、调节旋钮；13、贴片；14、第一吸盘；2、无线充电器本体；20、底座；200、插孔；21、指示灯；22、电源线；23、电源插头；24、第二吸盘；240、插柱；241、弹簧；25、挂扣；250、条形槽；3、手环；30、橡胶带；31、第二显示屏；32、旋钮。In the picture: 1. Pickup chest piece; 10. The first display screen; 11. Power button; 12. Adjustment knob; 13. Patch; 14. The first suction cup; 2. Wireless charger body; 20. Base; 200 , jack; 21, indicator light; 22, power cord; 23, power plug; 24, second suction cup; 240, post; 241, spring; 25, hook; 250, bar slot; 3, bracelet; 30. Rubber belt; 31. Second display screen; 32. Knob.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的设备或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " rear, left, right, vertical, horizontal, top, bottom, inside, outside, clockwise, counterclockwise, etc., or The positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

实施例1：Example 1:

一种无线心脏杂音检测系统，包括拾音胸件1、无线充电器本体2和手环3，拾音胸件1为圆盘形结构，在拾音胸件1的表面设有第一显示屏10，拾音胸件1上并位于第一显示屏10下方设有电源按钮11和调节旋钮12，拾音胸件1的底面中心位置设有贴片13，贴片13内设有光电传感器，拾音胸件1的底面且靠近边缘处设有多个第一吸盘14，采集心率信号时直接将拾音胸件1贴合在患者胸口部位，第一吸盘14能够吸合在皮肤上进行固定，通过贴片13内的光电传感器对患者的心率信号进行采集。A wireless heart murmur detection system, comprising a soundpickup chest piece 1, awireless charger body 2 and awristband 3, the soundpickup chest piece 1 is a disc-shaped structure, and a first display screen is provided on the surface of the soundpickup chest piece 1 10. Apower button 11 and anadjustment knob 12 are provided on thepickup chest piece 1 and below thefirst display screen 10, and apatch 13 is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of thepickup chest piece 1, and a photoelectric sensor is arranged in thepatch 13, A plurality offirst suction cups 14 are arranged on the bottom surface of thepickup chest piece 1 and near the edge. When the heart rate signal is collected, thepickup chest piece 1 is directly attached to the patient's chest, and thefirst suction cups 14 can be sucked and fixed on the skin. , and the heart rate signal of the patient is collected by the photoelectric sensor in thepatch 13 .

无线充电器本体2的底部设有底座20，无线充电器本体2的顶部设有指示灯21，在无线充电器本体2的端部连接有电源线22，且电源线22的末端设有电源插头23，通过将电源插头23插入电源中为无线充电器本体2提供充电所需电源。The bottom of thewireless charger body 2 is provided with abase 20, the top of thewireless charger body 2 is provided with anindicator light 21, the end of thewireless charger body 2 is connected with apower cord 22, and the end of thepower cord 22 is provided with apower plug 23. Provide thewireless charger body 2 with the power required for charging by inserting thepower plug 23 into the power source.

无线底座20的底部四角处均设有第二吸盘24，第二吸盘24的顶端设有插柱240，插柱240的顶端连接有弹簧241，无线充电器本体2的底面与插柱240对应的位置开设有插孔200，插柱240插接于插孔200内并与插孔200滑动连接，在底座20的底面中心处设有挂扣25，挂扣25的末端开有条形槽250，弹簧241的顶端通过胶水粘接于插孔200的内端面，通过第二吸盘24可将无线充电器本体2固定在光滑的地面或是墙壁上，通过挂扣25可以将无线充电器本体2挂在床上的护栏等位置，并且挂扣25上开有条形槽250，可以先在墙上钉上钉子，再通过条形槽250挂在钉子上，多种固定的方式可以实现无线充电器本体2的普适性，提高了使用的方便性。The bottom four corners of thewireless base 20 are provided withsecond suction cups 24, the top of thesecond suction cup 24 is provided with aplug 240, the top of theplug 240 is connected with aspring 241, and the bottom surface of thewireless charger body 2 corresponds to theplug 240. Asocket 200 is provided at the position, and apost 240 is inserted into thesocket 200 and is slidably connected with thesocket 200. A hangingbuckle 25 is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of thebase 20, and astrip groove 250 is opened at the end of the hangingbuckle 25. The top of thespring 241 is glued to the inner end face of thejack 200 through glue, thewireless charger body 2 can be fixed on a smooth ground or a wall through thesecond suction cup 24, and thewireless charger body 2 can be hung through thehook 25 On the guardrail on the bed and other positions, and thehook 25 is provided with astrip slot 250, a nail can be nailed to the wall first, and then hung on the nail through thestrip slot 250. Various fixing methods can be used to realize the wireless charger body. The universality of 2 improves the convenience of use.

手环3的表面设有第二显示屏31，手环3的底部设有橡胶带30，且橡胶带30的两端连接于手环3的两端，手环3的侧壁上设有旋钮32，通过橡胶带30将手环3佩戴在患者的手腕上，实现与拾音胸件1的实时交互。The surface of thewristband 3 is provided with asecond display screen 31, the bottom of thewristband 3 is provided with arubber band 30, and both ends of therubber band 30 are connected to both ends of thewristband 3, and a knob is arranged on the side wall of thewristband 3 32. Wear thewristband 3 on the patient's wrist through therubber band 30 to realize real-time interaction with thepickup chest piece 1 .

实施例2：Example 2:

作为本发明的第二种实施例，本发明还包括设置于件1内集成电路板上的低通放大器、比较器、单片机和数码显示电路，光电传感器的输出端与低通放大器电性连接，低通放大器与比较器54电性连接，比较器与单片机的I/O接口电性连接，单片机的I/O接口与数码显示电路电性连接。As the second embodiment of the present invention, the present invention also includes a low-pass amplifier, a comparator, a single-chip microcomputer and a digital display circuit arranged on the integrated circuit board in thedevice 1, and the output end of the photoelectric sensor is electrically connected to the low-pass amplifier, The low-pass amplifier is electrically connected with thecomparator 54, the comparator is electrically connected with the I/O interface of the single-chip microcomputer, and the I/O interface of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the digital display circuit.

具体的，本实施例采用单片机AT89C51为控制核心，实现心率监测系统的基本测量功能。该系统的硬件框图如图9所示：具体为，当贴片13贴合于患者的胸口部位时，随着心脏的跳动，血管中血液的流量将发生变换。由于在光电传感器的光传递路径中，血管中血液饱和度的变化会引起光的强度发生变化，因此和心跳的节拍相对应，红外接收三极管的电流也跟着改变，这就使红外接收三极管输出脉冲信号。该信号经放大、滤波、整形后输出，输出的脉冲信号作为单片机外部中断信号。单片机电路对输入的脉冲信号进行计算处理之后把结果送到数码管显示。Specifically, in this embodiment, the single chip AT89C51 is used as the control core to realize the basic measurement function of the heart rate monitoring system. The hardware block diagram of the system is shown in FIG. 9 : specifically, when thepatch 13 is attached to the patient's chest, with the beating of the heart, the flow of blood in the blood vessel will change. In the light transmission path of the photoelectric sensor, the change of blood saturation in the blood vessel will cause the light intensity to change, so corresponding to the beat of the heartbeat, the current of the infrared receiving triode also changes, which makes the infrared receiving triode output pulses Signal. The signal is output after being amplified, filtered and shaped, and the output pulse signal is used as the external interrupt signal of the single-chip microcomputer. The single chip circuit calculates and processes the input pulse signal, and then sends the result to the digital tube for display.

具体的，本实施例中的光电传感器由红外发光二级管和接收三极管组成。采用GaAs红外发光二极管作为光源时，可基本抑制由呼吸运动造成的心率波曲线的漂移。红外接收三极管在红外光照射下能产生电能，它的特性是将光信号转换为电信号。在本实施例中，红外接收三极管和红外发射二极管相对摆放以获得最佳的指向特性，从光源发出的光除了被人体组织吸收以外，一部分由血液漫反射返回，其余部分透射出来。光电传感器按照光的接收方式可分为透射式和反射式两种。其中透射式的发射光源与光敏接收器件的距离相等并且对称布置，这种方法可较好地反映出心律的时间关系。因此本发明采用了透射型光电传感器,实现了光电隔离,减少了对后级模拟电路的干扰。Specifically, the photoelectric sensor in this embodiment is composed of an infrared light-emitting diode and a receiving transistor. When the GaAs infrared light emitting diode is used as the light source, the drift of the heart rate wave curve caused by the breathing motion can be basically suppressed. The infrared receiving triode can generate electric energy under the irradiation of infrared light, and its characteristic is to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal. In this embodiment, the infrared receiving triode and the infrared emitting diode are placed opposite to each other to obtain the best directivity. In addition to being absorbed by human tissue, part of the light emitted from the light source is diffusely reflected by blood, and the rest is transmitted. Photoelectric sensors can be divided into two types: transmission type and reflection type according to the way of receiving light. The distance between the transmissive emitting light source and the photosensitive receiving device is equal and symmetrically arranged, and this method can better reflect the time relationship of the heart rhythm. Therefore, the present invention adopts a transmission type photoelectric sensor, realizes photoelectric isolation, and reduces the interference to the analog circuit of the subsequent stage.

光电传感器的心率信号取样电路如图10所示，U4是红外发射和接收装置，由于红外发射二极管中的电流越大，发射角度越小，产生的发射强度就越大，所以对R17阻值的选取要求较高。R17选择270Ω同时也是基于红外接收三极管感应红外光灵敏度考虑的。R17过大，通过红外发射二极管的电流偏小，红外接收三极管无法区别有心跳和无心跳时的信号。反之，R17过小，通过的电流偏大，红外接收三极管也不能准确地辨别有心跳和无心跳时的信号，通过检测人体来采取脉搏信号，从而得到心率信号。当离开传感器或检测到较强的干扰光线时，输入端的直流电压会出现很大变化，为了使它不致泄露到U3A输入端而造成错误指示，用C8、C10串联组成的双极性耦合电容把它隔断。The heart rate signal sampling circuit of the photoelectric sensor is shown in Figure 10. U4 is an infrared transmitting and receiving device. Since the current in the infrared transmitting diode is larger, the emission angle is smaller, and the emission intensity is larger. The selection requirements are higher. The choice of 270Ω for R17 is also based on the sensitivity of the infrared receiving triode to sense infrared light. If R17 is too large, the current passing through the infrared emitting diode is too small, and the infrared receiving triode cannot distinguish the signal when there is a heartbeat and when there is no heartbeat. On the contrary, if R17 is too small, the current passing through is too large, and the infrared receiving triode cannot accurately distinguish the signal when there is a heartbeat and when there is no heartbeat. When it leaves the sensor or detects strong interfering light, the DC voltage of the input terminal will change greatly. In order to prevent it from leaking to the U3A input terminal and causing false indications, use a bipolar coupling capacitor composed of C8 and C10 in series to connect It cuts off.

低通放大器采用LM324四运放集成电路，如图11所示，它采用14脚双列直插塑料封装，它的内部包含四组形式完全相同的运算放大器，除电源共用外，四组运放相互独立，它有5个引出脚，其中“+”、“-”为两个信号输入端，“V+”、“V-”为正、负电源端，“Vo”为输出端。两个信号输入端中，Vi-(-)为反相输入端，表示运放输出端Vo的信号与该输入端的相位相反；Vi+(+)为同相输入端，表示运放输出端Vo的信号与该输入端的相位相同，由于通过光电传感器接收到的信号极其微弱，容易被其外围电路所干扰，因此系统必须为信号处理电路提供电源。检测到的信号经过LM324放大器放大后仍存在较大的偏置电压，因此必须在信号输入端加滤波电容，将电路中的直流成份滤掉并保证不影响交流信号的传递。该系统按人体心率在运动后跳动次数达200次/分钟的计算来设计低通放大器，如图12所示。R24、C6组成低通滤波器以进一步滤除残留的干扰，截止频率由R24、C6决定，运放U3A将信号放大，放大倍数由R22和R24的比值决定。经过低通放大后输出的信号是叠加有噪声的脉动正弦波。根据一阶有源滤波电路的传递函数，可得：The low-pass amplifier adopts the LM324 four-op-amp integrated circuit, as shown in Figure 11. It adopts a 14-pin dual-in-line plastic package. It contains four groups of operational amplifiers with the same form. Except for the power supply, four groups of operational amplifiers Independent of each other, it has 5 pins, of which "+" and "-" are two signal input terminals, "V+" and "V-" are positive and negative power supply terminals, and "Vo" is the output terminal. Among the two signal input terminals, Vi-(-) is the inverting input terminal, which means that the signal at the output terminal Vo of the op amp is opposite to the phase of the input terminal; Vi+(+) is the non-inverting input terminal, which means the signal at the output terminal Vo of the op amp. With the same phase as the input, because the signal received by the photoelectric sensor is extremely weak and easily disturbed by its peripheral circuits, the system must provide power for the signal processing circuit. After the detected signal is amplified by the LM324 amplifier, there is still a large bias voltage. Therefore, a filter capacitor must be added to the signal input end to filter out the DC component in the circuit and ensure that it does not affect the transmission of the AC signal. The system designs a low-pass amplifier based on the calculation that the human heart rate beats 200 times per minute after exercise, as shown in Figure 12. R24 and C6 form a low-pass filter to further filter out residual interference. The cut-off frequency is determined by R24 and C6. The operational amplifier U3A amplifies the signal, and the amplification factor is determined by the ratio of R22 and R24. The output signal after low-pass amplification is a pulsating sine wave superimposed with noise. According to the transfer function of the first-order active filter circuit, we can get:

放大倍数为：The magnification is:

截止频率为：The cutoff frequency is:

按人体心率跳动为200次/分钟时的频率是3.3Hz考虑，低频特性是令人满意的。经过低通放大后输出的信号是叠加有噪声的脉动正弦波。Considering that the human heart rate is 3.3Hz when the heart rate is 200 beats/min, the low frequency characteristic is satisfactory. The output signal after low-pass amplification is a pulsating sine wave superimposed with noise.

其次，单片机采用AT89C51单片机最小系统作为信号的处理电路，如图13所示，来自取样和整形输出电路的脉冲电平输入单片机AT89C51的/INTO脚，单片机设为负跳变中断触发模式，每次脉冲下降沿到达时触发单片机55产生中断并进行计时，来一个脉冲心跳次数就加一；定时器中断主要完成一分钟的定时功能。Secondly, the single-chip microcomputer adopts the minimum system of AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer as the signal processing circuit. As shown in Figure 13, the pulse level from the sampling and shaping output circuit is input to the /INTO pin of the single-chip microcomputer AT89C51. The single-chip microcomputer is set to the negative transition interrupt trigger mode. When the falling edge of the pulse arrives, the single-chip microcomputer 55 is triggered to generate an interrupt and time it, and the number of heartbeats of a pulse is increased by one; the timer interrupt mainly completes the one-minute timing function.

进一步地，数码显示电路采用LED数码管动态扫描来显示数据。两个4位的共阳极LED数码管组成8位显示，其中0、1两位显示测量中的时间，3、4两位显示测量中的心跳次数，6、7两位用来显示上次测量的数据，如图14所示。单片机P0口控制显示字型，P2口控制显示字位。Further, the digital display circuit adopts the dynamic scanning of the LED digital tube to display the data. Two 4-digit common anode LED nixie tubes form an 8-digit display, of which the twodigits 0 and 1 show the time during measurement, thedigits 3 and 4 show the number of heartbeats during measurement, and thedigits 6 and 7 are used to display the last measurement. data, as shown in Figure 14. The P0 port of the single-chip microcomputer controls the display font, and the P2 port controls the display word position.

为了充电的方便，如图20所示，无线心脏杂音检测系统还包括设置于无线充电器本体2内的无线发射系统和设置于拾音胸件1内的无线接收系统，无线发射系统包括供电模块、方波发生电路、驱动电路、高频逆变电路和发射线圈，无线接收系统包括整流滤波电路、转换电路、监控模块、充电电池和接收线圈，供电模块与方波发生电路均与驱动电路电性连接，驱动电路与高频逆变电路电性连接，高频逆变电路在发射线圈上产生高频交流电，突变电流产生变化的磁场发射给接收线圈，接收线圈接收到的磁场经过耦合给整流滤波电路，整流滤波电路与转换电路电性连接，转换电路与监控模块电性连接，监控模块与充电电池电性连接。For the convenience of charging, as shown in FIG. 20 , the wireless heart murmur detection system also includes a wireless transmitting system disposed in thewireless charger body 2 and a wireless receiving system disposed in thepickup chest piece 1 , and the wireless transmitting system includes a power supply module , Square wave generating circuit, driving circuit, high frequency inverter circuit and transmitting coil, the wireless receiving system includes rectification filter circuit, conversion circuit, monitoring module, rechargeable battery and receiving coil, the power supply module and square wave generating circuit are both electrically connected with the driving circuit. The drive circuit is electrically connected to the high-frequency inverter circuit. The high-frequency inverter circuit generates high-frequency alternating current on the transmitting coil, and the magnetic field changed by the mutation current is transmitted to the receiving coil. The magnetic field received by the receiving coil is coupled to the rectifier. The filter circuit, the rectification filter circuit and the conversion circuit are electrically connected, the conversion circuit is electrically connected with the monitoring module, and the monitoring module is electrically connected with the rechargeable battery.

具体的，监控模块以AT89C51单片机为核心，以LCD12864为人机交互界面的基础,实现了电池充电状态的可视化、图形化。Specifically, the monitoring module takes AT89C51 microcontroller as the core and LCD12864 as the basis of human-computer interaction interface, which realizes the visualization and graphics of battery charging status.

供电模块由22V交流电源提供，经过高频逆变之后在发射线圈产生高频交流电。交变电流产生变化的磁场发射出去,接收线圈通过电磁感应耦合接收到发射线圈发射的能量,经过整流变换之后给充电电池充电。The power supply module is provided by 22V AC power supply, and after high-frequency inverter, high-frequency AC power is generated in the transmitting coil. The changing magnetic field generated by the alternating current is emitted, and the receiving coil receives the energy emitted by the transmitting coil through electromagnetic induction coupling, and charges the rechargeable battery after rectification and transformation.

进一步地，高频逆变电路是以发射电路的核心,为LC谐振发射电路提供谐振所需的交变电流。高频逆变的主要功能是将供电模块80提供的12V直流电,变成交流电。本发明人采用MOS管组成的全桥逆变结构,电路如图21所示，4个MOS开关管组成此全桥电路。当MOS管Q1和04导通时,Q2和Q3截至,电流由MOS管Q1经LC电路到MOS管Q4。当MOS管Q2和Q3导通时,MOS管Q1和Q4同时截至,电流经由MOS管Q3、LC到MoS管Q2。如此循环，将直流电逆变为交流电,供给LC电路发射，在MOS管的选择上，经过比较和筛选以及考虑成本的因素，最终选定了IR公司设计生产的一款低阻抗，快速开关管IRF3205作为全桥的开关器件，其主要性能如下：①导通电阻：8mQ；②工作温度范围：-55℃～175℃；③极快的开关速度，开延时14nS,上升时间101nS,关延时50nS,'下降时间65nS。当高频逆变电路中的高端桥臂导通时(Q或Q3桥臂),由于负载的存在,源极的电位将被抬升与栅极相同,就会导致高端桥臂不能持续导通，所以需要加入驱动电路。本实施例中采用IR公司生产的R2110芯片来驱动开关管，同时IR2110芯片还同时具备隔离芯片的功能，IR2110是一种双通道、栅极驱动、器件的单片式集成驱动模块，每个IR2110能同时驱动2个开关管，在芯片中采用了高度集成的电平转换技术，大大简化了逻辑电路对功率器件的要求,同时提高了驱动电路的可靠性。驱动电路如图22所示，选用2个R2110即可驱动高频逆变电路中的4个开关管，其中IR2110的SD管脚，是IR2110的使能管脚，可以方便控制发射电路的开关。Further, the high-frequency inverter circuit is the core of the transmitting circuit, and provides the alternating current required for resonance for the LC resonant transmitting circuit. The main function of the high frequency inverter is to convert the 12V direct current provided by thepower supply module 80 into alternating current. The inventor adopts a full-bridge inverter structure composed of MOS transistors. The circuit is shown in FIG. 21 , and four MOS switch transistors form the full-bridge circuit. When the MOS transistors Q1 and 04 are turned on, Q2 and Q3 are turned off, and the current flows from the MOS transistor Q1 to the MOS transistor Q4 through the LC circuit. When the MOS transistors Q2 and Q3 are turned on, the MOS transistors Q1 and Q4 are turned off at the same time, and the current passes through the MOS transistors Q3 and LC to the MoS transistor Q2. In this cycle, the direct current is converted into alternating current and supplied to the LC circuit for emission. In the selection of MOS tubes, after comparison and screening and considering cost factors, a low impedance, fast switching tube IRF3205 designed and produced by IR company was finally selected. As a full-bridge switching device, its main performance is as follows: ①On-resistance: 8mQ; ②Operating temperature range: -55℃～175℃; 'Fall time 65nS. When the high-end bridge arm in the high-frequency inverter circuit is turned on (Q or Q3 bridge arm), due to the existence of the load, the potential of the source will be raised to be the same as the gate, which will cause the high-end bridge arm to not be continuously turned on. Therefore, a driver circuit needs to be added. In this embodiment, the R2110 chip produced by IR company is used to drive the switch tube, and the IR2110 chip also has the function of an isolation chip. It can drive two switches at the same time, and the highly integrated level conversion technology is adopted in the chip, which greatly simplifies the requirements of the logic circuit for power devices and improves the reliability of the drive circuit. The drive circuit is shown in Figure 22. Two R2110s can be used to drive the four switches in the high-frequency inverter circuit. The SD pin of the IR2110 is the enable pin of the IR2110, which can easily control the switch of the transmitter circuit.

驱动电路中的IR2110芯片需要PWM波,为了整个充电模块的调试方便,需要设计-一个占空比和频率可调的方波发生电路。本实施例的方波发生电路采用555芯片，可以通过调节滑动变阻器来控制方波的占空比和频率。NE555芯片构成的方波发生电路，如图23所示。RA为R2的左端导通电阻,RB为R2的右端导通时的阻值，电路上电时,电源通过R、RA支路给电容C1充电,此时3脚输出高电平,当C1的电位充至2/3Vcc时,555内部比较器使RS触发器输出低电平，通过与非门打开放电回路,电容放电,此时输出低电平,当电容电位放到1/3Vcc时,比较器使RS触发器输出高电平,放电回路关闭,电容充电,输出高电平，单个周期内，电路的充电时间tr；＝0.7(R1+RA)C1,放电时间tf＝0.7(R3+RB)C1,输出的方波频率为：f＝1/(0.7R_1+R_A+R_B+R_3C_1)＝1/(0.7R_1+R_2+R_3C_1)，The IR2110 chip in the drive circuit needs PWM wave. In order to facilitate the debugging of the whole charging module, a square wave generating circuit with adjustable duty cycle and frequency needs to be designed. The square wave generating circuit of this embodiment adopts a 555 chip, and the duty cycle and frequency of the square wave can be controlled by adjusting the sliding rheostat. The square wave generating circuit composed of the NE555 chip is shown in Figure 23. RA is the on-resistance of the left end of R2, and RB is the resistance value of the right end of R2 when it is turned on. When the circuit is powered on, the power supply charges the capacitor C1 through the R and RA branches. At this time,pin 3 outputs a high level. When the potential is charged to 2/3Vcc, the internal comparator of 555 makes the RS flip-flop output a low level, and the discharge loop is opened through the NAND gate, the capacitor discharges, and a low level is output at this time. The device makes the RS flip-flop output high level, the discharge circuit is closed, the capacitor is charged, and the output high level, in a single cycle, the charging time tr of the circuit; = 0.7 (R1 + RA) C1, the discharge time tf = 0.7 (R3 + RB )C1, the output square wave frequency is: f=1/(0.7R_1+R_A+R_B+R_3C_1)=1/(0.7R_1+R_2+R_3C_1),

占空比为：q％＝(R_1+R_A)/(R_1+R_2+R_3)×100％。由于驱动电路需要两路反相PWM波，为了防止电源中上下桥臂MOSFET出现“直通”现象,必须遵循先关断后开通的原则。所以,输入IR2110的高低压通道的两路PWM波应适当留“死区’，即555构成的方波发生器产生的波的占空比不等于50％,而两路反相PWM波则由555产生的波通过反相器产生。The duty cycle is: q%=(R_1+R_A)/(R_1+R_2+R_3)×100%. Since the drive circuit needs two anti-phase PWM waves, in order to prevent the "pass-through" phenomenon of the upper and lower bridge arm MOSFETs in the power supply, the principle of turning off first and then turning on must be followed. Therefore, the two PWM waves input to the high and low voltage channels of IR2110 should be properly left in the "dead zone", that is, the duty cycle of the wave generated by the square wave generator composed of 555 is not equal to 50%, while the two anti-phase PWM waves are composed of The wave produced by the 555 is generated by an inverter.

由于接收端接收到的也是交流电，充电电池充电所需的是直流电,所以,接收端电路需要将交流电变换成直流电，如图24所示，完成这一任务主要靠整流滤波电路，整流电路依靠的是二极管的单向导电性。本实施例利用的是桥式整流电路,桥式整流电路的优点是输出电压高,纹波电压较小,管子所承受的最大反向电压较低。根据需要,整流二极管要求快恢复,较高的电流上限,综合考虑选择了1N5819。Since the receiving end also receives alternating current, and the rechargeable battery needs direct current to charge, the circuit at the receiving end needs to convert the alternating current into direct current, as shown in Figure 24. This task is mainly accomplished by the rectifier filter circuit, which relies on the rectifier circuit. is the unidirectional conductivity of the diode. This embodiment uses a bridge rectifier circuit, and the advantages of the bridge rectifier circuit are that the output voltage is high, the ripple voltage is small, and the maximum reverse voltage that the tube bears is low. According to the needs, the rectifier diode requires fast recovery and higher current upper limit, and 1N5819 is selected comprehensively.

系统中充电状态监控模块中的主控单元电路以美国ATMEL公司生产的低电压、高性能CMOS单片机AT89C51为核心。片内含4kbytes的可反复擦写的Flash只读程序存储器和128bytes的随机存取数据存储器(RAM),器件采用ATMEL公司的高密度、非易失性存储技术生产,兼容标准MCS--51指令系统,片内置通用8位中央处理器(CPU)和Flash存储单元,功能强大的AT89C51单片机能应用许多高性价比的场合,可灵活应用于各种控制领域。The main control unit circuit in the charging state monitoring module in the system is based on the low-voltage, high-performance CMOS microcontroller AT89C51 produced by ATMEL Company in the United States. The chip contains 4kbytes of rewritable Flash read-only program memory and 128bytes of random access data memory (RAM). The device is produced by ATMEL's high-density, non-volatile storage technology and is compatible with standard MCS--51 instructions The system has a built-in general-purpose 8-bit central processing unit (CPU) and a Flash storage unit. The powerful AT89C51 microcontroller can be used in many cost-effective occasions and can be flexibly used in various control fields.

除此之外，充电电压作为一个模拟量,需要转换电路将其转换为数字量以供单片机进行读写计算来完成控制。本设计采用的模数转换芯片为ADC0804,它是CMOS8位单通道逐次渐近型的模数转换器，电路图如图25所示，当CS、RD端为低电平时,ADC0804会将转换后的数字信号经由DB7～DB0输出至其他，处理单元。当CS、WR端皆为低电平时,ADC作清除动作，系统重装，当WR由低电平变为高电平时,ADC0804会开始转换信号。CLKIN、CLKR为频率的输入输出端,一般要求频率范围100KHz～1.28MHz。一般通过外接RC电路产生模数转换器所需的时钟信号,时钟频率为f＝1/1.1RC。In addition, as an analog quantity, the charging voltage needs a conversion circuit to convert it into a digital quantity for the microcontroller to perform read and write calculations to complete the control. The analog-to-digital conversion chip used in this design is ADC0804, which is a CMOS 8-bit single-channel successive asymptotic analog-to-digital converter. The circuit diagram is shown in Figure 25. When the CS and RD terminals are low, ADC0804 will convert the converted Digital signals are output to other processing units via DB7 to DB0. When the CS and WR terminals are both low, the ADC will perform a clearing action and the system will be reloaded. When the WR changes from low to high, ADC0804 will start converting signals. CLKIN and CLKR are the input and output terminals of the frequency, generally requiring a frequency range of 100KHz to 1.28MHz. Generally, the clock signal required by the analog-to-digital converter is generated by an external RC circuit, and the clock frequency is f=1/1.1RC.

其次，为了实现拾音胸件1和手环3的数据交互，该系统还包括设置于拾音胸件1内的第一MCU控制器、第一以太网控制器、第一以太网连接器以及设置于手环3内的第二MCU控制器、第二以太网控制器和第二以太网连接器，第一MCU控制器与第一以太网控制器电性连接，第一以太网控制器与第一以太网连接器电性连接，第二MCU控制器与第二以太网控制器电性连接，第二MCU控制器与第二以太网连接器电性连接，第一以太网连接器与第二以太网连接器均匀PC机信号连接。Secondly, in order to realize the data interaction between the audiopickup chest piece 1 and thewristband 3, the system further includes a first MCU controller, a first Ethernet controller, a first Ethernet connector and a The second MCU controller, the second Ethernet controller and the second Ethernet connector are arranged in thewristband 3. The first MCU controller is electrically connected to the first Ethernet controller, and the first Ethernet controller is electrically connected to the first Ethernet controller. The first ethernet connector is electrically connected, the second MCU controller is electrically connected to the second ethernet controller, the second MCU controller is electrically connected to the second ethernet connector, and the first ethernet connector is electrically connected to the second ethernet connector. Two Ethernet connectors evenly connect PC signals.

具体的，第一MCU控制器和第二MCU控制器采用C8051F系列微控制器，这种型号的微控制器采用独特的CIP-8051结构，使单周期指令速度提高到原来8051的12倍。C8051F系列微控制器还集成了:具有IAP的功能FLASH存储器、IO交叉开关、众多的功能模块与IO接口、低电压和低功耗、多时钟和复位系统、JTAG接口、完善的数据/程序安全和加密措施,在许多方面已超出当前8位微控制器水平。C8051F微控制器为数、模混合集成，且带SoC色彩。在C8051F系列的单片机中，C8051F12X和C8051F13X都能够到达较高的频率，而且有较大的内存和FLASH存储区，具有外部存储器接口EMIF。其引脚如图17所示。Specifically, the first MCU controller and the second MCU controller use C8051F series microcontrollers. This type of microcontroller adopts a unique CIP-8051 structure, which increases the single-cycle instruction speed to 12 times that of the original 8051. C8051F series microcontroller also integrates: FLASH memory with IAP function, IO cross switch, numerous function modules and IO interface, low voltage and low power consumption, multiple clock and reset system, JTAG interface, perfect data/program security and encryption measures, in many ways beyond the level of current 8-bit microcontrollers. The C8051F microcontroller is a mixed integration of digital and analog, with SoC color. In the C8051F series of single-chip microcomputer, C8051F12X and C8051F13X can reach higher frequency, and have larger memory and FLASH storage area, with external memory interface EMIF. Its pins are shown in Figure 17.

本实施例中第一以太网控制器和第二以太网控制器采用CP2201,其集成了IEE802.3的MAC和10BASE-T的PHY,完全兼容100/1000BASE-T网络,全/半双工,自适应，自动极性检测和纠正,碰撞自动重发，自动填充和CRC生成，支持广播和多播MAC寻址，并行主机接口(30Mbps传输速率),8位复用方式，Intel或Motorola总线支持，接收数据包中断和网络唤醒中断，8KBFLASH存储器，工厂预编程的唯--48位MAC地址，LED输出驱动器(连接/活动)，专用的2KB发送缓冲RAM和4KB接收FIFO缓冲RAM,上电复位,耐5V的I/0等特性，另外最具特色的是芯片的软件支持非常丰富，使编程难度大大降低,程序员可以把精力集中在应用程序的编写上。软件支持包括免费TCP/IP栈、TCP/IP配置向导等。In this embodiment, the first Ethernet controller and the second Ethernet controller use CP2201, which integrates the MAC of IEE802.3 and the PHY of 10BASE-T, and is fully compatible with 100/1000BASE-T network, full/half duplex, Self-adaptation, automatic polarity detection and correction, automatic collision retransmission, automatic filling and CRC generation, support for broadcast and multicast MAC addressing, parallel host interface (30Mbps transmission rate), 8-bit multiplexing, Intel or Motorola bus support , Receive Packet Interrupt and Wake-On-LAN Interrupt, 8KB FLASH Memory, Factory Pre-Programmed 48-bit MAC Address, LED Output Driver (Connect/Activity), Dedicated 2KB Transmit Buffer RAM and 4KB Receive FIFO Buffer RAM, Power-On Reset , 5V-resistant I/0 and other characteristics, and the most distinctive feature is that the chip's software support is very rich, which greatly reduces the difficulty of programming, and programmers can focus on the writing of applications. Software support includes free TCP/IP stack, TCP/IP configuration wizard, etc.

从图16中看出，微控制器使用8个引脚和以太网控制器的8根引脚相连接，得知以太网控制器采用数据线地址线复用的工作模式。It can be seen from Figure 16 that the microcontroller uses 8 pins to connect with the 8 pins of the Ethernet controller, and it is known that the Ethernet controller adopts the working mode of data line address line multiplexing.

图16中微控制器C8051F120的引脚连接得到，使用通用I/O端口P4～P7。每个端口I/O引脚都可以被配置为推挽或漏极开路输出。在标准8051中固定的“弱上拉”可以被总体禁止，这为低功耗应用提供了进一步节电的能力，C8051F120微处理器还有自身的特点，就是可编程I/O和交叉开关。尤其是交叉开关，使用C8051F120微控制器之前需要在控制器能提供的众多功能中做出选择，然后对微控制器进行设置，需要将模块引至芯片的管脚才可以使用。The pin connections of the microcontroller C8051F120 in Figure 16 are obtained using general-purpose I/O ports P4 to P7. Each port I/O pin can be configured as a push-pull or open-drain output. The "weak pull-up" fixed in the standard 8051 can be disabled as a whole, which provides further power-saving capabilities for low-power applications. The C8051F120 microprocessor also has its own characteristics, which are programmable I/O and crossbar switches. Especially for the crossbar switch, before using the C8051F120 microcontroller, you need to make a choice among the many functions that the controller can provide, and then set the microcontroller, you need to lead the module to the pins of the chip before it can be used.

以太网控制器还需要连接一个以太网连接器才可以与以太网相连传输数据，其具体连接如图19所示。The Ethernet controller also needs to be connected to an Ethernet connector before it can be connected to the Ethernet to transmit data. The specific connection is shown in Figure 19.

实施例3：Example 3:

在具体使用过程中，本发明顺带提供一种无线心脏杂音检测方法：包括如下步骤：In the specific use process, the present invention provides a wireless heart murmur detection method by the way: comprising the following steps:

步骤一：通过光电传感器检测患者的心率信号，经放大、比较后传给单片机，单片机对信号进行处理，并将患者的杂音信号显示在第一显示屏10上；Step 1: Detecting the patient's heart rate signal through the photoelectric sensor, after amplification and comparison, it is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer, the single-chip computer processes the signal, and displays the patient's noise signal on thefirst display screen 10;

步骤二：同时第一MCU控制器将信号传递给第一以太网控制器，经过第一以太网控制器将信号转化为无线信号并由第一以太网连接器发送给PC机，经PC机中转将数据传递给患者手环3内的第二以太网连接器，第二以太网连接器再将信号传递给第二以太网控制器，第二以太网控制器将数据再次转化为电信号并传递给第二MCU控制器，经由第二MCU控制器处理后显示在第二显示屏31上；Step 2: At the same time, the first MCU controller transmits the signal to the first Ethernet controller, and the first Ethernet controller converts the signal into a wireless signal, which is sent to the PC by the first Ethernet connector, and is relayed by the PC. The data is transmitted to the second Ethernet connector in thepatient bracelet 3, the second Ethernet connector transmits the signal to the second Ethernet controller, and the second Ethernet controller converts the data into electrical signals again and transmits them To the second MCU controller, processed by the second MCU controller and displayed on thesecond display screen 31;

步骤三：当拾音胸件1在无线充电器本体2的充电范围内时，供电模块由22V交流电源直接提供，经过高频逆变之后在发射线圈产生高频交流电，交变电流产生变化的磁场发射出去,接收线圈通过电磁感应耦合接收到发射线圈发射的能量,经过整流变换之后给充电电池充电。Step 3: When thepickup chest piece 1 is within the charging range of thewireless charger body 2, the power supply module is directly provided by the 22V AC power supply, and after high-frequency inverter The magnetic field is emitted, and the receiving coil receives the energy emitted by the transmitting coil through electromagnetic induction coupling, and charges the rechargeable battery after rectification and transformation.

其通过三体分立式的设计，小巧便携，省去了以往的入耳式听诊头，并通过无线传输的方式将数据实时显示在手环3上，通过收集到的信号形成可视的图表形式，方便直观的观察和判断连续的病患的心脏杂音数据。Through the three-body discrete design, it is compact and portable, eliminating the need for the previous in-ear auscultation head, and displays the data on thebracelet 3 in real time through wireless transmission, and forms a visual chart form through the collected signals. , convenient and intuitive to observe and judge the continuous patient's heart murmur data.

以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的仅为本发明的优选例，并不用来限制本发明，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Under the premise, the present invention will also have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

Translated fromChinese

1.一种无线心脏杂音检测系统，包括拾音胸件(1)、无线充电器本体(2)、手环(3)和设置于拾音胸件(1)内集成电路板上的低通放大器、比较器、单片机和数码显示电路，其特征在于：所述拾音胸件(1)为圆盘形结构，在所述拾音胸件(1)的表面设有第一显示屏(10)，所述拾音胸件(1)上并位于第一显示屏(10)下方设有电源按钮(11)和调节旋钮(12)，所述拾音胸件(1)的底面中心位置设有贴片(13)，所述贴片(13)内设有光电传感器，所述拾音胸件(1)的底面且靠近边缘处设有多个第一吸盘(14)。1. A wireless heart murmur detection system, comprising a sound pickup chest piece (1), a wireless charger body (2), a wristband (3), and a low-pass circuit board arranged on an integrated circuit board in the sound pickup chest piece (1). Amplifier, comparator, single-chip microcomputer and digital display circuit, characterized in that: the sound pickup chest piece (1) is a disc-shaped structure, and a first display screen (10) is provided on the surface of the sound pickup chest piece (1). ), a power button (11) and an adjusting knob (12) are provided on the described sound pickup chest piece (1) and below the first display screen (10), and the bottom center position of the described sound pickup chest piece (1) is provided with a power button (11) and an adjustment knob (12). There is a patch (13), a photoelectric sensor is arranged in the patch (13), and a plurality of first suction cups (14) are arranged on the bottom surface of the sound pickup chest piece (1) and near the edge.

2.根据权利要求1所述的无线心脏杂音检测系统，其特征在于：所述无线充电器本体(2)的底部设有底座(20)，所述无线充电器本体(2)的顶部设有指示灯(21)，在所述无线充电器本体(2)的端部连接有电源线(22)，且所述电源线(22)的末端设有电源插头(23)。2. The wireless heart murmur detection system according to claim 1, wherein a base (20) is provided at the bottom of the wireless charger body (2), and a base (20) is provided at the top of the wireless charger body (2) An indicator light (21), a power cord (22) is connected to the end of the wireless charger body (2), and a power plug (23) is provided at the end of the power cord (22).

3.根据权利要求2所述的无线心脏杂音检测系统，其特征在于：所述底座(20)的底部四角处均设有第二吸盘(24)，所述第二吸盘(24)的顶端设有插柱(240)，所述插柱(240)的顶端连接有弹簧(241)，所述无线充电器本体(2)的底面与所述插柱(240)对应的位置开设有插孔(200)，所述插柱(240)插接于所述插孔(200)内并与插孔(200)滑动连接，在底座(20)的底面中心处设有挂扣(25)，所述挂扣(25)的末端开有条形槽(250)。3. The wireless heart murmur detection system according to claim 2, wherein the bottom four corners of the base (20) are provided with second suction cups (24), and the top of the second suction cup (24) is provided with a second suction cup (24). There is a plug (240), a spring (241) is connected to the top of the plug (240), and a socket ( 200), the post (240) is inserted into the socket (200) and is slidably connected with the socket (200), and a hook (25) is provided at the center of the bottom surface of the base (20). The end of the hanging buckle (25) is provided with a strip groove (250).

4.根据权利要求3所述的无线心脏杂音检测系统，其特征在于：所述手环(3)的表面设有第二显示屏(31)，所述手环(3)的底部设有橡胶带(30)，且所述橡胶带(30)的两端连接于所述手环(3)的两端，所述手环(3)的侧壁上设有旋钮(32)。4. The wireless heart murmur detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: a second display screen (31) is provided on the surface of the wristband (3), and rubber is provided at the bottom of the wristband (3). A belt (30) is provided, and both ends of the rubber belt (30) are connected to both ends of the wristband (3), and a knob (32) is provided on the side wall of the wristband (3).

5.根据权利要求4所述的无线心脏杂音检测系统，其特征在于：所述光电传感器的输出端与所述低通放大器电性连接，所述低通放大器与所述比较器(54)电性连接，所述比较器与所述单片机的I/O接口电性连接，所述单片机的I/O接口与所述数码显示电路电性连接。5. The wireless heart murmur detection system according to claim 4, wherein the output end of the photoelectric sensor is electrically connected to the low-pass amplifier, and the low-pass amplifier is electrically connected to the comparator (54). The comparator is electrically connected with the I/O interface of the single-chip microcomputer, and the I/O interface of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the digital display circuit.

6.根据权利要求5所述的无线心脏杂音检测系统，其特征在于：还包括设置于无线充电器本体(2)内的无线发射系统和设置于拾音胸件(1)内的无线接收系统，所述无线发射系统包括供电模块、方波发生电路、驱动电路、高频逆变电路和发射线圈，所述无线接收系统包括整流滤波电路、转换电路、监控模块、充电电池和接收线圈，所述供电模块与所述方波发生电路均与驱动电路电性连接，所述驱动电路与所述高频逆变电路电性连接，所述高频逆变电路在所述发射线圈上产生高频交流电，突变电流产生变化的磁场发射给所述接收线圈，所述接收线圈接收到的磁场经过耦合给整流滤波电路，所述整流滤波电路与所述转换电路电性连接，所述转换电路与所述监控模块电性连接，所述监控模块与所述充电电池电性连接。6. The wireless heart murmur detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises a wireless transmitting system arranged in the wireless charger body (2) and a wireless receiving system arranged in the sound pickup chest piece (1). , the wireless transmitting system includes a power supply module, a square wave generating circuit, a driving circuit, a high-frequency inverter circuit and a transmitting coil, and the wireless receiving system includes a rectification filter circuit, a conversion circuit, a monitoring module, a rechargeable battery and a receiving coil. The power supply module and the square wave generating circuit are both electrically connected to a drive circuit, the drive circuit is electrically connected to the high-frequency inverter circuit, and the high-frequency inverter circuit generates high-frequency on the transmitting coil The alternating current and the changed magnetic field generated by the sudden change current are transmitted to the receiving coil, and the magnetic field received by the receiving coil is coupled to the rectification and filter circuit, the rectification and filter circuit is electrically connected with the conversion circuit, and the conversion circuit is connected with the The monitoring module is electrically connected, and the monitoring module is electrically connected to the rechargeable battery.

7.根据权利要求6所述的无线心脏杂音检测系统，其特征在于：还包括设置于拾音胸件(1)内的第一MCU控制器、第一以太网控制器、第一以太网连接器以及设置于手环(3)内的第二MCU控制器、第二以太网控制器和第二以太网连接器，所述第一MCU控制器与所述第一以太网控制器电性连接，所述第一以太网控制器与所述第一以太网连接器电性连接，所述第二MCU控制器与所述第二以太网控制器电性连接，第二MCU控制器与所述第二以太网连接器电性连接，所述第一以太网连接器与所述第二以太网连接器均匀PC机信号连接。7. The wireless heart murmur detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: further comprising the first MCU controller, the first Ethernet controller, the first Ethernet connection arranged in the sound pickup chest piece (1) device and a second MCU controller, a second Ethernet controller and a second Ethernet connector arranged in the wristband (3), the first MCU controller and the first Ethernet controller are electrically connected , the first Ethernet controller is electrically connected to the first Ethernet connector, the second MCU controller is electrically connected to the second Ethernet controller, and the second MCU controller is electrically connected to the The second ethernet connector is electrically connected, and the first ethernet connector and the second ethernet connector are evenly connected to the PC by signal.

8.一种无线心脏杂音检测方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：8. A wireless heart murmur detection method, characterized in that: comprising the steps:

步骤一：通过光电传感器检测患者的心率信号，经放大、比较后传给单片机，单片机对信号进行处理，并将患者的杂音信号显示在第一显示屏(10)上；Step 1: Detecting the patient's heart rate signal through a photoelectric sensor, amplifying and comparing, and then transmitting it to the single-chip microcomputer, the single-chip computer processes the signal, and displays the patient's noise signal on the first display screen (10);

步骤二：同时第一MCU控制器将信号传递给第一以太网控制器，经过第一以太网控制器将信号转化为无线信号并由第一以太网连接器发送给PC机，经PC机中转将数据传递给患者手环(3)内的第二以太网连接器，第二以太网连接器再将信号传递给第二以太网控制器，第二以太网控制器将数据再次转化为电信号并传递给第二MCU控制器，经由第二MCU控制器处理后显示在第二显示屏(31)上；Step 2: At the same time, the first MCU controller transmits the signal to the first Ethernet controller, and the first Ethernet controller converts the signal into a wireless signal, which is sent to the PC by the first Ethernet connector, and is relayed by the PC. The data is transmitted to the second ethernet connector in the patient wristband (3), the second ethernet connector transmits the signal to the second ethernet controller, and the second ethernet controller converts the data into electrical signals again and passed to the second MCU controller, and displayed on the second display screen (31) after being processed by the second MCU controller;

步骤三：当拾音胸件(1)在无线充电器本体(2)的充电范围内时，供电模块由22V交流电源直接提供，经过高频逆变之后在发射线圈产生高频交流电，交变电流产生变化的磁场发射出去,接收线圈通过电磁感应耦合接收到发射线圈发射的能量,经过整流变换之后给充电电池充电。Step 3: When the pickup chest piece (1) is within the charging range of the wireless charger body (2), the power supply module is directly supplied by the 22V AC power supply. The magnetic field generated by the current is emitted, and the receiving coil receives the energy emitted by the transmitting coil through electromagnetic induction coupling, and charges the rechargeable battery after rectification and transformation.