CN111252901A - Duckweed pond system and method for improving duckweed growth and pollutant removal capacity - Google Patents
Duckweed pond system and method for improving duckweed growth and pollutant removal capacityDownload PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
Translated fromChinese技术领域technical field
本发明涉及生物环保领域，具体涉及提高浮萍生长及污染物去除能力的浮萍塘系统及方法。The invention relates to the field of biological environmental protection, in particular to a duckweed pond system and method for improving the growth of duckweed and the removal of pollutants.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，水生植物塘在水环境的污染治理领域得到了广泛的应用。常用的水生植物包括水葫芦、浮萍、莲花、荇菜、芦苇等，其中，浮萍因具有生长快，易打捞，富含蛋白淀粉并可作为优质的蛋白饲料和生物质能源原料开发利用等优势，备受广泛研究和应用。In recent years, aquatic plant ponds have been widely used in the field of water pollution control. Commonly used aquatic plants include water hyacinth, duckweed, lotus, yarrow, reed, etc. Among them, duckweed has fast growth, easy salvage, rich protein starch and can be used as high-quality protein feed and biomass energy raw materials development and utilization, etc. It has been widely researched and applied.
然而，基于浮萍植物构建的浮萍塘处理系统仍存在污染物去除率低的问题。这是因为浮萍个体小根系短，与污染物接触面积小，仅能吸收表层水体的污染物，导致浮萍吸收能力受限，污染物去除效率的提高还需要依靠微生物的作用。然而，研究表明，浮萍塘中浮萍垫层的存在阻碍了氧气向水体中的扩散，导致水体溶解氧较低，不利于微生物的生长及与浮萍的协同作用，也不利于微生物对污染物的降解转化。因此，增加水体溶解氧将是解决浮萍塘污染物去除率低的有效措施之一。However, the duckweed pond treatment system based on duckweed plants still has the problem of low pollutant removal rate. This is because the individual small root system of duckweed is short and the contact area with pollutants is small, and it can only absorb pollutants in the surface water body, resulting in the limited absorption capacity of duckweed, and the improvement of pollutant removal efficiency also needs to rely on the action of microorganisms. However, studies have shown that the existence of the duckweed cushion in the duckweed pond hinders the diffusion of oxygen into the water body, resulting in low dissolved oxygen in the water body, which is not conducive to the growth of microorganisms and the synergistic effect with duckweed, and is not conducive to the pollution of microorganisms. degradation and transformation of substances. Therefore, increasing the dissolved oxygen in water will be one of the effective measures to solve the low removal rate of pollutants in duckweed ponds.
现有技术中，增加水生植物塘(或生态浮床)溶解氧的现有措施主要是在塘内直接曝气，例如，中国专利 (公开号：CN104261566A)公开了一种微曝气强化生态浮床污水处理装置，该装置中微曝气管道铺设在底部，并与曝气系统连接，通过微曝气系统对装置进行曝气充氧，通过实施例证明该装置对富营养化和重金属污染水体具有较好的净化能力。然而，浮萍塘系统中的浮萍不同于浮床或大型水生植物，其个体较小，极易受水流或气泡干扰，加之浮萍的残体沉积物会导致微曝气管道堵塞，使得上述增氧方法不适合在浮萍塘中使用。因此，根据浮萍等小型浮水植物塘的这一特殊性，开发有针对性并切实可行的增氧方法，对于提高其污染物去除效率，促进其在水环境的污染治理中的应用具有重要的现实指导意义。In the prior art, the existing measures to increase dissolved oxygen in aquatic plant ponds (or ecological floating beds) are mainly direct aeration in the ponds. For example, Chinese patent (publication number: CN104261566A) discloses a kind of micro-aeration to strengthen ecological floating bed sewage treatment. In this device, the micro-aeration pipeline is laid at the bottom and connected to the aeration system, and the device is aerated and oxygenated through the micro-aeration system. The examples show that the device has good effects on eutrophication and heavy metal pollution. purifying ability. However, the duckweed in the duckweed pond system is different from the floating bed or large aquatic plants. Its individual is small and easily disturbed by water flow or air bubbles. In addition, the residual sediment of the duckweed will cause the blockage of the micro-aeration pipeline, which makes the above-mentioned increase. The oxygen method is not suitable for use in duckweed ponds. Therefore, according to the particularity of small floating plant ponds such as duckweed, it is important to develop targeted and practical oxygenation methods for improving the removal efficiency of pollutants and promoting their application in the pollution control of water environment. realistic guidance.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提供提高浮萍生长及污染物去除能力的浮萍塘系统及方法，以提高浮萍塘中浮萍生长率以及浮萍塘的污水处理能力。The object of the present invention is to provide a duckweed pond system and method for improving the growth of duckweed and pollutant removal capacity, to improve the duckweed growth rate in the duckweed pond and the sewage treatment capacity of the duckweed pond.
为解决上述的技术问题，本发明采用以下技术方案：In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
提高浮萍生长及污染物去除能力的浮萍塘系统，包括浮萍塘本体，浮萍塘本体内种植浮萍，所述浮萍塘本体两端分别设置有塘体进水口和塘体出水口，还设置有预曝气池，预曝气池内设置曝气装置，所述预曝气池两端分别设置有池体进水口和池体出水口，所述池体出水口与塘体进水口连接。The duckweed pond system for improving the growth of duckweed and the removal of pollutants includes a duckweed pond body, and duckweed is planted in the duckweed pond body, and both ends of the duckweed pond body are respectively provided with a pond body water inlet and a pond body water outlet , is also provided with a pre-aeration tank, an aeration device is set in the pre-aeration tank, the two ends of the pre-aeration tank are respectively provided with a pool body water inlet and a pool body water outlet, the pool body water outlet and the pool body water inlet connect.
预曝气池可先对污水进行曝气处理，增加水体中的溶氧量，再将曝气处理后的水体通入浮萍塘本体，供浮萍和微生物生长使用，水体含氧量的增加，促进了浮萍和微生物的生长，也同时达到提高浮萍塘去除污染物能力的目的。将水体预曝气处理，再通入浮萍塘本体，而不是直接在浮萍塘本体中进行曝气处理，是因为浮萍的个体极小，受到风吹水动的干扰都会随之移动，导致浮萍分布不均，进而导致浮萍生长受到影响，从而影响其污水处理能力。The pre-aeration tank can first aerate the sewage to increase the dissolved oxygen in the water, and then pass the aerated water into the duckweed pond body for the growth of duckweed and microorganisms, and the oxygen content of the water increases. , promote the growth of duckweed and microorganisms, and also achieve the purpose of improving the ability of duckweed pond to remove pollutants. The water body is pre-aerated and then passed into the body of the duckweed pond, rather than directly in the body of the duckweed pond, because the individual duckweed is very small, and will move with the disturbance of wind and water movement. This leads to uneven distribution of duckweed, which in turn affects the growth of duckweed, thereby affecting its sewage treatment capacity.
作为优选，所述的浮萍塘本体内设置隔板，所述隔板上端高于浮萍塘本体水体高度，下端与浮萍塘本体底面存在间隙。隔板起到对浮萍分割成小区域的作用，防止大面积浮萍受风力干扰造成堆积或者稀疏影响浮萍生长。Preferably, a baffle is arranged in the duckweed pond body, the upper end of the baffle is higher than the water body height of the duckweed pond body, and there is a gap between the lower end and the bottom surface of the duckweed pond body. The partitions play the role of dividing the duckweed into small areas, preventing large areas of duckweed from being disturbed by wind and causing accumulation or sparseness affecting the growth of duckweed.
作为优选，所述的隔板包括相连接的板体和漂浮体，所述隔板漂浮于水体。隔板可随水体高度自适应，以达到本申请发明目的。Preferably, the baffle plate includes a connected plate body and a floating body, and the baffle plate floats in the water body. The separator can be adapted to the height of the water body, so as to achieve the purpose of the invention of the present application.
作为优选，所述的隔板上设置有透明的透光柱，所述透光柱自水体上方通入水体。透光柱提高水体内的透光性，在浮萍密度达到一定程度时，对被遮挡的浮萍起到补光作用，促进其生长。Preferably, a transparent light-transmitting column is provided on the partition, and the light-transmitting column enters the water body from above the water body. The light-transmitting column improves the light-transmittance in the water body. When the density of duckweed reaches a certain level, it plays a role in supplementing light for the shaded duckweed and promotes its growth.
作为优选，所述的透光柱内部中空、上下开口。增加水体与空气的接触，保持水体的高溶氧量，隔网可防止浮萍进入透光柱内生长，确保透光柱的通透。Preferably, the interior of the light-transmitting column is hollow and has upper and lower openings. Increase the contact between the water body and the air, maintain the high dissolved oxygen content of the water body, and the partition screen can prevent the duckweed from entering the light-transmitting column to grow and ensure the transparency of the light-transmitting column.
提高浮萍生长及污染物去除能力的方法，将污水通入浮萍塘系统进行处理，其特征在于：所述的浮萍塘系统包括浮萍塘本体和预曝气池，将污水先通入预曝气池进行曝气处理，再通入浮萍塘本体进行污水处理；所述浮萍塘本体内种植浮萍，浮萍塘本体两端分别设置有塘体进水口和塘体出水口；所述预曝气池内设置曝气装置，预曝气池两端分别设置有池体进水口和池体出水口，所述池体出水口与塘体进水口连接。The method for improving the ability of duckweed growth and pollutant removal is to pass the sewage into the duckweed pond system for processing, and it is characterized in that: the duckweed pond system comprises the duckweed pond body and the pre-aeration tank, and the sewage is first introduced into the duckweed pond system. The pre-aeration tank is subjected to aeration treatment, and then passed into the duckweed pond body for sewage treatment; the duckweed pond body is planted with duckweed, and the two ends of the duckweed pond body are respectively provided with a pond body water inlet and a pond body water outlet; The pre-aeration tank is provided with an aeration device, the two ends of the pre-aeration tank are respectively provided with a tank body water inlet and a tank body water outlet, and the tank body water outlet is connected with the pond body water inlet.
作为优选，按照浮萍塘本体内水面每平米内浮萍的湿重计算，所述的浮萍塘本体内浮萍的覆盖率为150g/m2～850g/m2。浮萍塘本体内浮萍的覆盖率过高或过低都不利于浮萍生长和污染物去除。Preferably, according to the wet weight of the duckweed per square meter of the water surface in the duckweed pond body, the duckweed coverage rate in the duckweed pond body is 150g/m2 -850g/m2 . Too high or too low coverage of duckweed in the duckweed pond is not conducive to the growth of duckweed and the removal of pollutants.
作为优选，所述的浮萍塘本体内浮萍的覆盖率为550g/m2。Preferably, the coverage rate of duckweed in the duckweed pond body is 550g/m2 .
作为优选，所述的曝气处理的时长为0.5～6小时。Preferably, the duration of the aeration treatment is 0.5 to 6 hours.
作为优选，所述的曝气处理的时长为2小时。Preferably, the duration of the aeration treatment is 2 hours.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明打破了浮萍塘系统因溶解氧低，污染物去除效率低，而又无法通过直接曝气增氧的局限，有利于推进浮萍塘在水环境治理中的应用；本发明采用的预曝气处理方法在提高浮萍塘水体溶解氧的同时，也有利于浮萍的生长；本发明使浮萍塘对污水污染物去除率高；本发明成本低廉，并且不受浮萍品种限制，容易推广应用。Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention breaks the limitation that the duckweed pond system has low dissolved oxygen and low pollutant removal efficiency, and cannot increase oxygen by direct aeration, and is conducive to promoting the duckweed. The application of the pond in the water environment treatment; the pre-aeration treatment method adopted in the present invention is beneficial to the growth of the duckweed while improving the dissolved oxygen in the water body of the duckweed pond; the present invention enables the duckweed pond to have a high removal rate of sewage pollutants The invention has low cost, is not limited by duckweed varieties, and is easy to popularize and apply.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例1、实施例2的俯视结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic top-view structural diagram of Embodiment 1 and
图2为本发明实施例1、实施例2的侧视结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic side view structure diagram of Embodiment 1 and
图3为对比例和实施例2中表层、底层及平均溶解氧量。Figure 3 shows the surface layer, the bottom layer and the average dissolved oxygen amount in the comparative example and Example 2.
图4为对比例和实施例2的浮萍湿重生长速率。FIG. 4 is the wet weight growth rate of duckweed in Comparative Example and Example 2. FIG.
图5 为对比例和实施例2的浮萍干重生长速率。FIG. 5 is the dry weight growth rate of duckweed in Comparative Example and Example 2. FIG.
图6为对比例和实施例2中COD、氨氮、TN、TP、浊度的平均去除率及提高率。Figure 6 shows the average removal rate and improvement rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen, TN, TP, and turbidity in Comparative Example and Example 2.
图7为本发明另一种结构的俯视结构示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of another structure of the present invention.
图8为本发明另一种结构的侧视结构示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of another structure of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
图1、图2示出了此种提高浮萍生长及污染物去除能力的浮萍塘系统的结构，下面结合图例列举几个实施例。Figures 1 and 2 show the structure of the duckweed pond system for improving the growth of duckweed and the removal of pollutants. Several embodiments are listed below with reference to the legends.
实施例1：Example 1:
提高浮萍生长及污染物去除能力的浮萍塘系统，包括浮萍塘本体1，浮萍塘本体1长24m、宽2.5m、高0.6m，控制水体高度为0.5m，浮萍塘本体1内种植浮萍，所述浮萍塘本体1两端分别设置有塘体进水口2和塘体出水口3。还设置有预曝气池4，预曝气池4长3.5m、宽2.5m、高1.5m，控制其内水体液面高度为1.2m。预曝气池4内设置曝气装置5，所述预曝气池4两端分别设置有池体进水口6和池体出水口7，所述池体出水口7与塘体进水口2连接。The duckweed pond system to improve the growth of duckweed and the removal of pollutants includes duckweed pond body 1, duckweed pond body 1 with a length of 24m, a width of 2.5m and a height of 0.6m, the height of the controlled water body is 0.5m, and the duckweed pond body 1 Duckweed is planted inside, and both ends of the duckweed pond body 1 are respectively provided with a pond
将污水先通入预曝气池4进行曝气处理0.5小时，再通入浮萍塘本体1进行污水处理；所述浮萍塘本体1内种植浮萍，浮萍的覆盖率为150g湿重 /m2，定期采集和打捞多余浮萍。浮萍塘本体1两端分别设置有塘体进水口2和塘体出水口3；所述预曝气池4内设置曝气装置5，预曝气池4两端分别设置有池体进水口6和池体出水口7，所述池体出水口7与塘体进水口2连接，浮萍塘本体1进水量为0.75 m3/d，两天进一次，每次1.5 m3/，浮萍塘本体1进水的同时开始排水，以保证液面高度的稳定。The sewage is first passed into the
实施例2：Example 2:
提高浮萍生长及污染物去除能力的浮萍塘系统，包括浮萍塘本体1，浮萍塘本体1长24m、宽2.5m、高0.6m，控制水体高度为0.5m，浮萍塘本体1内种植浮萍，所述浮萍塘本体1两端分别设置有塘体进水口2和塘体出水口3。所述的浮萍塘本体1内设置隔板8，所述隔板8上端高于浮萍塘本体1水体高度，下端与浮萍塘本体1底面存在间隙。还设置有预曝气池4，预曝气池4长3.5m、宽2.5m、高1.5m，控制其内水体液面高度为1.2m。预曝气池4内设置曝气装置5，所述预曝气池4两端分别设置有池体进水口6和池体出水口7，所述池体出水口7与塘体进水口2连接。The duckweed pond system to improve the growth of duckweed and the removal of pollutants includes duckweed pond body 1, duckweed pond body 1 with a length of 24m, a width of 2.5m and a height of 0.6m, the height of the controlled water body is 0.5m, and the duckweed pond body 1 Duckweed is planted inside, and both ends of the duckweed pond body 1 are respectively provided with a pond
将污水先通入预曝气池4进行曝气处理2小时，再通入浮萍塘本体1进行污水处理；所述浮萍塘本体1内种植浮萍，浮萍的覆盖率为550g湿重 /m2，定期采集和打捞多余浮萍。浮萍塘本体1两端分别设置有塘体进水口2和塘体出水口3；所述预曝气池4内设置曝气装置5，预曝气池4两端分别设置有池体进水口6和池体出水口7，所述池体出水口7与塘体进水口2连接，浮萍塘本体1进水量为0.75 m3/d，两天进一次，每次1.5m³，浮萍塘本体1进水的同时开始排水，以保证液面高度的稳定。Sewage was first passed into
同时，设置对比例，所述对比例与实施例2相比，区别在于无预曝气池4，而是将污水直接通入浮萍塘本体1，其余条件与实施例2相同。实施例2和对比例污水处理和浮萍生长过程持续3个月，期间每隔2天测定一次浮萍塘中部表层水体和底层水体的溶解氧（DO）含量,每隔4天测定进水和出水中污染物的浓度并计算浮萍塘对污水COD、氨氮、TN、TP、浊度的去除率，进水中各污染物的浓度如表1所示。At the same time, a comparative example is set. Compared with Example 2, the difference between the comparative example is that there is no
各污染物的测定方法及去除率计算方法如下：The measurement method and removal rate calculation method of each pollutant are as follows:
水体中COD的测定——重铬酸钾法(GB 11914--89)；Determination of COD in water - potassium dichromate method (GB 11914--89);
水体中氨氮的测定方法——紫外分光光度法(HJ 535--2009)；Determination of ammonia nitrogen in water - UV spectrophotometry (HJ 535--2009);
水体中TN的测定——紫外分光光度法(GB 11894—89)；Determination of TN in water - UV spectrophotometry (GB 11894-89);
水体中TP的测定——钼酸铵分光光度法(GB 11893--89)；Determination of TP in water - ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry (GB 11893--89);
浊度用上海昕瑞仪器仪表有限公司的WGZ-1A浊度仪测定；Turbidity was measured with a WGZ-1A turbidity meter from Shanghai Xinrui Instrument Co., Ltd.;
污水中污染物去除率(%)=(进水的污染物浓度-出水的污染物浓度)/进水的污染物浓度×100；Removal rate of pollutants in sewage (%) = (concentration of pollutants in influent - concentration of pollutants in effluent) / concentration of pollutants in influent × 100;
污水中污染物去除提高率(%)=(实施例中污染物去除率-对比例中污染物去除率)/对比例中污染物去除率×100；Increase rate of pollutant removal in sewage (%)=(removal rate of pollutants in the embodiment - removal rate of pollutants in the comparative example)/removal rate of pollutants in the comparative example × 100;
实施例2和对比例中，浮萍的定量取样操作如下：在每个处理区的污水表面均匀对称地放入6个长方形框体(由外直径为20mm的PVC管制成)，各框体中的水面面积均为0.1 m2，捞取6个框体内的所有浮萍，将捞取的浮萍用洗衣机脱水(每次脱水1min，共脱水2次)后称重即得浮萍湿重，根据浮萍湿重计算各处理区中每1m2水面浮萍的湿重，浮萍的打捞量=(取样计算的每1m2水面浮萍的湿重-初始接种时每1m2水面浮萍的湿重)×处理区水面面积，根据计算所得的浮萍打捞量打捞浮萍，使打捞后浮萍在污水表面的覆盖率保持恒定（550g湿重/m2）。称取一定量的湿浮萍放在60℃的烘箱中干燥至恒重称重，根据获得的重量数据计算浮萍湿重生长速率和干重生长速率，计算方法如下：In
浮萍的湿重生长速率(g/m2/d)=(取样时浮萍的湿重-上次取样时浮萍的湿重)/ 取样水面面积/取样周期；Wet weight growth rate of duckweed (g/m2 /d) = (wet weight of duckweed at the time of sampling - wet weight of duckweed at the last sampling)/sampling water surface area/sampling period;
浮萍的干重生长速率(g/m2/d)=(取样时浮萍的干重-上次取样时浮萍的干重)/取样水面面积/取样周期。Dry weight growth rate of duckweed (g/m2 /d)=(dry weight of duckweed at the time of sampling-dry weight of duckweed at the time of last sampling)/sampling water surface area/sampling period.
表1 进出水中COD、氨氮、TN、TP和浊度浓度（n=22）Table 1 COD, ammonia nitrogen, TN, TP and turbidity concentrations in in and out water (n=22)
实施例2和对比例的实施效果如下：The implementation effect of
对比例：Comparative ratio:
由表1中各污染物进出水浓度可知，对比例中出水浓度低于进水浓度，表明污染物得到去除。From the influent and effluent concentration of each pollutant in Table 1, it can be seen that the effluent concentration in the comparative example is lower than the influent concentration, indicating that the pollutants have been removed.
由图3可知，对比例污水处理和浮萍生长过程持续的3个月内，溶解氧含量表层为0.45mg/L，底层为0.18mg/L，总体溶解氧含量为0.24mg/L。It can be seen from Figure 3 that the dissolved oxygen content in the surface layer is 0.45mg/L, the bottom layer is 0.18mg/L, and the overall dissolved oxygen content is 0.24mg/L within 3 months of the sewage treatment and duckweed growth process in the comparative example.
由图4浮萍湿重生长速率和图5浮萍干重生长速率数据可知，对比例污水处理和浮萍生长过程持续的3个月内，浮萍的平均湿重生长速率为94.4g/m2/d，浮萍的平均干重生长速率为9.87g/m2/d，浮萍生长较为缓慢。From the data of the wet weight growth rate of duckweed in Fig. 4 and the growth rate of duckweed dry weight in Fig. 5, it can be seen that the average wet weight growth rate of duckweed is 94.4g/m within 3 months of the sewage treatment and duckweed growth process of the comparative example.2 /d, the average dry weight growth rate of duckweed was 9.87g/m2 /d, and the growth of duckweed was relatively slow.
由图6污染物平均去除率数据可知，对比例污水处理和浮萍生长过程持续的3个月内，对COD的去除率为23.13%，氨氮的去除率为12.86%，TN的去除率为13.37%，TP的去除率为31.07%，浊度的去除率为72.44%，这些数据可以看出浊度去除效果最好，总磷去除效果优于总氮去除效果。From the average removal rate data of pollutants in Figure 6, it can be seen that the removal rate of COD was 23.13%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was 12.86%, and the removal rate of TN was 13.37% within 3 months of the sewage treatment and duckweed growth process in the comparative example. %, the removal rate of TP is 31.07%, and the removal rate of turbidity is 72.44%. From these data, it can be seen that the removal effect of turbidity is the best, and the removal effect of total phosphorus is better than that of total nitrogen.
实施例2：Example 2:
由表1中各污染物进出水浓度可知，实施例2中出水浓度低于进水浓度，表明污染物得到去除，实施例2出水浓度低于对比例出水浓度，表明，实施例2去除了更多的污染物。As can be seen from the influent and effluent concentration of each pollutant in Table 1, the effluent concentration in Example 2 is lower than the influent concentration, indicating that the pollutants are removed, and the effluent concentration in Example 2 is lower than the comparative example effluent concentration, indicating that Example 2 removed more many pollutants.
由图3可知，实施例2污水处理和浮萍生长过程持续的3个月内，溶解氧含量表层为1.33mg/L，底层为0.83mg/L，总体溶解氧含量为1.03mg/L，与对比例相比，表层溶解氧、底层溶解氧和总体溶解氧分别提高了0.88 mg/L、0.65 mg/L和0.79 mg/L。It can be seen from Figure 3 that within 3 months of the sewage treatment and duckweed growth process in Example 2, the dissolved oxygen content in the surface layer is 1.33mg/L, the bottom layer is 0.83mg/L, and the overall dissolved oxygen content is 1.03mg/L, which is the same as Compared with the control example, the surface dissolved oxygen, bottom dissolved oxygen and total dissolved oxygen increased by 0.88 mg/L, 0.65 mg/L and 0.79 mg/L, respectively.
由图4浮萍湿重生长速率和图5浮萍干重生长速率数据可知，实施例2污水处理和浮萍生长过程持续的3个月内，浮萍的平均湿重生长速率为151.91 g/m2/d，浮萍的平均干重生长速率为12.32 g/m2/d，与对比例相比湿重和干重生长速率分别提高了57.51 g/m2/d和2.46 g/m2/d。From Fig. 4 duckweed wet weight growth rate and Fig. 5 duckweed dry weight growth rate data, it can be seen that the average wet weight growth rate of duckweed is 151.91 g/ m2 /d, the average dry weight growth rate of duckweed was 12.32 g/m2 /d, and the wet and dry weight growth rates increased by 57.51 g/m2 /d and 2.46 g/m2 compared with the control, respectively /d.
由图6污染物平均去除率数据可知，实施例2污水处理和浮萍生长过程持续的3个月内，COD的去除率为35.31%，氨氮的去除率为53.33%，TN的去除率为47.72%，TP的去除率为79.92%，浊度的去除率为95.75%，与对比例相比，COD、氨氮、TN、TP、浊度的去除率分别提高了12.18%，40.47%，34.35%，48.85%和23.31%。其中氨氮、TN、TP去除率大幅度提高。It can be seen from the average removal rate data of pollutants in Figure 6 that within 3 months of the sewage treatment and duckweed growth process in Example 2, the removal rate of COD was 35.31%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was 53.33%, and the removal rate of TN was 47.72%. %, the removal rate of TP was 79.92%, and the removal rate of turbidity was 95.75%. 48.85% and 23.31%. Among them, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen, TN and TP was greatly improved.
综合实施例2和对比例中的数据及以上比较分析可知，与对比例相比，实施例2中浮萍塘水体的溶解氧的提高率为329.17%，COD、氨氮、TN、TP和浊度去除的提高率分别为52.65%，314.65%，257.03%，157.27%和32.18%，浮萍平均干重生长速率和湿重生长速率的提高率分别为24.82%和60.92%。，以上数据表明本方法能极大提高浮萍产量及污水中污染物的去除能力。Comprehensive data in Example 2 and the comparative example and the above comparative analysis shows that, compared with the comparative example, the rate of increase of the dissolved oxygen in the duckweed pond water in Example 2 is 329.17%, COD, ammonia nitrogen, TN, TP and turbidity. The increase rates of removal were 52.65%, 314.65%, 257.03%, 157.27% and 32.18%, respectively, and the increase rates of the average dry and wet weight growth rates of duckweed were 24.82% and 60.92%, respectively. , the above data show that this method can greatly improve the yield of duckweed and the removal capacity of pollutants in sewage.
图7、图8示出了此种提高浮萍生长及污染物去除能力的浮萍塘系统的结构，下面结合图例列举几个实施例。Figures 7 and 8 show the structure of the duckweed pond system for improving the growth of duckweed and the removal of pollutants. Several embodiments are listed below with reference to the legends.
实施例3：Example 3:
提高浮萍生长及污染物去除能力的浮萍塘系统，包括浮萍塘本体1，浮萍塘本体1长24m、宽2.5m、高0.6m，控制水体高度为0.5m，浮萍塘本体1内种植浮萍，所述浮萍塘本体1两端分别设置有塘体进水口2和塘体出水口3。所述的浮萍塘本体1内设置隔板8，所述隔板8上端高于浮萍塘本体1水体高度，下端与浮萍塘本体1底面存在间隙。其中所述的隔板8包括相连接的板体81和漂浮体82，所述隔板8漂浮于水体，再通过固定件对其进行固定，防止其被风吹动。还设置有预曝气池4，预曝气池4长3.5m、宽2.5m、高1.5m，控制其内水体液面高度为1.2m。预曝气池4内设置曝气装置5，所述预曝气池4两端分别设置有池体进水口6和池体出水口7，所述池体出水口7与塘体进水口2连接。The duckweed pond system to improve the growth of duckweed and the removal of pollutants includes duckweed pond body 1, duckweed pond body 1 with a length of 24m, a width of 2.5m and a height of 0.6m, the height of the controlled water body is 0.5m, and the duckweed pond body 1 Duckweed is planted inside, and both ends of the duckweed pond body 1 are respectively provided with a pond
将污水先通入预曝气池4进行曝气处理6小时，再通入浮萍塘本体1进行污水处理；所述浮萍塘本体1内种植浮萍，浮萍的覆盖率为850g 湿重/m2，定期采集和打捞多余浮萍。浮萍塘本体1两端分别设置有塘体进水口2和塘体出水口3；所述预曝气池4内设置曝气装置5，预曝气池4两端分别设置有池体进水口6和池体出水口7，所述池体出水口7与塘体进水口2连接，浮萍塘本体1进水量为0.75m3/d，两天进一次，每次1.5m3，浮萍塘本体1进水的同时开始排水，以保证液面高度的稳定。Sewage was first passed into
实施例4：Example 4:
提高浮萍生长及污染物去除能力的浮萍塘系统，包括浮萍塘本体1，浮萍塘本体1长24m、宽2.5m、高0.6m，控制水体高度为0.5m，浮萍塘本体1内种植浮萍，所述浮萍塘本体1两端分别设置有塘体进水口2和塘体出水口3。所述的浮萍塘本体1内设置隔板8，所述隔板8上端高于浮萍塘本体1水体高度，下端与浮萍塘本体1底面存在间隙。其中所述的隔板8包括相连接的板体81和漂浮体82，所述隔板8漂浮于水体。还设置有预曝气池4，预曝气池4长3.5m、宽2.5m、高1.5m，控制其内水体液面高度为1.2m。预曝气池4内设置曝气装置5，所述预曝气池4两端分别设置有池体进水口6和池体出水口7，所述池体出水口7与塘体进水口2连接。The duckweed pond system to improve the growth of duckweed and the removal of pollutants includes duckweed pond body 1, duckweed pond body 1 with a length of 24m, a width of 2.5m and a height of 0.6m, the height of the controlled water body is 0.5m, and the duckweed pond body 1 Duckweed is planted inside, and both ends of the duckweed pond body 1 are respectively provided with a pond
实施例5：Example 5:
提高浮萍生长及污染物去除能力的浮萍塘系统，包括浮萍塘本体1，浮萍塘本体1长24m、宽2.5m、高0.6m，控制水体高度为0.5m，浮萍塘本体1内种植浮萍，所述浮萍塘本体1两端分别设置有塘体进水口2和塘体出水口3。所述的浮萍塘本体1内设置隔板8，所述隔板8上端高于浮萍塘本体1水体高度，下端与浮萍塘本体1底面存在间隙。其中所述的隔板8包括相连接的板体81和漂浮体82，所述隔板8漂浮于水体。隔板8上还设置有透明的透光柱9，所述透光柱9自水体上方通入水体。此外，还设置有预曝气池4，预曝气池4长3.5m、宽2.5m、高1.5m，控制其内水体液面高度为1.2m。预曝气池4内设置曝气装置5，所述预曝气池4两端分别设置有池体进水口6和池体出水口7，所述池体出水口7与塘体进水口2连接。The duckweed pond system to improve the growth of duckweed and the removal of pollutants includes duckweed pond body 1, duckweed pond body 1 with a length of 24m, a width of 2.5m and a height of 0.6m, the height of the controlled water body is 0.5m, and the duckweed pond body 1 Duckweed is planted inside, and both ends of the duckweed pond body 1 are respectively provided with a pond
最优实施例：Best practice:
提高浮萍生长及污染物去除能力的浮萍塘系统，包括浮萍塘本体1，浮萍塘本体1长24m、宽2.5m、高0.6m，控制水体高度为0.5m，浮萍塘本体1内种植浮萍，所述浮萍塘本体1两端分别设置有塘体进水口2和塘体出水口3。所述的浮萍塘本体1内设置隔板8，所述隔板8上端高于浮萍塘本体1水体高度，下端与浮萍塘本体1底面存在间隙。其中所述的隔板8包括相连接的板体81和漂浮体82，所述隔板8漂浮于水体。隔板8上还设置有透明的透光柱9，所述透光柱9自水体上方通入水体，所述的透光柱9内部中空、上下开口，并且透光柱9的下端开口处设置隔网10。此外，还设置有预曝气池4，预曝气池4长3.5m、宽2.5m、高1.5m，控制其内水体液面高度为1.2m。预曝气池4内设置曝气装置5，所述预曝气池4两端分别设置有池体进水口6和池体出水口7，所述池体出水口7与塘体进水口2连接。The duckweed pond system to improve the growth of duckweed and the removal of pollutants includes duckweed pond body 1, duckweed pond body 1 with a length of 24m, a width of 2.5m and a height of 0.6m, the height of the controlled water body is 0.5m, and the duckweed pond body 1 Duckweed is planted inside, and both ends of the duckweed pond body 1 are respectively provided with a pond
将污水先通入预曝气池4进行曝气处理2小时，再通入浮萍塘本体1进行污水处理；所述浮萍塘本体1内种植浮萍，浮萍的覆盖率为550g /m2，定期采集和打捞多余浮萍。浮萍塘本体1两端分别设置有塘体进水口2和塘体出水口3；所述预曝气池4内设置曝气装置5，预曝气池4两端分别设置有池体进水口6和池体出水口7，所述池体出水口7与塘体进水口2连接，浮萍塘本体1进水量为0.75 m3/d，两天进一次，每次1.5m³，浮萍塘本体1进水的同时开始排水，以保证液面高度的稳定。The sewage was first passed into the
在本说明书中所谈到多个解释性实施例，指的是结合该实施例描述的具体方法包括在本申请概括性描述的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中多个地方出现同种表述不是一定指的是同一个实施例。进一步来说，结合任意一实施例描述一个方法时，所要主张的是结合其他实施例来实现这种方法落在本发明的范围内。Reference in this specification to multiple illustrative embodiments means that a specific method described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment generally described in this application. The appearances of the same expression in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a method is described in conjunction with any one embodiment, it is claimed that it is within the scope of the invention to implement such method in conjunction with other embodiments.
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