CN111227835B - A knee joint dynamic imaging device and its use method - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明公开一种膝关节动态成像装置及其使用方法，包括循环加载组件、磁共振扫描仪、数据终端；循环加载组件包括气缸、病床，气缸传动连接推杆，推杆连接足套，病床顶面设有大腿绑带、小腿绑带、固定夹具，推杆与足套之间设有压力传感器，气缸与足套之间设有位移传感器；数据终端信号连接压力传感器、位移传感器、气缸、磁共振扫描仪，数据终端包括I/O装置、电子时钟、处理中心、计数器。本发明能够对载荷状态下的关节进行成像操作，有效降低其他相位对图像的影响，结构简单，成本较低。

The invention discloses a knee joint dynamic imaging device and its use method, comprising a cyclic loading assembly, a magnetic resonance scanner, and a data terminal; the cyclic loading assembly includes a cylinder, a hospital bed, a push rod connected to the cylinder transmission, a foot cover connected to the push rod, and a top of the hospital bed There are thigh straps, calf straps and fixing fixtures on the surface, a pressure sensor is installed between the push rod and the foot cover, and a displacement sensor is provided between the cylinder and the foot cover; the data terminal signal is connected to the pressure sensor, displacement sensor, cylinder, magnetic Resonance scanner, data terminal includes I/O device, electronic clock, processing center, counter. The invention can perform imaging operation on the joint under load state, effectively reduces the influence of other phases on the image, has simple structure and low cost.

Description

Translated fromChinese

一种膝关节动态成像装置及其使用方法A knee joint dynamic imaging device and its use method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及医疗成像装置领域，尤其涉及一种膝关节动态成像装置及其使用方法。The invention relates to the field of medical imaging devices, in particular to a knee joint dynamic imaging device and an application method thereof.

背景技术Background technique

在骨关节的临床诊断中，有一项非常重要的检查内容，即在负荷状态下对关节形态和关节内结构进行检测，以分析骨关节病变发展状况和病理状态。众所周知，人体大关节负荷和非负荷状态下关节半月板、韧带形态均存在差异，非负荷状态下关节影像学检查和体检无法显示人在行走或直立状态下的关节内结构变化情况和相对位置改变。因此在骨科学和影像学检查中，负重位X线关节摄片成为常用的检查手段，也是骨关节炎等疾病的标准成像技术之一。In the clinical diagnosis of bone and joint, there is a very important inspection content, that is, to detect the joint shape and intra-articular structure under load, so as to analyze the development and pathological state of bone and joint lesions. As we all know, there are differences in the shape of the menisci and ligaments of the large joints of the human body under load and non-load conditions. Joint imaging examinations and physical examinations under the non-load state cannot reveal the structural changes and relative position changes in the joints when people are walking or standing upright. . Therefore, in orthopedics and imaging examinations, weight-bearing X-ray joint photography has become a commonly used examination method, and it is also one of the standard imaging techniques for diseases such as osteoarthritis.

现有的MRI成像装置均是对无负载状态下的关节进行扫描成像，而当人体关节在载荷状态下，会发生变形，如何消除相位对图像的影响也是尚待解决的问题。Existing MRI imaging devices all scan and image joints under no-load conditions. When human joints are under load, they will deform. How to eliminate the influence of phase on images is still an unsolved problem.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明旨在提供一种膝关节动态成像装置及其使用方法，能够对载荷状态下的关节进行成像操作，有效降低其他相位对图像的影响，结构简单，成本较低。The present invention aims to provide a knee joint dynamic imaging device and its use method, which can perform imaging operations on joints under load, effectively reduce the influence of other phases on images, and have a simple structure and low cost.

为达到上述目的，本发明是采用以下技术方案实现的：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

本发明公开一种膝关节动态成像装置，包括循环加载组件、磁共振扫描仪、数据终端；The invention discloses a knee joint dynamic imaging device, which includes a cyclic loading component, a magnetic resonance scanner, and a data terminal;

循环加载组件包括气缸、病床，气缸传动连接推杆，推杆连接足套，病床顶面设有大腿绑带、小腿绑带、固定夹具，推杆与足套之间设有压力传感器，气缸与足套之间设有位移传感器；The cyclic loading assembly includes a cylinder, a hospital bed, a push rod connected to the cylinder transmission, and a foot cover connected to the push rod. There are thigh straps, calf straps, and fixing fixtures on the top surface of the hospital bed. A pressure sensor is provided between the push rod and the foot cover. There is a displacement sensor between the foot covers;

数据终端信号连接压力传感器、位移传感器、气缸、磁共振扫描仪，数据终端包括I/O装置、电子时钟、处理中心、计数器。The data terminal signal is connected to the pressure sensor, displacement sensor, cylinder, and magnetic resonance scanner, and the data terminal includes I/O devices, electronic clocks, processing centers, and counters.

优选的，病床顶面为强摩擦结构。Preferably, the top surface of the hospital bed is a strong friction structure.

优选的，足套为硬质塑料。Preferably, the foot cover is made of hard plastic.

优选的，位移传感器为激光位移传感器。Preferably, the displacement sensor is a laser displacement sensor.

优选的，固定夹具为硬质塑料，在对需要扫描的人体或尸体进行3D扫描成像后，采用高强度塑料进行3D打印定制，卡在大腿上段或股骨近端处。Preferably, the fixing fixture is made of hard plastic, and after 3D scanning and imaging of the human body or corpse to be scanned, it is custom-made by 3D printing with high-strength plastic, and is clamped at the upper thigh or proximal femur.

优选的，位移传感器设于气缸外壁。Preferably, the displacement sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder.

本发明还公开上述成像装置的使用方法，其包括以下步骤：The present invention also discloses a method for using the above-mentioned imaging device, which includes the following steps:

S100、使用大腿绑带固定人体大腿，使用小腿绑带固定人体小腿，使用固定夹具固定人体股骨，患者穿戴足套；S100. Fix the thigh of the human body with a thigh strap, fix the calf of the human body with a calf strap, and fix the femur of the human body with a fixing fixture, and the patient wears a foot cover;

S200、驱动气缸对膝关节进行循环加载，载荷大小为F，单词载荷循环时间为T，循环次数为C，磁共振扫描仪选择位于膝关节内侧间室且股骨及胫骨侧软骨充分接触的矢状面进行，S200. Drive the cylinder to cyclically load the knee joint. The magnitude of the load is F, the cycle time of the word load is T, and the number of cycles is C. The magnetic resonance scanner selects a sagittal space located in the medial compartment of the knee joint and fully in contact with the femoral and tibial side cartilage. face to face,

其中磁共振扫描仪为采用3.0T磁共振扫描仪以及带有位移编码影像处理的磁共振测试序列，在序列中Among them, the magnetic resonance scanner is a 3.0T magnetic resonance scanner and a magnetic resonance test sequence with displacement coding image processing, in the sequence

其中，

为相位数据，Δx为位移变化，γ_H为旋磁比，t_enc为编码梯度持续时间，G_de为平面上x或y方向位移编码的梯度大小，G′_de为参考图像的梯度大小。in,

is the phase data, Δx is the displacement change, γ_H is the gyromagnetic ratio, t_enc is the encoding gradient duration, G_de is the gradient size of the displacement encoding in the x or y direction on the plane, and G′_de is the gradient size of the reference image.

优选的，步骤S200中，F为50％或100％患者的体重，T为5s或10s，C为50次、100次或200次。Preferably, in step S200, F is 50% or 100% of the patient's body weight, T is 5s or 10s, and C is 50 times, 100 times or 200 times.

优选的，步骤S200中，位移编码MRI的编码梯度在平面上的2个方向均为0.33π/mm，并设定600ms的TM缓冲时间以确保MRI图像在载荷平台期获取。Preferably, in step S200, the encoding gradient of the displacement-encoded MRI is 0.33π/mm in two directions on the plane, and a TM buffer time of 600ms is set to ensure that MRI images are acquired during the load plateau period.

优选的，步骤S200中，Single-shot fast spin echo序列TE时间为62/72/82ms，TR时间为5000ms，扫描FOV为180×180mm，矩阵大小为256×256/384×384/512×512pixels，层厚1mm，激励次数为16次。Preferably, in step S200, the TE time of the Single-shot fast spin echo sequence is 62/72/82ms, the TR time is 5000ms, the scanning FOV is 180×180mm, and the matrix size is 256×256/384×384/512×512pixels, The thickness of the layer is 1 mm, and the number of excitations is 16 times.

本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1、本发明能够对载荷状态下的关节进行成像操作。1. The present invention can perform imaging operations on joints under load.

2、本发明有效降低其他相位对图像的影响。2. The present invention effectively reduces the influence of other phases on the image.

3、本发明结构简单，成本较低。3. The present invention has simple structure and low cost.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为气缸的示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of cylinder;

图2为本发明的示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

图中：1-气缸、2-推杆、3-压力传感器、4-足套、5-病床、6-大腿绑带、7-小腿绑带、8-固定夹具。In the figure: 1-cylinder, 2-push rod, 3-pressure sensor, 4-foot cover, 5-patient bed, 6-thigh strap, 7-calf strap, 8-fixing fixture.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

图2中A部位即为MRI成像窗口。Part A in Figure 2 is the MRI imaging window.

如图1、图2所示，本发明包括循环加载组件、磁共振扫描仪、数据终端；As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present invention includes a cyclic loading assembly, a magnetic resonance scanner, and a data terminal;

循环加载组件包括气缸1、病床5，气缸1传动连接推杆2，推杆2连接足套4，病床5顶面设有大腿绑带6、小腿绑带7、固定夹具8，推杆2与足套4之间设有压力传感器3，气缸1与足套4之间设有位移传感器，足套4和气缸1、推杆2均为硬质塑料；The cyclic loading assembly includes acylinder 1, a hospital bed 5, thecylinder 1 is connected to thepush rod 2, and thepush rod 2 is connected to the foot cover 4. The upper surface of the hospital bed 5 is provided with athigh strap 6, acalf strap 7, a fixing fixture 8, and thepush rod 2 and the foot cover 4. Apressure sensor 3 is provided between the foot covers 4, a displacement sensor is provided between thecylinder 1 and the foot covers 4, and the foot covers 4, thecylinder 1, and thepush rod 2 are all hard plastics;

数据终端信号连接压力传感器3、位移传感器、气缸1、磁共振扫描仪，数据终端包括I/O装置、电子时钟、处理中心、计数器。The data terminal signal is connected to thepressure sensor 3, the displacement sensor, thecylinder 1, and the magnetic resonance scanner, and the data terminal includes an I/O device, an electronic clock, a processing center, and a counter.

位移传感器为二维激光位移传感器，用于测量足套4在加载方向上的位移量。The displacement sensor is a two-dimensional laser displacement sensor, which is used to measure the displacement of the foot cover 4 in the loading direction.

上述装置的使用方法，其包括以下步骤：The use method of above-mentioned device, it comprises the following steps:

S100、将膝关节平放在测试台上，足部由同加载装置固定连接的硬塑料足套4固定，膝关节保持伸直位，用木制夹具固定股骨以避免膝关节负载时身体在加载方向上的运动，使用大腿绑带6固定人体大腿，使用小腿绑带7固定人体小腿，在加载装置末端安装二维激光位移传感器以检测足套4在加载方向上的位移量；S100. Put the knee joint flat on the test platform, the foot is fixed by the hard plastic foot cover 4 fixedly connected with the loading device, the knee joint is kept in a straight position, and the femur is fixed with wooden clamps to prevent the body from being loaded when the knee joint is loaded For movement in the direction, use thethigh strap 6 to fix the human thigh, use thecalf strap 7 to fix the human calf, and install a two-dimensional laser displacement sensor at the end of the loading device to detect the displacement of the foot cover 4 in the loading direction;

S200、驱动气缸1对膝关节进行循环加载，载荷大小为F，单词载荷循环时间为T，循环次数为C，磁共振扫描仪选择位于膝关节内侧间室且股骨及胫骨侧软骨充分接触的矢状面进行，S200. Drive thecylinder 1 to perform cyclic loading on the knee joint. The magnitude of the load is F, the cycle time of the word load is T, and the number of cycles is C. The magnetic resonance scanner selects the sagittal area located in the medial compartment of the knee joint and fully in contact with the femoral and tibial side cartilage. face to face,

其中磁共振扫描仪为采用3.0T磁共振扫描仪以及带有位移编码影像处理的磁共振测试序列，采用电子触发装置同步MRI成像和膝关节循环加载装置，在序列中Among them, the magnetic resonance scanner is a 3.0T magnetic resonance scanner and a magnetic resonance test sequence with displacement coding image processing, and an electronic trigger device is used to synchronize MRI imaging and a knee joint cyclic loading device. In the sequence

其中，

为相位数据，Δx为位移变化，γ_H为旋磁比，t_enc为编码梯度持续时间，G_de为平面上x或y方向位移编码的梯度大小，G′_de为参考图像的梯度大小。in,

is the phase data, Δx is the displacement change, γ_H is the gyromagnetic ratio, t_enc is the encoding gradient duration, G_de is the gradient size of the displacement encoding in the x or y direction on the plane, and G′_de is the gradient size of the reference image.

步骤S200中，F为50％或100％患者的体重，T为5s或10s，C为50次、100次或200次。In step S200, F is 50% or 100% of the patient's body weight, T is 5s or 10s, and C is 50 times, 100 times or 200 times.

步骤S200中，位移编码MRI的编码梯度在平面上的2个方向均为0.33π/mm，并设定600ms的TM缓冲时间以确保MRI图像在载荷平台期获取。In step S200, the encoding gradient of the displacement-encoded MRI is 0.33π/mm in two directions on the plane, and a TM buffer time of 600 ms is set to ensure that the MRI images are acquired during the load plateau period.

步骤S200中，Single-shot fast spin echo序列TE时间为62/72/82ms，TR时间为5000ms，扫描FOV为180×180mm，矩阵大小为256×256/384×384/512×512pixels，层厚1mm，激励次数为16次。In step S200, the TE time of the Single-shot fast spin echo sequence is 62/72/82ms, the TR time is 5000ms, the scanning FOV is 180×180mm, the matrix size is 256×256/384×384/512×512pixels, and the layer thickness is 1mm , the number of incentives is 16 times.

当然，本发明还可有其它多种实施例，在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情况下，熟悉本领域的技术人员可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形，但这些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明所附的权利要求的保护范围。Certainly, the present invention also can have other multiple embodiments, without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and deformations according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes All changes and modifications should belong to the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

Translated fromChinese

1.一种膝关节动态成像装置，其特征在于：包括循环加载组件、磁共振扫描仪、数据终端；1. A knee joint dynamic imaging device, characterized in that: comprising a cyclic loading assembly, a magnetic resonance scanner, and a data terminal;循环加载组件包括气缸、病床，气缸传动连接推杆，推杆连接足套，病床顶面设有大腿绑带、小腿绑带、固定夹具，推杆与足套之间设有压力传感器，气缸与足套之间设有位移传感器；The cyclic loading assembly includes a cylinder, a hospital bed, a push rod connected to the cylinder transmission, and a foot cover connected to the push rod. There are thigh straps, calf straps, and fixing fixtures on the top surface of the hospital bed. A pressure sensor is provided between the push rod and the foot cover. There is a displacement sensor between the foot covers;数据终端信号连接压力传感器、位移传感器、气缸、磁共振扫描仪，数据终端包括I/O装置、电子时钟、处理中心、计数器；The data terminal signal is connected to the pressure sensor, displacement sensor, cylinder, and magnetic resonance scanner, and the data terminal includes I/O devices, electronic clocks, processing centers, and counters;所述成像装置的使用方法包括以下步骤：The method of using the imaging device comprises the following steps:S100、使用大腿绑带固定人体大腿，使用小腿绑带固定人体小腿，使用固定夹具固定人体股骨，患者穿戴足套；S100. Fix the thigh of the human body with a thigh strap, fix the calf of the human body with a calf strap, and fix the femur of the human body with a fixing fixture, and the patient wears a foot cover;S200、驱动气缸对膝关节进行循环加载，载荷大小为F，单次载荷循环时间为T，循环次数为C，磁共振扫描仪选择位于膝关节内侧间室且股骨及胫骨侧软骨充分接触的矢状面进行，S200. Drive the cylinder to perform cyclic loading on the knee joint. The magnitude of the load is F, the cycle time of a single load is T, and the number of cycles is C. The magnetic resonance scanner selects the sagittal area located in the inner compartment of the knee joint and fully in contact with the femoral and tibial side cartilage. face to face,其中磁共振扫描仪为采用3.0T磁共振扫描仪以及带有位移编码影像处理的磁共振测试序列:Wherein the magnetic resonance scanner is a magnetic resonance test sequence using a 3.0T magnetic resonance scanner and image processing with displacement encoding:

其中，

为相位数据，Δx为位移变化，γ_H为旋磁比，t_enc为编码梯度持续时间，G_de为平面上x或y方向位移编码的梯度大小，G′_de为参考图像的梯度大小。in,

is the phase data, Δx is the displacement change, γ_H is the gyromagnetic ratio, t_enc is the encoding gradient duration, G_de is the gradient size of the displacement encoding in the x or y direction on the plane, and G′_de is the gradient size of the reference image.2.根据权利要求1所述的成像装置，其特征在于：病床顶面为强摩擦结构。2. The imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the top surface of the hospital bed is a strong friction structure.3.根据权利要求1所述的成像装置，其特征在于：足套为硬质塑料。3. The imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the foot cover is made of hard plastic.4.根据权利要求1所述的成像装置，其特征在于：位移传感器为激光位移传感器。4. The imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the displacement sensor is a laser displacement sensor.5.根据权利要求1所述的成像装置，其特征在于：固定夹具为硬质塑料。5. The imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the fixing fixture is made of hard plastic.6.根据权利要求1所述的成像装置，其特征在于：位移传感器设于气缸外壁。6. The imaging device according to claim 1, wherein the displacement sensor is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder.7.根据权利要求1所述的成像装置，其特征在于：步骤S200中，F为50％或100％患者的体重，T为5s或10s，C为50次、100次或200次。7. The imaging device according to claim 1, wherein in step S200, F is 50% or 100% of the patient's body weight, T is 5s or 10s, and C is 50, 100 or 200 times.8.根据权利要求1所述的成像装置，其特征在于：步骤S200中，位移编码MRI的编码梯度在平面上的2个方向均为0.33π/mm，并设定600ms的TM缓冲时间以确保MRI图像在载荷平台期获取。8. The imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S200, the encoding gradient of the displacement encoding MRI is 0.33π/mm in two directions on the plane, and a TM buffer time of 600ms is set to ensure MRI images were acquired during the loading plateau.9.根据权利要求1所述的成像装置，其特征在于：步骤S200中，Single-shot fast spinecho序列TE时间为62/72/82ms，TR时间为5000ms，扫描FOV为180×180mm，矩阵大小为256×256/384×384/512×512pixels，层厚1mm，激励次数为16次。9. The imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S200, the TE time of the Single-shot fast spinecho sequence is 62/72/82ms, the TR time is 5000ms, the scanning FOV is 180×180mm, and the matrix size is 256×256/384×384/512×512pixels, layer thickness 1mm, excitation times 16 times.

Images