CN111137388A - Tricycle capable of turning laterally - Google Patents

Abstract

Translated fromChinese

本发明涉及一种“可侧倾转弯的倒三轮车”，由车身、底架、独立前悬架、后轮驱动及转向、制动、电控、照明和声光信号系统组成，两前轮导向，单后轮驱动整车，其特征是：底架连同车身和后轮驱动系统可相对于前悬架系统侧倾，前轮由转向节带动沿着转向主销上下滑动和转向，避免了现有倒三轮车的摆臂式可侧倾前悬架之结构复杂，造价高，安全性差的不足，可用于各种可侧倾或非倾斜转弯的车辆，故经济技术价值较高。

The invention relates to an "inverted tricycle capable of rolling and turning". , single rear-wheel drive vehicle, which is characterized in that: the bottom frame together with the body and the rear-wheel drive system can be tilted relative to the front suspension system, and the front wheel is driven by the steering knuckle to slide and steer up and down along the steering kingpin, avoiding the current situation. The swing arm type rollable front suspension of the inverted tricycle has the disadvantages of complex structure, high cost and poor safety. It can be used for various vehicles that can roll or turn without leaning, so the economic and technical value is high.

Description

Tricycle capable of turning laterally

Technical Field

The invention relates to a tricycle capable of turning in a side-tipping manner, in particular to a tricycle capable of turning in a side-tipping manner and provided with a non-swing arm type independent front suspension.

Background

At present, there are two main types of inverted tricycles which are shown on the market and in various documents: non-side-turnable and side-turnable tricycle. The inverted tricycle which can not turn by tilting is composed of two A-type swing arms, a hydraulic shock absorber and various connecting pieces, is left and right independent front suspension devices, is guided by double front wheels, and drives a single rear wheel to drive the whole tricycle to run by a motor or an internal combustion engine. The other type of inverted tricycle capable of turning in a heeling mode still adopts an A-shaped swing arm, a hydraulic shock absorber and a related connecting piece as a basis, the swing arms on the left side and the right side respectively form a three-dimensional quadrangle, the three-dimensional quadrangles on the two sides control the swing arms on the two sides through the hydraulic shock absorbers in transverse connection to form a dynamic parallelogram motion, so that two front wheels and the whole tricycle can randomly tilt, a balanced centrifugal force can be controlled during turning of the tricycle, and safety accidents of outward rollover are reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a side-tipping and turning tricycle which is simpler in structure, lower in manufacturing cost and better in safety, controllability and comfort, so as to overcome the defects of complex structure, high manufacturing cost, non-ideal safety and other performances of the existing similar tricycle.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the tricycle that falls that can heels and turn comprises automobile body, chassis, independent front suspension system, rear wheel actuating system, a steering system, braking system, illumination and acoustic-optical signal system, electrical apparatus control system, instrument desk, seat, by the direction of two front wheels of symmetrical single rear wheel arrangement, single rear wheel drive whole car is gone forward and is backed a car, characterized by: the chassis, the vehicle body and the rear wheel driving system are connected, a driver can roll left and right relative to the independent front suspension system, when the vehicle turns, the driver can control the chassis to roll inwards to generate centripetal force component to balance centrifugal force during turning and reduce safety accidents of outward rollover during turning of the vehicle, the independent front suspension system comprises a frame movably connected or permanently fixed left and right suspension devices, the left and right suspension devices can move independently, when left and right front wheels pass through uneven road surfaces, the left and right suspension devices are not influenced mutually, so that the vehicle can run more stably, the left and right suspension devices of the independent front suspension system comprise steering main pins, steering knuckles, thrust bearings and spiral springs, the steering main pins are movably connected to the upper ends and the lower ends of left and right supports of the frame, the steering knuckles are sleeved outside the lower sections of the steering main pins, steering arms are arranged on the steering knuckles, and the left and right steering arms realize front wheel steering under the push-, the upper end of the steering knuckle is movably connected with a thrust bearing and a spiral spring which are sleeved outside a steering main pin, the spiral spring plays a role in bearing and buffering, a bush or a linear bearing which can be injected with lubricant is arranged in the steering knuckle so that the steering knuckle drives a front wheel to be light and flexible to steer, a transverse baffle of an independent front suspension system is movably connected with or permanently fixed with a seat plate, the seat plate is connected with a steering component or a gear rack steering machine of a steering swing arm and then connected with a steering transverse pull rod, a steering arm and a direction control component to realize steering, a transverse baffle of a frame is movably connected with or permanently fixed with a cylindrical seat, the cylindrical seat is movably connected with a thrust shaft at the front end of an underframe and can deflect relatively, when a vehicle turns, the underframe, a vehicle body and a rear wheel driving system can roll left and right relative to the independent front suspension system along the center of the cylindrical seat, the bush or/and the bearing are arranged in the cylindrical seat, the two front wheels of the non-swing arm type independent front suspension system are driven by a steering knuckle to freely slide and deflect up and down along a steering main pin, the two front wheels are always kept in a vertical state with the ground, the tire surfaces of the two front wheels can be in good contact with the ground, a good ground grabbing effect is kept, and the two front wheels are not easy to sideslip when in turning; the cylindrical seat is arranged in the independent front suspension system or the front end of the underframe, or the thrust shaft is arranged in the independent front suspension system or the front end of the underframe, and the cylindrical seat and the thrust shaft need to be matched into a connecting pair so as to normally connect, restrain and transmit the action of front and rear push-pull forces; the rear wheel driving system is driven by taking a wheel drum motor as power or a motor as power through a transmission part or is driven by taking an oil engine as power through the transmission part; the body is removed, and an open type inverted tricycle can be formed; the direction control is disc type or handle type; the structure of the independent front suspension system can be used for various vehicles which can roll or turn obliquely; the non-swing arm type independent front suspension system has the advantages of simple structure, less connecting pieces, lower manufacturing cost, less faults and better safety and comfort; because the force application point of the rear wheel driving chassis and the force application point of the chassis pushing the independent front suspension system are basically on the same horizontal plane, the rigidity is better, the transmission efficiency of the pushing force and the pulling force is higher, the pushing force of two front wheels of the existing inverted tricycle is transmitted through the long cantilever beam, and the efficiency is reduced.

The invention brings the technical and economic effects that: the structure of the non-swing arm type independent front suspension is adopted, two front wheels are driven by a steering knuckle to freely slide and deflect up and down along a steering main pin, and compared with a connecting piece used by the swing arm type independent front suspension, the structure is simpler, the manufacturing cost is lower, the faults are fewer, the safety is better, the front tire tread can be well contacted with the ground, the ground gripping performance is better, the sideslip phenomenon is not easy to generate, and the controllability and the comfort are improved; the chassis, the vehicle body and the rear wheel driving system are tilted relative to the independent front suspension system through the movable connection of the cylindrical seat and the thrust shaft, and compared with the existing vehicle, the vehicle tilting mechanism has the advantages of simpler structure, lower manufacturing cost and better thrust transmission effect.

The following detailed description of specific embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a general perspective view of a tricycle capable of turning in a side-tipping manner

FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the connection between the undercarriage and the independent front suspension system

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an independent front suspension system

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a vehicle body structure

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the bottom frame structure

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a rear wheel drive system

FIG. 7 is a right side view of a tricycle capable of turning in a lateral direction

FIG. 8 is a top view of a tricycle capable of turning in a side-tipping manner

FIG. 9 is a front view of a reversible tricycle capable of turning in a lateral direction

Detailed Description

FIG. 1 is a general perspective view of a tricycle capable of turning in a side-tilting manner, and with reference to FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, the structure and connection relationship of the tricycle are described, wherein the tricycle is composed of a tricycle body (1), an underframe (2), an independent front suspension system (3), a rear wheel drive system (4), a steering system, a braking system, a lighting and sound-light signal system, an instrument desk, an electrical control system and a seat, and is guided by two front wheels (5) symmetrically arranged on a single rear wheel, the single rear wheel drives the tricycle to move forward and back, the underframe (2) is movably connected with cylindrical seats (3-8) on transverse bars of the independent front suspension system (3) through a thrust shaft (2-2) at the front end to realize that the underframe (2) together with the tricycle body (1) and the rear wheel drive system (4) side-tilt relative to the independent front suspension system (3), and a connection point at the middle part of the underframe (2) is movably connected with the front end of a flat fork of the, the force transmitted to the chassis (2) by the rear wheel driving system (4) is transmitted to the front independent suspension system (3) and then drives the two front wheels (5) to roll, the corresponding positions of the vehicle body (1) and the chassis (2) are movably connected or permanently fixed, the chassis (2) is movably connected or permanently fixed with a direction control support (2-1), the upper end of the direction control support (2-1) is movably connected with a steering wheel (6) or a handle for direction control, the direction control support (2-1) is movably connected with a steering shaft and a steering transmission shaft, two ends of the steering transmission shaft are connected with adjacent parts through universal joints and can axially extend and retract, the steering transmission shaft is movably connected with a steering swing arm (3-9) or a rack-and pinion steering gear through a universal joint, the steering swing arm (3-9) or the rack-pinion steering gear is movably connected with a steering arm (3-7) on the steering joint (3-6) through a steering cross pull rod, the steering of the two front wheels is realized, a disc brake or drum brake device and a front wheel assembly are movably connected to a steering knuckle (3-6) of the independent front suspension system (3), a disc brake or drum brake device is movably connected to the rear wheel, and related fittings of the front and rear wheel brake systems are completely installed to realize the braking of the whole vehicle. The vehicle body is provided with a lighting lamp, an acousto-optic signal assembly, an instrument desk and a wiper assembly in a matching way, and the instrument desk is provided with control and display accessories. The tricycle body is removed, and an open type inverted tricycle can be formed.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of the connection relationship between the chassis (2) and the independent front suspension system (3), wherein the chassis (2) is movably connected with the cylindrical seat (3-8) of the independent front suspension system (3) through a thrust shaft (2-2) at the front end and can deflect relatively.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an independent front suspension system (3), which is composed of a frame (3-1) connected with left and right suspension devices, so that the left and right suspension devices can move independently, when left and right front wheels (5) pass through uneven road surfaces, the vehicle can run more stably, a transverse bar of the independent front suspension system (3) is movably connected with or permanently fixed with a seat plate (3-2), the seat plate (3-2) is connected with a steering component or a rack and pinion steering gear of a steering swing arm (3-9), the left and right suspension devices of the independent front suspension system (3) are composed of a steering main pin (3-3), a steering knuckle (3-6), a thrust bearing (3-5) and a spiral spring (3-4), the steering knuckle (3-6) is sleeved outside the lower section of the steering main pin (3-3), and the steering arm (3-7) is arranged on the steering knuckle (3-6), the left and right steering arms realize the steering of the front wheel (5) under the push-pull of a steering tie rod, the upper end of a steering knuckle (3-6) is movably connected with a thrust bearing (3-5) and a spiral spring (3-4) and is sleeved outside a steering main pin (3-3), a bush or a linear bearing which can be injected with lubricant is arranged in the steering knuckle (3-6) so that the steering knuckle (3-6) drives the front wheel (5) to be light and flexible to steer, the spiral spring (3-4) plays a role in bearing and buffering, the steering main pin (3-3) is movably connected to the upper end and the lower end of a left support and a right support of a frame (3-1), the frame (3-1) is movably connected with or permanently fixed with a cylindrical seat (3-8), the cylindrical seat (3-8) is movably connected with a thrust shaft (2-2) at the front end of an underframe (2) and can deflect relatively, when the vehicle turns, the underframe (2) together with the vehicle body (1) and the rear wheel drive system (4) can roll left and right along the center of the cylindrical seat (3-8) relative to the independent front suspension system (3), a bush or/and a bearing which can be filled with lubricant is arranged in the cylindrical seat (3-8), a thrust bearing is arranged between the cylindrical seat (3-8) and the thrust shaft (2-2) in the axial direction so as to deflect flexibly, and the frame (3-1) is transversely blocked or movably connected or permanently fixed with the thrust shaft and matched with the cylindrical seat at the front end of the underframe (2) to form a connecting pair so as to be connected normally.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle body (1), which is formed by welding metal or nonmetal pipes and profiles to form a framework, movably connecting or permanently fixing a metal or nonmetal covering part on the surface, movably connecting or permanently fixing the parts (1-1), (1-2) and (1-3) to corresponding positions of a chassis (2), and installing a lighting lamp, an acousto-optic signal assembly, an instrument desk and a wiper assembly on the vehicle body in a matched manner, and installing control, display and control accessories on the instrument desk.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the chassis (2), a thrust shaft (2-2) at the front end of the chassis (2) is used for connecting a cylindrical seat (3-8) of an independent front suspension system (3), a connection point (2-3) on the chassis (2) is connected with the front end of a flat fork (4-1) of a rear wheel drive system (4), a direction control support (2-1) is movably connected or permanently fixed on the chassis (2), a seat and a cushion and a matching part of a braking and power system are movably connected on the chassis (2), and a thrust shaft or a cylindrical seat is movably connected or permanently fixed at the front end of the chassis (2) and matched with the cylindrical seat or the thrust shaft on the independent front suspension system (3) to form a connection pair so as to normally connect and play a role in restraining and transmitting front and rear push-pull forces.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a rear wheel driving system (4), which comprises a bottom fork (4-1), a rear wheel (4-2) and a hydraulic shock absorber with a spiral spring (4-3), wherein the front end of the bottom fork (4-1) is movably connected with a connection point (2-3) of the bottom frame (2) and transmits the force of pushing and pulling to enable the whole vehicle to run forwards and backwards, the lower end of the hydraulic shock absorber with the spiral spring (4-3) is movably connected with the rear end of the bottom fork (4-1), the upper end of the hydraulic shock absorber with the spiral spring is movably connected with the bottom frame (2), a disc brake or a drum brake part is matched on the rear wheel (4-2), and the rear wheel driving system (4) is driven by a wheel drum motor or a fuel engine or a transmission piece.

Fig. 7 is a right view of the inverted tricycle capable of turning in a side-tilting manner, and the structure and the position relation can be conveniently checked during manufacturing.

Fig. 8 shows the top view of the tricycle capable of turning laterally and turning upside down, which is convenient for checking the structure and position relationship during manufacturing.

FIG. 9 is a front view of an inverted tricycle capable of turning in a sideways direction, showing a left-sided sideways attitude and structural and positional relationships, for viewing and reference during manufacture.

Claims (6)

Translated fromChinese

1.可侧倾转弯的倒三轮车，由车身(1)、底架(2)、独立前悬架系统(3)、后轮驱动系统(4)、转向系统、制动系统、照明及声光信号系统、电器控制系统、仪表台、座椅组成，由对称于单后轮布置的两个前轮(5)导向，单后轮(4-2)驱动整车向前行驶和倒车，其特征是：底架(2)连同车身(1)和后轮驱动系统(4)、驾驶员可以相对于独立前悬架系统(3)左右侧倾，车辆转弯时，通过驾驶员的操控即可向内侧倾产生向心分力，以平衡转弯时的离心力，减少车辆转弯时向外侧翻的安全事故，独立前悬架系统(3)由一个框架(3-1)活动连接或永久固定左右悬挂装置，并使左右悬挂装置相互独立活动，当左右前轮(5)通过不平路面时互不影响，以便车辆行驶更加稳定，独立前悬架系统(3)的左右悬挂装置由转向主销(3-3)、转向节(3-6)、推力轴承(3-5)、螺旋弹簧(3-4)组成，转向主销(3-3)活动连接到框架(3-1)的左右支座的上下端，转向节(3-6)套在转向主销(3-3)下段外，转向节(3-6)上有转向臂(3-7)，左右转向臂在转向横拉杆的推拉下实现前轮(5)转向，转向节(3-6)上端活动连接有推力轴承(3-5)和螺旋弹簧(3-4)，并套在转向主销(3-3)外，螺旋弹簧(3-4)起承重和缓冲作用，转向节(3-6)内有可注入润滑剂的衬套或直线轴承，以使转向节(3-6)带动前轮(5)轻便、灵活转向，独立前悬架系统(3)的横挡上活动连接或永久固定座板(3-2)，座板(3-2)上连接带转向摆臂(3-9)的转向部件或齿轮齿条方向机，再连接转向横拉杆、转向臂(3-7)和方向控制部件即可实现转向，框架(3-1)横挡上活动连接或永久固定筒型座(3-8)，筒型座(3-8)活动连接底架(2)前端的推力轴(2-2)，并能相对偏转，车辆转弯时，底架(2)连同车身(1)和后轮驱动系统(4)即可沿着筒型座(3-8)中心相对于独立前悬架系统(3)左右侧倾，筒型座(3-8)内有衬套或/和轴承，筒型座(3-8)和推力轴(2-2)的轴向之间装有轴承，以便灵活偏转，底架(2)和独立前悬架系统(3)间有弹簧或带弹簧的液压减震器柔性连接，以利于车辆行驶时灵活侧倾和防止车辆停靠时侧翻，本非摆臂式独立前悬架系统(3)可使两前轮(5)始终与地面保持垂直状态，能使两前轮(5)胎面与地面良好接触，保持良好抓地效果，转弯时不易侧滑。1. An inverted tricycle capable of rolling and turning, consisting of a body (1), an underframe (2), an independent front suspension system (3), a rear-wheel drive system (4), a steering system, a braking system, lighting and sound and light The signal system, the electrical control system, the instrument panel and the seat are composed of two front wheels (5) arranged symmetrically to the single rear wheel, and the single rear wheel (4-2) drives the whole vehicle to drive forward and reverse. Yes: the chassis (2) together with the body (1) and the rear wheel drive system (4), the driver can roll left and right relative to the independent front suspension system (3), and when the vehicle turns, the driver can control the steering wheel. The inclination produces a centripetal force to balance the centrifugal force when turning and reduce the safety accident of the vehicle turning to the outside when turning. The independent front suspension system (3) is movably connected by a frame (3-1) or permanently fixed left and right suspension devices , and make the left and right suspension devices move independently of each other. When the left and right front wheels (5) pass through uneven roads, they do not affect each other, so that the vehicle travels more stably. The left and right suspension devices of the independent front suspension system (3) are driven by the steering kingpin (3- 3), the steering knuckle (3-6), the thrust bearing (3-5), the coil spring (3-4), the steering king pin (3-3) is movably connected to the left and right supports of the frame (3-1). At the upper and lower ends, the steering knuckle (3-6) is sleeved outside the lower section of the steering king pin (3-3), the steering knuckle (3-6) has steering arms (3-7), and the left and right steering arms are pushed and pulled by the steering tie rod. To realize the steering of the front wheel (5), the upper end of the steering knuckle (3-6) is movably connected with a thrust bearing (3-5) and a coil spring (3-4), and is sleeved outside the steering kingpin (3-3), and the coil spring (3-4) It plays the role of load-bearing and buffering. The steering knuckle (3-6) has a bushing or linear bearing that can be injected with lubricant, so that the steering knuckle (3-6) can drive the front wheel (5) lightly and flexibly. , the crosspiece of the independent front suspension system (3) is movably connected or permanently fixed to the seat plate (3-2), the seat plate (3-2) is connected to the steering member or gear tooth with the steering swing arm (3-9) After connecting the steering rod, steering arm (3-7) and direction control components, the steering can be realized. The frame (3-1) can be movably connected or permanently fixed on the crosspiece of the cylinder seat (3-8). The type seat (3-8) is movably connected to the thrust shaft (2-2) at the front end of the chassis (2), and can be deflected relatively. When the vehicle turns, the chassis (2) together with the body (1) and the rear-wheel drive system (4) ) can be tilted left and right relative to the independent front suspension system (3) along the center of the barrel seat (3-8), the barrel seat (3-8) has a bushing or/and a bearing, and the barrel seat (3-8) -8) A bearing is installed between the axial direction of the thrust shaft (2-2) for flexible deflection, and a spring or a hydraulic shock absorber with spring is provided between the bottom frame (2) and the independent front suspension system (3) The non-swing arm type independent front suspension system (3) can keep the two front wheels (5) in a vertical state with the ground all the time, so that the two front The tread of the wheel (5) is in good contact with the ground, maintains a good grip effect, and is not easy to side-slip when cornering.2.根据独立权利要求1，其特征是是：筒型座(3-8)设置在独立前悬架系统(3)中或底架(2)前端，或者推力轴(2-2)设置在独立前悬架系统(3)中或底架(2)前端，筒型座(3-8)和推力轴(2-2)需匹配成连接副，以便正常连接、约束和传递前后推拉力的作用。2. According to the independent claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cylindrical seat (3-8) is arranged in the independent front suspension system (3) or the front end of the chassis (2), or the thrust shaft (2-2) is arranged in the In the independent front suspension system (3) or the front end of the chassis (2), the cylindrical seat (3-8) and the thrust shaft (2-2) need to be matched to form a connection pair, so as to connect, constrain and transmit the front and rear push-pull forces normally. effect.3.根据独立权利要求1，其特征是后轮驱动系统(4)由轮鼓电机为动力驱动或电动机通过传动件为动力驱动或由燃油机通过传动件为动力驱动。3. According to the independent claim 1, it is characterized in that the rear wheel drive system (4) is driven by the wheel drum motor or the electric motor is driven by the transmission part or driven by the fuel engine through the transmission part.4.根据独立权利要求1，其特征是：去除车身(1)，可形成敞开式倒三轮车。4. According to the independent claim 1, it is characterized in that: by removing the body (1), an open-type inverted tricycle can be formed.5.根据独立权利要求1，其特征是：方向控制为盘式(6)或手把式。5. According to the independent claim 1, it is characterized in that: the direction control is a disc type (6) or a handle type.6.根据独立权利要求1，其特征是：独立前悬架系统(3)的结构，可用于各种可侧倾或非倾斜转弯的车辆。6. According to the independent claim 1, it is characterized in that: the structure of the independent front suspension system (3) can be used for various vehicles that can roll or turn without leaning.

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