CN111077413A - Three-phase transient current-based small current grounding system fault phase selection and line selection method - Google Patents
Three-phase transient current-based small current grounding system fault phase selection and line selection methodDownload PDFInfo
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- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
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Abstract
Translated fromChinese
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of fault line selection and phase selection of a power system, and relates to a fault phase selection and line selection method of a low-current grounding system based on three-phase transient current.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
At present, a power distribution network is mainly a low-current grounding system, and the grounding mode has the advantages that when a single-phase grounding fault occurs, the system can still continue to operate for a period of time, and high power supply reliability can be guaranteed. However, due to the continuous development of modern power distribution networks, the capacitance current of the system is continuously increased, so that the arc current at a fault point is difficult to self-extinguish, and the arc overvoltage can reduce the insulation of equipment, so that a single-phase earth fault is likely to develop into a two-phase short circuit or even a three-phase short circuit, and the personal safety and the equipment safety are threatened. It is therefore necessary to quickly and accurately locate and isolate the faulty line.
When a single-phase earth fault occurs in a low-current earth system, the phase selection and line selection algorithm based on steady-state characteristic quantity has poor effect in practical application due to weak current and unstable electric arc.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a three-phase transient current-based small current grounding system fault phase selection and line selection method.
According to some embodiments, the following technical scheme is adopted in the disclosure:
a three-phase transient current-based small current grounding system fault phase selection and line selection method comprises the following steps:
collecting three-phase current data of a bus and a branch, and monitoring a secondary side voltage value of a zero sequence PT at the bus;
when the voltage of the zero sequence PT secondary side at the bus exceeds a set voltage value, judging that a single-phase earth fault occurs;
calculating the transient current of each phase of all the lines, calculating the grey correlation degree of three-phase transient current components at the bus, and judging the phase with the minimum average grey correlation degree as a fault phase;
carrying out wavelet packet multilayer decomposition on the three-phase transient current of each branch, calculating energy of each sub-band of the healthy phase transient current of each line, finding out the sub-band with the maximum healthy phase current energy of each line, and taking the frequency band as a characteristic frequency band of the line;
and carrying out wavelet packet reconstruction on the three-phase transient current of the branch in the characteristic frequency band, calculating the energy ratio of the reconstructed fault phase to the healthy phase current, and if the ratio of a certain line is greater than a set value, judging the line as a fault line.
As a further limitation, the sampling frequency when collecting the three-phase current data of the bus and the branch is constant, and the sampling frequency of each branch is the same.
By way of further limitation, the transient current of the ith line j phase is the difference between the current of the cycle after the ith line j phase fault and the current of the cycle before the fault.
By way of further limitation, the energy of each sub-band of the healthy phase transient current of each line is:
wherein ω isj(n) represents a decomposition coefficient at the jth sub-band.
As a further limitation, the energy ratio of the reconstructed fault phase to the healthy phase current is calculated as follows:
wherein ξ (m) is the coefficient of the fault phase current after reconstruction, and η (m) is the coefficient of the healthy phase current after reconstruction.
Three-phase transient current-based small current grounding system fault phase selection and line selection system comprises:
the sampling module is configured to acquire three-phase current data of a bus and a branch and monitor a secondary side voltage value of a zero sequence PT at the bus;
the single-phase earth fault judgment module is configured to judge that a single-phase earth fault occurs when the voltage of the zero-sequence PT secondary side at the bus exceeds a set voltage value;
the fault phase judgment module is configured to calculate transient currents of all lines in each phase, calculate grey correlation degrees of three-phase transient current components at a bus and judge one phase with the minimum average grey correlation degree as a fault phase;
the fault line judgment module is configured to perform wavelet packet multilayer decomposition on the three-phase transient current of each branch, calculate energy of each sub-band of the healthy phase transient current of each line, find out the sub-band with the maximum healthy phase current energy of each line, and take the frequency band as a characteristic frequency band of the line;
and carrying out wavelet packet reconstruction on the three-phase transient current of the branch in the characteristic frequency band, calculating the energy ratio of the reconstructed fault phase to the healthy phase current, and if the ratio of a certain line is greater than a set value, judging the line as a fault line.
A computer readable storage medium having stored therein a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor of a terminal device and to perform the steps of the method for three-phase transient current based low current grounding system fault phase and line selection.
A terminal device comprising a processor and a computer readable storage medium, the processor being configured to implement instructions; the computer readable storage medium is used for storing a plurality of instructions, and the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing the steps of the three-phase transient current-based small current grounding system fault phase selection and line selection method.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:
according to the method, the fault phase and the fault line can be judged only by utilizing the three-phase current magnitude, and no zero sequence CT or zero sequence PT is additionally added.
The disclosure only relates to sequence net port current and voltage and fault resistance R in the theoretical derivation processfIs irrelevant, so even in the case of intermittent arc grounding, RfIs still applicable when being a variable, and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and are not to limit the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is an additional fault condition equivalent network diagram;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transient current flow loop;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of the present disclosure;
the specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present disclosure is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The new processing mode of the power distribution network operation regulation for the single-phase earth fault of the small current grounding system is changed from 'allowing continuous operation with fault for 2 hours' to 'line selection tripping', and a fault phase and a fault line are accurately and quickly found out.
The main technical problems include the following:
(1) and analyzing the transient currents of the three phases A, B and C to find out the distinguishing characteristics of the transient currents of the healthy phase and the fault phase. And identifying the fault phase by using the found fault characteristics.
(2) And analyzing the three-phase transient current of each line to find out the distinguishing characteristics of the three-phase transient current of the sound line and the fault line. And identifying the fault line by using the found fault characteristics.
Firstly, we perform fault phase and healthy phase transient current feature analysis:
the symmetric component method can be used for steady-state calculation of the single-phase earth fault and transient calculation. The difference is that the steady-state computation is performed in the time domain, whereas the transient computation needs to be performed in the complex frequency domain.
The single phase grounding fault network can be decomposed into a normal operation network and a network with additional fault state by using the superposition principle. And the transient process is determined to be the additional fault state network, so the additional fault state network can be analyzed by using a symmetrical component method in a complex frequency domain.
When a phase-A grounding fault occurs on a certain line of the resonant grounding power distribution network system, fault boundary conditions in a complex frequency domain can be written as follows:
in the formula:
is a Laplace transform phase function of the phase voltage A at the fault point f;
is the Laplace transform phase function of the current at the fault point f;
and
is a laplace transform phase function of the phase B and phase C currents at fault point f. RfIs a ground resistor.
The three-phase voltage and current at the fault point f are decomposed into positive and negative zero-sequence symmetrical components by a symmetrical component method, and then the formula (1) can be arranged as follows:
in the formula:
the Laplace transform phase function of positive and negative zero sequence current at a fault point f is obtained;
is a Laplace transform phase function of positive and negative zero sequence voltages at a fault point f.
Let the instantaneous voltage before A-phase fault be
Based on the boundary conditions of equation (2), an additional fault status network can be made as shown in FIG. 1.
From FIG. 1, it can be seen that:
according to the symmetrical component method, the voltages of the two phases B and C (healthy phase) at the fault point f are as follows:
voltage at bus bar neglecting line voltage drop
Equal to the voltage at the fault point f
Then the following holds:
the positive sequence impedance and the negative sequence impedance can be considered to be equal, and formula (3) is taken into formula (5), so that the formula is simplified to obtain:
inverse laplace transform is performed on both ends of equation (6) to obtain:
after a single-phase ground fault occurs, the B, C-phase (healthy phase) capacitance-to-ground current flowing through any line i can be expressed by the following formula:
from formula (8):
by substituting formula (7) for formula (9), it is possible to obtain:
according to the instantaneous voltage before the A-phase fault, the instantaneous earth capacitance current before the A-phase fault flowing through any line i can be obtained as follows:
by substituting formula (11) for formula (10), it is possible to obtain:
formula (12) indicates that: b-phase transient capacitance current I of any line when single-phase earth fault occurs at A-phase f pointiB(t) the current can be measured by the C-phase transient capacitance current I of the present circuitiC(t) capacitive current to ground I relative to A at the moment before the faultiA(t-) And (4) synthesizing. Due to IiA(t-) The transient capacitance current of the B phase and the C phase has the same transient process because of the steady-state current of the fundamental wave.
Therefore, the fault phase can be identified by utilizing the similarity of the transient phase currents of the healthy phases. The specific criteria are as follows: and comparing the similarity of the three-phase transient phase currents at the bus, wherein the two phases with the highest similarity are healthy phases, and the other phase is a fault phase.
And then carrying out three-phase transient current characteristic analysis on the fault line and the sound line:
when a single-phase earth fault occurs in a power distribution network, besides the original load current, a high-frequency transient phase current caused by sudden reduction of a fault phase voltage and sudden increase of a non-fault phase voltage exists in a fault phase. The distribution of the transient current is shown in fig. 2.
When a single-phase earth fault occurs to the power distribution network with only one feeder line, the transient phase current of the fault phase is equal to the sum of the transient phase currents of 2 healthy phases, namely the transient phase current of the fault phase is equal to 2 times of the transient phase current of any healthy phase; when the distribution network is provided with a plurality of feeder lines, the transient phase current of the fault phase of the fault line is 2 times larger than that of the healthy phase of the fault line due to the boosting effect of the healthy phase current of the healthy line.
Defining:
in the formula IfFor fault phase transient current, IhIs a healthy phase transient current.
For a faulty line, the faulty signature k ≧ 2. It should be noted that the compensation effect of the arc suppression coil is not considered in the above analysis because the inductance current generated by the arc suppression coil is composed of a power frequency component and a decaying direct current component, and the high-frequency transient phase current has a large difference in frequency band, so that the effect of the arc suppression coil can be ignored. Therefore, the fault line selection algorithm provided by the embodiment is suitable for both an ungrounded system and an arc suppression coil system.
The frequency component of the transient state quantity is very complex, the influence of the structure and parameters of the network is large, and the frequency bands of transient state phase current energy concentration of each line are not necessarily the same. Improper selection of the characteristic frequency band can cause misjudgment of a fault line selection algorithm. The characteristic frequency band selection should satisfy the following two principles:
1) for a healthy line, the ratio of the faulted phase to the healthy phase is significantly less than 2 within the characteristic frequency band.
2) For a faulty line, the ratio of the faulty phase to the healthy phase is significantly greater than 2 within the characteristic frequency band.
Specifically, the frequency band in which the transient current energy is most concentrated in the robust phase should be selected as the characteristic frequency band. In the characteristic frequency band, because the energy of the healthy phase is concentrated, the principle that the ratio of the fault phase and the healthy phase of the healthy line is obviously less than 2 can be met; and because the energy of the fault phase in the fault line is far greater than that of the healthy phase, the principle that the ratio of the fault phase to the healthy phase of the fault line is obviously less than 2 is also met in the characteristic frequency band. It is particularly noted that for the crowbar coil system, the frequency band containing the power frequency is removed when the characteristic frequency band is selected.
Comprehensive algorithm for fault phase selection and line selection
When a single-phase earth fault occurs in the power distribution network, the basic steps of the fault phase selection and line selection comprehensive algorithm provided by the embodiment are as follows, and a flowchart is shown in fig. 3.
1) Collecting three-phase current data of a bus and a branch, wherein the sampling frequency is 10kHz, and continuously monitoring the secondary side voltage value of zero sequence PT at the bus;
2) and when the voltage of the zero sequence PT secondary side at the bus exceeds 15V, judging that the single-phase earth fault occurs.
3) Calculating transient current of each phase of all lines
Wherein
The current of the cycle before the j-phase fault of the ith line,
for a cycle of current after an I-th line j-phase fault, e.g. △ I3-BRepresents the transient current, Δ I, of phase B ofline 3bus-CRepresenting the transient current of the C phase at the bus.
4) For three-phase transient current component delta I at busbus-A、ΔIbus-BAnd Δ Ibus-CAnd performing grey correlation calculation.
ΔIbus-A、ΔIbus-BAnd Δ Ibus-CThe sampling frequency of (2) is 10kHz, and the sampling frequency of (0.02s) is 200 sampling points in a cycle
ΔIbus-A＝{ΔIbus-A(1),ΔIbus-A(2),…,ΔIbus-A(200)}
ΔIbus-B＝{ΔIbus-B(1),ΔIbus-B(2),…,ΔIbus-B(200)}
ΔIbus-C＝{ΔIbus-C(1),ΔIbus-C(2),…,ΔIbus-C(200)}
With A-phase and B-phase transient currents Δ Ibus-AAnd Δ Ibus-BFor example, the gray correlation ε is describedABThe calculation process of (2):
calculating the grey correlation degree of transient currents of the A phase and the B phase:
can calculate epsilon in the same wayAC，εBA，εBC，εCAAnd εCBFurther calculate the gray correlation matrix
Calculate the average Grey correlation for each phase
And
and determining the phase as a fault phase by which the average grey correlation degree of the phase is minimum.
5) Performing wavelet packet (db 6 wavelet is selected) 5-layer decomposition (of course, in other embodiments, the number of decomposed layers may be changed) on the three-phase transient current of each branch, and calculating the energy of each sub-band of the healthy phase transient current of each line by using the following formula:
in the formula: omegaj(n) represents a decomposition coefficient at the jth sub-band.
And finding out the sub-band with the maximum healthy phase current energy of each line, and taking the sub-band as the characteristic band of the line.
6) Wavelet packet reconstruction is carried out on the three-phase transient current of the branch circuit in the characteristic frequency band, and the energy ratio of the reconstructed fault phase and the healthy phase current is calculated by the following formula:
wherein ξ (m) is the coefficient of the fault phase current after reconstruction, and η (m) is the coefficient of the healthy phase current after reconstruction.
If the ratio K of a certain line is more than or equal to 2, the line can be considered as a fault line.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and so forth) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present disclosure is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
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