CN111068927B

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Publication number: CN111068927B
Application number: CN201911358135.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张昌健; 杨成文; 杨郭; 胡乃涛; 史玉林
Original assignee: Yantai Kingman Investment Co ltd
Current assignee: Yantai Kingman Investment Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-25
Filing date: 2019-12-25
Publication date: 2021-09-17
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-25
Also published as: CN111068927A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mineral flotation, and discloses a flotation reagent for improving the flotation recovery rate and the grade of gold concentrate. The flotation reagent comprises, by weight, 10-15 parts of a collecting agent, 2-3 parts of an auxiliary collecting agent, 50-70 parts of an activating agent, 20-40 parts of a foaming agent, 3-6 parts of an inhibitor and 2-4 parts of an oxidizing agent; the collecting agent is at least one of thiourea, dialkyl-thiophosphate and isoamyl xanthate; the auxiliary collecting agent is 25# black powder; the activating agent is one of copper sulfate, lead sulfate and lead nitrate; the foaming agent is one of second oil, polyglycol ether and methyl isobutyl carbinol; the inhibitor is one of guar gum and hydroxymethyl cellulose; and the oxidizing agent is one of potassium permanganate and hydrogen peroxide. The flotation reagent has the advantages that the compound flotation reagent is adopted, all reagents generate the synergistic effect, the concentration of concentration is reduced by 1.4% while the dosage is reduced, and the recovery rate of gold is increased to 96.1%; and automatic control is adopted, control is accurate, and the flotation reagent is prevented from being excessive.

Description

Flotation reagent and beneficiation method for improving flotation recovery rate and gold concentrate grade

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral flotation, and particularly relates to a flotation reagent for improving the flotation recovery rate and improving the gold concentrate grade.

Background

Gold and silver are precious rare metals, are also indispensable important resources in economic development and daily life, and play a vital role in international finance, so that all countries in the world pay great attention to the production and processing of gold and silver. With the rapid development of economy in China, the production and consumption of gold and silver are increasing day by day, and the yield of gold and silver is urgently needed to be increased. The associated gold and silver minerals in the non-ferrous metal mineral resources are one of the important sources of gold and silver, so that the improvement of the recovery rate of the gold and silver in the non-ferrous metal mineral resources has great significance.

At present, in a flotation method for flotation of gold and silver ores, a common process method adopts flotation operation of once roughing, twice scavenging and twice concentrating, and in the flotation process, a flotation agent consisting of a collecting agent, a foaming agent and an inhibitor is adopted to improve the grade of gold concentrate and the recovery rate of tailings. The gold recovery rate is improved to 92.54% at most according to the reports of relevant documents.

Because the pursuit of one taste improves the gold concentrate grade and the tailing recovery rate, or because there is not a good metering control system, the ore dressing enterprises usually add excessive flotation agent in the flotation process, produce a large amount of residual chemicals after flotation, the produced tailing water is discharged outside and can cause pollution to the water quality, and the tailings of the ore dressing plant mostly adopt the way of dry piling after filter pressing, and through rainwater water brushing, harmful substances flow to rivers or permeate into groundwater along with rainwater, causing pollution. Therefore, how to reduce the use of a flotation agent while improving the recovery rate of gold is a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention provides a flotation reagent and a beneficiation method for improving the flotation recovery rate and the gold concentrate grade.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following means.

A flotation reagent for improving the flotation recovery rate and improving the gold concentrate grade comprises, by weight, 10-15 parts of a collecting agent, 2-3 parts of an auxiliary collecting agent, 50-70 parts of an activating agent, 20-40 parts of a foaming agent, 3-6 parts of an inhibitor and 2-4 parts of an oxidant; the collecting agent is at least one of thiourea, dialkyl-thiophosphate and isoamyl xanthate; the auxiliary collector is 25# black powder; the activating agent is one of copper sulfate, lead sulfate and lead nitrate; the foaming agent is one of second oil, polyglycol ether and methyl isobutyl carbinol; the inhibitor is one of Guerban and hydroxymethyl cellulose; the oxidant is one of potassium permanganate and hydrogen peroxide.

The collecting agent further comprises thiourea, dialkyl-thiophosphate and isoamyl xanthate according to the weight ratio of 1:2: 4-8.

Further, the beneficiation method for improving the flotation recovery rate and improving the gold concentrate grade comprises the following steps:

1) conveying the ore into a metering device through an ore feeding device;

2) when the ore enters the metering device and water in the metering device is discharged to the metering tank to reach the metering standard, the ore feeding device stops conveying the ore, the metering device opens the movable door plate, and the ore and the water are injected into the ball milling grading device;

3) the ball adding device and the water adding device respectively inject grinding balls and water into the ball milling grading device according to a proportion, ball milling is started, the sampling analysis device detects that the fineness of the ore mill reaches the standard, the ball milling is stopped, and the ore pulp is injected into the flotation device;

4) and adding the flotation reagent into a flotation device by a dosing device, and performing flotation to obtain gold concentrate.

Further, in the step 3), when the ore is ground to the fineness of 0.074mm and the content of the ore is 88.5 percent, the ball milling is stopped.

Further the flotation agent in step 4) is added in a weight of 30-100g per ton of ore. The addition of the flotation reagent is greatly reduced.

Further metering device is open-top's cube frame type, and metering device bottom inboard is established to domatic, and domatic is 10~20, domatic minimum lateral wall opening that is in, is equipped with the sliding tray from top to bottom in the opening outside, installs movable door plant in the sliding tray, and movable door plant opens and shuts through the mechanism of opening a door, and the mechanism of opening a door is connected with controlling means, and the opening outside is equipped with ejection of compact mouth, and metering device lateral wall top is opened there is the overflow mouth, and the overflow mouth passes through the pipeline and is connected with the metering tank, and the metering tank installation level gauge, the level gauge is connected with controlling means. Traditional ore metering device all adopts the weighing method, pours the ore into the mine car, weighs through the weighbridge, pours into the ball mill again in, and the process is loaded down with trivial details, needs the equipment many, and the accuracy of weighbridge is low, and electronic sensor damages easily, and the calibration cost is high, realizes the automation mechanized operation difficulty moreover.

And further, the ore feeding device, the metering device, the ball milling grading device, the sampling analysis device, the dosing device and the flotation device are all connected with the central control system. The ore feeding device is of a conveyor belt type, the metering device is located above a feed inlet of the ball-milling grading device, the sampling analysis device is installed on the ball-milling grading device and comprises an ore pulp particle size analyzer, a pH meter and the like, a ball adding device and a water adding device are additionally arranged and connected with the ball-milling grading device, the medicine adding device is located on the flotation machine and is added into the flotation machine in a proportion mode through solution made of a flotation agent, the central control system comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the central control system can control the running state of each device respectively according to measurement data returned by the measurement instrument installed on each device. The specific process of control is that (1) the water inlet electromagnetic valve of the metering device is opened, water is injected into the metering device until the overflow port has water to flow out, and the water inlet electromagnetic valve is closed; (2) starting a conveyor belt motor of the feeding device, conveying ores into the metering device, allowing the ores to enter and drain into the metering tank, and closing the conveyor belt motor after the liquid level rises to a specified position; (3) starting a door opening mechanism, opening a movable door plate, and enabling the ore and the residual water to flow into the ball milling and grading device; (4) starting the ball adding device and the water adding device, and injecting the determined amount of steel balls and water into the ball mill grading device; (5) starting a ball milling grading device, beginning ball milling of ores, reading real-time data measured by an on-line ore pulp particle size analyzer, stopping ball milling after standard requirements are met, and pumping ore pulp into a flotation device; (6) adding the reagent into the ore pulp according to different flotation steps through a dosing device according to the metering to perform flotation operation.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

1) by adopting the compounded flotation agent, the agents generate synergistic action, the dosage is reduced, the concentration of gold of concentration of gold of concentration of gold of concentration of gold of concentration of gold of concentration of gold of concentration of gold of concentration of gold of concentration of gold of concentration of gold of concentration of gold of concentration of gold of concentration of gold of;

2) the water discharge method is adopted for metering, so that the metering is accurate, and the automatic control is easy;

3) the whole process is automatically controlled by a central control system, so that personnel are saved, the labor intensity is reduced, the control is accurate, the flotation agent is put in according to the quantity, and the excessive flotation agent is avoided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an automatic control system for improving flotation recovery and gold concentrate grade.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. The raw materials used in the invention are all commercial products. The PLC adopts a Siemens RLU236 Synco200 on-site DDC controller, the sampling analysis device adopts a BPSM-II type online pulp granularity analyzer of Beijing mining and metallurgy research institute, and the pH meter adopts a Shanghai Lei magnetic PHG-217D type industrial pH/ORP measurement controller.

Example 1

A flotation reagent for improving the flotation recovery rate and improving the gold concentrate grade comprises, by weight, 10 parts of a collecting agent, 2 parts of an auxiliary collecting agent, 70 parts of an activating agent, 20 parts of a foaming agent, 6 parts of an inhibitor and 2 parts of an oxidizing agent; the collecting agent is composed of thiourea, dialkyl-thiophosphate and isoamyl xanthate according to the weight ratio of 1:2: 8; the auxiliary collector is 25# black powder; the activating agent is copper sulfate; the foaming agent is No. two oil; the inhibitor is Guerban; the oxidant is potassium permanganate.

An automatic control system for improving the recovery rate of flotation and the grade of gold concentrate comprises an ore feeding device, a metering device, a ball-milling grading device, a sampling analysis device, a dosing device, a flotation device and a central control system. The ore feeding device is of a conveyor belt type, the metering device is located above a feed inlet of the ball-milling grading device, the sampling analysis device is installed on the ball-milling grading device and comprises an ore pulp particle size analyzer, a pH meter and the like, a ball adding device and a water adding device are additionally arranged and connected with the ball-milling grading device, the medicine adding device is located on the flotation machine and is added into the flotation machine in a proportion mode through solution made of a flotation agent, the central control system comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the central control system can control the running state of each device respectively according to measurement data returned by the measurement instrument installed on each device. Metering device is open-top's cube frame type, metering device bottom inboard is established to domatic, domatic 10~20, domatic minimum lateral wall opening of being in, be equipped with the sliding tray from top to bottom in the opening outside, installation movable door plant in the sliding tray, movable door plant opens and shuts through the mechanism of opening a door, the mechanism of opening a door is connected with controlling means, the opening outside is equipped with ejection of compact mouth, metering device lateral wall top is opened there is the overflow mouth, the overflow mouth passes through the pipeline and is connected with the metering tank, metering tank installation level gauge, the level gauge is connected with controlling means. According to the principle of drainage method, firstly, water is poured into the metering device to an overflow port, the ore is poured into the metering device by the conveying device, the discharged water enters the metering tank through the overflow pipe, and when the liquid level of the metering tank rises to a specified scale, the conveying device stops conveying the ore. The bottom volume of the measuring tank is large, 99.8 percent of the discharged water amount in one measurement can be contained, and the upper volume is gradually reduced to 25mm in diameter. The door opening mechanism can use a straight rod motor or a pneumatic/hydraulic piston, the movable door plate is opened by the door opening mechanism, ore and water flow into the ball mill together, the bottom of the metering device is slope, the ore can be emptied and not left, the metering precision is improved, and the water in the metering tank returns to the metering device again through the pump for repeated use. The movable door adopts a push-pull type, so that the blockage of ores is avoided, the movable door is tightly sealed and water leakage is prevented, all equipment is fixed in the metering process, and only two movement mechanisms are controlled, so that automatic control can be realized.

A beneficiation method for improving the flotation recovery rate and improving the gold concentrate grade comprises the following steps:

(1) starting a water inlet electromagnetic valve of the metering device, injecting water into the metering device until water flows out from an overflow port, and closing the water inlet electromagnetic valve;

(2) starting a conveyor belt motor of the feeding device, conveying ores into the metering device, allowing the ores to enter and drain into the metering tank, and closing the conveyor belt motor after the liquid level rises to a specified position;

(3) starting a door opening mechanism, opening a movable door plate, and enabling the ore and the residual water to flow into the ball milling and grading device;

(4) starting the ball adding device and the water adding device, and injecting the determined amount of steel balls and water into the ball mill grading device;

(5) starting a ball milling grading device, beginning ball milling of ores, reading real-time data measured by an on-line ore pulp particle size analyzer, stopping ball milling when the ores are milled to the fineness of 0.074mm and the content of 88.5%, and pumping the ore pulp into a flotation device;

(6) carrying out flotation on the gold concentrate by a closed cycle process of twice roughing and twice scavenging;

rough selection for the first time: adding a flotation reagent according to the weight of 100g per ton of ore;

and (3) rough concentration for the second time: adding a flotation reagent according to the weight of 80g per ton of ore;

first scavenging: adding a flotation reagent according to the weight of 50g per ton of ore;

and (3) second scavenging: adding flotation reagent according to the weight of 30g per ton of ore;

the concentration of the concentration is 37.6 percent, the grade of the gold concentrate is 20.99g/t, and the recovery rate is 96.1 percent.

Example 2

The same automatic control system and the same beneficiation method as those of the embodiment 1, except that the flotation agent for improving the flotation recovery rate and improving the gold concentrate grade comprises 15 parts by weight of a collector, 3 parts by weight of an auxiliary collector, 50 parts by weight of an activator, 40 parts by weight of a foaming agent, 3 parts by weight of an inhibitor and 4 parts by weight of an oxidant; the collecting agent is composed of thiourea, dialkyl-thiophosphate and isoamyl xanthate according to the weight ratio of 1:2: 4; the auxiliary collector is 25# black powder; the activating agent is lead sulfate; the foaming agent is polyethylene glycol ether; the inhibitor is one of hydroxymethyl cellulose; the oxidant is hydrogen peroxide.

The concentration of concentration is 38.1%, the grade of gold concentrate is 20.79g/t, and the recovery rate is 95.4%.

Example 3

The same automatic control system and the same beneficiation method as those of the embodiment 1, except that the flotation agent for improving the flotation recovery rate and improving the gold concentrate grade comprises 10 parts by weight of a collecting agent, 3 parts by weight of an auxiliary collecting agent, 60 parts by weight of an activating agent, 30 parts by weight of a foaming agent, 4 parts by weight of an inhibitor and 3 parts by weight of an oxidizing agent; the collecting agent is composed of thiourea, dialkyl-thiophosphate and isoamyl xanthate according to the weight ratio of 1:2: 6; the auxiliary collector is 25# black powder; the activating agent is lead nitrate; the foaming agent is methyl isobutyl carbinol; the inhibitor is hydroxymethyl cellulose; the oxidant is potassium permanganate.

The concentration of concentration is 37.9%, the grade of gold concentrate is 20.85g/t, and the recovery rate is 95.7%.

Comparative example 1

The same automatic control system and the same beneficiation method as those of the embodiment 1, except that the flotation agent for improving the flotation recovery rate and improving the gold concentrate grade comprises 10 parts by weight of a collecting agent, 2 parts by weight of an auxiliary collecting agent, 70 parts by weight of an activating agent, 20 parts by weight of a foaming agent, 6 parts by weight of an inhibitor and 2 parts by weight of an oxidizing agent; the collecting agent is isoamyl xanthate; the auxiliary collector is 25# black powder; the activating agent is copper sulfate; the foaming agent is No. two oil; the inhibitor is Guerban; the oxidant is potassium permanganate.

The concentration of concentration is 39.6%, the grade of gold concentrate is 19.57g/t, and the recovery rate is 92.7%.

Comparative example 2

The same automatic control system and the same beneficiation method as those of the embodiment 1, except that the flotation agent for improving the flotation recovery rate and improving the gold concentrate grade comprises 10 parts by weight of a collecting agent, 2 parts by weight of an auxiliary collecting agent, 70 parts by weight of an activating agent, 20 parts by weight of a foaming agent, 6 parts by weight of an inhibitor and 2 parts by weight of an oxidizing agent; the collecting agent is thiourea; the auxiliary collector is 25# black powder; the activating agent is copper sulfate; the foaming agent is No. two oil; the inhibitor is Guerban; the oxidant is potassium permanganate.

The concentration of concentration is 40.2%, the grade of gold concentrate is 18.38g/t, and the recovery rate is 88.5%.

Comparative example 3

The same automatic control system and the same beneficiation method as those of the embodiment 1, except that the flotation agent for improving the flotation recovery rate and improving the gold concentrate grade comprises 10 parts by weight of a collecting agent, 2 parts by weight of an auxiliary collecting agent, 70 parts by weight of an activating agent, 20 parts by weight of a foaming agent, 6 parts by weight of an inhibitor and 2 parts by weight of an oxidizing agent; the collecting agent is dialkyl-phosphorothioate; the auxiliary collector is 25# black powder; the activating agent is copper sulfate; the foaming agent is No. two oil; the inhibitor is Guerban; the oxidant is potassium permanganate.

The concentration of concentration is 41.9%, the grade of gold concentrate is 17.62g/t, and the recovery rate is 82.1%.

Comparative example 4

The same automatic control system and the same beneficiation method as those of the embodiment 1, except that the flotation agent for improving the flotation recovery rate and improving the gold concentrate grade comprises 10 parts by weight of a collecting agent, 2 parts by weight of an auxiliary collecting agent, 70 parts by weight of an activating agent, 20 parts by weight of a foaming agent, 6 parts by weight of an inhibitor and 2 parts by weight of an oxidizing agent; the collecting agent consists of thiourea and isoamyl xanthate according to the weight ratio of 1: 4; the auxiliary collector is 25# black powder; the activating agent is copper sulfate; the foaming agent is No. two oil; the inhibitor is Guerban; the oxidant is potassium permanganate.

The concentration of concentration is 39.3%, the grade of gold concentrate is 19.53g/t, and the recovery rate is 92.4%.

Comparative example 5

The same automatic control system and the same beneficiation method as those of the embodiment 1, except that the flotation agent for improving the flotation recovery rate and improving the gold concentrate grade comprises 10 parts by weight of a collecting agent, 2 parts by weight of an auxiliary collecting agent, 70 parts by weight of an activating agent, 20 parts by weight of a foaming agent, 6 parts by weight of an inhibitor and 2 parts by weight of an oxidizing agent; the collecting agent is composed of dialkyl-thiophosphate and isoamyl xanthate according to the weight ratio of 1: 2; the auxiliary collector is 25# black powder; the activating agent is copper sulfate; the foaming agent is No. two oil; the inhibitor is Guerban; the oxidant is potassium permanganate.

The concentration of concentration is 39.8%, the grade of gold concentrate is 19.37g/t, and the recovery rate is 91.6%.

The present invention has been described in terms of the above embodiments, and it should be understood that the above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalents or equivalent changes fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The flotation reagent for improving the flotation recovery rate and improving the gold concentrate grade is characterized by comprising, by weight, 10-15 parts of a collecting agent, 2-3 parts of an auxiliary collecting agent, 50-70 parts of an activating agent, 20-40 parts of a foaming agent, 3-6 parts of an inhibitor and 2-4 parts of an oxidant; the auxiliary collector is 25# black powder; the activating agent is one of copper sulfate, lead sulfate and lead nitrate; the foaming agent is one of second oil, polyglycol ether and methyl isobutyl carbinol; the inhibitor is one of Guerban and hydroxymethyl cellulose; the oxidant is one of potassium permanganate and hydrogen peroxide; the collecting agent consists of thiourea, dialkyl-thiophosphate and isoamyl xanthate according to the weight ratio of 1:2: 4-8.

2. The beneficiation method for improving the flotation recovery rate and improving the gold concentrate grade is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) conveying the ore into a metering device through an ore feeding device;

4) the chemical adding device adds the flotation reagent according to claim 1 into a flotation device to obtain gold concentrate through flotation.

3. The beneficiation method for improving the flotation recovery rate and the gold concentrate grade according to claim 2, wherein the ball milling is stopped when the ore is milled to a fineness of 0.074mm and the content of 88.5% in the step 3).

4. A beneficiation method to improve the flotation recovery and grade gold concentrate according to claim 2, wherein the flotation agent in step 4) is added in a weight of 30-100g per ton of ore.

5. The ore dressing method for improving the flotation recovery rate and improving the gold concentrate grade according to claim 2, wherein the metering device is a cubic frame with an open top, the inner side of the bottom of the metering device is provided with a slope surface, the slope surface is 10-20 degrees, the lowest slope surface is positioned at an opening of a side wall, sliding grooves are formed in the upper part and the lower part of the outer side of the opening, a movable door plate is installed in each sliding groove and is opened and closed through a door opening mechanism, the door opening mechanism is connected with a control device, a discharging nozzle is arranged on the outer side of the opening, an overflow port is formed above the side wall of the metering device and is connected with the metering tank through a pipeline, a liquid level meter is installed on the metering tank, and the liquid level meter is connected with the control device.

6. The ore dressing method for improving the flotation recovery rate and improving the gold concentrate grade according to claim 2, wherein the ore feeding device, the metering device, the ball milling and grading device, the sampling and analyzing device, the dosing device and the flotation device are all connected with a central control system.