Underwater antifouling electronic nasal cavity chamberTechnical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical engineering, and particularly relates to an underwater antifouling electronic nose chamber.
Background
With the continuous development of economy and technology, the demands of people for substances and energy are continuously expanding, and the development of ocean resources is gradually in depth with the progress of technology. However, in the development process of the ocean, the pollution of the ocean is serious due to a series of unreasonable human activities, so that the monitoring of the ocean water quality is particularly important.
Electronic nose, also called artificial smell, is widely appreciated because it has the advantages of long service life, simple operation, small volume, low cost, qualitative and quantitative measurement, in-situ, on-line and real-time measurement, etc. Electronic nose is considered as the most promising solution for olfactory simulation. At present, main researches on an electronic nose focus on the aspects of gas sensor array arrangement, signal preprocessing programs, mode identification methods and the like. The electronic nose cavity is the hardware of the electronic nose and is also the carrier of the sensor, and the structural rationality of the electronic nose cavity has great influence on the flow mode of fluid and the whole detection capability of the electronic nose.
The nasal hair in the nasal cavity can block dust and bacteria in the air, and can completely block large particles larger than PM 50 and the like, so that a human body can inhale filtered clean air; the nasal hair can maintain the olfactory nerve undamaged, so that the nose can smell various odors, and the fragrance of food is transferred to the brain to promote appetite; when larger foreign bodies, such as beetles, enter the nasal cavity, the nose hair not only blocks but also transmits information to the nervous system, causing sneezing, which clears them out.
The surface of the Japanese clams is of a regular corrugated structure, the texture of the growth lines is clear, no obvious radioactive ray texture exists, and a plurality of tiny scales exist on the texture of the growth lines. The adsorption site theory proposed by australian scholars Scardino suggests that: microorganisms are more likely to attach to areas where the surface texture size is larger than their body size, and the attachment rate is low when the surface micro texture size is smaller than their body size. Diatom is one of the most common small fouling organisms, and the size of the diatom is from a few micrometers to tens micrometers, which is larger than the small scale size on the surface texture of the Japanese clams, so that the diatom is not easy to adhere to the surfaces of the Japanese clams. Since the formation of the microbial mucosa mainly composed of diatom is a prerequisite for the adhesion of large-scale fouling organisms, the surfaces of the Japanese clams are free from the adhesion of diatom, and the larvae, zoospores, etc. of other large-scale fouling organisms lose the adhesion basis on the surfaces of the Japanese clams.
Inspired by two bionic prototypes of nasal cavity and Japanese mirror clams, the electronic nose is reasonably applied to the structural design of the cavity of the electronic nose, so that the pollution prevention of the cavity of the electronic nose can be effectively realized, and the detection precision of the electronic nose is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a reasonable underwater electronic nose structure, which can improve the accuracy of seawater detection and the service life of an electronic nose, and reduce the attachment of marine microorganisms in the electronic nose by utilizing the blocking effect of the nose on particles and the surface antifouling structure of clams.
The invention consists of a chamber IA, a spoiler IB, an arc sphere C, a spoiler IID, a chamber IIE, a filter screen I1 and a filter screen II 2, wherein the filter screen I1, the chamber IA, the spoiler IB, the arc sphere C, the spoiler IID, the chamber IIE and the filter screen II 2 are sequentially arranged from left to right and are symmetrical structures about the cross section of a-a, the filter screen I1 is fixedly connected to the near left part of a collection port 3 in the chamber IA, and the filter screen II 2 is fixedly connected to the near right part of the collection port in the chamber IIE; the inner end of the round rod 6 of the spoiler IB is fixedly connected with the left end of the center of the arc spherical shell 10 of the arc sphere C, and the inner end of the round rod of the spoiler II D is fixedly connected with the right end of the center of the arc spherical shell 10 of the arc sphere C; the left side of the outer ring 8 of the arc sphere C is fixedly connected with the right end of the chamber IA, and the right side of the outer ring 8 of the arc sphere C is fixedly connected with the left end of the chamber II E.
The structure of the chamber IA and the structure of the chamber II E are the same and opposite in direction, and are provided with a collection port 3, a transition section 4 and a detection section 5, wherein a collection port 3 is arranged between ab connecting lines, a transition section 4 is arranged between bc connecting lines, and a detection section 5 is arranged between cd connecting lines in peripheral contour lines of the chamber IA and the chamber II E; the thickness d1 of the collecting port 3, the transition section 4 and the detection section 5 is 4-6mm; the collecting port 3 is a circular tube, the inner diameter D1 is 30-40mm, and the length L1 is 30-40mm; the detection section 5 is a circular tube, the inner diameter D2 is 80-90mm, the length L3 is 78-85mm, the length L2 of the transition section 4 is 75-85mm, one end of the transition section 4 is in smooth connection with the acquisition port 3, and the other end of the transition section 4 is in smooth connection with the detection section 5.
The structures of the spoiler IB and the spoiler IID are the same and opposite in direction, and are composed of a round rod 6 and a conical body sheet group 7, wherein the conical body sheet group 7 is composed of four conical body sheets which are uniformly distributed and fixedly connected to the circumference of one end of the round rod 6; the diameter D3 of the round rod 6 is 5-7mm, and the length L4 is 35-45mm; the outer end of the conical body piece is an arc line, the radius r1 of the arc line is 30-35mm, the axial length L5 of the conical body piece is 18-22mm, the radial length L7 of the conical body piece is 18-22mm, the conical lower bottom surface L6 of the conical body piece is 4-6mm, and the taper of the conical body piece is 1:20.
The arc sphere C consists of an outer ring 8, a connector group 9, an arc sphere shell 10 and a sensor group 11, wherein the outer ring 8 is a torus, the diameter D6 of the outer ring 8 is 85-95mm, the thickness D2 is 4-6mm, and the width L8 is 10-15mm; The arc spherical shell 10 consists of an inner ring 15 and an arc surface 14, wherein the diameter D7 of the inner ring 15 is 65-85mm, the thickness D3 is 3-5mm, and the width L9 is 10-15mm; The arc surface 14 consists of a left arc surface and a right arc surface, the structures of the left arc surface and the right arc surface are the same and are opposite in direction and fixedly connected to the left surface and the right surface of the inner ring 15 respectively, four through grooves of the through groove group 13 are uniformly distributed on the left arc surface and the right arc surface by taking the axis as a central line, the groove lengths L10 of the four through grooves are 11-13mm, the groove widths L11 are 10-12mm, and the groove wall thicknesses d4 are 3-5mm; The radius r2 of the left cambered surface and the right cambered surface is 45-55mm, and the arc angle1 is 90 degrees; The gap 12h1 between the outer ring surface of the inner ring 15 and the inner ring of the outer ring 8 is 4-6mm, the connector group 9 comprises three cylinders and a ring body, the three cylinders and the ring body are uniformly distributed in the gap 12 between the inner ring 15 and the outer ring 8, the diameter D4 of the cylinders is 5-8mm, and the inner diameter D5 of the ring body is 2-3mm; The sensor group 11 consists of 4 sensors which are respectively fixedly connected in four through grooves of the through groove group 13; the inner ring of the outer ring 8 is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the inner ring 15 in the arc spherical shell 10 through three cylinders of the connector group 9.
The structure of the filter screen I1 and the structure of the filter screen II 2 are opposite in the same direction, the inward surface is a plane, the outward surface is a wave-shaped surface, wherein single waves are formed by connecting the end and the end of the circular arcs with the radius r3 of 2.8-3.2mm, the circular arc angle2 of 45-50 degrees, the circular arc with the radius r4 of 0.8-1.2mm, the circular arc angle3 of 70-75 degrees, the circular arc with the radius r5 of 0.1-0.3mm and the circular arc angle4 of 130-135 degrees, the thickness d5 of the filter screen I1 and the filter screen II 2 is 2-3mm, and the mesh number of the sieve holes is 100-200 meshes.
Regular triangle bulges are arranged on the inner surfaces of the detection sections 5 of the chamber I A and the chamber II E and on the left cambered surface and the right cambered surface of the arc spherical shell 10 in the arc sphere C, and the height h2 of the bulges is 0.03-0.05mm; the bulges are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the inner surface of the detection section 5 of the chamber IA and the chamber II E and are axially arranged in parallel; the protrusions are radially distributed on the left cambered surface and the right cambered surface of the arc spherical shell 10 in the arc sphere C by taking the center of the cambered surface as an origin.
The principle and the working process of the invention are as follows:
The invention is arranged at the embankment of the ocean and fixed at the bank, so that the two ends of the electronic nose can communicate with each other from the two ends of the cavity under the action of tides, and the nasal cavity inhalation and exhalation process is simulated.
According to the invention, through simulating the blocking effect of nose hair on dust, bacteria and other particles, the filter screen is arranged at the inlet of the front end of the electronic nasal passage, the front end of the filter screen is processed into a wave shape, vortex is generated at the notch when fluid is flushed, the attachment of marine microorganisms is effectively reduced, and micro-current is applied at the filter screen, so that the smoothness of the electronic nasal passage is further ensured, and the microorganisms are prevented from entering the cavity; according to the certain flow guiding effect of the nasal hair in the nasal cavity on the gas, the meshes of the filter screen are reasonably designed and distributed, so that the detection efficiency of the sensor is improved; the invention designs a symmetrical structure at two ends, simulates the inhalation and exhalation process of the nasal cavity along with the back and forth action of seawater, can discharge particles blocked during 'inhalation' out of the channel of the electronic nose during 'exhalation', and ensures the smoothness of the acquisition port; the micro structure of the surface of the Japanese clams is simulated on the inner wall of the electronic nose, and a tiny triangular bulge is designed on the inner wall, so that the attachment and reproduction of microorganisms entering the cavity are greatly avoided, and the normal operation of the sensor is ensured. In order to ensure the detection precision of the sensor, the detection precision of the sensor is avoided, microorganisms are prevented from adhering to the probe of the sensor, two spoilers are arranged at two ends of the arc sphere, so that the microorganisms flow when water flows through the spoilers, on one hand, the detected liquid flows into the groove of the arc sphere more fully, on the other hand, turbulent flow of the water flow is caused, the adhesion of the microorganisms is avoided, in addition, in the process of 'inhaling' and 'exhaling' of the nasal cavity, the flow direction of the liquid is changed, and the adhesion of the microorganisms is also prevented.
When liquid enters from one end of the electronic nose, particles, impurities and microorganisms in the liquid enter the cavity through meshes of the filter screen, the particles, the impurities and the microorganisms are blocked at one side of the filter screen under the action of the filter screen, the liquid ensures a certain flow rate to enter the electronic nasal cavity under the flow guiding action of the filter screen, the attachment of the microorganisms to the sensor probe is avoided under the action of the spoiler, and the liquid flow of the detection end is improved; for the microorganisms with very small volume, after entering the cavity, the triangular protrusions imitating Japanese clams are arranged on the inner wall of the cavity, so that the attachment of the microorganisms can be greatly avoided, the microorganisms can flow out from the other port along with the scouring action of water flow, and the detection precision of the sensor is ensured; under the action of tide, after one detection, seawater enters from the other end of the electronic nose and flows out from the initial port, and particulate matters and the like at the port are flushed out of the electronic nose channel, so that the self-cleaning effect is achieved.
According to the invention, the filter screen I1 and the filter screen II 2 are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the electronic nasal passage, the wavy surface of the filter screen can cause vortex of water flow, the adhesion of microorganisms is reduced, and micro-current is added to the filter screen, so that the adhesion of the microorganisms is further reduced; micro triangular bulges are designed on the inner wall of the detection section of the electronic nasal cavity chamber and the cambered surface of the arc sphere C, so that the adhesion of microorganisms is reduced; under the effect of spoiler IB and spoiler IID, the liquid that awaits measuring that is close to the sensor is disturbed, makes the liquid flow who reachs the sensor increase, and the turbulence degree of liquid that awaits measuring increases, and this can not only increase the contact time of liquid that awaits measuring and sensor surface, can also avoid microorganism to adhere to the surface at the sensor to make the detection of sensor more stable accuracy.
The invention can effectively improve the detection accuracy and the service life of the sensor in the seawater, the symmetrical structure, the filter screen and the internal self-cleaning function of the sensor can greatly avoid the attachment of marine microorganisms, and the detection accuracy of the sensor can be improved under the action of the filter screen and the spoiler.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a chamber structure of an underwater antifouling electronic nose
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a chamber
FIG. 3 is a front view of a spoiler
FIG. 4 is a left side view of a spoiler
FIG. 5 is a front view of an arc sphere
FIG. 6 is a left side view of an arc sphere
FIG. 7 is a side view of a arced spherical shell
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an arc ball housing
FIG. 9 is a side view of a screen
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the wave structure (e) of the filter screen
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an electronic nasal cavity chamber
FIG. 12 is an enlarged sectional view of the inner wall structure (f)
FIG. 13 is a top view of an N-way inner wall structure
Wherein: A. chamber IB, spoiler IC, arc sphere D, spoiler II E, chamber II 1, filter screen I2, filter screen II 3, collecting port 4, transition section 5, detection section 6, circular rod 7, cone sheet group 8, outer ring 9, connector group 10, arc sphere 11, sensor group 12, gap 13, through groove group 14, arc surface group 15, inner ring
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention consists of a chamber IA, a spoiler IB, an arc sphere C, a spoiler IID, a chamber IIE, a filter screen I1 and a filter screen II 2, wherein the filter screen I1, the chamber IA, the spoiler IB, the arc sphere C, the spoiler IID, the chamber IIE and the filter screen II 2 are sequentially arranged from left to right and are symmetrical structures about the cross section of a-a, the filter screen I1 is fixedly connected to the near left part of a collection port 3 in the chamber IA, and the filter screen II 2 is fixedly connected to the near right part of the collection port in the chamber IIE; the inner end of the round rod 6 of the spoiler IB is fixedly connected with the left end of the center of the arc spherical shell 10 of the arc sphere C, and the inner end of the round rod of the spoiler II D is fixedly connected with the right end of the center of the arc spherical shell 10 of the arc sphere C; the left side of the outer ring 8 of the arc sphere C is fixedly connected with the right end of the chamber IA, and the right side of the outer ring 8 of the arc sphere C is fixedly connected with the left end of the chamber II E.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the structures of the chamber ia and the chamber ii E are the same and opposite in direction, and are provided with a collection port 3, a transition section 4 and a detection section 5, wherein a collection port 3 is arranged between ab connecting lines, a transition section 4 is arranged between bc connecting lines, and a detection section 5 is arranged between cd connecting lines in peripheral contour lines of the chamber ia and the chamber ii E; the thickness d1 of the collecting port 3, the transition section 4 and the detection section 5 is 4-6mm; the collecting port 3 is a circular tube, the inner diameter D1 is 30-40mm, and the length L1 is 30-40mm; the detection section 5 is a circular tube, the inner diameter D2 is 80-90mm, the length L3 is 78-85mm, the length L2 of the transition section 4 is 75-85mm, one end of the transition section 4 is in smooth connection with the acquisition port 3, and the other end of the transition section 4 is in smooth connection with the detection section 5.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the structures of the spoiler ib and the spoiler ii D are the same and opposite in direction, and each spoiler ib and each spoiler ii D is composed of a round rod 6 and a cone sheet group 7, wherein each cone sheet group 7 is composed of four cone sheets, and the four cone sheets are uniformly distributed and fixedly connected to the circumference of one end of the round rod 6; the diameter D3 of the round rod 6 is 5-7mm, and the length L4 is 35-45mm; the outer end of the conical body piece is an arc line, the radius r1 of the arc line is 30-35mm, the axial length L5 of the conical body piece is 18-22mm, the radial length L7 of the conical body piece is 18-22mm, the conical lower bottom surface L6 of the conical body piece is 4-6mm, and the taper of the conical body piece is 1:20.
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, the arc sphere C is composed of an outer ring 8, a connector group 9, an arc sphere shell 10 and a sensor group 11, the outer ring 8 is a torus, the outer diameter D6 of the outer ring 8 is 85-95mm, the thickness D2 is 4-6mm, and the width L8 is 10-15mm; The arc spherical shell 10 consists of an inner ring 15 and an arc surface 14, wherein the diameter D7 of the inner ring 15 is 65-85mm, the thickness D3 is 3-5mm, and the width L9 is 10-15mm; The arc surface 14 consists of a left arc surface and a right arc surface, the structures of the left arc surface and the right arc surface are the same and are opposite in direction and fixedly connected to the left surface and the right surface of the inner ring 15 respectively, four through grooves of the through groove group 13 are uniformly distributed on the left arc surface and the right arc surface by taking the axis as a central line, the groove lengths L10 of the four through grooves are 11-13mm, the groove widths L11 are 10-12mm, and the groove wall thicknesses d4 are 3-5mm; The radius r2 of the left cambered surface and the right cambered surface is 45-55mm, and the arc angle1 is 90 degrees; The gap 12h1 between the outer ring surface of the inner ring 15 and the inner ring of the outer ring 8 is 4-6mm, the connector group 9 comprises three cylinders and a ring body, the three cylinders and the ring body are uniformly distributed in the gap 12 between the inner ring 15 and the outer ring 8, the diameter D4 of the cylinders is 5-8mm, and the inner diameter D5 of the ring body is 2-3mm; The sensor group 11 consists of 4 sensors which are respectively fixedly connected in four through grooves of the through groove group 13; the inner ring of the outer ring 8 is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the inner ring 15 in the arc spherical shell 10 through three cylinders of the connector group 9.
As shown in figures 1, 9 and 10, the structures of the filter screen I1 and the filter screen II 2 are the same and opposite in direction, the inward surface is a plane, the outward surface is a wave-shaped surface, wherein single waves are formed by connecting an arc with the radius r3 of 2.8-3.2mm, the arc angle2 of 45-50 degrees, an arc with the radius r4 of 0.8-1.2mm, the arc angle3 of 70-75 degrees, an arc with the radius r5 of 0.1-0.3mm, the arc angle4 of 130-135 degrees in an end-to-end mode, the thickness d5 of the filter screen I1 and the filter screen II 2 is 2-3mm, and the mesh number of the sieve holes is 100-200 meshes.
As shown in fig. 11 to 13, regular triangle protrusions are arranged on the inner surfaces of the detection sections 5 of the chamber ia and the chamber ii E and on the left and right cambered surfaces of the arc spherical shell 10 in the arc sphere C, and the height h2 of each protrusion is 0.03-0.05mm; the bulges are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the inner surface of the detection section 5 of the chamber IA and the chamber II E and are axially arranged in parallel; the protrusions are radially distributed on the left cambered surface and the right cambered surface of the arc spherical shell 10 in the arc sphere C by taking the center of the cambered surface as an origin.