CN110932808A - Method for adjusting antenna building mode on tower to minimize passive interference - Google Patents
Method for adjusting antenna building mode on tower to minimize passive interferenceDownload PDFInfo
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- CN110932808A CN110932808ACN201911055322.5ACN201911055322ACN110932808ACN 110932808 ACN110932808 ACN 110932808ACN 201911055322 ACN201911055322 ACN 201911055322ACN 110932808 ACN110932808 ACN 110932808A
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- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/391—Modelling the propagation channel
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mobile communication, relates to a method for mounting a 5G antenna on an electric power tower, and provides a method for adjusting the antenna construction mode on the tower to minimize passive interference.
Technical Field
With the rapid development of 5G technology, a large number of 5G base stations are being constructed and put into use. The density of base stations required for 5G technology is also relatively high, so for most cities that are actively building 5G, the shortage of 5G base station sites is a common pain point. In response to the problem, the communication equipment is mounted on the power tower, so that an effective solution is provided. For a 5G antenna mounted on an electric power tower, electromagnetic waves radiated by the antenna can be radiated by the surrounding environment for the second time, and the radiation energy of the antenna is interfered, namely passive interference. For 5G antennas mounted on power towers, the main passive interference comes from the power towers and power transmission lines in the radiation coverage range. In the process of antenna site selection and construction, passive interference in a radiation range needs to be considered, a design scheme for minimizing the passive interference is selected, and modeling and research on passive interference of a 5G antenna mounted on a power tower are relatively blank at present in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that: in the prior art, the passive interference problem of the 5G antenna mounted on the electric tower is not researched, analyzed and optimized and needs to be improved. In the invention, passive interference of the transmission conductor and the iron tower to the radiation of the 5G antenna on the tower is considered, analysis models are respectively established, and an adjustment optimization scheme is provided.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for adjusting a building mode of an antenna on a tower to minimize passive interference carries out passive interference analysis modeling on a 5G antenna mounted on a power tower, and adjusts the building mode of the antenna to minimize the passive interference, and comprises the following steps:
1) preliminarily determining the radiation main lobe direction of the antenna, analyzing the physical environment in the possible coverage range of the antenna radiation, and determining a metal interference object capable of generating passive interference, wherein the metal interference object comprises a good power tower of a power transmission line, and height and distance parameters of the good antenna and the metal interference object are measured;
2) obtaining a hanging height analysis model according to the relation between the antenna position and the relative position of the power transmission line, and solving the influence of the power transmission line on the antenna; firstly, calculating and solving a vector method electric integral equation to obtain current distribution on a power transmission line, then solving the secondary radiation intensity of a power transmission conductor according to induced current, superposing the secondary radiation intensity with a source field, analyzing the interference intensity, and drawing up a proper range of hanging high points;
3) determining iron tower distance D according to passive interference analysis model generated by electric tower1Calculating the target coverage distance D by a formula2Judgment of D1And D2In relation to each other, if D1>D2Directly entering step 5) without considering passive interference generated by the iron tower, and if D is not considered, directly entering step D)2>D1Entering step 4);
4) on the premise of meeting the antenna coverage requirement, adjusting the direction angle of the antenna by combining the binary adjustment of the direction angle and the downward inclination angle of the antenna, so that the iron tower generating the passive interference is outside the horizontal lobe angle of the antenna radiation after the adjustment; or by adjusting the down-tilt angle to achieve a reduction D2The passive interference generated by the electric tower is minimized;
5) determining an antenna building mode according to the hanging height range obtained in the step 2) and the antenna angle range obtained in the step 4), and marginalizing the metal body interferent under the condition of meeting the coverage range, so that the passive interference value is minimized.
Further, the step 2) is specifically to obtain the antenna hanging height H and the transmission line hanging height HnN is the number of the transmission line, H and H are judgednEstablishing a model, wherein the condition that the height of the antenna is higher than all the power transmission lines is not considered; the method comprises the following steps of regarding a power transmission line as a metal body barrier, solving the influence of the metal body barrier on an antenna as the secondary radiation field intensity of a high-voltage power transmission line according to a Bokriton integral equation to obtain the current distribution on the power transmission line, calculating the secondary radiation intensity vector generated by induced current by adopting a moment method, and obtaining the passive interference intensity level according to the following formula:
and comparing the calculation results to obtain the proper hanging height of the antenna on the tower.
Further, in step 4), the horizontal lobe angle of the specific antenna, which needs to be considered for adjusting the direction angle of the antenna, is calculated as follows:
in the formula AdtAt a down tilt angle of the antenna, AbwIs the lobe width angle of the antenna, HtAnd HrThe heights of a transmitting end and a receiving end are respectively, the transmitting end refers to an antenna mounting position, the receiving end height refers to the height radiated by an antenna at a target tower, and RinAnd RoutInner and outer diameters of the radiation, respectively; by adjusting the direction angle of the antenna, the included angle A between the main lobe of the antenna and the connecting line between the two iron towers is larger than half of the horizontal lobe angle A1Namely:
A≥A1/2
if the condition is met, passive interference of the target tower in the coverage range of the antenna can be avoided.
The invention respectively considers the passive interference of the transmission conductor and the iron tower to the radiation of the 5G antenna on the tower, and comprehensively determines the optimal construction mode of the antenna on the tower according to the two passive interferences so as to minimize the passive interference on the antenna. The method can be applied to the design of a plurality of built tower-mounted 5G antennas and the adjustment of the hung tower-mounted antennas, so that the passive interference is reduced and the higher radiation efficiency is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna hanging model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a model of an antenna radiation target tower on a tower analyzed by the invention.
FIG. 3 is a top view of the horizontal lobe angle versus the azimuth angle analyzed in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for adjusting a building mode of an antenna on a tower to minimize passive interference, which is used for carrying out passive interference analysis modeling on a 5G antenna mounted on a power tower and adjusting the building mode of the antenna to minimize the passive interference. The metallic interferents in the antenna radiation coverage range can generate passive interference on the antenna, and for the research occasion of the invention, the metallic interferents are the transmission line and the electric power tower. Therefore, the invention firstly establishes passive interference analysis models of the transmission line and the iron tower for the radiation of the 5G antenna on the tower respectively.
1. And analyzing the passive interference generated by the power transmission conductor.
The passive interference analysis model generated by the power transmission conductor is an analysis model based on the hanging height of the antenna mounted on the tower, the relation between the position of the antenna on the tower and the relative position of the power transmission line is analyzed, and as shown in fig. 1, the passive interference of the power transmission conductor on the antenna to be researched is calculated and compared based on the relation between the hanging height H of the antenna and the hanging height H of the power transmission line. The situation that the hanging height of the antenna is higher than that of all power transmission lines needs to be eliminated firstly, because the whole radiation of the hanging-height antenna has a downward inclination angle, the hanging height of the hanging-height antenna is higher than that of all power transmission loops, the passive interference value generated by the power transmission lines can be increased, and the situation is directly not considered. On the other hand, the distance between the antenna and the wire also has a certain influence on the value of the parasitic interference, and therefore needs to be considered.
2. And analyzing the passive interference generated by the electric power tower.
Aiming at the electric power towers, the invention provides an analysis model based on the distance between the electric power towers and the direction angle of an antenna. Firstly, calculating the target coverage distance of the antenna, and calculating the distance D between the power towers1And a target coverage distance D2And comparing the measured values to determine whether the target tower is within the target coverage of the 5G antenna under study, wherein the target tower is a metal interference object which may generate interference. If the result D is compared1>D2If the comparison result is negative, parameters such as a direction angle, a downward inclination angle and the like are adjusted, so that the target tower is out of the range of the antenna radiation main lobe, and the aim of minimizing the passive interference generated by the iron tower to the antenna is achieved.
And determining an optimal building mode of the antenna on the tower according to the two analysis models so as to minimize passive interference on the antenna.
The following describes specific implementations of the present invention.
Firstly, analyzing passive interference generated by a transmission conductor to a 5G antenna on a tower, and setting two height parameters: antenna hanging height H and power transmission line hanging height HnAnd n is the number of the power transmission circuit. Judgment of H and HnThe relation between the antenna and the power transmission line is the relative position of each loop on the tower, wherein the condition that the hanging height of the antenna is higher than that of all the loops is directly eliminated, and a hanging height analysis model is established.
The transmission line can be regarded as a metal body interference object, the influence of the transmission line on an antenna (emission source) can be realized by adopting a moment method to calculate the secondary radiation field intensity of the high-voltage transmission line, the current distribution on the transmission line is obtained by solving according to a Pocklen integral equation, then the secondary radiation intensity vector generated by induced current is calculated, and the passive interference intensity level is obtained according to the following formula:
in the formula E1Electric field strength of observation points in the presence of transmission lines, E0If the electric field intensity of the observation point is not present, the observation point is the antenna mounting position, the calculation result S is the standard for evaluating the passive interference level, and then the calculation result is compared to obtain the proper mounting height of the antenna on the tower.
Continuously analyzing the passive interference generated by the electric power tower in the target coverage direction, and firstly calculating the target coverage distance D2Can be realized by a Catherine calculation tool if D1>D2Then, the target tower can be considered not to generate passive interference on the researched 5G antenna; if D is2>D1If the antenna is in the horizontal lobe angle, the direction angle of the antenna needs to be adjusted, so that the iron tower which generates the passive interference is out of the horizontal lobe angle of the antenna after the adjustment; or by adjusting the down-tilt angle to achieve a reduction D2. The two adjusting modes are combined to better adapt to antenna erection on towers under different cases.
The antenna comprises a plurality of antennas, wherein the antenna is used for adjusting the direction angle of the antenna; the calculation formula gives:
in the formula AdtAt a down tilt angle of the antenna, AbwIs the lobe width angle of the antenna, HtAnd HrHeight, R, of transmitting and receiving ends, respectivelyinAnd RoutRespectively inner and outer radial diameters, D1Is the horizontal distance between the launching tower and the target tower. FIG. 3 is a top view of the tower at point O, which is obtained by adjusting the angle of the antennaThe included angle A between the main lobe of the antenna and the connecting line between the two electric power towers is larger than half of the horizontal lobe angle A1Namely:
A≥A1/2
if the condition is met, passive interference of the target tower to the antenna in the main coverage range can be avoided.
The other scheme is that the radiation outer diameter R can be changed by adjusting the downward inclination angle of the antennaoutI.e. D2By adjusting the down-dip angle to make the radiation outer diameter smaller than the distance between towers, D is realized1>D2And the target tower is out of the main radiation range.
The two adjustment modes specifically consider the actually required coverage range, and the metal body barrier is marginalized under the condition of meeting the coverage range, so that the passive interference value is minimized.
Scheme example:
in a three-loop alternating current transmission line, a 5G antenna is mounted on a tower, an antenna hanging height model is established, and the antenna hanging height can be selected under or in a wire. Hanging the high point to select the position of 40 meters. The known antenna has a vertical lobe angle of 30 °, a down tilt angle of 8 °, and a direction angle of zero degrees. Distance D between iron towers1At 250m, D is calculated according to the formula2Is 284.61m, D2>D1. The two-dimensional adjustment of the down inclination angle and the antenna direction angle is needed, and after the direction angle is adjusted to be 30 degrees, the target pole tower is not in the main radiation range. Or the downward inclination angle is adjusted to 9.11 degrees according to the calculation, so that the target coverage distance is smaller than the distance between the iron towers, and the minimization of the passive interference can also be realized.
Claims (3)
1. A method for adjusting a building mode of an antenna on a tower to minimize passive interference is characterized in that passive interference analysis modeling is carried out on a 5G antenna mounted on a power tower, and the building mode of the antenna is adjusted to minimize the passive interference, and comprises the following steps:
1) preliminarily determining the radiation main lobe direction of the antenna, analyzing the physical environment in the possible coverage range of the antenna radiation, and determining a metal interference object capable of generating passive interference, wherein the metal interference object comprises a good power tower of a power transmission line, and height and distance parameters of the good antenna and the metal interference object are measured;
2) obtaining a hanging height analysis model according to the relation between the antenna position and the relative position of the power transmission line, and solving the influence of the power transmission line on the antenna; firstly, calculating and solving a vector method electric integral equation to obtain current distribution on a power transmission line, then solving the secondary radiation intensity of a power transmission conductor according to induced current, superposing the secondary radiation intensity with a source field, analyzing the interference intensity, and drawing up a proper range of hanging high points;
3) according to a passive interference analysis model generated by the electric tower, determining the distance D between the iron towers by taking the tower mounted with the antenna as an emission iron tower and the tower generating the passive interference as a target tower1And a target coverage distance D2Judgment of D1And D2In relation to each other, if D1>D2Directly entering step 5) without considering passive interference generated by the iron tower, and if D is not considered, directly entering step D)2>D1Entering step 4);
4) on the premise of meeting the antenna coverage requirement, adjusting the direction angle of the antenna by combining the binary adjustment of the direction angle and the downward inclination angle of the antenna, so that the iron tower generating the passive interference is outside the horizontal lobe angle of the antenna radiation after the adjustment; or by adjusting the down-tilt angle to achieve a reduction D2The passive interference generated by the electric tower is minimized;
5) determining an antenna building mode according to the hanging height range obtained in the step 2) and the antenna angle range obtained in the step 4), and marginalizing the metal body interferent under the condition of meeting the coverage range, so that the passive interference value is minimized.
2. The method for adjusting the antenna building mode on the tower to minimize the passive interference according to claim 1, wherein the step 2) is specifically as follows: obtaining antenna hanging height H and transmission line hanging height HnN is the number of the transmission line, H and H are judgednEstablishing a model, wherein the condition that the height of the antenna is higher than that of all the power transmission lines is directly eliminated; the transmission line is regarded as a metal body barrier, and the influence of the metal body barrier on the antenna is the high-voltage transmission lineThe secondary radiation field intensity is obtained by solving a Pocklen integral equation to obtain the current distribution on the power transmission line, further calculating a secondary radiation intensity vector generated by induced current by adopting a moment method, and obtaining the passive interference field intensity level according to the following formula:
in the formula E1Electric field strength of observation points in the presence of transmission lines, E0If the electric field intensity of the observation point is not present, the observation point is the antenna mounting position, the calculation result S is the standard for evaluating the passive interference level, and then the calculation result is compared to obtain the proper mounting height of the antenna on the tower.
3. The method for adjusting the antenna construction mode on the tower to minimize the passive interference according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the horizontal lobe angle of the specific antenna to be considered for adjusting the direction angle of the antenna is calculated as follows:
in the formula AdtAt a down tilt angle of the antenna, AbwIs the lobe width angle of the antenna, HtAnd HrThe heights of a transmitting end and a receiving end are respectively, the transmitting end refers to an antenna mounting position, the receiving end height refers to the height radiated by an antenna at a target tower, and RinAnd RoutInner and outer diameters of the radiation, respectively; by adjusting the direction angle of the antenna, the included angle A between the main lobe of the antenna and the connecting line between the two iron towers is larger than half of the horizontal lobe angle A1Namely:
A≥A1/2
if the condition is met, passive interference of the target tower in the coverage range of the antenna can be avoided.
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Cited By (2)
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